CN108993760B - Weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore sorting process - Google Patents
Weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore sorting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108993760B CN108993760B CN201810757510.1A CN201810757510A CN108993760B CN 108993760 B CN108993760 B CN 108993760B CN 201810757510 A CN201810757510 A CN 201810757510A CN 108993760 B CN108993760 B CN 108993760B
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process, which belongs to the technical field of multi-metal ore separation, and comprises the steps of removing fine-grained particles in raw ores, controlling the granularity of selected ores through pre-screening, carrying out pre-waste-throwing rough separation on the ores by using a photoelectric waste-throwing machine to play a role of pre-enriching concentrate, reducing the treatment capacity of subsequent processes, replacing the ball-milling treatment of the traditional process with a crushing process, maximally reducing the treatment capacity of jigging and a shaking table, saving energy consumption, reducing production cost, grading the minerals into various materials with narrow grain grades, and maximally improving the ore recovery rate, wherein the whole process has no additive, simple process flow and high manganese ore recovery rate (more than 80 percent), is easy to implement, and the wastewater from a separation plant can be directly discharged after being simply treated, and belongs to an environment-friendly and ecological ore separation process, has important significance for the sustainable development of economy in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of multi-metal ore dressing, and particularly relates to a separation process of weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore.
Background
In recent years, with the vigorous development of the mining industry, the easily-selected high-grade manganese ore resources are gradually scarce, and a lot of difficultly-selected low-grade manganese ores become dead ores due to the lagging separation technology. At present, a photoelectric pre-waste-throwing technology is used for sorting low-grade tungsten ores, tin ores, non-metal ores and garbage at home and abroad, the technology can greatly reduce the production cost of concentrates and improve the economic benefit of enterprises, but the technology cannot be popularized and used on manganese ores, the main reason is that most of manganese ores belong to weathered high-oxidation-rate rocks, and the influence of primary fine-grained materials on a photoelectric sorting machine is reduced effectively due to the fact that the primary fine-grained materials are too much to pollute the photoelectric sorting machine in the production process and the photoelectric sorting machine cannot work normally.
The energy consumption of crushing and screening systems and ball-milling grading systems of domestic and foreign concentrating mills respectively accounts for 9% and 55% of the energy consumption of the whole plant, but the ball-milling-crushing efficiency ratio is about 1: 10, therefore, the adoption of efficient crushing equipment and crushing process flow becomes the key for reducing the production cost of the plant selection. In the separation process of manganese ores, the conventionally adopted mineral separation process flows comprise gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation, ore washing, leaching and combined process flows, and the mineral separation recovery rate is difficult to improve by adopting a single gravity separation flow; when the magnetic separation, the flotation or the leaching process is adopted, the ore needs to be ground, the ore grinding energy consumption is high, and the ore dressing wastewater generated in the flotation and leaching process contains a large amount of ore dressing agents which are directly discharged without being treated and easily cause serious damage to the ecological environment; when flotation and magnetic separation processes are adopted, the granularity of the concentrate is fine, the dehydration process is complex, and the investment and operation cost is high; when the ore washing process is adopted, the ore water consumption is large, the ore washing workshop runs, overflows, drips and leaks more, and the operation environment of the workshop is dirty, messy and poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a separation process of weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore, which has the advantages of simple process flow, low production cost and high recovery rate of manganese ore.
The invention provides a separation process of weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-screening raw ores to remove fine-grained particles to obtain oversize materials;
(2) crushing the oversize material obtained in the step (1) to enable the crushed product to reach a preset fineness;
(3) performing waste-discarding roughing 1 on the crushed product obtained in the step (2) in advance to obtain roughing 1 concentrate and roughing 1 tailings;
(4) performing waste throwing and roughing 2 on the tailings of the roughing 1 obtained in the step (3) in advance to obtain concentrate of the roughing 2 and tailings of the roughing 2, performing superfine crushing on the concentrate of the roughing 2 to a set fineness, performing grading, shaking table, thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a manganese ore product, and putting the tailings of the roughing 2 into a tailing pond or separately treating the tailings in addition;
(5) and (4) screening, jigging and gravity dewatering the concentrate obtained in the step (3) in the rough concentration 1 to obtain manganese concentrate.
Preferably, in the step (1), the raw ore is pre-screened by a heavy-duty vibrating screen to remove fine-fraction particles, and the fine-fraction particles are sent to a tailing pond or are separately treated.
Preferably, the particle size of the fine fraction particles is less than or equal to 10 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), a two-stage closed-loop crushing and screening process is adopted, so that the particle size of the crushed product reaches-20 mm.
Preferably, in the steps (3) and (4), a photoelectric waste polishing machine is adopted to carry out pre-waste polishing and roughing so as to play a role of pre-enriching the concentrate and reduce the treatment capacity of the subsequent process.
