CN108973113B - 3D printing device without support and printing method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing device without support and printing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108973113B CN108973113B CN201811174606.1A CN201811174606A CN108973113B CN 108973113 B CN108973113 B CN 108973113B CN 201811174606 A CN201811174606 A CN 201811174606A CN 108973113 B CN108973113 B CN 108973113B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a 3D printing device without support and a printing method thereof, wherein the printing device uses four upright posts and a rectangular structure at the bottom as support, a support post is arranged in the middle of the upright posts, a workbench guide rod is arranged on the support post, a first workbench is rotationally connected to the workbench guide rod, a second workbench is positioned on the workbench guide rod, two parallel sliding lead screws are arranged on the four upright posts, the sliding lead screws are slidably connected with a movable sliding block, a sliding lead screw and a sliding block are connected between the two movable sliding blocks, and a 3D printing nozzle and a heat source end part are arranged on the sliding block; the printing device can directly print a suspended structure without adding a support, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, improves the surface quality of a printed piece, and shortens the printing time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a 3D printing device without support and a printing method thereof.
Background
The 3D printing process is to divide the part into a plurality of layers, the entity is manufactured by layering and stacking materials, the existing 3D printing is layered in the direction vertical to the working table, the working table is fixed and horizontal, then the materials are stacked layer by layer in parallel in sequence to form a product, the layered stacking characteristic determines that a certain supporting material is required to be stacked for the part with a suspension structure in the manufacturing process as a support to print the product, otherwise, the product material does not have a support with enough strength, the product cannot be stacked layer by layer in suspension for printing, if the part shape is more complex, a lot of supporting materials are required in one-step printing process, waste is caused, the product cost is increased, meanwhile, the surface quality of the model surface in contact with the supporting material is generally poor, and the higher precision requirement is difficult to achieve.
The existing common support adding method mainly comprises two methods of realizing manual adding and automatic software generation through the function of software; manual support addition requires technicians to manually draw a support structure for the suspended structure by using modeling software, so that the requirements on the technicians are high, the manually added support is not reliable enough, and the technicians need to perform one-to-one independent treatment on different parts, so that time and labor are wasted; the automatic generation of the support by software often has the problems that a large amount of calculation is needed by a system, the cost of raw materials consumed by a support mechanism is not low, and the condition that the quality of the contact surface between the model and the support is not ideal when the support and the model are separated after the part is manufactured is also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a 3D printing device without support and a printing method thereof, solves the problem that a support structure needs to be added in the prior art when a suspended structure is printed, saves a large amount of support materials, manpower and material resources, improves the surface quality of a 3D printing model, and shortens the 3D printing time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the 3D printing device without support has a rectangular bottom structure, four corners of the rectangular structure are respectively fixed with an upright post through L-shaped connecting pieces, an upright post protective sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the upright post, a sliding lead screw b is connected between the upright post a and the upright post D, a material wire wheel is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upright post D, a sliding lead screw a is arranged between the upright post b and the upright post c, a servo motor a is arranged on one side of the upright post b opposite to the sliding lead screw a, and the sliding lead screw a and the sliding lead screw b are parallel and parallel to the rectangular structure; a moving slide block c is movably connected to the sliding lead screw a, a moving slide block b is movably connected to the sliding lead screw b, the moving slide block c is connected with the moving slide block b through the sliding lead screw c, a conveyor belt is further arranged between the moving slide block c and the moving slide block b, a conveyor belt pulley column is further arranged on the outer side of the moving slide block b, the conveyor belt is placed, a servo motor support frame and a servo motor b are arranged on the outer side of the moving slide block c, and the sliding lead screw c is parallel to the conveyor belt and parallel to the rectangular structure;
the sliding screw c and the conveying belt are sleeved with a sliding block, one side of the sliding block is provided with a heat source end part, the heat source end part is connected with one end of the material wire, the other end of the material wire is wound on the material wire wheel, the heat source end part melts the material wire and then is sprayed on the second workbench by using a 3D printing nozzle, and the 3D printing nozzle is connected below the heat source end part; the other side of the sliding block is sequentially provided with a motor box and a surface heating device, and the motor box provides a heat source for the surface heating device; the surface heating device consists of a heating coil, a power supply port and a power supply line, and is connected with a power supply for heating through the power supply line connected to the power supply port;
a sliding block guide rail a is arranged between the upright post a and the upright post b, a post cap is arranged at the top end of the sliding block guide rail a, a sliding block guide rail b is arranged between the upright post c and the upright post d, the sliding block guide rail a and the sliding block guide rail b are parallel to the upright post direction, a moving sliding block a is respectively arranged in the sliding block guide rail a and the sliding block guide rail b, a workbench guide rod is connected between the two moving sliding blocks a and is parallel to a rectangular structure, the first workbench is rotationally connected to the workbench guide rod, the second workbench is rotationally connected to the first workbench, one side of the joint of the first workbench and the second workbench is fixed by an end cap, and the other side of the joint of the first; a supporting frame is fixed at the top end of the sliding block guide rail b, a servo motor c is arranged on the supporting frame, and the joint of the workbench guide rod and the first workbench is vertically intersected with the joint of the first workbench and the second workbench.
