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CN108978913A - 一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房 - Google Patents

一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房 Download PDF

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CN108978913A
CN108978913A CN201810590769.1A CN201810590769A CN108978913A CN 108978913 A CN108978913 A CN 108978913A CN 201810590769 A CN201810590769 A CN 201810590769A CN 108978913 A CN108978913 A CN 108978913A
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sound insulation
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CN108978913B (zh
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刘亚萍
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Xin Xianbo
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Abstract

本发明公开的是一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，主要包括墙体、监护室、病房、厕所，监护室位于病房前方，厕所位于病房后方，监护室、病房与厕所构成长方体结构，监护室、病房、厕所的四周均砌有墙体；墙体包括U形龙骨、贯通龙骨、隔音填充物、隔音板、填充料，U形龙骨共两条并且分别水平安置于墙体内顶部与底部，两条U形龙骨的凹槽面相对，贯通龙骨共若干组，每组贯通龙骨两个，每组的两个贯通龙骨分别竖直安装于墙体前后端面，并且两个贯通龙骨的凹槽面相对，对应安装于U形龙骨左右两端，隔音填充物位于U形龙骨与贯通龙骨内，隔音板安装于U形龙骨与贯通龙骨外；本发明隔音效果好，成本较低，制备方便，应用范围广。

Description

一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房
技术领域
本发明涉及护理病房技术领域，具体是涉及一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房。
背景技术
超破伤风(tetanus)是破伤风梭菌经由皮肤或黏膜伤口侵入人体，在缺氧环境下生长繁殖，产生毒素而引起肌痉挛的一种特异性感染。破伤风毒素主要侵袭神经系统中的运动神经元，因此本病以牙关紧闭、阵发性痉挛、强直性痉挛的为临床特征，主要波及的肌群包括咬肌、背棘肌、腹肌、四肢肌等。破伤风潜伏期通常为7～8天，可短至24小时或长达数月、数年。潜伏期越短者，预后越差。约90％的患者在受伤后2周内发病，偶见患者在摘除体内存留多年的异物后出现破伤风症状。人群普遍易感，且各种类型和大小的创伤都可能被含有破伤风梭菌的土壤或污泥污染，但只有少数患者会发病。在户外活动多的温暖季节，受伤患病者更为常见。患病后无持久免疫力，故可再次感染。
破伤风的主要症状为运动神经系统脱抑制的表现，包括肌强直和肌痉挛。通常最先受影响的肌群是咀嚼肌，随后顺序为面部表情肌，颈、背、腹、四肢肌，最后为膈肌。肌强直的征象为张口困难和牙关紧闭，腹肌坚如板状，颈部强直、头后仰，当背、腹肌同时收缩，因背部肌群较为有力，躯干因而扭曲成弓，形成“角弓反张”或“侧弓反张”。阵发性肌痉挛是在肌强直基础上发生的，且在痉挛间期肌强直持续存在。相应的征象为蹙眉、口角下缩、咧嘴“苦笑”(面肌痉挛)；喉头阻塞、吞咽困难、呛咳(咽肌痉挛)；通气困难、发绀、呼吸骤停(呼吸肌和膈肌痉挛)；尿潴留(膀胱括约肌痉挛)。强烈的肌痉挛，可使肌断裂，甚至发生骨折。患者死亡原因多为窒息、心力衰竭或肺部并发症。
上述发作可因轻微的刺激，如光、声、接触、饮水等而诱发，也可自发。轻型者每日肌痉挛发作不超过3次；重型者发作频发，可数分钟发作一次，甚至呈持续状态。每次发作时间由数秒至数分钟不等。
因此，针对诱发破伤风患者犯病的病因，急需设计一种可以尽量避免外界光、声、接触、饮水等因素对诱发患者发病的住院病房。
发明内容
针对以上技术问题，本发明公开了一种可以有效避免患者与光、声、接触、饮水等因素接触的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房。
