CN108885829A - 用于在强制通行区域中辅助驾驶运输工具的辅助驾驶装置 - Google Patents
用于在强制通行区域中辅助驾驶运输工具的辅助驾驶装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种装置(DA),所述装置能够对在包括至少一个强制通行区域(ZP)的行驶车道(VC)上行驶的运输工具(V)进行辅助驾驶,并且所述装置包括能够获取表示该运输工具前方的环境的数据的获取部件(MA1)。该装置(DA)包括:‑分析部件(MA2),所述分析部件配置用于分析所获取的环境数据以便检测所述运输工具(V)前方的强制通行区域(ZP)并且确定与该运输工具(V)在检测到的该强制通行区域(ZP)中的通行有关的信息,以及‑决定部件(MD),所述决定部件配置用于在检测到该强制通行区域(ZP)的情况下根据经确定的信息来控制所述运输工具(V)的动态,使得所述运输工具以规定的方式穿过该强制通行区域(ZP)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及任选地机动类型的运输工具,并且更确切地涉及能够辅助驾驶员驾驶所述运输工具的装置。
背景技术
如本领域技术人员所知,一些通常为机动类型的运输工具包括辅助装置(或帮助装置),所述辅助装置负责控制这些运输工具相对于道路的横向方向的定位并且任选地驾驶这些运输工具而无需这些运输工具的驾驶员作用在方向盘上(在自主驾驶的情况下)。这种辅助装置因此能够根据表示运输工具的环境的信息来至少部分地控制运输工具的动态(方向、速度和加速度)。
出于安全原因,这些辅助装置必须能够与运输工具的驾驶员分担驾驶,以使驾驶员总是能够具有重新获得对运输工具的至少部分控制(更具体地对方向盘的控制)的可能性。该布置尤其用于管理未覆盖的使用情况,例如运输工具在行驶车道的强制通行位置(例如收费站)处的通行。换句话说,目前,在运输工具到达强制通行位置时,该运输工具的驾驶员必须完全重新获得对该运输工具的控制,因为该运输工具的辅助装置不能够管理该强制通行。这种运行因此不符合对自主驾驶运输工具的预期。
发明内容
因此,本发明尤其旨在改善这种情况。
为此,本发明尤其提供了一种装置,所述装置用于对在包括至少一个强制通行区域的行驶车道上行驶的运输工具进行辅助驾驶,并且所述装置包括获取部件,所述获取部件能够获取表示所述运输工具前方的环境的数据。
该装置的特征在于其包括:
-分析部件,所述分析部件配置用于分析所获取的环境数据以便检测所述运输工具前方的强制通行区域并且确定与该运输工具在检测到的该强制通行区域中的通行有关的信息,以及
-决定部件,所述决定部件配置用于在检测到该强制通行区域的情况下根据经确定的这些信息来控制所述运输工具的动态,使得所述运输工具以规定的方式穿过该强制通行区域。
因此,在运输工具到达强制通行区域中时,该运输工具的辅助装置继续管理该运输工具在穿过该强制通行区域期间的动态,而无需该运输工具的驾驶员介入。
根据本发明的装置可包括可单独或组合采用的其它特征,尤其是:
-所述装置的分析部件可配置用于根据由装载在所述运输工具中的辅助导航部件提供的辅助信息来检测所述强制通行区域并/或确定与所述运输工具在检测到的该强制通行区域中的通行有关的信息;
-所述信息可在包括强制通行区域的类型、为用户预留的通行车道、在所述强制通行区域中的通行限制速度、降低的障碍物的存在、以及属于预限定频带的超声波的组中选择;
-所述装置可包括获取部件;
-所述装置的决定部件可配置用于在由所述分析部件检测到障碍物在大于阈值的时长期间在所述运输工具前方保持在降低位置上的情况下停止控制所述运输工具的动态;
所述装置的决定部件可配置用于在由所述分析部件检测到所述障碍物竖起的情况下重新开始控制所述运输工具的动态。
本发明还提供了一种计算机,所述计算机能够装配在运输工具上,所述运输工具包括能够获取表示该运输工具前方的环境的数据的获取部件,并且包括上述类型的辅助驾驶装置的决定部件和分析部件。
本发明还提供了一种运输工具,所述运输工具任选地为机动类型的并且包括能够获取表示该运输工具前方的环境的数据的获取部件以及上述类型的计算机。
例如,这种运输工具还可包括自动收费模块。
附图说明
通过阅读以下详细说明和附图,本发明的其它特征和优点将更加清楚,图1示意性且功能性示出了包括强制通行区域的行驶车道,装配有根据本发明的辅助驾驶装置的运输工具位于所述强制通行区域中。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的尤其在于提供一种辅助驾驶装置DA,所述辅助驾驶装置用于对在包括至少一个强制通行区域ZP的行驶车道VC上通行的运输工具V进行辅助驾驶。
在下文中,作为非限制性示例,认为运输工具V是机动类型的。所述运输工具例如是汽车。但本发明并不限于该类型的运输工具。本发明事实上涉及可在包括强制通行区域的行驶车道上执行移动和操控的任何类型的陆地运输工具。因此,本发明还涉及摩托车、大客车(或公共汽车)、卡车、公路运输工具和道路机械。
此外,在下文中,作为非限制性示例,认为强制通行区域ZP是设有障碍物BP的收费区域,所述障碍物可采取允许运输工具通行的竖起位置或禁止运输工具通行的降低位置。但本发明并不限于该类型的强制通行区域。本发明事实上涉及构成行驶车道的一部分的任何类型的强制通行区域,无论该强制通行区域包括或不包括收费障碍物。因此,本发明尤其涉及高速公路、快速车道、隧道、桥梁、停车场、城市入口或城市子部分(例如市中心)和机场区域。注意到,本发明不仅涉及在地方控制站与装载在运输工具中的自动收费模块(或通行证)MT之间进行无线数据交换的强制通行区域,还涉及例如借助于摄像头来记录运输工具登记信息的强制通行区域,这不需要运输工具包括自动收费模块(或通行证)MT。