Furthermore, the 3D printing nozzle can move in a two-dimensional plane, the intersection point of the upright post D and the rectangular structure is used as an original point, the upright post D is a Z axis, the direction of the upright post D → the direction of the upright post c is a Y axis, the direction of the upright post D → the direction of the upright post a is an X axis, the slider drives the heat source end part and the 3D printing nozzle to move on the sliding lead screw c along the Y axis direction, the moving slider b indirectly drives the heat source end part and the 3D printing nozzle to move on the sliding lead screw a and the sliding lead screw b along the X axis, and one side of the upright post b opposite to the sliding lead.
Furthermore, a servo motor a, a servo motor b, a servo motor C and a servo motor D are controlled by a circuit, wherein a main controller selects a microprocessor with the model number of AT89C51, the main controller is connected with a pull-up resistor and an LCD display, a P2 port of the main controller is connected with a plurality of keys one by one, the keys are used for controlling the opening and closing of the servo motor a, the servo motor b, the servo motor C and the servo motor D, the main controller, a latch and an integrated circuit chip form a closed circuit, the model number of the integrated circuit chip is 8255A, a PA port of the 8255A chip, a PB 0-PB 3 port are connected with a A, B, C port of a decoder, the output of the decoder is connected with the input of a driver, the driver controls the servo motor a, the servo motor b, the servo motor C and the servo motor D, the positions and angles of a second workbench, a 3D printing nozzle and a surface heating device are adjusted, digital temperature sensors are used to control the temperature of the surface heating device.
Further, the LCD display is model LM016L, the pull-up resistor is model RESPACK-8, the latch is model 74LS373, the digital temperature sensor is model DS18B20, the driver is model ULN2003A, and the decoder is model 74LS 138.
The printing method of the 3D printing device without support specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: reading an STL model of a part to be printed by 3D printing software, and traversing all triangular patches forming the part;
step 2: taking the horizontal direction as the initial layering direction, solving each layer of printing contour of the part by a method of intersecting a horizontal plane and a part STL data model, and judging whether the part has a cantilever structure or not by comparing the front layer contour with the rear layer contour;
and step 3: starting a servo motor a, a servo motor b, a servo motor c, a servo motor D and a heat source end part, controlling the relative positions and the movement of a second workbench and the 3D printing nozzle, heating and melting a material wire by the heat source end part, temporarily placing the cantilever structure, and printing a part which can be directly stacked and formed in a horizontal layering mode;
and 4, step 4: and (4) rotating the workbench, adjusting the second workbench to a position vertical to the cantilever structure, layering the cantilever structure by using a horizontal plane, solving a contour line, printing layer by layer, stacking from bottom to top to form the cantilever structure, and repeating the step (4) until the printing of the part is finished.
Further, the material wire in step 3 is a plastic wire.
Further, the heating temperature of the heat source end part in step 3 is lower than 300 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problem that a supporting structure needs to be added to a 3D printing suspension structure in the prior art is solved, and supporting materials are saved; 3D printing time is shortened, and cost is saved; the surface quality at the support structure is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a 3D printing apparatus without support.
Fig. 2 is a view showing a structure of a painting movement.
Fig. 3 is a three-axis table structure view.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a three-axis table.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of the surface heating apparatus.
Fig. 6 is a 3D printing flowchart.
Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a 3D printed part.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an internal circuit of the 3D printing apparatus without support.