Preferably, in the step (4), the concentrate of the roughing 2 is subjected to superfine crushing treatment to enable the granularity of the superfine crushed product to reach-3 mm, the superfine crushed product enters a hydraulic classification box for classification treatment to obtain three materials with different grain sizes of-3- +0.15mm, -0.15- +0.074mm and-0.074 mm, the three materials with different grain sizes respectively enter a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate and shaking table tailings, the shaking table concentrate is subjected to thickening, filtering and dewatering treatment to obtain a manganese ore product, and the tailings are put into a tailing warehouse or are separately treated in addition.
Preferably, in the step (5), the concentrate of the roughing 1 enters a vibrating screen for screening treatment, the concentrate is divided into three products with different grain sizes of-20 to +10mm, -10 to +2mm and-2 mm, the products with the three different grain sizes enter a jigger respectively to obtain jigging concentrate and jigging tailings, the jigging concentrate is subjected to gravity dehydration treatment to obtain manganese concentrate, and the jigging tailings enter a tailing pond or are separately treated.
Preferably, the gravity dewatering treatment adopts a mechanical vibrating screen or a bucket elevator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention provides a separation process of weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore, which comprises the steps of removing fine-grained particles in raw ore, controlling the granularity of the selected ore by pre-screening, adopting a photoelectric waste polishing machine to pre-polish and roughen the ore to play a role of pre-enriching concentrate, reducing the treatment capacity of subsequent processes, adopting a crushing process to replace ball milling treatment of the traditional process, being capable of reducing the treatment capacity of jigging and shaking tables to the maximum extent, saving energy consumption, reducing production cost, classifying the ore into various narrow-grained materials, improving the recovery rate of the ore to the maximum extent, having no additive added in the whole process, having simple process flow, high recovery rate of manganese ore (more than 80 percent and higher than that of manganese ore in the conventional process), being easy to implement, and directly discharging the wastewater of a separation plant after simple treatment, belonging to an environment-friendly and ecological ore separation process, has important significance for the sustainable development of economy in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and the present invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments below.
Example 1
Taking manganese ore with the handling capacity of 2000t/d in certain places in Shaanxi as an example, the manganese ore mainly takes manganese carbonate as a main component, and the fine-grained materials in the ore are more, the weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-screening: the uncrushed raw ore enters a heavy vibrating screen for screening, fine-grained particles with the granularity less than or equal to 10mm are removed, and the undersize materials enter a tailing pond or are separately treated;
(2) coarse crushing and fine crushing: adopting a two-stage-closed circuit crushing and screening process, and controlling the granularity of the crushed product to be-20 mm;
(3) performing pre-waste-throwing roughing 1 on the qualified crushed product by adopting a photoelectric waste throwing machine to obtain roughing 1 concentrate and roughing 1 tailings;
(4) roughing 1 tailings are subjected to waste throwing and roughing 2 in advance to obtain roughing 2 concentrate and roughing 2 tailings, the roughing 2 concentrate is subjected to superfine crushing to be-3 mm, superfine crushed products enter a hydraulic classification box to be classified into three materials with different grain sizes of-3- +0.15mm, -0.15- +0.074mm and-0.074 mm, the three materials with different grain sizes respectively enter a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate and shaking table tailings, the shaking table concentrate is subjected to thickening, filtering and dehydrating to obtain manganese ore products, and the shaking table tailings enter a tailing warehouse or are separately treated.
(5) The rough concentration 1 concentrate enters a vibrating screen for screening treatment, the concentrate is divided into three products with different grain sizes of-20- +10mm, -10- +2mm and-2 mm, the products with the three different grain sizes respectively enter a jigging machine to obtain jigged concentrate and jigged tailings, the jigged concentrate is subjected to gravity dehydration treatment by adopting a mechanical vibrating screen to obtain manganese concentrate, and the jigged tailings are put into a tailing pond or are separately treated.
After the process is adopted, the recovery rate of manganese ore is 88%, the energy consumption of the selecting factory is 18Kw.h/t of raw ore, as a comparative test, the manganese carbonate ore in the example 1 is used as a sample, the conventional processes of ore washing, crushing, gravity separation, jigging, ore grinding and gravity separation of a table are adopted, the ore dressing recovery rate is 85%, and the energy consumption of the selecting factory is 28Kw.h/t of raw ore.
Example 2
Taking manganese ore with the treatment capacity of 1000t/d in certain places of inner Mongolia as an example, the manganese ore mainly comprises manganese oxide, and more fine-grained materials are contained in the ore, the same manganese ore sorting process as that in the embodiment 1 of the invention is adopted, the final recovery rate of the manganese ore is 81%, the energy consumption of a sorting plant is 16Kw.h/t of raw ore, the manganese oxide ore in the embodiment 2 is taken as a sample, the conventional processes of ore washing, crushing, grinding and gravity concentration of a shaking table are adopted, the recovery rate of ore dressing is 80%, and the energy consumption of the sorting plant is 26Kw.h/t of raw ore.