在图1上示意性示出了包括强制通行区域ZP的行驶车道VC,所述强制通行区域能够由装配有根据本发明的辅助驾驶装置DA的运输工具V穿过。
如图1上所示,(辅助驾驶)装置DA至少包括分析部件MA2和决定部件MD。如图所示,该(辅助驾驶)装置DA可至少部分地安置在计算机CA中,所述计算机装载在运输工具V中并且任选地确保该运输工具V内部的至少另一功能。例如,该计算机CA可负责根据该运输工具在所考虑的时刻的环境来自适应地调节运输工具V的速度(ACC功能(“Adaptive CruiseControl(自适应巡航控制)”)),该计算机又或可为运输工具V上装载的电脑。但在实施变型中,装置DA可构成至少一个装载的电子设备,例如计算机。因此,装置DA(更具体地该装置的分析部件MA2以及决定部件MD)可实施成软件(或信息)模块的形式,又或电路(或“硬件”)与软件模块组合的形式。
分析部件MA2配置用于分析由装载在运输工具V中的获取部件MA1获取的表示运输工具V前方的环境的数据,以便检测该运输工具V前方的强制通行区域ZP并且确定与该运输工具V在检测到的该强制通行区域ZP中的通行有关的信息。
获取部件MA1例如可包括至少一个摄像头和/或至少一个扫描激光器和/或至少一个雷达或激光雷达和/或至少一个超声波传感器。这些获取部件至少负责分析位于运输工具V前方(或上游)的环境(也就是本领域技术人员所称的电子地平线)。注意到,这些获取部件MA1可任选地构成装置DA的一部分。但这不是必须的。事实上,所述获取部件可构成另一装置的一部分,所述另一装置装载在运输工具V中并且使用所获取的环境数据以确保该运输工具V内部的至少一个功能。
例如,由分析部件MA2基于环境数据来确定的信息可至少选自强制通行区域ZP的类型、为用户预留的通行车道、在强制通行区域ZP中的通行限制速度、降低的障碍物BP的存在、以及属于预限定频带的超声波。理解到,这些超声波例如可表示在预限定距离处存在强制通行或障碍物。
强制通行区域ZP的类型例如可由在该强制通行区域ZP上游的邻近行驶车道VC的板上刻写的描述或小图像限定。该类型因此可从由获取部件MA1获取的图像推导出。
为用户预留的通行车道例如可由紧邻强制通行区域ZP的板PI2上刻写的描述或标志限定。例如标志“t”的情况表示专用于自动收费的车道。该预留的通行车道可因此从由获取部件MA1获取的图像推导出。
在强制通行区域ZP中的通行限制速度例如可由位于强制通行区域ZP上游(或中)的板PU上的描述限定。该限制速度可因此从由获取部件MA1获取的图像推导出。
降低的障碍物BP的存在可从由获取部件MA1获取的图像推导出。
注意到,分析部件MA2还可配置用于根据由装载在运输工具V中的辅助导航部件提供的辅助信息来检测强制通行区域ZP并/或确定与运输工具V在检测到的该强制通行区域ZP中的通行有关的信息。这些辅助导航部件任选地为GPS类型的并且设置有地图数据库,所述辅助导航部件可基于所述地图数据库来确定运输工具V的环境的一部分。因此,所述辅助导航部件例如可指示运输工具V准备穿过的强制通行区域ZP的类型或在该强制通行区域ZP中的通行限制速度。
决定部件MD配置用于在分析部件MA2检测到强制通行区域ZP时根据经确定的信息来控制运输工具V的动态,使得所述运输工具以规定的方式穿过强制通行区域ZP。
此处“运输工具V的动态”是指该运输工具的方向、速度和加速度。
此外,此处“规定的”是指遵守当地的现行交通法规。
由于本发明,每当运输工具V到达强制通行区域ZP中时,该运输工具的装置DA就通过分析环境数据来检测所述强制通行区域,并因此继续管理该运输工具在穿过该强制通行区域ZP的整个期间的动态。装置DA因此要求运输工具V的速度减小到小于在强制通行区域ZP中允许的最大速度的值,使得无线数据交换能够正确地在控制站PC与运输工具V的自动收费模块MT之间进行(或者可拍摄到运输工具V的登记牌),以便使可能的障碍物BP竖起。然后,装置DA将要求运输工具V的速度增大到小于在强制通行区域ZP之后允许的最大速度的值。因此,驾驶员不会先验地介入,这能够确保自主驾驶的连续性。
注意到,决定部件MD还可配置用于在分析部件MA2检测到障碍物BP在大于阈值的时长期间在运输工具V前方保持在降低位置上时停止控制运输工具V的动态。理解到,事实上,该障碍物BP在其降低位置上的保持可能是由于该障碍物BP和/或相关联的控制站PC的运行问题,又或在控制站PC与运输工具V的自动收费模块MT之间的无线数据交换问题,并且该问题的解决方案需要驾驶员的介入(在对讲机中呼叫和/或验证自动收费模块MT),于是运输工具V停留(并且因此驾驶员已重新获得对该运输工具的控制)。
例如,障碍物BP在其降低位置上的保持阈值可在3秒与10秒之间。
还注意到,决定部件MD还可配置用于在分析部件MA2检测到障碍物BP竖起时重新开始控制运输工具V的动态,并且因此控制该运输工具V从其所停留的强制通行区域ZP出发。在变型中,决定部件MD可配置用于在分析部件MA2检测到障碍物BP竖起时仅在获得驾驶员同意(或请求)的情况下又或在驾驶员已控制运输工具V以使该运输工具从其所停留的强制通行区域ZP驶出时重新开始控制运输工具V的动态。
Claims (8)
