CN109001261B - System and method for measuring dynamic resistance of conductive fabric - Google Patents
System and method for measuring dynamic resistance of conductive fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN109001261B CN109001261B CN201810635488.3A CN201810635488A CN109001261B CN 109001261 B CN109001261 B CN 109001261B CN 201810635488 A CN201810635488 A CN 201810635488A CN 109001261 B CN109001261 B CN 109001261B
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for measuring dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric, belonging to the field of conductive material testing. The system comprises a corresponding resistor, a pair of test heads, a data acquisition and processing system and a PC (personal computer) end; the conductive fabric is connected with a corresponding resistor in series, and the conductive fabric and the corresponding resistor form a closed circuit; one end of each of the pair of test heads is connected with two ends of the conductive fabric, the other end of each of the test heads is connected with the input end of the data acquisition and processing system, the output end of the data acquisition and processing system is connected with the PC end, and the PC end can display the real-time resistance. The measuring method is used for measuring the dynamic resistance which is generated in the process of stressed deformation of the conductive fabric with high resistivity and changes along with time, the range of the tested resistance value is 1 omega-2000 omega, the resistance change interval can be accurate to 0.01 omega, and the acquisition frequency can be set to 10-30 times per second. The invention can realize accurate real-time monitoring and simultaneously solve the problems of small resistance change of the conductive fabric, low system acquisition frequency and omission of change details.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of conductive material testing, relates to a system for measuring the dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric, and aims to measure the dynamic resistance which is generated in the process of stressed deformation of the conductive fabric with high resistivity and changes along with the time change.
Technical Field
In recent years, conductive materials are emerging continuously, intelligent equipment based on the conductive materials in the market is increased in an explosive mode, and the conductive materials or fabrics and the like have the characteristics of flexibility, easiness in cleaning and high comfort, can comprehensively replace hardware components and can be applied to various products, so that the conductive materials and the fabrics are favored by researchers.
During the testing of conductive materials, the following three problems are often encountered:
1. too large resistance or too small variation process. Most of common electronic multimeters in the market at present mainly measure static values, and when the variable quantity of a conductive material is too small, the material is influenced by environment or other interference factors, and the value change of the electronic multimeter is not obvious.
2. The characteristics of real-time measurements cannot be displayed over time. Particularly, for materials with overlarge resistance and small change, the common electronic multimeter adopts a mode of acquiring one data per second for displaying, and cannot accurately and continuously display the trend of resistance change along with time change.
3. The acquisition frequency is low, and the problem of detail change is omitted. The common electronic multimeter has low acquisition frequency, can not continuously acquire data every second, is influenced by interference factors such as environment and the like, and has the phenomenon of missing acquired data.
In view of the above disadvantages, the present invention provides a dynamic resistance measurement system for a conductive fabric, which can measure a dynamic resistance varying with time generated during a deformation process of the conductive fabric having a high resistivity. Compared with other resistance testing systems, the testing system can display a resistance oscillogram in real time, has good testing flexibility especially for materials with small resistance change, can reflect the resistance change condition of the tested materials more truly and intuitively, has more convincing testing results, and can meet the basic research of flexible intelligent equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a measuring system for the dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a measuring system for the dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric comprises a corresponding resistor, a pair of test heads 1, a data acquisition and processing system and a PC (personal computer) end 7; the conductive fabric is connected with a corresponding resistor in series to form a closed circuit; one end of each of the pair of test heads 1 is respectively connected with two ends of the conductive fabric, the other end of each of the test heads is connected with the input end of the data acquisition and processing system, and the output end of the data acquisition and processing system is connected with the PC end 7; the data acquisition and processing system consists of a data acquisition circuit 2, a microprocessor 3, an A/D conversion circuit 4 and a memory, wherein the data acquisition circuit 2 is used for transmitting current change signals generated when the conductive fabric is stretched and restored, the microprocessor 3 is used for filtering the acquired current change signals, the A/D conversion circuit is used for converting the filtered electric signals into digital signals, and the digital signals are stored in the memory; the pair of test heads 1 collects current passing through the conductive fabric, the data collecting and processing system processes current signals and then transmits the current signals to the PC end 7, and the PC end 7 calculates and displays the real-time resistance value of the conductive fabric by utilizing the property of the series circuit.
