CN109020606A - A kind of jardiniere for the fertilizer being sustained the bacterium containing EM - Google Patents
A kind of jardiniere for the fertilizer being sustained the bacterium containing EM Download PDFInfo
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- CN109020606A CN109020606A CN201811197949.XA CN201811197949A CN109020606A CN 109020606 A CN109020606 A CN 109020606A CN 201811197949 A CN201811197949 A CN 201811197949A CN 109020606 A CN109020606 A CN 109020606A
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FIOCEWASVZHBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-oxo-2-phenylacetyl)oxyethoxy]ethyl 2-oxo-2-phenylacetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIOCEWASVZHBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/067—Macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/028—Multi-compartmented pots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B33/16—Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3218—Aluminium (oxy)hydroxides, e.g. boehmite, gibbsite, alumina sol
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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Abstract
This application provides the jardinieres that one kind can be sustained the fertilizer of the bacterium containing EM, including three parts, respectively external barrier layer, interior space layer and the crosslinking fertiliser granulates for being filled in interior space layer；The fertilizer and EM bacterium, fertilizer that load has suitable flowers and plants to grow in the tub wall of this flowerpot are released slowly in a long time in the soil in flowerpot, the process applied fertilizer when eliminating plantation flowers and plants, while EM bacterium preferably can promote flowers and plants to grow.In actual production, the content and fertilizer and EM bacterium leaching velocity of the fertilizer total amount and EM bacterium in flowerpot can be designed according to average daily fertilizer amount needed for different types of flowers and plants.After fertilizer and EM bacterium inside flowerpot release, this flowerpot can also continue to come as normal flower pot using.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer preparation technical fields, and the Ceramic flower of the fertilizer of the bacterium containing EM can be sustained more particularly, to one kind
Basin.
Background technique
EM bacterium (Effective Microorganisms) is by about 80 kinds of microorganism groups at EM bacterium is big by Japanese Ryukyu
Ratio is good to be studied successfully professor's nineteen eighty-two according to husband, is put goods on the market the eighties.EM bacterium is with photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast
10 based on bacterium and actinomyces belong to a kind of micro- life bacteria preparation that more than 80 microorganisms are combined.The mechanism of action is to form EM
The competition of bacterium and pathogenic microorganism contention nutrition, since EM bacterium easily lives and reproduces in the soil, so can it is very fast and steadily
Occupy the ecologic niche in soil, form the advantage group of beneficial microbial bacteria, thus control pathogenic microorganism breeding and
Invasion to crop.It is the developing direction of the ecological agriculture, is more advantageous to the sustainable development of agricultural.
Under the premise of EM bacterium has such numerous effects, the culture matrix of EM bacterium, the combination of EM bacterium, EM bacteria agent product
Form etc. all has highly important meaning for the effect of product and use.Modern industry and population causing of rapid growth
A large amount of uses of fertilizer, drug can be effectively improved soil and water body matter using EM bacterial manure so that soil, water body etc. are continuous worsening
It measures, chemical fertilizer and drug use is greatly decreased, improves plantation and culture efficiency.
Although flowerpot material currently on the market is different, function is dull, only installs the effect of soil and flowers and plants.It is many
It is well known, it also applies fertilizer during raising flowers.Although people develop a variety of sustained releases that can reduce fertilizer application frequency
Fertilizer, but still do not adapt to modern society there is still a need for processes such as shoveling, complex fertilizer, waterings during applying fertilizer and quickly live
Rhythm.There is an urgent need to the multifunctional flowerpots that one kind can reduce number of operations and time to greatest extent by people.
