CN108998588A - A kind of processing method of primate sample hide - Google Patents

Abstract

The processing method of primate skins disclosed in this application, firstly, by immersing and re-immersing the animal skins, as far as possible, the dry skins are softened to fresh skins, the fibers are initially loosened, and the subcutaneous tissue and skin are weakened. The contact with the dermis; then further degreasing to remove the grease in the skin and the dirt on the surface; then pickling and softening to remove the fibrous interstitial and loose collagen fibers; Combining substances that can produce cross-linking and suturing between peptide chains react with collagen to form new and stronger cross-linking between collagen peptide chains, greatly improving the stability of the skin plate mechanism; Water, skin washing and other processes make the skins of primate specimens anti-insect, washable, high temperature resistant, non-deformable, white and easy to color, which in turn improves the quality of the final primate specimens. fidelity and ease of preservation.

Description

A kind of processing method of primate specimen hide

technical field

The application belongs to the technical field of making animal posture specimens, and in particular relates to a processing method of primate specimen hides.

Background technique

The production of primate specimens is a difficult point in the production of animal specimens. For most animal specimens, due to the dense hair cover of the whole body, the skin is basically invisible, so from the perspective of viewing, the impact of skin processing technology on specimen production is relatively small. However, the facial hair of primates is sparse, the skin is exposed and visible, and the quality of the skin treatment can be directly seen. Therefore, in the production of primate specimens, higher requirements are put forward for the treatment of skins.

At present, in the existing animal specimen production technology, the technology of hide treatment is relatively backward. Most of the hide treatment is limited to mechanical flesh removal and a large amount of highly toxic preservatives. easy to save. Therefore, the primate specimens produced based on the existing primate specimen skin processing method have severe deformation and discoloration of the skin, and the faces of primate animals are not covered by hair, so the exposed face looks very ugly. reality.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in this application is to provide a method for processing primate specimen hides, so as to improve the fidelity and easy preservation of the produced primate specimens.

The application discloses a processing method for a primate specimen hide. The processing method of the primate specimen hide sheet of the present application comprises the following steps:

(1) Soaking in water: Put the primate skin into the soaking liquid in the drum for soaking, the soaking temperature is 28-30°C, and the soaking time is 3h-5h; the soaking liquid includes: edible salt, degreasing agent, penetrating agent , formaldehyde and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide;

(2) Elimination treatment: first dry the soaked primate skin, then remove the excess meat on the skin, and only keep the epidermis and dermis;

(3) re-immersion: put the removed primate skins into the immersion solution in the drum for second immersion treatment;

(4) Degreasing: Put the primate hides after reimmersion into the degreasing solution in the drum to degrease, the degreasing temperature is 35-38°C, and the degreasing time is 2-3h; the degreasing solution includes: edible salt , degreasing agent, penetrant, soda ash and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide;

(5) softening and pickling: first dry the degreased primate skins, then put the skins into the softening solution in the drum to soften, the softening temperature is 32-38 °C, and the softening time is 24-48h; The softening solution includes: edible salt, penetrating agent, formic acid, superzyme, fatliquoring agent and water, and the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide;

(6) Tanning: first dry the softened primate skin, then put the skin into the tanning solution in the drum for tanning, the tanning temperature is 35-38°C, and the tanning time is 24-72h; the tanning solution Including: edible salt, formaldehyde, penetrant and water, the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide;

(7) Alkali extraction: Put the tanned primate skins into the alkali extraction solution in the drum to extract alkali, the alkali extraction temperature is 36-38°C, and the alkali extraction time is 8-12h; The solution includes: soda ash, edible salt, formaldehyde, penetrant and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide;

(8) Water control: remove the primate skins treated with alkali extraction from the alkali extraction solution in the drum, let the liquid on the skins drain naturally, and the water control time is 24-30h;