本发明的技术方案是：一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，主要包括墙体、监护室、病房、厕所，所述监护室位于所述病房前方，所述厕所位于病房后方，监护室、病房与厕所构成长方体结构，监护室、病房、厕所的四周均砌有墙体；墙体包括U形龙骨、贯通龙骨、隔音填充物、隔音板、填充料，所述U形龙骨共两条并且分别水平安置于墙体内顶部与底部，两条U形龙骨的凹槽面相对，所述贯通龙骨共若干组，每组贯通龙骨两个，每组的两个贯通龙骨分别竖直安装于墙体前后端面，并且两个贯通龙骨的凹槽面相对，对应安装于U形龙骨左右两端，所述隔音填充物位于U行龙骨与贯通龙骨之间所形成的空间内，所述隔音板包覆在U行龙骨与贯通龙骨外周；隔音填充物包括左侧隔音填充物、空隙、右侧隔音填充物，所述左侧隔音填充物与所述右侧隔音填充物结构完全相同，现仅对左侧填充物进行说明，左侧填充物包括连接块、连接槽、凹槽，所述左侧填充物内设有所述凹槽，凹槽位于左侧填充物右侧中部，凹槽的横截面为T字型，并且将左侧填充物右端面分为前后两个突出块，所述连接块共17个，竖直排列于左侧填充物右端面的前方突出块上，所述连接槽共17个，竖直排列与左侧填充物右端面的后方突出块上；左侧填充物上的17个连接块分别镶嵌于右侧填充物上的17个连接槽内，右侧填充物上的17个连接块分别镶嵌于左侧填充物上的17个连接槽内，左侧填充物与右侧填充物的凹槽面相对连接，形成所述空隙；隔音填充物共三层，前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：170～190：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80:700～850：65：53的比例混合制成。
进一步的，所述监护室左侧设有窗口一，并且所述窗口一可以打开，用于医护人员将物品放置或从桌子上拿走。
进一步的，所述病房左侧设有窗口二，并且所述窗口二可以打开，用于患者将物品放置或从桌子上拿走。
进一步的，所述病房内设有完善的通讯系统、网络与临床信息管理系统、广播系统；在患者发病时可以及时通知医护人员并且方便医护人员与患者进行交流。
进一步的，所述窗口二上设有黑色隔光布；患者可以通过拉动黑色隔光布使得室外人员无法看到病房内，保护患者隐私，并且防止光源引发患者破伤风症状。
进一步的，所述病房都设有独立的空气调节系统，并且病房的温度维持在24℃±1.5℃；防止因温度不适诱发患者发病。
进一步的，所述厕所内设有感应式洗手设施和手部消毒装置；方便患者进行日常手部消毒。
进一步的，所述病房内设有保湿净化装置，同时空气净化装置具有保湿模式与空气净化模式；防止病房内空气过于干燥并且可以对病房内的气体进行净化消毒。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明针对诱发破伤风患者犯病的病因，有效的规避了相应的外界干扰因素，保护患者人身安全。
2、本发明的病房的隔音板可以有效吸收噪音，并且具有良好的防水防油性能；同时本发明墙体中的隔音填充物采用多种材料制成，可以吸收与反弹噪音，同时隔音填充物中间形成空气夹层，更一步强化隔音效果。
3、本发明设置了监护室，可以提供患者与外接人员交流，同时病房内设有黑色窗帘，可以防止外界强光对患者产生刺激。
4、本发明结构新颖，可以有效避外界光、声、接触、饮水等因素对患者产生刺激，使得患者发病的可能性，同时具有完善的通讯系统、网络与临床信息管理系统与广播系统，可以完成对患者的实施监护。
附图说明
图1为发明的俯视图；
图2为本发明监护室的主视图；
图3为本发明病房的后视图；
图4为本发明墙体的结构示意图；
图5为本发明墙体A-A截面的示意图；
图6位本发明隔音填充物的立体示意图；
其中，1-墙体、2-监护室、3-病房、4-厕所、101-U形龙骨、102-贯通龙骨、103-隔音填充物、104-隔音板、105-墙缝、106-填缝料、21-窗口一、31-窗口二、1301-左侧隔音填充物、1302-空隙、1303-右侧隔音填充物、13011-连接块、13012-连接槽、13013-凹槽。
具体实施例
为便于对本发明技术方案的理解，下面将结合附图与具体实施例对发明进行进一步的解释说明。
实施例1：
如图1所示的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，主要包括墙体1、监护室2、病房3、厕所4，监护室2位于病房3前方，厕所4位于病房3后方，监护室2、病房3与厕所4构成长方体结构，监护室2、病房3、厕所4的四周均砌有墙体1；如图4、5所示，墙体1包括U形龙骨101、贯通龙骨102、隔音填充物103、隔音板104、填充料106，U形龙骨101共两条并且分别水平安置于墙体1内顶部与底部，两条U形龙骨101的凹槽面相对，贯通龙骨102共若干组，每组贯通龙骨102两个，每组的两个贯通龙骨102分别竖直安装于墙体1前后端面，并且两个贯通龙骨102的凹槽面相对，对应安装于U形龙骨101左右两端，隔音填充物103位于U行龙骨101与贯通龙骨102之间所形成的空间内，隔音板104包覆在U行龙骨101与贯通龙骨102外周；隔音填充物103包括左侧隔音填充物1301、空隙1302、右侧隔音填充物1303，左侧隔音填充物1301与右侧隔音填充物1303结构完全相同，现仅对左侧填充物1301进行说明，如图6所示，左侧填充物1301包括连接块13011、连接槽13012、凹槽13013，左侧填充物1301内设有凹槽13013，凹槽13013位于左侧填充物1301右侧中部，凹槽13013的横截面为T字型，并且将左侧填充物1301右端面分为前后两个突出块，连接块13011共17个，竖直排列于左侧填充物1301右端面的前方突出块上，连接槽13012共17个，竖直排列与左侧填充物1301右端面的后方突出块上；左侧填充物1301上的17个连接块13011分别镶嵌于右侧填充物1303上的17个连接槽13012内，右侧填充物1303上的17个连接块13011分别镶嵌于左侧填充物1301上的17个连接槽13012内，左侧填充物1301与右侧填充物1302的凹槽13013面相对连接，形成空隙1302；隔音填充物103共三层，前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：170：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物103中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80:700：65：53的比例混合制成。