The preparation method of existing slow-release fertilizer, which is included in outside urea, applies one layer of molten sulfur, and improved method is to continue to apply one layer
The composition of hydrocarbon wax and polymer；Or with the sorptive materials mixed fertilizer such as high hydroscopic resin, attapulgite；Or in fertilizer
The cellulosic material for expecting surface scion grafting functionalization reduces its water solubility；Etc..But these methods are each defective, such as are coated with
It will cause environmental pollution when polymeric membrane, it is very short with slow-release time when sorptive material, it is a large amount of using to enter when cross-linked material
Crosslinking agent such as cellulose so that increased costs, utilization rate of fertilizer reduce.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the Ceramic flower of the fertilizer of the bacterium containing EM can be sustained this application provides one kind
Basin.The fertilizer and EM bacterium, fertilizer that load has suitable flowers and plants to grow in the tub wall of this flowerpot are released slowly to flowerpot in a long time
In interior soil, the process applied fertilizer when eliminating plantation flowers and plants, while EM bacterium preferably can promote flowers and plants to grow.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of jardiniere for the fertilizer being sustained the bacterium containing EM, the EM bacterium bag include the strain for being not limited to following content:
Bacillus subtilis: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Bacillus licheniformis: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Photosynthetic bacteria: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Enterococcus faecalis: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Lactobacillus acidophilus: 1~5*1011cfu/g。
The jardiniere includes three parts, respectively external barrier layer, interior space layer and is filled in interior space layer
The crosslinking fertiliser granulates of the bacterium containing EM；Preparation process is as follows:
(1) prepare EM bacterium powder: using talcum powder as carrier, be added bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, it is photosynthetic carefully
Bacterium, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium powder, be configured to required content, obtain EM bacterium powder；
(2) it prepares external barrier layer slurry: calcined kaolin, quartz sand, potassium feldspar being ground respectively, cross 200~230 mesh
Sieve adds polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water, is mixed evenly, stirs again after aging 15~20 hours after mixing
It mixes uniformly mixed, obtains external barrier layer slurry；
(3) space layer slurry in preparing: Schistose kaolinite, quartz sand, potassium feldspar, diatomite, aluminium hydroxide micro powder difference
80~120 meshes are crossed in grinding, and polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added after mixing, is mixed evenly, aging 15
It is again stirring for being uniformly mixed after~20 hours, obtains interior space layer slurry；
(4) in the Mould for flower pot of shape needed for injecting outer layer slurry, pressurization 2~3Mpa molding obtains ectoderm；Outside
Germinal layer inner wall continues to inject interior space layer slurry, and pressurization 3~4Mpa molding obtains entoderm, and tie inside and outside germinal layer closely
It closes；
(5) it is sintered after drying, sintering process are as follows: be first warming up to 280~320 DEG C, kept for 30~40 minutes；Then it rises
Temperature is kept for 2~3 hours to 1250~1300 DEG C；Subsequent Temperature fall；
(6) 200~230 meshes are crossed after grinding the fertilizer of type needed for flowers and plants, with EM bacterium powder, bisphenol-A obtained by step (1)
Epoxy acrylic resin, photoinitiator, diluent are applied to after mixing on sintered interior space layer wall, at 20~30 DEG C
2~3Mpa of lower pressurization is kept for pressure 20~40 minutes, is allowed to penetrate into interior space layer, then solidifies under ultraviolet light.
The dosage of raw material needed for each step are as follows:
(1) external barrier layer includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
Calcined kaolin: 40~50 parts；
Quartz sand: 10~15 parts；
Potassium feldspar: 15~20 parts；
Diameter is the polystyrene spheres of 60~80nm: 10~15 parts；
Surfactant: 2~5 parts；
Binder: 3~5 parts；
Water: 20~30 parts；
(2) the interior space layer includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
Schistose kaolinite: 35~45 parts；
Quartz sand: 10~15 parts；
Potassium feldspar: 15~20 parts；
Diatomite: 5~10 parts；
Aluminium hydroxide micro powder: 3~5 parts；
The polystyrene spheres that diameter is 50~100 microns: 10~15 parts；
Surfactant: 2~5 parts；
Binder: 3~5 parts；
Water: 20~30 parts；
(3) the crosslinking fertiliser granulates of the bacterium containing EM include the raw material of following parts by weight:
EM bacterium powder: 3~6 parts；
The fertilizer of type needed for flowers and plants: 70~80 parts；
Bisphenol-A epoxy acrylic resin: 12~15 parts；
Photoinitiator: 2~4 parts；
Diluent: 3~5 parts.
Preferably, the surfactant be oleic acid, stearic acid, odium stearate one kind.