(9) Skin washing: first put the primate skins that have been treated with water control into the skin washing liquid in the drum for cleaning, the cleaning temperature is 38-40 ° C, the cleaning time is 2-3 hours, and then rinse with water for 5- 10 minutes, and dry; the skin washing solution includes: edible salt, degreasing agent, ammonia water and water, and the consumption of water is 10-15 times of the weight of the skin.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein, the content of edible salt in the soaking liquid is: 30g/L-50g/L, the content of degreasing agent is: 2g/L-3g/L, and the infiltration The content of the agent is: 1g/L-3g/L, the content of formaldehyde is: 0.5g/L-1g/L; during the soaking process of the hide, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein, the content of edible salt in the degreasing liquid is: 30g/L-50g/L, the content of degreasing agent is: 3g/L-4g/L, and the infiltration The content of agent is: 0.5g/L-1g/L, the content of soda ash is: 0.5g/L-1g/L; during the degreasing process of hides, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein the content of edible salt in the softening solution is: 30g/L-50g/L, the content of penetrant is: 1g/L-2g/L, formic acid The content of fatliquor is: 2g/L-3g/L, the content of Subo enzyme is: 3g/L-4g/L, the content of fatliquoring agent is: 2g/L-5g/L; Turn for 10-15 minutes every hour.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein the content of edible salt in the tanning solution is: 30g/L-50g/L, the content of formaldehyde is: 6ml/L-7ml/L, and the penetrant The content is: 1g/L-2g/L; during the hide tanning process, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein the content of soda ash in the lye extracting solution is: 4g/L-8g/L, the content of edible salt is: 30g/L-50g/L, formaldehyde The content of the penetrating agent is: 6ml/L-7ml/L, and the content of the penetrating agent is: 1g/L-2g/L; during the alkali extraction process, the drum rotates for 15-20 minutes per hour.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein the content of edible salt in the skin washing solution is: 30g/L-50g/L, the content of degreasing agent is: 1g/L-3g/L, The content of ammonia water is: 2g/L-3g/L; during the hide cleaning process, the drum rotates for 20-30 minutes per hour.

The above-mentioned processing method of primate specimen hides, wherein the used degreasing agent, penetrating agent, superzyme, fatliquoring agent, feeling agent and brightening agent are produced by Hongbo Chemical.

The processing method of the primate specimen skin sheet provided by the invention has the following advantages:

1. The processed hides are easy to preserve (anti-insect, washable, high temperature resistant).

2. The processed skin is not deformed, the skin board is white, easy to color, and the image of the primate specimen produced is lifelike.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the primate specimen figure that is made based on traditional hide processing method;

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a primate specimen made based on the processing method of a primate specimen skin sheet provided by the present application.

Detailed ways

The implementation of this application will be described in detail below with examples, so as to fully understand and implement the implementation process of how to apply technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects in this application.

The processing method of the primate specimen hide in the embodiment of the present application includes the following contents.

(1) Soaking in water: Put the primate skin into the soaking liquid in the drum for soaking, the soaking temperature is 28-30°C, and the soaking time is 3h-5h; the soaking liquid includes: edible salt, degreasing agent, penetrating agent , formaldehyde and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide.

The function of water immersion and re-immersion is to soften the dry skin to a fresh skin-like body as much as possible, loosen the fibers initially, weaken the connection between the subcutaneous tissue and the dermis, and create conditions for fleshing or peeling.

The immersion is carried out in the drum, which is a professional equipment for fur processing. The function of the drum is to control the temperature of the impregnating liquid, and it can be rotated to provide appropriate mechanical beating for the hides. During the soaking process, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour.

Soak the primate hides with soaking solution at 28-30°C for 3h-5h; the soaking solution contains 30g-50g edible salt, 2g-3g Hongbo degreasing agent, 1g per 1L of soaking solution - 3g Hongbo penetrant, 0.5g-1g formaldehyde, the balance is water, the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; then dry the soaked primate hide before proceeding to the next step.

(2) Removal treatment: firstly dry the soaked primate hide, then remove excess meat on the hide, and only keep the epidermis and dermis.

Use a scalpel or other tools to remove excess flesh on the skin, leaving only the epidermis and dermis, and then proceed to the next step.

(3) Re-immersion in water: put the removed primate skins into the immersion solution in the drum for second immersion treatment.