In the figure, 1, an upright a, 2, an upright b, 3, an upright c, 4, an upright D, 5, a sliding block guide rail a, 6, a sliding block guide rail b, 7, an upright protective sleeve, 8, a support cover cap, 9, a sliding lead screw a, 10, a servo motor a, 11, a moving sliding block a, 12, a workbench guide rod, 13, an L-shaped connecting piece, 14, a first workbench, 15, a second workbench, 16, a servo motor support frame, 17, a conveyor belt, 171, a conveyor belt wheel column, 18.3D printing spray head, 19, a material wire wheel, 20, a heat source end part, 21, a moving sliding block b, 22, a surface heating device, 221, a power wire, 222, a power supply port, 223, a heating coil, 23, a material wire, 24, a sliding lead screw b, 25, a sliding lead screw c, 26, a support frame, 27, a motor box, 28, an end cap, 29, a moving sliding block c, 30, a servo motor b, 31, a servo motor, 32. servo motor d, 33, LCD display, 34, pull-up resistor, 35, latch, 36, main controller, 37, key, 38, IC chip, 39, digital temperature sensor, 40, decoder, 41, driver.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a 3D printing device without support, the structure is shown in figure 1, the bottom of the device is a rectangular structure, four corners of the rectangular structure are respectively fixed with an upright post through L-shaped connecting pieces 13, the upper end of the upright post is provided with an upright post protective sleeve 7, the middles of an upright post a1 and an upright post D4 are connected with a sliding lead screw b24, the outer side of an upright post D4 is fixedly connected with a material wire wheel 19, the middles of an upright post b2 and an upright post c3 are provided with a sliding lead screw a9, one side of an upright post b2 opposite to the sliding lead screw a9 is provided with a servo motor a10, and the sliding lead screw a9 and the sliding lead screw b24 are; a moving slide block c29 is movably connected to the sliding lead screw a9, a moving slide block b21 is movably connected to the sliding lead screw b24, the moving slide block c29 is connected with the moving slide block b21 through a sliding lead screw c25, a conveyor belt 17 is further arranged between the moving slide block c29 and the moving slide block b21, a conveyor belt pulley column 171 is further arranged on the outer side of the moving slide block b21 and used for placing the conveyor belt 17, a servo motor support frame 16 and a servo motor b30 are mounted on the outer side of the moving slide block c29, and the sliding lead screw c25 is parallel to the conveyor belt 17 and is parallel to a rectangular structure.
As shown in fig. 2, a sliding block is sleeved on the sliding lead screw c25 and the conveyor belt 17, a heat source end part 20 is arranged on one side of the sliding block, the heat source end part 20 is connected with one end of the material wire 23, the other end of the material wire 23 is wound on the material wire wheel 19, the heat source end part 20 melts the material wire 23 and then sprays the material wire onto the second workbench 15 by using the 3D printing nozzle 18, and the 3D printing nozzle 18 is connected below the heat source end part 20; the other side of the sliding block is sequentially provided with a motor box 27 and a surface heating device 22, the motor box 27 provides a heat source for the surface heating device 22, and the surface heating device 22 increases the temperature of the printed part and enhances the bonding force of the printed part; the surface heating apparatus 22 is constituted as shown in FIG. 5, and includes a heating coil 223, a power supply port 222, and a power supply line 221, and is connected to the power supply port 222 via the power supply line 221 to perform heating.
A slide block guide rail a5 is arranged between the upright a1 and the upright b2, a strut cover cap 8 is arranged at the top end of the slide block guide rail a5, a slide block guide rail b6 is arranged between the upright c3 and the upright d4, as shown in fig. 3, the slide block guide rail a5 and the slide block guide rail b6 are parallel to the upright direction, a movable slide block a11 is respectively arranged in the slide block guide rail a5 and the slide block guide rail b6, a workbench guide rod 12 is connected between the two movable slide blocks a11, the workbench guide rod 12 is parallel to the rectangular structure, the first workbench 14 is rotatably connected to the workbench guide rod 12, the second workbench 15 is rotatably connected to the first workbench 14 for supporting printed parts, one side of the connection between the first workbench 14 and the second workbench 15 is fixed by an end cap 28, the other side is provided with a servo motor d32 for controlling the position of the workbench, a support frame 26 and a servo motor c31 are fixed at the top end of the, the joint of the worktable guide rod 12 and the first worktable 14 is vertically crossed with the joint of the first worktable 14 and the second worktable 15, as shown in fig. 4.