Preferably, the binder is methylcellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
The fertilizer of type needed for the flowers and plants includes and is not limited to nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, compound fertilizer, contains microelement
Fertilizer, organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the fertilizer of type needed for the flowers and plants include and be not limited to ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium chloride, urea,
Ureaformaldehyde nitrogen, sustained release phosphorus sylvite, monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, N P and K are compound
Fertilizer.
Preferably, the photoinitiator is Chivacure 1176 or Irgacure754；The diluent is propylene oxide
Butyl ether or diglycidyl ether epoxy diluent.
The present invention is beneficial to be had the technical effect that
External barrier layer effect of the invention is to prevent EM bacterium and fertilizer to discharging outside flowerpot, simultaneously because flower of the invention
Basin thickness is slightly thicker than general flowerpot, and this requires external barrier layers also to have certain ventilative, water permeability, so that flowers and plants root
Sufficient gas is obtained, and prevents rotten.Therefore external barrier layer of the invention has the micropore of ventilative hydrofuge.
Traditional ceramics are sintered that rear surface is fine and close, poor air permeability, and the present invention is in order to improve sintered gas permeability, using forging
Burning kaolin is major ingredient.Calcined kaolin refers in 900~950 DEG C of calcined kaolin, reacts through calcined kaolin
Activity improves, and dispersibility enhancing can make the mixing of raw material more uniform, avoid external barrier layer slurry due to pore-foaming agent
Aperture too small generation the problems such as reuniting, collapsing during the sintering process, is uneven at gas permeability after porcelain.The original of external barrier layer simultaneously
Expect that partial size is larger, porcelain facing is more coarse after sintering, have certain extension it is aqueous can, avoid asking under water flow aggregate flow after moisture-inhibiting
Topic.
The effect of interior space layer of the invention is load EM bacterium and fertilizer, the pore quantity of interior space layer is more, volume more
Greatly, portative EM bacterium and fertilizer are more.Interior space layer not only joined the diatom that can generate gap during the sintering process
Soil, and aluminium hydroxide micro powder is used, the interior space layer storage EM bacterium obtained in sintering with bigger volume contraction and fertilizer
The volume of material is bigger.
The decomposition temperature of polystyrene spheres is 300 DEG C or so, stops the regular hour in this temperature range in sintering process,
It can play the role of the fixed empty ball shape burnt after losing.Ceramic raw material melting, flowing, recrystallization are increased in following temperature
When, although sphere some ceramic raw material being melted burnt after losing occupies, certain volume can also be saved.Finally
The obtained micropore size on external barrier layer layer ceramic wall is between 20~50nm, convenient for ventilative hydrofuge；The hole of interior space layer
Size is between 20~80 microns, convenient for storage fertilizer.
The bonding of EM bacterium of the present invention and fertilizer is solidified using ultraviolet light, in order to avoid destroy the activity of EM bacterium.EM bacterium and with fertilizer,
The mixture of solidification glue in penetrating into after space layer, obtained using epoxy acrylic resin glue as skeleton, within space layer hole
For the EM bacterium of outer wall and fertiliser granulates.By the dosage control of EM bacterium and fertilizer and solidification glue, EM bacterium and fertilizer can control
Rate of release；It is replaced by the type of EM bacterium and fertilizer, is adapted to the plantation of various flowers and plants；The condition of these flexibly changings
So that this flowerpot is practical, has a wide range of application.
In actual production, it can be designed in flowerpot according to average daily EM bacterium needed for different types of flowers and plants and fertilizer amount
Fertilizer total amount and EM bacterium and fertilizer leaching velocity.During the preparation process, the EM bacterium of type needed for flowers and plants and fertilizer quality liter
High, solidification glue quality decline, can increase EM bacterium and fertilizer rate of release；The EM bacterium of type needed for flowers and plants and fertilizer quality drop
Low, solidification glue Quality advance, can increase EM bacterium and fertilizer rate of release.Its rule is that solidification glue dosage is bigger, and release is got over
Slowly.After EM bacterium and fertilizer inside flowerpot release, this flowerpot can also continue to come as normal flower pot using.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Raw materials used in embodiment is commercial product.
Embodiment 1: preparation can slow-release nitrogen fertilizer jardiniere, be suitable for plantation money tree, felicitous tree, epipremnum aureum, fairy bamboo,
Madagascar palm, rich and honour coconut etc. see Ye Lvzhi.
