CN108889773A - A kind of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent and preparation and application method - Google Patents
A kind of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent and preparation and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108889773A CN108889773A CN201810533123.XA CN201810533123A CN108889773A CN 108889773 A CN108889773 A CN 108889773A CN 201810533123 A CN201810533123 A CN 201810533123A CN 108889773 A CN108889773 A CN 108889773A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent and preparation and application method, it is calculated with weight fraction, this renovation agent includes modified clay mineral 15-30 parts, 20-35 parts of quick lime, 30-45 parts of organic fertilizer, 15-30 parts of charcoal, 1-5 parts of polymerization macromolecule compound.The preparation method of this renovation agent includes the following steps：It is cooling through high-temperature calcination after clay pit was ground 100 mesh, it is ground into particle or powdered；Using agriculture and forestry organic waste material as primary raw material, fowl and animal excrement, and outer inoculation source microbial inoculum are added, is fermented through 5-15d；Using agricultural crop straw as raw material, Pintsch process after being cooled to room temperature grinding, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve.Finally modified clay mineral, quick lime, organic fertilizer, charcoal, polymerization macromolecule compound are uniformly mixed with certain proportion.It is applied with 1-2 tons per acre of dosage, can efficiently reduce available Cd content in mine soil, adjust ph, guaranteed the normal growth of mine vegetation, play an important roll to recovering plant cover of mine.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to heavy metal-polluted soils to repair field, and in particular to the renovation agent and system of a kind of cadmium pollution mine soil
Standby and application method
Background technique：
Mineral resources are the material bases that the mankind depend on for existence and development, are the important of human survival and socio-economic development
Pillar.However, since Mineral Resources in China development technique is not generally advanced, in addition long-term random mining, weight economic benefit
And gently protect, mining not only changes primary ecological environment landscape, but also results in ecology of mining areas degeneration and environmental pollution.
And influence of the heavy metal pollution in Abandoned Land of Mine to ambient enviroment is particularly acute, the especially exploitation on the discarded ground of metal mine
Using process, even after mine stops adopting or closing, a large amount of heavy metal pollutants can be also generated, to mining area or even week
Soil, water, plant of border region etc. cause damages.Abandoned Land of Mine mainly has following feature：1) physical structure is bad,
Water holding fertilizer-preserving ability is poor；2) acid stronger；3) extremely barren or nutrient is uneven；4) content of beary metal is excessively high；5) arid or raw
Reason arid is serious, so Abandoned Land of Mine has numerous extreme physicochemical properties for endangering ecological environment, especially heavy metal contains
It is the most prominent to measure excessively high problem, recovery of ecologic environment in a mine is extremely difficult.
Cadmium is the nonessential element of plant growth.When cadmium content is more than that a threshold value results in plant growth slow in plant
Slowly, breeding time moves back, or even loses normal growing process.Cadmium in soil can destroy root system of plant, inhibit vegetable seeds
It sprouts, therefore the serious mine soil revegetation difficulty of cadmium pollution is larger.
The measure for being usually used in mine heavy metal reparation at present mainly has physics and chemical measure.Physical measure is mainly soil moved in improve the original
Method first in discarded ground earthing, then improves.But if the toxicity on discarded ground, just must be discarded very as large as heavy metal CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND
Separation layer is laid with above ground first to stop noxious material to migrate upwards, then soil moved in improve the original.Chemical measure is mainly exactly to apply soil remediation
Agent.
Currently used renovation agent has the following problems that organic renovation agent is also easy to produce two when handling heavy-metal contaminated soil
Secondary pollution, natural minerals class renovation agent are poor to the passivation effect of heavy metal.Current research shows that the cooperation of several fixatives makes
With the repairing effect of heavy metal being significantly turned up, while avoiding and a kind of unfavorable shadow that renovation agent generates soil is used alone
It rings.Therefore, a kind of compound mine renovation agent is researched and developed, using the multinomial passivation approach such as absorption, precipitating, antagonism, can be mentioned significantly
The repairing effect in high mine, the passivation heavy metal-polluted soil technology to develop the economy, effectively, safe provide theory and technology support.
Summary of the invention：
The invention belongs to heavy metal soil remediation fields, and in particular to a kind of renovation agent of cadmium pollution mine soil and preparation
With application method, to overcome the problems, such as that cadmium pollution mine soil is repaired difficult at this stage.
In order to achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the present invention is：
A kind of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent, including：
Wherein organic fertilizer N, P in terms of total nutrient2O5、K2O is 3%-10%, the content of organic matter 30-45%, pH 6.5-
8.5。
The polymerization macromolecule compound is one of the polyglutamic acid of degradable, poly-aspartate or a variety of mixed
It closes.