其中如图2、3所示，监护室2左侧设有窗口一21，并且窗口一21可以打开，用于医护人员将物品放置或从桌子上拿走；病房3左侧设有窗口二31，并且窗口二31可以打开，用于患者将物品放置或从桌子上拿走；病房3内设有完善的通讯系统、网络与临床信息管理系统、广播系统；在患者发病时可以及时通知医护人员并且方便医护人员与患者进行交流；窗口二31上设有黑色隔光布；患者可以通过拉动黑色隔光布使得室外人员无法看到病房内，保护患者隐私，并且防止光源引发患者破伤风症状；病房3都设有独立的空气调节系统，并且病房3的温度维持在22.5℃；防止因温度不适诱发患者发病；厕所4内设有感应式洗手设施和手部消毒装置；方便患者进行日常手部消毒。
实施例2：
实施例2与实施例1不同之处在于：
隔音填充物103共三层，前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：180：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物103中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80:780：65：53的比例混合制成。
病房3的温度维持在24℃。
实施例3：
实施例3与实施例1不同之处在于：
隔音填充物103共三层，前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：190：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物103中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80:850：65：53的比例混合制成。
病房3的温度维持在25.5℃。
本发明一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房在临床使用中的实验数据：
从山东省某医院抽取需要住院的破伤风患者共计250人，按照随机分配分为A组、B组、C组、对照组一与对照组二，各组之间无显著差异，每组50例患者，其中A组为使用本发明装置并且将温度控制于22.5℃，其中B组为使用本发明装置并且将温度控制于24℃，其中C组为使用本发明装置并且将温度控制于25.5℃，对照组一为使用本发明装置并且将温度控制于21℃，对照组二为使用本发明装置并且将温度控制于27℃，然后对其三天内发病情况进行对比：
发病情况：
评定标准：
a：三天内无发病；b：三天内发病1-5次；c：三天内发病大于5次；
对比结果如表1所示：
表1：A组、B组、C组、对照组一与对照组二的患者发病情况对比表：
建立本发明病房15间，按照随机分配分为A组、B组、C组三组，三组之间无显著差异每组5间，建立传统破伤风病房10间，按照随机分配分为照组一与对照组二，两组之间无显著差异，每组5间，其中A组为使用本发明装置并且隔音填充物103前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：170：12的比例混合发泡；隔音填充物103中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80：700：65：53的比例混合制成；其中B组为使用本发明装置并且隔音填充物103前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：180：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物103中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80:780：65：53的比例混合制成；其中C组为使用本发明装置并且隔音填充物103前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：190：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物103中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80：850：65：53的比例混合制成；然后对其隔音效果检测结果进行对比：
判定方法：
1.隔音效果：采用1/3倍频程测量，并且依据《采用建筑隔声测量规范》
公式(2.2.2-2)与《声学-建筑和建筑构件隔声测量》第3部分公式(4)
测量出对应的隔声量，并确定其隔音效果等级；
评定标准：
a：优；b：良；c：较差；
对比如下表2所示：
表2：A组、B组、C组、对照组一与对照组二隔音效果的评价对比表：