The calculation formula of the sampling period in the measurement system is as follows:
S＝S1+S2
wherein S is the sampling period, S1To convert time, S2For reading time, S3For sample time, 1/ADCCLK is the clock period.
The resistance value measuring range of the conductive fabric is 1 omega-2000 omega, and the resistance change interval can be accurate to 0.01 omega; the acquisition frequency of the measurement system is 10-40 times per second, and the test time length is 1 min-10 h; the conductive fabric is formed by weaving conductive fibers, or is formed by introducing conductive materials on a conventional fabric in a coating, printing, depositing, fitting, embroidering and other ways.
The acquisition frequency of the measuring system is 10-20 times per second.
A method for measuring the dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing the conductive fabric in a tensile tester, setting initial pretension, clamping distance, moving speed, fixed point elongation and fixed point force of the tensile tester, connecting a pair of test heads 1 with two ends of a conductive area of the conductive fabric, keeping the test heads 1 stably clamped, and connecting a closed circuit;
step 2: starting a dynamic resistance measuring system of the conductive fabric, and setting the testing time and the acquisition frequency;
and step 3: starting a tensile tester, starting a resistance test of the conductive fabric, observing data change of the PC end 7, and adjusting the resistance value of the relative resistance;
and 4, step 4: the conductive fabric generates corresponding regular strain change due to multiple stretching changes of the stretching tester, so that the resistance value of the conductive fabric changes in real time, and the current in a closed loop changes in real time; the data acquisition circuit 2 acquires the changed current, the microprocessor 3 performs first mean value filtering data processing on the acquired current, and the A/D conversion circuit 4 converts the electric signal after the first mean value filtering data processing into a digital signal and stores the digital signal in a memory;
and 5: the stored data are transmitted to the PC end 7, a resistance testing system of the PC end 7 keeps and selects characteristic data points through a large amount of experimental data, second mean filtering processing and Gaussian white noise processing are carried out, the data after the second mean filtering processing and the Gaussian white noise processing can finely process the influence of external environmental noise, a group of corresponding oscillograms of the real-time resistance change of the conductive fabric are generated and displayed on the interface of the PC end 7 in real time, and the measured resistance change is the change of the resistance value in the stretching process of the conductive fabric.
In the step 4 and the step 5, the mean filtering process is a traditional data mean filtering calculation method:
S＝C(1)+C(2)+...+C(N)
A＝S/N
wherein C is a sampling value, S is an accumulator, A is an average value, and N is the sampling times.
In the step 5, the gaussian white noise processing is to perform noise reduction processing on the acquired current data to ensure data detail information when the resistance changes, and the calculation method is as follows:
power spectral density:
wherein
Representing a bilateral power spectral density;
the autocorrelation function is:
in the step 5, the resistance value R of the conductive fabric1The calculation method is as follows: the resistance value of the corresponding resistor is R, a stable voltage U is applied to the closed circuit, and because the resistance value of the corresponding resistor R is stable and unchanged, the resistance of the conductive fabric changes due to stress, so that the current I of the closed circuit where the conductive fabric to be detected is located changes, and the calculation formula of the resistance value of the conductive fabric is as follows:
the measurement system is applied to: the conductive fabric with a high resistance value generates a small-range resistance change in the stressed deformation process, and the change of the resistance along with time needs to be measured and recorded immediately.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention is designed for desktop application programming, is convenient and fast to use, has strong universality, can set the time during testing, can set the time range from 1 second to 10 hours, and has the resistance area range change size and the change range of 0.01 and above.
2. When the invention is used for testing the conductive material, 10 to 40 real-time change data can be tested every second and stored in the PC end, the change data can be obtained at any time, and the testing time can be set to any time length between 1 minute and 10 hours.
3. According to the invention, the size of the resistance interval of the longitudinal axis can be adjusted according to the different sensitivities of the conductive material when the resistance changes, so that the real-time situation of the resistance change can be reflected.
4. Monitoring data are stored to a local PC (personal computer) end in an Excel table form, the stored data comprise a system testing time period and a resistance value, and the data can be adjusted to carry out post-research processing.
5. The invention records the resistance change of the conductive material in real time through the data during the test, stores the resistance change to the PC end after twice filtering processing and Gaussian white noise processing, takes time as an axis, and expresses the sensitivity change of different conductive materials in a wave form pattern mode, thereby facilitating the follow-up observation and suggestion of researchers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a hardware configuration diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a program user interface diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a measurement circuit for a material to be measured according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of data processing according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the data acquisition circuit, the processor and the PC according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of real-time resistance change of a conductive fabric.