The 3D printing device without support, the 3D printing nozzle 18 can move in a two-dimensional plane, the intersection point of the upright post D4 and a rectangular structure is taken as an original point, the upright post D4 is a Z axis, the direction of the upright post D4 → the direction of the upright post c3 is a Y axis, the direction of the upright post D4 → the upright post a1 is an X axis, the slider drives the heat source end component 20 and the 3D printing nozzle 18 to move on the sliding lead screw c25 along the Y axis direction, the moving slider b21 indirectly drives the heat source end component 20 and the 3D printing nozzle 18 to move on the sliding lead screw a9 and the sliding lead screw b24 along the X axis, the servo motor a10 is connected to one side of the upright post b2 opposite to the sliding lead screw a9, and the movement of the 3D printing nozzle 18 can be accurately controlled.
The 3D printing device without support is provided with a rotatable workbench, a workbench guide rod 12 is rotatably connected with a first workbench 14, the first workbench 14 is rotatably connected with a second workbench 15, and the joint of the first workbench 14 and the second workbench 15 is fixed by an end cap 28; can adjust the angle of second workstation 15 through control workstation guide arm 12 and first workstation 14, through the removal slider a11 at workstation guide arm 12 both ends, can also control workstation guide arm 12 and reciprocate along slider guide rail a5 and slider guide rail b6 for the working range of 3D printing is wider, control is more accurate.
In the 3D printing apparatus without support, a circuit module diagram for controlling the servo motor a10, the servo motor b30, the servo motor C31 and the servo motor D32 is shown in fig. 8, wherein the main controller 36 selects a microprocessor with a model of AT89C51, the main controller 36 is connected with a crystal oscillator circuit, the main controller 36 is connected with a pull-up resistor 34 and an LCD display 33, the LCD display 33 is used for displaying the working state of each servo motor, the P2 port of the main controller 36 is connected with a plurality of keys 37 one by one, the keys 37 are used for controlling the opening and closing of the servo motor a10, the servo motor b30, the servo motor C31 and the servo motor D32, the main controller 36, the latch 35 and the integrated circuit chip 38 form a closed circuit, the latch 35 is used for temporarily storing the operation data of the main controller 36 to maintain the operation of the integrated circuit chip 38, and the integrated circuit chip 38 selects the PA port of the model 8255A, a chip, Ports PB0 to PB3 are connected to a port A, B, C of 74LS138 serving as the decoder 40, an output of the decoder 40 is connected to an input of the driver 41, and the driver 41 controls the servo motor a10, the servo motor b30, the servo motor c31, and the servo motor D32 to adjust the positions and angles of the second table 15, the 3D printing head 18, and the surface heating device 22, thereby performing 3D printing; the digital temperature sensor 39 is used to control the temperature of the surface heating means 22 to provide better heating of the material filament 23 and printed parts to improve print quality.
The model of the LCD display 33 is LM016L, the model of the pull-up resistor 34 is RESPACK-8, the model of the latch 35 is 74LS373, the model of the digital temperature sensor 39 is DS18B20, and the model of the driver 41 is ULN 2003A.
The printing method of the support-free 3D printing device has a flow as shown in fig. 6, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: reading an STL model of a part to be printed by 3D printing software, and traversing all triangular patches forming the part;
step 2: taking the horizontal direction as the initial layering direction, solving each layer of printing contour of the part by a method of intersecting a horizontal plane and a part STL data model, and judging whether the part has a cantilever structure or not by comparing the front layer contour with the rear layer contour;
and step 3: starting a servo motor a10, a servo motor b30, a servo motor c31, a servo motor D32 and a heat source end component 20, controlling the relative position and movement of the second workbench 15 and the 3D printing nozzle 18, heating and melting a material wire 23 by the heat source end component 20, temporarily placing the cantilever structure, and printing a part which can be directly stacked and molded in a horizontal layering mode;
and 4, step 4: rotating the worktable, adjusting the second worktable 15 to a position perpendicular to the cantilever structure, layering the cantilever structure with a horizontal plane and obtaining a contour line, printing layer by layer, stacking from bottom to top to form the cantilever structure, repeating the step 4 until the printing of the part is completed, and the vertical cross-sectional view of the part is shown in fig. 7.