The re-immersion process and function are the same as the immersion, and then enter the next step. The soaking and re-immersing process can soften the dry skin to a fresh skin-like body as much as possible, loosen the fibers initially, weaken the connection between the subcutaneous tissue and the dermis, and create conditions for fleshing or peeling.

(4) Degreasing: Put the primate hides after reimmersion into the degreasing solution in the drum to degrease, the degreasing temperature is 35-38°C, and the degreasing time is 2-3h; the degreasing solution includes: edible salt , degreasing agent, penetrating agent, soda ash and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide.

The degreasing process can remove the grease in the skin board and the dirt on the surface. Degreasing takes place in a drum. Use the degreasing solution to degrease the primate hides after re-immersion in step (3) at a temperature of 35-38°C. The degreasing time is 2-3h, and the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour; wherein, the degreasing solution is 1L The soaking solution contains 30g-50g edible salt, 3g-4g Hongbo degreasing agent, 2g-3g Hongbo penetrating agent, 0.5g-1g soda ash, and the balance is water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; then Spin dry and proceed to the next step.

(5) softening and pickling: first dry the degreased primate skins, then put the skins into the softening solution in the drum to soften, the softening temperature is 32-38 °C, and the softening time is 24-48h; The softening solution includes: edible salt, osmotic agent, formic acid, superzyme, fatliquoring agent and water, and the consumption of water is 10-15 times of the weight of the hide.

The pickling and softening process can remove the fibrous interstitium and loosen the collagen fibers; destroy the elastic fibers and muscle tissue in the skin to make the skin soft; decompose the fat tissue in the skin, adjust the pH value of the skin fiber, and create conditions for tanning penetration . The softening pickling is carried out in the drum, and the softening liquid is used to soften the primate skin at a temperature of 32-38 ° C. The softening time is 24-48 hours, and the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour; wherein, the softening liquid is 1L soaking liquid contains 30g-50g edible salt, 1g-2g Hongbo penetrant, 2g-3g formic acid, 3g-4g Hongbo Subo enzyme, 2g-5g Hongbo fatliquoring agent, and the balance is water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; then spin dry, and then go to the next step.

(6) Tanning: first dry the softened primate skin, then put the skin into the tanning solution in the drum for tanning, the tanning temperature is 35-38°C, and the tanning time is 24-72h; the tanning solution Including: edible salt, formaldehyde, penetrating agent and water, the consumption of water is 10-15 times of the weight of the hide.

The tanning process is to use substances (tanning agents) that can combine with skin collagen and produce cross-linking and suturing between peptide chains to react with collagen to form new and stronger cross-links between collagen peptide chains, making the skin plate mechanism The stability of the product is greatly improved, and the raw hide is transformed into a mature hide. Tanning is carried out in a drum, using tanning solution to tan primate skins at a temperature of 35-38°C, the tanning time is 24h-72h, and the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour; wherein, the tanning solution is impregnated per 1L The liquid contains 30g-50g edible salt, 6-7ml formaldehyde, 1g-2g Hongbo penetrant, and the balance is water. The amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; then go to the next step.

(7) Alkali extraction: Put the tanned primate skins into the alkali extraction solution in the drum to extract alkali, the alkali extraction temperature is 36-38°C, and the alkali extraction time is 8-12h; The solution includes: soda ash, edible salt, formaldehyde, penetrant and water, and the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide.

Alkali extraction is also carried out in the drum, add soda ash to the tanning solution in the previous step, add 4-8g soda ash to each liter of tanning solution, temperature 36-38°C, rotate for 15-20 minutes per hour, time 8-12h, and then enter Next step.

(8) Water control: The primate skins treated with alkali extraction are taken out from the alkali extraction solution in the drum, and the liquid on the skins is allowed to drain naturally, and the water control time is 24-30 hours.

When controlling the water, the skin is usually fished out and placed on a wooden board to allow the liquid on the skin to drain naturally for 24-30 hours, and then proceed to the next step.

(9) Skin washing: first put the primate skins that have been treated with water control into the skin washing liquid in the drum for cleaning, the cleaning temperature is 38-40 ° C, the cleaning time is 2-3 hours, and then rinse with water for 5- 10 minutes, and dry; the skin washing solution includes: edible salt, degreasing agent, ammonia water and water, and the consumption of water is 10-15 times of the weight of the skin.