The preparation method of the cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent, includes the following steps：
Step 1：The preparation of modified clay mineral：It is cooling through high-temperature calcination after clay pit was ground 100 mesh,
It is ground into particle or powdered；
Step 2：The preparation of organic fertilizer：Using agriculture and forestry organic waste material as primary raw material, fowl and animal excrement is added, and be inoculated with external source bacterium
Agent uses after 5-15d ferments；
Step 3：The preparation of charcoal：Using agricultural crop straw as raw material, through 600 DEG C of Pintsch process, it is cooled to after keeping the temperature 3h
After room temperature, grinding is sieved with 100 mesh sieve.
Step 4：By modified clay mineral, quick lime, organic fertilizer, charcoal, polymerization macromolecule compound with (15-30)：
(20-35)：(30-45)：(15-30)：(1-5) is uniformly mixed.
Modified clay mineral is attapulgite, in sodium bentonite, zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite in the step one
It is one or more.
Attapulgite, sodium bentonite, zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite component ratio are ((0-7) in the step one：
(0-5)：(0-3)：(0-3)：(0-5).
Calcining carries out 1.5-3 hours at a temperature of 350-500 DEG C in the step one.
Agriculture and forestry organic waste material includes one of shrub limb, annual herb, fallen leaves or a variety of mixed in the step two
It closes.
Fowl and animal excrement is mainly chicken manure and pig manure in the step two, and the ratio of chicken manure is greater than pig manure.
The ratio of agriculture and forestry organic waste material and fowl and animal excrement is in the step two：(1-2)：(3-5)
External source microbial inoculum mainly includes a variety of mixing such as bacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete, Trichoderma in the step two
Type microbial inoculum, total viable count >=10,000,000,000/ml.
The application method of the cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent is as follows：By renovation agent according to 1-2 tons of dosages per acre,
It is even to spread fertilizer over the fields in the mine soil surface of cadmium pollution, humidity 20%-30% is kept, it can planting plants after 10-25 days.
Charcoal pH with higher, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and C/N, specific surface area is larger, has stronger adsorption capacity.
Charcoal is applied into soil can reduce the tension stress intensity and soil density of soil, improves soil quality and is conducive to plant
The growth of germination and root system of plant.The charcoal of the present invention prepared using agriculture and forestry organic waste material as raw material exists in alkalinity
A part of soil acidity can be neutralized to a certain extent, and adsorb soil middle reaches from heavy metal ion, and improve soil knot
The germination percentage of structure raising vegetable seeds.
Its water imbibition such as sepiolite, diatomite, bentonite is stronger, is commonly used for the ingredient of water-retaining agent, and attapulgite, zeolite
With stronger adsorptivity.The present invention uniformly mixes several clay minerals, changes the porosity of clay mineral by heat modification
Size and the curvature in duct, enhance its adsorption capacity and water-retaining property.So that it enters after soil except can adsorb in soil weight
Except metal ion, additionally it is possible to solve the problems, such as mine soil physiological drought to a certain extent.
Polymerization macromolecule compound can form stable chelate with heavy metal ion, and curing heavy metal ion avoids it
Exist and be absorbed by plants in the form of an ion in the soil.High molecular polymer of the present invention be preferably polyglutamic acid and
Poly-aspartate can effectively adsorb heavy metal ion, especially cadmium ion in acid condition.
The present invention has the following advantages as follows compared with the existing technology：
Raw material of the present invention is naturally easy to get, is low in cost, stronger to the passivation ability of mine heavy metal cadmium, tool
There is higher economic value.
The raw material of charcoal and organic fertilizer in the present invention is agricultural, forestry, waste caused by aquaculture, by resource
Value maximization, realize the utilization of the recycling of waste.
Renovation agent of the invention is bad for mine physical structure, and acid stronger, water holding fertilizer-preserving ability is poor, extremely poor to take,
Content of beary metal is excessively high, the soil of physiological drought.
Renovation agent of the invention is good with soil compatibility, not will lead to soil secondary pollution and will not destroy the knot of soil
Structure, while the fertility level of soil can be improved.
Specific embodiment：
Example 1：
According to the renovation agent of the following steps preparation cadmium pollution mine soil：
Step 1：The preparation of modified clay mineral：By attapulgite, diatomite, sepiolite with 3：2：The mixing of 1 ratio, powder
It is cooling through 350 DEG C of calcining 1.5h after broken 100 mesh of mistake, it is ground into particle or powdered.
Step 2：The preparation of organic fertilizer：It is fallen leaves with Pinghu ecological park as primary raw material, adds chicken manure and pig manure mixture,
Ratio is 2：3, and it is inoculated with the mixed bacteria liquid including bacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, it is used after 5d ferments.
Step 3：The preparation of charcoal：Using rice straw as raw material, through 600 DEG C of Pintsch process, room is cooled to after keeping the temperature 3h
Wen Hou, grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
Step 4：By modified clay mineral, quick lime, organic fertilizer, charcoal, polyglutamic acid with 15：30：30：20：5
Even mixing.