Fig. 8 measures the system data storage table.
In the figure: 1, testing a head; 2, a data acquisition circuit; 3 a microprocessor; a 4A/D conversion circuit; 5, Bluetooth; 6 a wired transmission line; 7PC terminal.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a measuring system for dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric comprises a corresponding resistor, a pair of test heads 1, a data acquisition and processing system and a PC terminal 7; the conductive fabric is connected with a corresponding resistor in series to form a closed circuit; one end of each of the pair of test heads 1 is respectively connected with two ends of the conductive fabric, the other end of each of the test heads is connected with the input end of the data acquisition and processing system, and the output end of the data acquisition and processing system is connected with the PC end 7; the data acquisition and processing system consists of a data acquisition circuit 2, a microprocessor 3, an A/D conversion circuit 4 and a memory, wherein the data acquisition circuit 2 is used for transmitting current change signals generated when the conductive fabric is stretched and restored, the microprocessor 3 is used for filtering the acquired current change signals, the A/D conversion circuit is used for converting the filtered electric signals into digital signals, and the digital signals are stored in the memory; the pair of test heads 1 collects current passing through the conductive fabric, the data collecting and processing system processes current signals and then transmits the current signals to the PC end 7, and the PC end 7 calculates and displays the real-time resistance value of the conductive fabric by utilizing the property of the series circuit.
The conductive fabric is a flexible knitted fabric, conductive yarns in the conductive fabric are silver-plated nylon or spandex, the non-conductive area is bare nylon and bare spandex, the conductive area is 30cm long and 5cm wide, the conductive area is a rectangle 18cm long and 2cm wide, the resistance of the conductive fabric is about 50 omega, and the resistance change range is within 10 omega. The conductive fabric prepared by adopting the spandex yarns has a tighter structure and better sensitivity, and is more favorable for acquiring data signals.
The data acquisition and processing system is integrated in the data acquisition and storage data box.
The PC terminal 7 is a computer equipped with a resistance measuring system, and has functions of data processing, data monitoring and displaying, data storage, and communication of the PC terminal 7 (as shown in fig. 5), and the display interface of the PC terminal 7 is shown in fig. 2. The PC end 7 is matched with the conductive fabric, the data acquisition system and the microprocessor for use, so that dynamic resistance monitoring of resistance change along with time in the stress deformation process of the conductive fabric is realized.
The calculation formula of the sampling period in the measurement system is as follows:
S＝Sl+S2
wherein S is the sampling period, S1To convert time, S2For reading time, S3For sample time, 1/ADCCLK is the clock period.
The measuring system is suitable for conductive materials (generally between 1 omega and 2000 omega) with different resistance values, corresponding relative resistance is selected, and when the resistance value of the conductive fabric is about 50 omega, the relative resistance is 100 omega; when the resistance value of the fabric to be detected is 1 omega-300 omega, selecting a relative resistance with the size of 100 omega; when the resistance value of the conductive fabric exceeds 300 omega, the relative resistance with the resistance value of 500 omega-1000 omega is selected according to actual requirements. Meanwhile, the size of the measurement system interval is set according to the resistance change range and is matched with the software of the PC terminal 7 for use.
The acquisition frequency in the measurement system is 10-40 times per second, and the system applied voltage is 3.3V direct current voltage. When the collection frequency exceeds 40 times per second, the transmission speed and the microprocessor can not meet the collection frequency, and simultaneously, the battery in the Bluetooth system is damaged, and under the condition of ensuring the sampling rate, the longer the sampling time is, the higher the precision is. For example, the frequency is 20 times per second, each time the data is the average of 20 Ad samples, one second sample is 400, i.e., each time the total time cannot exceed 1/400 seconds, minus 12.5 cycle times, is the maximum sampling time.
A method for measuring the dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric (as shown in fig. 4 and 6) comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing the conductive fabric in a tensile tester, setting the initial pretension of the tensile tester to be 2N, the clamping distance to be 30cm, the moving speed to be 100mm/min, the fixed point to be extended to be 50 percent and the fixed point force to be 200N, and connecting a pair of test heads 1 with two ends of a conductive area of the conductive fabric; the test head 1 is kept stably clamped and a closed circuit is connected.