The skin washing is carried out in the drum, the temperature is 38-40°C, the time is 2-3 hours, and the drum rotates for 20-30 minutes per hour; the skin washing liquid contains 30g-50g edible salt, 1g-3g macro Bo degreasing agent, 2g-3g ammonia water, the balance is water, the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; after the end, the hide is rinsed with water for 5-10 minutes, and then dried.

After the above-mentioned treatment is performed on the skin of the primate specimen, in a specific application, the skin can be further dyed, and the step (10) can be entered.

(10) Neutralization: first put the primate hides that have been washed into the neutralizing solution in the drum for neutralization, the neutralization temperature is 35-38°C, the neutralization time is 12-24h, and then shake dry; the neutralizing solution includes: edible salt, ammonium alum, fatliquor and water, and the consumption of water is 10-15 times of the weight of the hide.

Neutralization takes place in a drum. Neutralize the hides with a neutralizing solution at a temperature of 35-38°C, the neutralization time is 12-24 hours, and the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour; the neutralizing solution contains 30g-50g per 1L of the neutralizing solution Edible salt, 20g-25g ammonium alum, 2g-3g Hongbo fatliquoring agent, the balance is water, and the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; then dry it and go to the next step.

(11) Put the neutralized primate hide in a cool place for 4-5 hours, dry in the shade, then brush the fatliquor on the leather surface, let it stand for 12-24 hours, and put it into a wooden drum.

Steps (1)-(10) are a process of performing wet treatment on the primate specimen hide, and steps (11)-(15) are a process of performing dry treatment on the primate specimen hide. Dry the leather sheet prepared in step (10) in the shade for 4-5 hours; then brush the Hongbo fatliquoring agent on the leather surface, let it stand for 12-24 hours, and then proceed to the next step.

(12) Add wood chaff in the wooden drum, the weight of the wood chaff is 2 times of the weight of the hide, and the wooden drum is rotated for 2 hours.

The wooden drum is a special equipment for fur processing, which can be used for fur dry cleaning, brightening agent, breaking soft hides, etc.

(13) The primate hide is taken out from the wooden drum, put into the tumbler, and the tumbler is rotated for 20 minutes.

The tumbler is a special equipment for fur processing, which can be used to remove the wood chaff on the hides, break the soft hides, etc.

(14) Take out the primate skin from the tumbler, put it into the wooden drum, add wood bran, feel agent and brightener in the wooden drum; the weight of the added wood bran is 2 times of the weight of the skin, the hand feel The amount of brightener and brightener is 100-200ml respectively, and the wooden drum is rotated for 2-3 hours.

(15) Take out the primate hides from the wooden drum, put them into the tumbler, and rotate the tumbler to make it rotate for 2-3 hours.

Put the hide into the tumbler cage, turn it for 2-3h, and get the final product.

Figure 1 is a drawing of a primate specimen made based on a traditional hide treatment method. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the face of the fabricated animal specimen (taking macaque as an example) is distorted and unreal.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a primate specimen made based on the processing method of a primate specimen skin sheet provided by the present application. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the face of the fabricated animal specimen (taking macaque as an example) is real and lifelike.

It should be noted that there are many manufacturers of special chemical materials for fur processing. The main chemical raw materials used in the above-mentioned steps in the embodiment of this application all come from Hongbo Chemical, such as Hongbo degreasing agent, Hongbo penetrating agent, Hongbo Fatliquoring agent, etc., if using chemical materials from other manufacturers, the specific dosage needs to be fine-tuned through experiments. Because of the same chemical raw material (such as degreasing agent, penetrating agent, etc.), the formulations of different manufacturers are different.