Wherein the material wire 23 used in the step 3 is a plastic wire, and the heating temperature of the heat source end part 20 is lower than 300 ℃.
When the cantilever structure is printed in the step 4, the surface heating device 22 is started to be close to the surface of the structure to be stacked of the cantilever structure, and the structure is heated, so that the viscosity of the surface of the stacked structure is enhanced, and the bonding force between the cantilever structure and the structure to be stacked is improved.
It is to be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The 3D printing device without support is characterized in that the bottom of the device is of a rectangular structure, four corners of the rectangular structure are respectively fixed with an upright post through L-shaped connecting pieces (13), an upright post protective sleeve (7) is arranged at the upper end of the upright post, a sliding lead screw b (24) is connected between the upright post a (1) and the upright post D (4), a material wire wheel (19) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upright post D (4), a sliding lead screw a (9) is arranged between the upright post b (2) and the upright post c (3), a servo motor a (10) is arranged on one side of the upright post b (2) opposite to the sliding lead screw a (9), and the sliding lead screw a (9) and the sliding lead screw b (24) are parallel and parallel to the rectangular structure; a moving slide block c (29) is movably connected to the sliding lead screw a (9), a moving slide block b (21) is movably connected to the sliding lead screw b (24), the moving slide block c (29) is connected with the moving slide block b (21) through a sliding lead screw c (25), a conveyor belt (17) is further arranged between the moving slide block c (29) and the moving slide block b (21), a conveyor belt pulley column (171) is further arranged on the outer side of the moving slide block b (21), a servo motor support frame (16) and a servo motor b (30) are mounted on the outer side of the moving slide block c (29), and the sliding lead screw c (25) is parallel to the conveyor belt (17) and is parallel to the rectangular structure;
the sliding screw c (25) and the conveyor belt (17) are sleeved with a sliding block, one side of the sliding block is provided with a heat source end part (20), the heat source end part (20) is connected with one end of a material wire (23), the other end of the material wire (23) is wound on a material wire wheel (19), the heat source end part (20) melts the material wire (23) and then is sprayed on a second workbench (15) by using a 3D printing spray head (18), and the 3D printing spray head (18) is connected below the heat source end part (20); the other side of the sliding block is sequentially provided with a motor box (27) and a surface heating device (22), and the motor box (27) provides a heat source for the surface heating device (22); a heating coil (223) of the surface heating device (22) which is connected with the motor box (27) for heating through a power line (221) connected with the power port (222);
a sliding block guide rail a (5) is arranged between the upright a (1) and the upright b (2), a support column cover cap (8) is arranged at the top end of the sliding block guide rail a (5), a sliding block guide rail b (6) is arranged between the upright c (3) and the upright d (4), the sliding block guide rail a (5) and the sliding block guide rail b (6) are parallel to the upright direction, a moving sliding block a (11) is respectively arranged in the sliding block guide rail a (5) and the sliding block guide rail b (6), a workbench guide rod (12) is connected between the two moving sliding blocks a (11), the workbench guide rod (12) is parallel to the rectangular structure, the first workbench (14) is rotatably connected to the workbench guide rod (12), the second workbench (15) is rotatably connected to the first workbench (14), one side of the joint of the first workbench (14) and the second workbench (15) is fixed by an end cap (28), and the other side of the joint of the first workbench (14) and; a support frame (26) is fixed at the top end of the sliding block guide rail b (6), a servo motor c (31) is arranged on the support frame (26), and the joint of the workbench guide rod (12) and the first workbench (14) is vertically intersected with the joint of the first workbench (14) and the second workbench (15);
the servo motor a (10), the servo motor b (30), the servo motor C (31) and the servo motor d (32) are controlled by a circuit, wherein a microprocessor with the model of AT89C51 is selected as the main controller (36), the main controller (36) is connected with the pull-up resistor (34) and the LCD display (33), a P2 port of the main controller (36) is connected with a plurality of keys (37) one by one, the keys (37) are used for controlling the opening and closing of the servo motor a (10), the servo motor b (30), the servo motor C (31) and the servo motor d (32), the main controller (36), the latch (35) and the integrated circuit chip (38) form a closed circuit, the PA port and the PB 0-3 ports of the PB 55A chip and the PB0 port of the PB 8255A chip which are selected as the integrated circuit chip (38) are connected with a A, B, C port of the decoder (40), the output of the decoder (40) is connected with the input of the driver (41), the driver (41) controls the servo motor a (10), the servo motor b (30), the servo motor c (31) and the servo motor D (32) to adjust the positions and the angles of the second workbench (15), the 3D printing spray head (18) and the surface heating device (22), and the digital temperature sensor (39) is used for controlling the temperature of the surface heating device (22).