1.一种自主驾驶运输工具(V),所述自主驾驶运输工具包括辅助驾驶装置(DA),所述辅助驾驶装置包括获取装置(MA1),所述获取装置能够获取表示所述运输工具(V)前方的环境的数据,其特征在于,所述辅助装置(DA)还包括:i)分析部件(MA2),所述分析部件配置用于分析所获取的环境数据以便检测所述运输工具(V)前方的强制通行区域(ZP)并且确定与所述运输工具(V)在检测到的所述强制通行区域(ZP)中的通行有关的信息,以及ii)决定部件(MD),所述决定部件配置用于在检测到所述强制通行区域(ZP)的情况下根据经确定的所述信息来控制所述运输工具(V)的动态,使得所述运输工具(V)以规定的方式穿过所述强制通行区域(ZP)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的运输工具(V),其特征在于,所述分析部件(MA2)配置用于根据由装载在所述运输工具(V)中的辅助导航部件提供的辅助信息来检测所述强制通行区域(ZP)并/或确定与所述运输工具(V)在检测到的所述强制通行区域(ZP)中的通行有关的信息。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的运输工具(V),其特征在于,所述信息在包括强制通行区域(ZP)的类型、为用户预留的通行车道、在所述强制通行区域(ZP)中的通行限制速度、降低的障碍物(BP)的存在、以及属于预限定频带的超声波的组中选择。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的运输工具(V),其特征在于,所述决定部件(MD)配置用于在由所述分析部件(MA2)检测到障碍物(BP)在大于阈值的时长期间在所述运输工具(V)前方保持在降低位置上的情况下停止控制所述运输工具(V)的动态。
5.根据权利要求4所述的运输工具(V),其特征在于,所述决定部件(MD)配置用于在由所述分析部件(MA2)检测到所述障碍物(BP)竖起的情况下重新开始控制所述运输工具(V)的动态。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的运输工具,其特征在于,所述运输工具包括计算机(CA),所述计算机包括获取部件(MA1)、决定部件(MD)和分析部件(MA2)。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的运输工具,其特征在于,所述运输工具还包括自动收费模块(MT)。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的运输工具,其特征在于,所述运输工具是机动类型的。
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FR1653264 | 2016-04-13 | ||
PCT/FR2017/050766 WO2017178728A1 (fr) | 2016-04-13 | 2017-04-03 | Dispositif d'aide à la conduite d'un véhicule dans une zone de passage obligé |
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US10906554B2 (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2021-02-02 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Autonomous driving system |
FR3078517B1 (fr) * | 2018-03-01 | 2020-02-07 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Procede et dispositif d’assistance a la conduite automatisee d’un vehicule a proximite de zone(s) de passage oblige. |
FR3081806A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-06 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Franchissement autonome d’une zone de passage oblige d’une route |
DE102022114119A1 (de) | 2022-06-03 | 2023-12-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines automatisierten Kraftfahrzeugs in einer Umgebung eines Bedienterminals, Computerprogramm, Datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug |
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US20190152479A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
FR3050162B1 (fr) | 2019-07-26 |
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