CN108915929B - Output controllable water turbine transmission mechanism - Google Patents
Output controllable water turbine transmission mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN108915929B CN108915929B CN201811088174.2A CN201811088174A CN108915929B CN 108915929 B CN108915929 B CN 108915929B CN 201811088174 A CN201811088174 A CN 201811088174A CN 108915929 B CN108915929 B CN 108915929B
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- ring
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- sleeved
- friction plates
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 33
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001363 water suppression through gradient tailored excitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101150048357 Lamp1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013332 fish product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a controllable output type water turbine transmission mechanism, which is characterized in that an annular inner shell is fixedly connected on a mandrel through a connecting ring, an outer shell is sleeved outside the inner shell, the outer shell and the inner shell form an annular inner cavity, outer ring axial sliding rods are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell, inner ring axial sliding rods are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the inner shell, a plurality of outer ring friction plates and a plurality of inner ring friction plates are respectively sleeved, and a plurality of pushing and driving mechanisms which are parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell. According to the invention, the rotating speed of the rotating wheel can be changed and the rotating of the rotating wheel can be stopped by controlling the pushing and driving mechanism, so that the interference degree of the rotating wheel blades on the inner bin of the water turbine is controlled, and a safety channel can be provided for upstream and downstream fishes. The hydraulic turbine transmission mechanism can control the upstream fish gate to open and reduce or stop the hydraulic turbine to work in the fish-passing period, and provides conditions for realizing timing automatic control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a water turbine transmission technology in the field of hydraulic ecological engineering, and particularly relates to a water turbine transmission mechanism with controllable output.
Background
The hydroelectric power generation is to drive the runner blades of the water turbine to rotate by utilizing water potential, so as to drive the generator to rotate for power generation. In the hydraulic turbine working process, the pivoted blade can cause the injury to fish, and long-term in-process that works can be continuous fish to cause the injury, and current hydroelectric generation device can cut the upstream and downstream passageway of fish generally, and is very big to relying on the migration fish that the migration completed life cycle, and also can produce the influence to non-migration fish. Fish will suffer serious injury when they go down through a common water turbine. Studies by some research institutions abroad have shown that: the casualties rate of fish passing through a common water turbine is about 30%; different designs of water turbines have resulted in fish casualties ranging from 5% to 30%. Some foreign green organizations and fishermen have been against building dams since 1980, requiring the destruction of some hydroelectric power stations. In recent years, environmental awareness of people in China is continuously enhanced, and hydropower in China is focused on the problem.
The patent publication CN 103216374B proposes a small-sized francis turbine with low specific rotation speed, which has the advantages of good hydraulic performance and low manufacturing cost, but does not mention the reduction of damage to fish, which may cause ecological imbalance and reduction of fish products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of dam passing of fishes and high death rate of fishes passing through a water turbine in the current hydroelectric power generation field, the controllable output type water turbine transmission mechanism is provided, so that the death rate of fishes passing through the water turbine is reduced, and the output and the running efficiency of the water turbine are ensured.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a controllable output type water turbine transmission mechanism is provided, the mechanism comprises a mandrel which is simultaneously connected with a rotating shaft of a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft of a generator, and two ends of the mandrel are arranged on an outer frame through bearings; an annular inner shell is fixedly connected to the mandrel through a connecting ring, an outer shell is sleeved outside the inner shell, an annular inner cavity is formed by the outer shell and the inner shell in a surrounding mode, and a fit clearance exists between the outer shell and the inner shell; the middle part of the outer shell is provided with a hollow shaft, the diameter of the hollow shaft is larger than that of the mandrel, and the hollow shaft is arranged at the outer side of the mandrel through an inner bearing; the outer-ring axial sliding rods are uniformly distributed on the circumferential inner wall of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity, the inner-ring axial sliding rods are uniformly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the inner shell in the annular inner cavity, a plurality of outer-ring friction plates are sleeved on the outer-ring axial sliding rods, a plurality of inner-ring friction plates are sleeved on the inner-ring axial sliding rods, balance springs are sleeved on the outer-ring axial sliding rods between adjacent outer-ring friction plates, balance springs are sleeved on the inner-ring axial sliding rods between adjacent inner-ring friction plates, and the outer-ring friction plates and the inner-ring friction plates are distributed in a staggered manner and have fit gaps; on the inner wall of an outer shell positioned in the annular inner cavity, a plurality of pushing and driving mechanisms parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed along the same annular, each pushing and driving mechanism comprises a telescopic push rod and a driving unit for controlling the telescopic push rod to advance and retreat, the telescopic push rod is pushed to push each outer ring friction plate and each inner ring friction plate after being pushed, meanwhile, a disc spring is fixedly installed on a hollow shaft of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity, and the outer edge of the disc spring is supported on one side of a baffle table arranged on the side surface of the telescopic push rod.