2. The unsupported 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing nozzle (18) can move in a two-dimensional plane, with an intersection point of the upright D (4) and the rectangular structure as an origin, the upright D (4) as a Z axis, an upright D (4) → direction of the upright c (3) as a Y axis, and an upright D (4) → direction of the upright a (1) as an X axis, the slider drives the heat source end part (20) and the 3D printing nozzle (18) to move on the sliding lead screw c (25) along the Y axis, the moving slider b (21) indirectly drives the heat source end part (20) and the 3D printing nozzle (18) to move on the sliding lead screw a (9) and the sliding lead screw b (24) along the X axis, and a servo motor a (10) is connected to a side of the upright b (2) opposite to the sliding lead screw a (9).
3. The unsupported 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the LCD display (33) is of type LM016L, the pull-up resistor (34) is of type RESPACK-8, the latch (35) is of type 74LS373, the digital temperature sensor (39) is of type DS18B20, the driver (41) is of type ULN2003A, and the decoder (40) is of type 74LS 138.
4. The printing method of the unsupported 3D printing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is carried out in particular according to the following steps:
step 1: reading an STL model of a part to be printed by 3D printing software, and traversing all triangular patches forming the part;
step 2: taking the horizontal direction as the initial layering direction, solving each layer of printing contour of the part by a method of intersecting a horizontal plane and a part STL data model, and judging whether the part has a cantilever structure or not by comparing the front layer contour with the rear layer contour;
and step 3: starting a servo motor a (10), a servo motor b (30), a servo motor c (31), a servo motor D (32) and a heat source end part (20), controlling the relative positions and the movement of a second workbench (15) and a 3D printing spray head (18), heating and melting a material wire (23) by the heat source end part (20), temporarily placing a cantilever structure, and printing a part which can be directly stacked and molded in a horizontal layering mode;
and 4, step 4: and (3) rotating the workbench, adjusting the second workbench (15) to a position vertical to the cantilever structure, layering the cantilever structure by using a horizontal plane, solving a contour line, printing layer by layer, stacking from bottom to top to form the cantilever structure, and repeating the step (4) until the printing of the part is finished.
5. Printing method of a support-free 3D printing device according to claim 4, wherein the material wire (23) in step 3 is a plastic wire.
6. Method of printing of a unsupported 3D printing device according to claim 4 characterised in that the heating temperature of the heat source end-piece (20) in step 3 is below 300 ℃.
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| CN110203352A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-06 | 昆明学院 | A kind of lifebuoy in electronic controllable direction |
| CN111496251A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-08-07 | 昆明七零五所科技发展有限责任公司 | Support-free selective metal melting direct forming 3D printing method |
| EP3922460B1 (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2024-05-01 | Faber- Castell AG | Method and device for applying a design to a surface of an element of a writing implement or an accessory for a writing implement by means of 3d printing |
| CN111957963A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-20 | 盐城工学院 | 3D printing device is repaired to car panel beating |
| CN112114122A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 昆明学院 | Characterization method of viscoelastic mechanical property of rubber material |
| CN112172149B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-09-03 | 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for automatically improving printing effect and storage medium |
| CN112936230B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-12-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-robot cooperative integrated manufacturing device and working method thereof |
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| EP3597398A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2020-01-22 | Orange Maker, LLC | 3d printing using spiral buildup |
| CN204712464U (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-10-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Five degree of freedom rapid shaping processing unit (plant) |
| CN205736042U (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-30 | 大连交通大学 | Pellet type polar coordinate surface of revolution 3D printing equipment |
| CN106113512A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 上海大学 | Five-axle linkage 3D print platform |
| CN106239918B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-06-07 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of double shaft 3D printing platforms |
| CN207665905U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-07-31 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of rotary type shaped platform device for 3D printing cake-maker |
| CN108454107A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-28 | 广州大学 | A kind of 3D printing device being applicable in a variety of printing heads |
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