从表1与表2中的数据可以看出，本发明提供的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房在临床使用中可以有效减少破伤风患者的发病情况，保护了破伤风患者的生命安全，同时病发次数减少也减轻了医护人员工作量；数据测量结果中也可以明显看出，本发明的隔音效果优于传统破伤风病房，有助于破伤风患者更好的住院治疗。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，主要包括墙体(1)、监护室(2)、病房(3)、厕所(4)，所述监护室(2)位于所述病房(3)前方，所述厕所(4)位于病房(3)后方，监护室(2)、病房(3)与厕所(4)构成长方体结构，监护室(2)、病房(3)、厕所(4)的四周均砌有墙体(1)；墙体(1)包括U形龙骨(101)、贯通龙骨(102)、隔音填充物(103)、隔音板(104)、填充料(106)，所述U形龙骨(101)共两条并且分别水平安置于墙体(1)内顶部与底部，两条U形龙骨(101)的凹槽面相对，所述贯通龙骨(102)共若干组，每组贯通龙骨(102)两个，每组的两个贯通龙骨(102)分别竖直安装于墙体(1)前后端面，并且两个贯通龙骨(102)的凹槽面相对，对应安装于U形龙骨(101)左右两端，所述隔音填充物(103)位于U行龙骨(101)与贯通龙骨(102)之间所形成的空间内，所述隔音板(104)包覆在U行龙骨(101)与贯通龙骨(102)外周；隔音填充物(103)包括左侧隔音填充物(1301)、空隙(1302)、右侧隔音填充物(1303)，所述左侧隔音填充物(1301)与所述右侧隔音填充物(1303)结构完全相同，现仅对左侧填充物(1301)进行说明，左侧填充物(1301)包括连接块(13011)、连接槽(13012)、凹槽(13013)，所述左侧填充物(1301)内设有所述凹槽(13013)，凹槽(13013)位于左侧填充物(1301)右侧中部，凹槽(13013)的横截面为T字型，并且将左侧填充物(1301)右端面分为前后两个突出块，所述连接块(13011)共17个，竖直排列于左侧填充物(1301)右端面的前方突出块上，所述连接槽(13012)共17个，竖直排列与左侧填充物(1301)右端面的后方突出块上；左侧填充物(1301)上的17个连接块(13011)分别镶嵌于右侧填充物(1303)上的17个连接槽(13012)内，右侧填充物(1303)上的17个连接块(13011)分别镶嵌于左侧填充物(1301)上的17个连接槽(13012)内，左侧填充物(1301)与右侧填充物(1302)的凹槽(13013)面相对连接，形成所述空隙(1302)；隔音填充物(103)共三层，前后两层采用聚醚、牛皮纸与异氰酸酯按重量比为15：170～190：12的比例混合发泡，随后经过固化，最后通过切片制成；隔音填充物(103)中层采用PET纤维、海绵颗粒、涤纶短纤、熔融纤维按质量比为80:700～850：65：53的比例混合制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，所述监护室(2)左侧设有窗口一(21)，并且所述窗口一(21)可以打开。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，所述病房(3)左侧设有窗口二(31)，并且所述窗口二(31)可以打开。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，所述病房(3)内设有完善的通讯系统、网络与临床信息管理系统、广播系统。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，所述窗口二(31)上设有黑色隔光布。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，所述病房(3)设有独立的空气调节系统。
7.权利要求1所述的一种破伤风患者隔音监护病房，其特征在于，所述厕所(4)内设有感应式洗手设施和手部消毒装置。
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CN201047136Y (zh) * 2007-03-03 2008-04-16 潘旭鹏 错列拼装式无机龙骨墙板
CN101105061A (zh) * 2007-08-02 2008-01-16 南京长湖环保开发有限公司 一种隔音砌砖及其制备方法
CN102336167A (zh) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-01 上海新安汽车隔音毡有限公司 一种多层结构的汽车用隔音垫及其制造方法
KR100998282B1 (ko) * 2010-08-16 2010-12-03 (주)해승종합건축사사무소 층간 소음이 저감되는 건축물의 층간 바닥구조
CN103847657A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-11 上海新安汽车隔音毡有限公司 复合层状结构的汽车用增强型车顶隔音垫及其制备方法
CN103669915A (zh) * 2013-12-26 2014-03-26 无锡汉佳半导体科技有限公司 一种模块化隔离病房
CN205530750U (zh) * 2016-03-08 2016-08-31 贺烨萌 一种建筑用隔音板
CN207048097U (zh) * 2017-06-08 2018-02-27 陈四明 一种新型高效节能装配式建筑墙体构板

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