Step 2: and starting the dynamic resistance measuring system of the conductive fabric, setting the testing time to be 60s, and collecting the frequency for 20 times per second.
And step 3: starting a tensile tester to start the resistance test of the conductive fabric; and (3) observing data change of the PC terminal 7, adjusting the resistance value of the relative resistor to be 100 omega, adjusting the resistance change interval of the ordinate to be 45 omega-55 omega, and changing the interval to be 1 omega.
And 4, step 4: the conductive fabric generates corresponding regular strain change due to multiple stretching changes of the stretching tester, so that the resistance value of the conductive fabric changes in real time, and the current in a closed loop changes in real time; the data acquisition circuit 2 acquires the changed current, the microprocessor 3 performs first mean value filtering data processing on the acquired current, and the A/D conversion circuit 4 converts the electric signal after the first mean value filtering data processing into a digital signal to be stored in the memory.
And 5: the stored data are transmitted to the PC end 7 through a USB data line, a resistance testing system of the PC end 7 reserves and selects characteristic data points through a large amount of experimental data, second mean filtering processing and Gaussian white noise processing are carried out, the data after the second mean filtering processing and the Gaussian white noise processing can finely process the influence of external environment noise, a group of corresponding waveform diagrams of real-time resistance change are generated and displayed on an interface of the PC end 7 in real time, and the measured resistance change is the change of resistance in the fabric stretching process, as shown in figure 7.
And 3, adjusting the size of the change interval of the ordinate resistance according to the difference of the sensitivity of the test material, and adjusting the resistance interval of the change interval.
In the step 4 and the step 5, the mean filtering process is a traditional data mean filtering calculation method:
S＝C(1)+C(2)+...+C(N)
A＝S/N
wherein C is a sampling value, S is an accumulator, A is an average value, and N is the sampling times.
In the step 5, the gaussian white noise processing is to perform noise reduction processing on the acquired current data to ensure data detail information when the resistance changes, and the calculation method is as follows:
power spectral density:
wherein
Representing a bilateral power spectral density;
the autocorrelation function is:
the steps areIn step 5, the conductive fabric has a resistance value R1The calculation method is as follows: the resistance value of the corresponding resistor is R, a stable voltage U is applied to the closed circuit, and because the resistance value of the corresponding resistor R is stable and unchanged, the resistance of the conductive fabric changes due to stress, so that the current I of the closed circuit where the conductive fabric to be detected is located changes, and the calculation formula of the resistance value of the conductive fabric is as follows:
therefore, the invention can solve the problems of small resistance change of the conductive fabric and the problem of change precision of the resistance along with the change of time, and the circuit is shown as figure 3.
The data in step 5 will also be stored to the PC terminal 7 in the form of a table, as shown in fig. 8. And the test result is stored in an Excel file format by instantly displaying a change waveform on a PC display screen by taking time as an x axis and resistance as a y axis, so that data information of time and resistance can be viewed at a later stage and further data processing can be carried out.
The measurement system is applied to: the conductive fabric with a high resistance value generates a small-range resistance change in the stressed deformation process, and the change of the resistance along with time needs to be measured and recorded immediately.
Claims (10)
1. A measuring system for the dynamic resistance of a conductive fabric is characterized by comprising a corresponding resistor, a pair of testing heads (1), a data acquisition and processing system and a PC (personal computer) end (7); the conductive fabric is connected with a corresponding resistor in series to form a closed circuit; one end of each of the pair of test heads (1) is respectively connected with two ends of the conductive fabric, the other end of each of the test heads is connected with the input end of the data acquisition and processing system, and the output end of the data acquisition and processing system is connected with the PC end (7); the data acquisition and processing system is composed of a data acquisition circuit (2), a microprocessor (3), an A/D conversion circuit (4) and a memory, wherein the data acquisition circuit (2) is used for transmitting current change signals generated when the conductive fabric is stretched and restored, the microprocessor (3) is used for filtering the acquired current change signals, the A/D conversion circuit is used for converting the filtered electric signals into digital signals, and the digital signals are stored in the memory; the pair of test heads (1) collects current passing through the conductive fabric, the data collecting and processing system processes current signals and then transmits the current signals to the PC end (7), and the PC end (7) calculates and displays the real-time resistance value of the conductive fabric by using the property of the series circuit;
the acquisition frequency of the measuring system is 10-40 times per second.