The pushing and driving mechanism is characterized in that a plurality of fixing grooves parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity along the same annular, and each fixing groove is respectively provided with a hydraulic push rod or an air push rod or an electric push rod.
The pushing and driving mechanism is characterized in that a plurality of magnetic control unit mounting grooves parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity along the same annular ring, the inner side of the groove wall of each magnetic control unit mounting groove is sleeved with a surrounding electromagnetic coil, after the electromagnetic coils in each magnetic control unit mounting groove are sequentially connected in series or in parallel, the electromagnetic coils are connected with a power control line, the axial center position of each magnetic control unit mounting groove is sleeved with a strip-shaped strong permanent magnet, a disc spring is fixedly arranged on a hollow shaft of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity, and the outer edge of the disc spring is supported on one side of a baffle table arranged on the side surface of the strong permanent magnet, so that each strong permanent magnet is kept to retract into the corresponding magnetic control unit mounting groove naturally; after the electromagnetic coils are electrified, magnetism and strong permanent magnet repulsion are formed, so that the strong permanent magnet extends out of the annular inner cavity and pushes against the outer ring friction plate and the inner ring friction plate.
The magnetic control unit installation groove comprises a central groove and an outer annular groove, the electromagnetic coil is positioned in the outer annular groove, and the strong permanent magnet is positioned in the central groove and is in smooth sleeve joint with the central groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rotating speed of the rotating wheel can be changed and the rotating wheel is stopped by controlling the pushing and driving mechanism, so that the interference degree of the rotating wheel blades on the inner bin of the water turbine is controlled, and a safety channel can be provided for upstream and downstream fishes. The hydraulic turbine transmission mechanism can control the upstream fish gate to open and reduce or stop the hydraulic turbine to work in the fish-passing period, and provides conditions for realizing timing automatic control.
According to the invention, friction speed change control is generated by the staggered matching of the outer ring friction plates and the inner ring friction plates, so that the effect of changing the gaps and friction force between all the outer ring friction plates and the inner ring friction plates can be achieved by only carrying out proper stroke control on the pushing and driving mechanism, and the rotating speed of the turbine runner can be changed by utilizing multilayer controllable friction between the outer ring friction plates and the inner ring friction plates in a non-locking state. The control mode has the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, long service life, basically realization of maintenance-free, lower cost, simplified integral structure and reduced integral volume.
In addition, the invention can automatically adjust the external output power according to the rotating speed of the water turbine, can maintain the generated power in a relatively stable range, and can not stir the generated output power too much, and the voltage stabilizing treatment is utilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in use during hydroelectric power generation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the controllable output mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a semi-sectional structure of the outer case.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a semi-sectional structure of the inner housing.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1 is a fish-attracting lamp, 2 is a fish gate, 3 is a water gate, 4 is a water diversion channel, 5 is a water turbine, 6 is a runner blade, 61 is a runner shaft, 7 is a controllable output mechanism, 8 is a generator, and 81 is a generator rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the upstream of the water area is communicated with the power generation area of the downstream water turbine 5 through the diversion channel 4, and water potential enters the inside of the water turbine 5 to drive the runner blades 6 to rotate, so as to drive the generator 8 to generate power. As shown in figure 1, the water outlet of the upstream water area is sequentially provided with a fish gate 2 and a water gate 3 from front to back, and the fish gate and the water gate are respectively controlled to be opened and closed by a lifting motor. So that the water turbine 5 can freely generate electricity or controllably generate electricity when the fish gate 2 is closed and the water gate 3 is opened. When the fish gate 2 is opened and the water gate 3 is opened, tools such as a fish trapping lamp1 and the like are arranged at the outlet position of an upstream water area, a transmission mechanism of the controllable output type water turbine 5 shown in fig. 2 is arranged between a rotary wheel shaft 61 of a downstream water area and a rotary shaft 8 of a generator, and the rotary speed of the rotary wheel of the water turbine 5 is controlled to be slowed down or stopped through the transmission mechanism in the downstream water area, so that the aim of safely passing fish is fulfilled.