The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as mentioned above, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various Various other combinations, modifications, and changes can be made through the above teachings or technologies or knowledge in related fields within the scope of the concept of the present application. However, modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application, and should all be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. a processing method of a primate specimen hide, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) Soaking in water: Put the primate skin into the soaking liquid in the drum for soaking, the soaking temperature is 28-30°C, and the soaking time is 3h-5h; the soaking liquid includes: edible salt, degreasing agent, penetrating agent , formaldehyde and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; (2) Elimination treatment: first dry the soaked primate skin, then remove the excess meat on the skin, and only keep the epidermis and dermis; (3) re-immersion: put the removed primate skins into the immersion solution in the drum for second immersion treatment; (4) Degreasing: Put the primate hides after reimmersion into the degreasing solution in the drum to degrease, the degreasing temperature is 35-38°C, and the degreasing time is 2-3h; the degreasing solution includes: edible salt , degreasing agent, penetrant, soda ash and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; (5) softening and pickling: first dry the degreased primate skins, then put the skins into the softening solution in the drum to soften, the softening temperature is 32-38 °C, and the softening time is 24-48h; The softening solution includes: edible salt, penetrating agent, formic acid, superzyme, fatliquoring agent and water, and the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; (6) Tanning: first dry the softened primate skin, then put the skin into the tanning solution in the drum for tanning, the tanning temperature is 35-38°C, and the tanning time is 24-72h; the tanning solution Including: edible salt, formaldehyde, penetrant and water, the amount of water used is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; (7) Alkali extraction: Put the tanned primate skins into the alkali extraction solution in the drum to extract alkali, the alkali extraction temperature is 36-38°C, and the alkali extraction time is 8-12h; The solution includes: soda ash, edible salt, formaldehyde, penetrant and water, the amount of water is 10-15 times the weight of the hide; (8) Water control: remove the primate skins treated with alkali extraction from the alkali extraction solution in the drum, let the liquid on the skins drain naturally, and the water control time is 24-30h; (9) Skin washing: first put the primate skins that have been treated with water control into the skin washing liquid in the drum for cleaning, the cleaning temperature is 38-40 ° C, the cleaning time is 2-3 hours, and then rinse with water for 5- 10 minutes, and dry; the skin washing solution includes: edible salt, degreasing agent, ammonia water and water, and the consumption of water is 10-15 times of the weight of the skin. 2. the processing method of primate specimen hide sheet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of edible salt in the described soaking liquid is: 30g/L-50g/L, and the content of degreasing agent is: 2g/L L-3g/L, the content of penetrant: 1g/L-3g/L, the content of formaldehyde: 0.5g/L-1g/L; during the soaking process of hides, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour. 3. the processing method of primate specimen skin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of edible salt is in the described degreasing liquid: 30g/L-50g/L, and the content of degreasing agent is: 3g/L L-4g/L, the content of penetrant: 0.5g/L-1g/L, the content of soda ash: 0.5g/L-1g/L; during the degreasing process of hides, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour . 4. the processing method of primate specimen hide sheet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of edible salt in described softening liquid is: 30g/L-50g/L, and the content of penetrant is: 1g/L L-2g/L, the content of formic acid: 2g/L-3g/L, the content of Subo enzyme: 3g/L-4g/L, the content of fatliquor: 2g/L-5g/L; During the softening process of the skin, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour. 5. the processing method of primate specimen skin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of edible salt in the described tanning liquid is: 30g/L-50g/L, and the content of formaldehyde is: 6ml/L -7ml/L, the content of penetrating agent is: 1g/L-2g/L; during the tanning process of hides, the drum rotates for 10-15 minutes per hour. 6. the processing method of primate specimen skin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of soda ash in the described lye extraction is: 4g/L-8g/L, and the content of edible salt is: 30g/L L-50g/L, the content of formaldehyde: 6ml/L-7ml/L, the content of penetrant: 1g/L-2g/L; during the alkali extraction process, the drum rotates for 15-20 minutes per hour. 7. the processing method of primate specimen skin as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the content of edible salt is: 30g/L-50g/L in the described skin washing liquid, and the content of degreasing agent is: 1g /L-3g/L, the content of ammonia water is: 2g/L-3g/L; during the process of hide cleaning, the drum rotates for 20-30 minutes per hour. 8. the processing method of primate specimen hide as described in any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, used degreasing agent, penetrating agent, prime wave enzyme, fatliquoring agent, feel agent and brightening agent produce From Hongbo Chemical.