2. The system for measuring the dynamic resistance of the conductive fabric according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the sampling period in the measuring system is as follows:
S＝S1+S2
wherein S is the sampling period, S1To convert time, S2For reading time, S3For sample time, 1/ADCCLK is the clock period.
3. The system for measuring the dynamic resistance of the conductive fabric as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the resistance value of the conductive fabric is measured in a range of 1 Ω -2000 Ω, and the resistance change interval can be accurate to 0.01 Ω; the test time of the measuring system is 1 min-10 h; the conductive fabric is formed by weaving conductive fibers, or is formed by introducing conductive materials on a conventional fabric in a coating, printing, depositing, fitting or embroidering way.
4. The system for measuring the dynamic resistance of the conductive fabric as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the acquisition frequency of the measuring system is 10 to 20 times per second.
5. The system for measuring the dynamic resistance of the conductive fabric according to claim 3, wherein the acquisition frequency of the measuring system is 10 to 20 times per second.
6. The measuring method of the measuring system for the dynamic resistance of the conductive fabric, which is adopted by any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: placing the conductive fabric in a tensile tester, setting initial pretension, clamping distance, moving speed, fixed point elongation and fixed point force of the tensile tester, connecting a pair of test heads (1) with two ends of a conductive area of the conductive fabric, keeping the test heads (1) stably clamped, and connecting a closed circuit;
step 2: starting a dynamic resistance measuring system of the conductive fabric, and setting the testing time and the acquisition frequency;
and step 3: starting a tensile tester, starting the resistance test of the conductive fabric, observing the data change of the PC end (7), and adjusting the resistance value of the relative resistance;
and 4, step 4: the conductive fabric generates corresponding regular strain change due to multiple stretching changes of the stretching tester, so that the resistance value of the conductive fabric changes in real time, and the current in a closed loop changes in real time; the data acquisition circuit (2) acquires the changed current, the microprocessor (3) performs first mean value filtering data processing on the acquired current, and the A/D conversion circuit (4) converts an electric signal subjected to the first mean value filtering data processing into a digital signal and stores the digital signal in the memory;
and 5: the stored data are transmitted to a PC (personal computer) end (7), a resistance testing system of the PC end (7) reserves and selects characteristic data points through a large amount of experimental data, second mean filtering processing and Gaussian white noise processing are carried out, the influence of external environment noise can be finely processed through the data after the second mean filtering processing and the Gaussian white noise processing, a group of corresponding waveform diagrams of the real-time resistance change of the conductive fabric are generated and displayed on the interface of the PC end (7) in real time, and the measured resistance change is the change of the resistance value in the stretching process of the conductive fabric.
7. The measurement method according to claim 6, wherein in the step 4 and the step 5, the mean filtering process is a calculation method of conventional data mean filtering:
S＝C(1)+C(2)+...+C(N)
A＝S/N
wherein C is a sampling value, S is an accumulator, A is an average value, and N is the sampling times;
in the step 5, the gaussian white noise processing is to perform noise reduction processing on the acquired current data to ensure data detail information when the resistance changes, and the calculation method is as follows:
power spectral density:
wherein
Representing a bilateral power spectral density;
the autocorrelation function is:
8. the method of claim 6, wherein in step 5, the conductive fabric has a resistance value R1The calculation method is as follows: the resistance value of the corresponding resistor is R, a stable voltage U is applied to the closed circuit, and because the resistance value of the corresponding resistor R is stable and unchanged, the resistance of the conductive fabric changes due to stress, so that the current I of the closed circuit where the conductive fabric to be detected is located changes, and the calculation formula of the resistance value of the conductive fabric is as follows:
9. the method of claim 7, wherein in step 5, the conductive fabric has a resistance value R1The calculation method is as follows: the resistance value of the corresponding resistor is R, a stable voltage U is applied to the closed circuit, and the resistance value of the corresponding resistor R is stable and unchanged, so that the resistance of the conductive fabric is changed due to stress,so that the current I of the closed circuit where the conductive fabric to be detected is located changes, the calculation formula of the resistance value of the conductive fabric is as follows:
10. use of a measuring system according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the measuring system is used for: the conductive fabric with a high resistance value generates a small-range resistance change in the stressed deformation process, and the change of the resistance along with time needs to be measured and recorded immediately.
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| US10022073B2 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2018-07-17 | Intel Corproation | Wearable apparatus with a stretch sensor |
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