Example 2：
According to the renovation agent of the following steps preparation cadmium pollution mine soil：
Step 1：The preparation of modified clay mineral：By attapulgite, diatomite, sepiolite with 4：2：The mixing of 3 ratios, powder
It is cooling through 400 DEG C of calcining 2h after broken 100 mesh of mistake, it is ground into particle or powdered.
Step 2：The preparation of organic fertilizer：Using Pinghu ecological park shrub branch as primary raw material, chicken manure and pig manure mixing are added
Object, ratio 1：5, and it is inoculated with the mixed bacteria liquid including bacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete, Trichoderma, make after 7d ferments
With.
Step 3：The preparation of charcoal：Using rice straw as raw material, through 600 DEG C of Pintsch process, room is cooled to after keeping the temperature 3h
Wen Hou, grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
Step 4：By modified clay mineral, quick lime, organic fertilizer, charcoal, poly-aspartate with 20：24：35：20：1
Uniformly mixing.
Example 3：
According to the renovation agent of the following steps preparation cadmium pollution mine soil：
Step 1：The preparation of modified clay mineral：By attapulgite, sodium bentonite, zeolite with 5：3：The mixing of 2 ratios,
It is cooling through 350 DEG C of calcining 1.5h after crushed 100 mesh, it is ground into particle or powdered.
Step 2：The preparation of organic fertilizer：It is fallen leaves with Pinghu ecological park as primary raw material, adds chicken manure and pig manure mixture,
Ratio is 2：3, and it is inoculated with the mixed bacteria liquid including bacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, it is used after 5d ferments.
Step 3：The preparation of charcoal：Using corn stover as raw material, through 600 DEG C of Pintsch process, room is cooled to after keeping the temperature 3h
Wen Hou, grinding, sieves with 100 mesh sieve.
Step 4：By modified clay mineral, quick lime, organic fertilizer, charcoal, polymeric amino acid (poly-aspartate and poly-
Glutamic acid 1：1 mixing) with 15：30：35：15：5 uniformly mixing.
Example 4：
Cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent application method：Cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent is uniformly applied in be processed
Mine soil surface, is added 1 ton of renovation agent per acre, and farming guarantees that renovation agent is uniformly mixed with soil, according to climate and weather shape
Condition carries out moisture supplement, and guarantee soil moisture content is 20%-30%, can planting plants after 15d.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent, including：
Wherein organic fertilizer N, P in terms of total nutrient2O5、K2O is 3%-10%, the content of organic matter 30-45%, pH 6.5-8.5.
2. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The polymerization macromolecule compound
For one of the polyglutamic acid of degradable, poly-aspartate or a variety of mixing.
3. a kind of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：The preparation of modified clay mineral：It is cooling through high-temperature calcination after clay pit was ground 100 mesh, grinding
At particle or powdered；
Step 2：The preparation of organic fertilizer：Using agriculture and forestry organic waste material as primary raw material, fowl and animal excrement, and outer inoculation source microbial inoculum, warp are added
It is used after 5-15d fermentation；
Step 3：The preparation of charcoal：Using agricultural crop straw as raw material, through 600 DEG C of Pintsch process, it is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 3h
Afterwards, it grinds, sieves with 100 mesh sieve；
Step 4：By modified clay mineral, quick lime, organic fertilizer, charcoal, polymerization macromolecule compound with (15-30)：(20-
35)：(30-45)：(15-30)：(1-5) is uniformly mixed.
4. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step one
Middle modified clay mineral is that attapulgite, sodium bentonite, zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite are one or more.
5. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step one
Middle attapulgite, sodium bentonite, zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite component ratio are (0-7)：(0-5)：(0-3)：(0-3)：(0-
5)。
6. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step one high temperature is forged
Burning carries out 1.5-3 hours at a temperature of 350-500 DEG C.
7. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Agricultural are useless in the step two
Gurry includes one of shrub limb, annual herb, fallen leaves or a variety of mixing.
8. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Manure of livestock and poultry in the step three
It just is mainly chicken manure and pig manure, and the ratio of chicken manure is greater than pig manure.
9. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Manure of livestock and poultry in the step three
Just it is with the ratio of agriculture and forestry organic waste material：(3-5)：(1-2).
10. cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：External source in the step three
Microbial inoculum mainly includes a variety of mixed type microbial inoculums such as bacillus, actinomyces, saccharomycete, Trichoderma, total viable count >=10,000,000,000/ml.
11. a kind of application method of cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by cadmium pollution
Mine soil renovation agent is uniformly applied with 1-2 tons of dosages per acre in mine soil surface, make cadmium pollution mine soil renovation agent with
Mine soil is sufficiently mixed, and keeps soil moisture 20-30%, can planting plants after maintenance 10-25d.
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| CN109622593A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-16 | 钦州学院 | A kind of biological renovation method of cadmium pollution soil |
| CN109807164A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-28 | 环境保护部环境规划院 | A kind of preparation method of macromolecule complex material Cross-linked double modified attapulgites and biomass carbon filler |
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