EM bacterium used in the present embodiment is made of the strain of following content:
Bacillus subtilis: 1*1011cfu/g；
Bacillus licheniformis: 1*1011cfu/g；
Photosynthetic bacteria: 1*1011cfu/g；
Enterococcus faecalis: 1*1011cfu/g；
Lactobacillus acidophilus: 1*1011cfu/g。
The jardiniere preparation process of the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) prepare EM bacterium powder: using talcum powder as carrier, be added bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, it is photosynthetic carefully
Bacterium, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium powder, be configured to required content, obtain EM bacterium powder；
(2) it prepares external barrier layer slurry: calcined kaolin, quartz sand, potassium feldspar being ground respectively, cross 230 meshes, mixing
Polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added afterwards, are mixed evenly, are again stirring for being uniformly mixed after aging 20 hours,
Obtain external barrier layer slurry；
(3) space layer slurry in preparing: Schistose kaolinite, quartz sand, potassium feldspar, diatomite, aluminium hydroxide micro powder difference
120 meshes are crossed in grinding, and polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added after mixing, is mixed evenly, aging 20 hours
After be again stirring for being uniformly mixed, obtain interior space layer slurry；
(4) in the Mould for flower pot of shape needed for injecting outer layer slurry, pressurization 2Mpa molding obtains ectoderm；In outer embryo
Layer inner wall continues to inject interior space layer slurry, and pressurization 3Mpa molding obtains entoderm, and inside and outside germinal layer is made to combine closely；
(5) it is sintered after drying, sintering process are as follows: be first warming up to 280 DEG C, kept for 40 minutes；Then heat to 1250
DEG C, it is kept for 3 hours；Subsequent Temperature fall；
(6) 230 meshes are crossed after grinding the fertilizer of type needed for flowers and plants, with EM bacterium powder, bisphenol-A epoxy obtained by step (1)
Acrylic resin, photoinitiator, diluent are applied to after mixing on sintered interior space layer wall, are pressurizeed at 25 DEG C
2Mpa is kept for pressure 40 minutes, is allowed to penetrate into interior space layer, then solidifies 2 minutes under 365nm ultraviolet light.
The dosage of raw material needed for each step are as follows:
(1) external barrier layer:
Calcined kaolin: 40kg；
Quartz sand: 10kg；
Potassium feldspar: 15kg；
Diameter is the polystyrene spheres of 60nm: 10kg；
Surfactant stearic acid: 2kg；
Binder methylcellulose: 3kg；
Water: 20kg；
(2) interior space layer:
Schistose kaolinite: 35kg；
Quartz sand: 10kg；
Potassium feldspar: 15kg；
Diatomite: 5kg；
Aluminium hydroxide micro powder: 3kg；
The polystyrene spheres that diameter is 50 microns: 10kg；
Surfactant oleic acid: 2kg；
Binder methylcellulose: 3kg；
Water: 20kg；
(3) the crosslinking fertiliser granulates of the bacterium containing EM:
EM bacterium powder obtained by preparation step (1): 6kg；
Urea: 70kg；
Bisphenol-A epoxy acrylic resin: 12kg；
Photoinitiator Chivacure 1176:2kg；
Diluent epoxy propane butyl ether: 3kg.
Embodiment 2: preparation can be sustained the jardiniere of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, be suitable for plantation Bougainvillea spectabilis, Malus spectabilis, Jasmine, the moon
Flowers and plants are spent in the sights such as season, gardenia, fish pelargonium, the white palm, the red palm, Hipeastrum vittalum (L Her.) Herb.- Amaryllisvittata Ait, jonquil, schlumbergera.