Referring to fig. 2, a transmission mechanism of a controllable output hydraulic turbine 5, 701 is a mandrel, 702 is a connecting ring, 703 is an outer shell, 704 is an inner shell, 705 is an annular inner cavity, 706 is an outer annular axial sliding rod, 707 is an inner annular axial sliding rod, 708 is an outer annular friction plate, 709 is an inner annular friction plate, 710 is a balance spring, 711 is a magnetic control unit mounting groove, 712 is a strong permanent magnet, 713 is an electromagnetic coil, 714 is a push head, 715 is a disc spring, 716 is a disc spring clamping seat, 717 is a power supply control wire, 718 is an inner bearing, 719 is an end bearing, and 720 is a hollow shaft.
The spindle 701 is connected to both the rotor shaft 61 and the generator shaft 8, and both ends of the spindle 701 are mounted on an outer frame, which may be a part of the housing of the water turbine 5 or a fixed bracket connected to a downstream foundation, through bearings.
Referring to fig. 4, a mandrel 701 is used as a transition shaft, an integral connection ring 702 is provided at the outer side thereof, and an annular inner housing 704 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connection ring 702. Meanwhile, an outer case 703 is sleeved outside the inner case 704. Referring to fig. 3, a hollow shaft 720 is provided at the middle of the outer housing 703, the hollow shaft 720 has a diameter larger than that of the mandrel 701, and the hollow shaft 720 is mounted outside the mandrel 701 by an inner bearing.
Referring to fig. 2, outer housing 703 and inner housing 704 enclose an annular interior cavity 705, and there is a mating gap between outer housing 703 and inner housing 704. Thus, the outer housing 703 is a fixed member, which can be fixed to the outer frame, and the inner housing 704 is a rotating member.
The outer annular axial sliding rods 706 are uniformly distributed on the circumferential inner wall of the outer housing 703 in the annular inner cavity 705, and the inner annular axial sliding rods 707 are uniformly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the inner housing 704 in the annular inner cavity 705. A plurality of outer ring friction plates 708 are sleeved on the outer ring axial slide bar 706, and a plurality of inner ring friction plates 709 are sleeved on the inner ring axial slide bar 707. Meanwhile, balance springs 710 are sleeved on the outer ring axial sliding rods 706 between adjacent outer ring friction plates 708, balance springs 710 are sleeved on the inner ring axial sliding rods 707 between adjacent inner ring friction plates 709, and the outer ring friction plates 708 and the inner ring friction plates 709 are distributed in a staggered manner and have fit gaps. Normally, there is no contact between each outer ring friction plate 708 and each inner ring friction plate 709.
In this embodiment, a plurality of magnetic control unit mounting grooves 711 parallel to the axial direction are distributed on the inner wall of the outer housing 703 in the annular inner cavity 705, and each magnetic control unit mounting groove 711 is uniformly distributed along the same annular ring. The inner side of the slot wall of each magnetic control unit installation slot 711 is sleeved with a surrounding electromagnetic coil 713, and the magnetic control unit installation slots 711 preferably comprise a central slot and an outer annular slot, the electromagnetic coil 713 is positioned in the outer annular slot, and the strong permanent magnet 712 is positioned in the central slot and is smoothly sleeved with the central slot.
After the electromagnetic coils 713 in the respective magnetron unit mounting grooves 711 are sequentially connected in series or in parallel, the electromagnetic coils 713 are connected to a power supply control line.
The axle center position of the magnetic control unit mounting groove 711 is sleeved with a strip-shaped strong permanent magnet 712, a disc spring 715 is fixedly mounted on a shell hollow shaft 720 in the annular inner cavity 705, and the outer edge of the disc spring 715 is supported on one side of a baffle table arranged on the side surface of the strong permanent magnet 712, so that each strong permanent magnet 712 is kept to retract into the corresponding magnetic control unit mounting groove 711 naturally. After each electromagnetic coil 713 is electrified, magnetism is formed to repel the strong permanent magnet 712, so that the strong permanent magnet 712 extends out of the annular inner cavity 705 and pushes each outer ring friction plate 708 and each inner ring friction plate 709.
Example 2: based on embodiment 1, the pushing and driving mechanism is different, specifically, a plurality of fixing grooves parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell 703 in the annular inner cavity 705 along the same circular ring, and each fixing groove is respectively provided with a hydraulic push rod or a pneumatic push rod or an electric push rod.