Example 3
Taking manganese ore with the treatment capacity of 600t/d in Xinjiang as an example, the manganese ore mainly comprises manganese oxide, and more fine-grained materials are contained in the ore, the same manganese ore separation process as that in the example 1 is adopted, the final recovery rate of the manganese ore is 88%, the energy consumption of a separation plant is 18Kw.h/t of raw ore, the manganese oxide ore in the example 3 is taken as a sample, a conventional crushing-grinding-magnetic separation-gravity separation process is adopted, the recovery rate of ore separation is 84%, and the energy consumption of the separation plant is 27Kw.h/t of raw ore.
Therefore, the method has the advantages of simple process flow, convenient operation, low production cost, high recovery rate of manganese ore and easy industrial production, and provides a new technical route for development of low-grade manganese ore.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A technology for sorting weathered low-grade refractory manganese ores is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pre-screening raw ores to remove fine-grained particles to obtain oversize materials;
(2) crushing the oversize material obtained in the step (1) to enable the crushed product to reach a preset fineness;
(3) performing waste-discarding roughing 1 on the crushed product obtained in the step (2) in advance to obtain roughing 1 concentrate and roughing 1 tailings;
(4) performing waste throwing and roughing 2 on the tailings of the roughing 1 obtained in the step (3) in advance to obtain concentrate of the roughing 2 and tailings of the roughing 2, performing superfine crushing on the concentrate of the roughing 2 to a set fineness, performing grading, shaking table, thickening and filtering dehydration treatment to obtain a manganese ore product, and putting the tailings of the roughing 2 into a tailing pond or separately treating the tailings in addition;
(5) and (4) screening, jigging and gravity dewatering the concentrate obtained in the step (3) in the rough concentration 1 to obtain manganese concentrate.
2. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), a heavy vibrating screen is adopted to pre-screen raw ores, and fine-fraction particles are put into a tailing pond or are separately treated.
3. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the fine-fraction particles is less than or equal to 10 mm.
4. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a two-stage-closed-circuit crushing and screening process is adopted, so that the particle size of a crushed product reaches-20 mm.
5. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (3) and (4), a photoelectric waste polishing machine is adopted for pre-polishing waste and rough separation.
6. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the rougher 2 concentrate is subjected to superfine crushing treatment to enable the particle size of the superfine crushed product to be-3 mm, the superfine crushed product is subjected to classification treatment in a hydraulic classification box and is classified into three materials with different particle sizes of-3- +0.15mm, -0.15- +0.074mm and-0.074 mm, the three materials with different particle sizes are respectively fed into a shaking table to obtain shaking table concentrate and shaking table tailings, the shaking table concentrate is subjected to thickening, filtering and dewatering treatment to obtain a manganese ore product, and the shaking table tailings are fed into a tailing warehouse or are separately treated.
7. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the concentrate of the roughing 1 enters a vibrating screen for screening treatment, and is divided into three products with different grain sizes of-20 to +10mm, -10 to +2mm and-2 mm, the three products with different grain sizes enter a jigger respectively to obtain jigged concentrate and jigged tailings, the jigged concentrate is subjected to gravity dehydration treatment to obtain manganese concentrate, and the jigged tailings enter a tailing pond or are separately treated.
8. The weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the gravity dehydration treatment is performed by using a mechanical vibrating screen or a bucket elevator.
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| CN110639688B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-08-10 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Beneficiation and pre-enrichment method for weathered calcite carbonate type rare earth ore |
| CN111298956B (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-11-24 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Separation method of low-grade fluorite barite paragenic ore rich in calcite |
| CN112570137A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-03-30 | 汕头市国富锆钛实业有限公司 | Beneficiation method for separating zirconite by using grading jigger |
| CN115625045B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-06-14 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | Fine vein dip dyeing type black-white tungsten intergrowth ore separation method |
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| CN1082460A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1994-02-23 | 赣州有色冶金研究所 | A kind of technology that from the ferromanganese slag, reclaims ferromanganese |
| JPH0785897A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-03-31 | Tdk Corp | Method for useddry battery disposal |
| CN203648663U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-18 | 云南文山斗南锰业股份有限公司 | Device for treating manganese-silicon tailings |
| CN107469996A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-15 | 玉溪大红山矿业有限公司 | A kind of low-grade lava magnetic iron ore dry type tailings discarding by preconcentration method |
| CN107999416A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional laser electromagnetic separator |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1082460A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1994-02-23 | 赣州有色冶金研究所 | A kind of technology that from the ferromanganese slag, reclaims ferromanganese |
| JPH0785897A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1995-03-31 | Tdk Corp | Method for useddry battery disposal |
| CN203648663U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-18 | 云南文山斗南锰业股份有限公司 | Device for treating manganese-silicon tailings |
| CN107469996A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-15 | 玉溪大红山矿业有限公司 | A kind of low-grade lava magnetic iron ore dry type tailings discarding by preconcentration method |
| CN107999416A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of three-dimensional laser electromagnetic separator |
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