EM bacterium used in the present embodiment is made of the strain of following content:
Bacillus subtilis: 5*1011cfu/g；
Bacillus licheniformis: 5*1011cfu/g；
Photosynthetic bacteria: 5*1011cfu/g；
Enterococcus faecalis: 5*1011cfu/g；
Lactobacillus acidophilus: 5*1011cfu/g。
The jardiniere preparation process of the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) prepare EM bacterium powder: using talcum powder as carrier, be added bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, it is photosynthetic carefully
Bacterium, enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium powder, be configured to required content, obtain EM bacterium powder；
(2) it prepares external barrier layer slurry: calcined kaolin, quartz sand, potassium feldspar being ground respectively, cross 200 meshes, mixing
Polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added afterwards, are mixed evenly, are again stirring for being uniformly mixed after aging 15 hours,
Obtain external barrier layer slurry；
(3) space layer slurry in preparing: Schistose kaolinite, quartz sand, potassium feldspar, diatomite, aluminium hydroxide micro powder difference
80 meshes are crossed in grinding, and polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added after mixing, is mixed evenly, aging 15 hours
After be again stirring for being uniformly mixed, obtain interior space layer slurry；
(4) in the Mould for flower pot of shape needed for injecting outer layer slurry, pressurization 3Mpa molding obtains ectoderm；In outer embryo
Layer inner wall continues to inject interior space layer slurry, and pressurization 4Mpa molding obtains entoderm, and inside and outside germinal layer is made to combine closely；
(5) it is sintered after drying, sintering process are as follows: be first warming up to 320 DEG C, kept for 30 minutes；Then heat to 1300
DEG C, it is kept for 2 hours；Subsequent Temperature fall；
(6) 200 meshes are crossed after grinding the fertilizer of type needed for flowers and plants, with EM bacterium powder, bisphenol-A epoxy obtained by step (1)
Acrylic resin, photoinitiator, diluent are applied to after mixing on sintered interior space layer wall, are pressurizeed at 25 DEG C
3Mpa is kept for pressure 20 minutes, is allowed to penetrate into interior space layer, then solidifies 2 minutes under 365nm ultraviolet light.
The dosage of raw material needed for each step are as follows:
(1) external barrier layer:
Calcined kaolin: 50kg；
Quartz sand: 15kg；
Potassium feldspar: 20kg；
Diameter is the polystyrene spheres of 80nm: 15kg；
Surfactant odium stearate: 5kg；
Binder hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: 5kg；
Water: 30kg；
(2) interior space layer:
Schistose kaolinite: 45kg；
Quartz sand: 15kg；
Potassium feldspar: 20kg；
Diatomite: 10kg；
Aluminium hydroxide micro powder: 5kg；
The polystyrene spheres that diameter is 100 microns: 15kg；
Surfactant odium stearate: 5kg；
Binder methylcellulose: 5kg；
Water: 30kg；
(3) the crosslinking fertiliser granulates of the bacterium containing EM:
EM bacterium powder obtained by preparation step (1): 3kg；
Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer: 80kg；
Bisphenol-A epoxy acrylic resin: 15kg；
Photoinitiator Irgacure 754:4kg；
Diglycidyl ether epoxy diluent: 5kg.
Detection example: the flowerpot that embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are prepared carries out dissolution experiment, and specific method is at 25 DEG C
It is lower that flowerpot is filled into water, it will do it fermentation since EM bacterium is dissolved in after water, so that the quantity of the bacterial strain in flowerpot water is more and more, nothing
Method accurately measures the dissolution rate of EM bacterium, therefore can only detect the fertilizer quality concentration of dissolution at regular intervals.
It is calculated according to the formula that fertilizer leaches chemical fertilizer concentration * flowerpot volume in quality=water, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
It can be seen that, the fertilizer in flowerpot leaches quality as the time changes linearly from table 1.With 90 days leaching matter
Amount was calculated divided by 90 days this periods, and embodiment 1 about leaches about 0.135g daily, by original in the sample of its jardiniere
Fertilizer quality is about 250g, can be discharged 5 years.Embodiment 2 leaches about 0.137g daily, by original in the sample of its jardiniere
Fertilizer quality is about 200g, can be discharged 3 years.