Claims (2)
1. A controllable output type hydraulic turbine transmission mechanism is characterized in that: the device comprises a mandrel which is simultaneously connected with a rotating shaft of a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft of a generator, wherein two ends of the mandrel are arranged on an outer frame through bearings; an annular inner shell is fixedly connected to the mandrel through a connecting ring, an outer shell is sleeved outside the inner shell, an annular inner cavity is formed by the outer shell and the inner shell in a surrounding mode, and a fit clearance exists between the outer shell and the inner shell; the middle part of the outer shell is provided with a hollow shaft, the diameter of the hollow shaft is larger than that of the mandrel, and the hollow shaft is arranged at the outer side of the mandrel through an inner bearing; the outer-ring axial sliding rods are uniformly distributed on the circumferential inner wall of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity, the inner-ring axial sliding rods are uniformly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the inner shell in the annular inner cavity, a plurality of outer-ring friction plates are sleeved on the outer-ring axial sliding rods, a plurality of inner-ring friction plates are sleeved on the inner-ring axial sliding rods, balance springs are sleeved on the outer-ring axial sliding rods between adjacent outer-ring friction plates, balance springs are sleeved on the inner-ring axial sliding rods between adjacent inner-ring friction plates, and the outer-ring friction plates and the inner-ring friction plates are distributed in a staggered manner and have fit gaps; a plurality of pushing and driving mechanisms which are parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell body positioned in the annular inner cavity along the same annular ring, each pushing and driving mechanism comprises a telescopic push rod and a driving unit for controlling the telescopic push rod to advance and retreat, and each outer ring friction plate and each inner ring friction plate are propped up after the telescopic push rod is pushed; the pushing and driving mechanism is characterized in that a plurality of magnetic control unit mounting grooves parallel to the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer shell in the annular inner cavity along the same annular ring, the inner side of the groove wall of each magnetic control unit mounting groove is sleeved with a surrounding electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic coil is connected with a power control wire, the axial center position of each magnetic control unit mounting groove is sleeved with a strip-shaped strong permanent magnet, a disc spring is fixedly arranged on a hollow shell shaft in the annular inner cavity, and the outer edge of the disc spring is supported on one side of a baffle table arranged on the side surface of the strong permanent magnet, so that each strong permanent magnet is kept to retract into the corresponding magnetic control unit mounting groove naturally; after the electromagnetic coils are electrified, magnetism and strong permanent magnet repulsion are formed, so that the strong permanent magnet extends out of the annular inner cavity and pushes against the outer ring friction plate and the inner ring friction plate.
2. The controllable output hydraulic turbine transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic control unit installation groove comprises a central groove and an outer annular groove, the electromagnetic coil is positioned in the outer annular groove, and the strong permanent magnet is positioned in the central groove and is in smooth sleeve joint with the central groove.
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CN201811088174.2A CN108915929B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Output controllable water turbine transmission mechanism |
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CN201811088174.2A CN108915929B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Output controllable water turbine transmission mechanism |
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CN108915929A CN108915929A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
CN108915929B true CN108915929B (en) | 2024-08-02 |
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CN112268728A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-01-26 | 国家电网有限公司 | Energy test device for mixed-flow water turbine |
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SU523185A1 (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1976-07-30 | Ленинградский Дважды Ордена Ленина И Ордена Октябрьской Революции Металлический Завод Им.Ххпсъезда Кпсс | Water turbine model |
CN103438120A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-12-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetorheological soft starter |
CN209354287U (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-09-06 | 国家电网有限公司 | Export controllable hydraulic turbine transmission mechanism |
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CN100501182C (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2009-06-17 | 博格华纳公司 | Clutch with adjustable pack clearance |
CN202165207U (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-03-14 | 北京天成山泉电子科技有限公司 | Integrally assembled self-protected booster hydro-generator set |
KR101306092B1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-09-06 | 한국산업기술대학교산학협력단 | Multiple plate clutch by using MR Elastomer |
JP6020060B2 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2016-11-02 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | Transmission torque estimation device |
DE102016206854A1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-11-24 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Torsional vibration damper and hybrid powertrain |
US11111971B2 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2021-09-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Clutch system and method for actuating a clutch system |
CN207364129U (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-05-15 | 浙江中柴机器有限公司 | A kind of gap control structure |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU523185A1 (en) * | 1973-07-02 | 1976-07-30 | Ленинградский Дважды Ордена Ленина И Ордена Октябрьской Революции Металлический Завод Им.Ххпсъезда Кпсс | Water turbine model |
CN103438120A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-12-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Magnetorheological soft starter |
CN209354287U (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-09-06 | 国家电网有限公司 | Export controllable hydraulic turbine transmission mechanism |
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