Claims (8)
1. the jardiniere that one kind can be sustained the fertilizer of the bacterium containing EM, it is characterised in that the EM bacterium bag, which includes, is not limited to following content
Strain:
Bacillus subtilis: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Bacillus licheniformis: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Photosynthetic bacteria: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Enterococcus faecalis: 1~5*1011cfu/g；
Lactobacillus acidophilus: 1~5*1011cfu/g。
2. jardiniere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the jardiniere includes three parts, respectively outer
Barrier layer, interior space layer and be filled in interior space layer the bacterium containing EM crosslinking fertiliser granulates；Preparation process is as follows:
(1) prepare EM bacterium powder: using talcum powder as carrier, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, photosynthetic bacteria, excrement is added
The bacterium powder of enterococcus, lactobacillus acidophilus, is configured to required content, obtains EM bacterium powder；
(2) it prepares external barrier layer slurry: calcined kaolin, quartz sand, potassium feldspar being ground respectively, cross 200~230 meshes, is mixed
Polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added after conjunction, are mixed evenly, are again stirring for mixing after aging 15~20 hours
It closes uniformly, obtains external barrier layer slurry；
(3) space layer slurry in preparing: Schistose kaolinite, quartz sand, potassium feldspar, diatomite, aluminium hydroxide micro powder grind respectively,
80~120 meshes are crossed, polystyrene spheres, surfactant, binder and water are added after mixing, is mixed evenly, aging 15~20
It is again stirring for being uniformly mixed after hour, obtains interior space layer slurry；
(4) in the Mould for flower pot of shape needed for injecting outer layer slurry, pressurization 2~3Mpa molding obtains ectoderm；In ectoderm
Inner wall continues to inject interior space layer slurry, and pressurization 3~4Mpa molding obtains entoderm, and inside and outside germinal layer is made to combine closely；
(5) it is sintered after drying, sintering process are as follows: be first warming up to 280~320 DEG C, kept for 30~40 minutes；It then heats to
It 1250~1300 DEG C, is kept for 2~3 hours；Subsequent Temperature fall；
(6) 200~230 meshes are crossed after grinding the fertilizer of type needed for flowers and plants, with EM bacterium powder, bisphenol-A epoxy obtained by step (1)
Acrylic resin, photoinitiator, diluent are applied to after mixing on sintered interior space layer wall, are added at 20~30 DEG C
2~3Mpa is pressed, is kept for pressure 20~40 minutes, is allowed to penetrate into interior space layer, then solidifies under ultraviolet light.
3. jardiniere according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the dosage of raw material needed for each step are as follows:
(1) external barrier layer includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
Calcined kaolin: 40~50 parts；
Quartz sand: 10~15 parts；
Potassium feldspar: 15~20 parts；
Diameter is the polystyrene spheres of 60~80nm: 10~15 parts；
Surfactant: 2~5 parts；
Binder: 3~5 parts；
Water: 20~30 parts；
(2) the interior space layer includes the raw material of following parts by weight:
Schistose kaolinite: 35~45 parts；
Quartz sand: 10~15 parts；
Potassium feldspar: 15~20 parts；
Diatomite: 5~10 parts；
Aluminium hydroxide micro powder: 3~5 parts；
The polystyrene spheres that diameter is 50~100 microns: 10~15 parts；
Surfactant: 2~5 parts；
Binder: 3~5 parts；
Water: 20~30 parts；
(3) the crosslinking fertiliser granulates of the bacterium containing EM include the raw material of following parts by weight:
EM bacterium powder: 3~6 parts；
The fertilizer of type needed for flowers and plants: 70~80 parts；
Bisphenol-A epoxy acrylic resin: 12~15 parts；
Photoinitiator: 2~4 parts；
Diluent: 3~5 parts.
4. jardiniere according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the surfactant is oleic acid, stearic acid, tristearin
One kind of sour sodium.
5. jardiniere according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the binder is methylcellulose or hydroxypropyl first
Base cellulose.
6. jardiniere according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the fertilizer of type needed for the flowers and plants includes and unlimited
In nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, compound fertilizer, the fertilizer containing microelement, organic fertilizer.
7. the jardiniere according to claim 2 or 6, it is characterised in that the fertilizer of type needed for the flowers and plants includes and not
It is limited to ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium chloride, urea, ureaformaldehyde nitrogen, sustained release phosphorus sylvite, monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
8. jardiniere according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the photoinitiator be Chivacure 1176 or
Irgacure754；The diluent is epoxy propane butyl ether or diglycidyl ether epoxy diluent.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111995362A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-27 | 福建省德化县零度创意有限公司 | Water-permeable and air-permeable microporous ceramic flowerpot and preparation process thereof |
| CN116477878A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-07-25 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Fertilizer slow-release organic silicon composite flowerpot and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109020606B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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