CN108869044A

CN108869044A - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: CN108869044A
Application number: CN201810449708.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: G.塔吉里; D.滕普莱顿; D.G.V.琼纳拉加达; Y.杨
Original assignee: Unison Industries LLC
Current assignee: Unison Industries LLC
Priority date: 2017-05-11
Filing date: 2018-05-11
Publication date: 2018-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-11
Also published as: EP3401629B1; US20180328285A1; JP6716147B2; JP2018189091A; EP3401629A1; CN108869044B

Abstract

A surface cooler or heat exchanger includes an integral unitary body. The unitary monolithic body can include a set of fluid channels, at least one manifold connection having an inlet and an outlet, a set of return manifolds fluidly connecting at least some of the set of fluid channels, and a set of fins. The unitary body is capable of defining different local material properties during formation of the heat exchanger.

Description

Heat exchanger

Technical field

This application involves the coolers and heat exchanger for aircraft engine.

Background technique

The present age engine used in aircraft generates a large amount of heat, it is necessary in some way will be described hot from engine In be transferred out.Heat exchanger provides the mode for being transferred out heat from such engine.For example, heat exchanger can be around hair A part arrangement of motivation is circlewise.

It can be used oil come the heat from such as engine components of engine bearing, generator etc. that dissipates.Heat can pass through gas Cold type oil cooler, and more precisely, surface ventilation type oil cooler system, it is convectively transferred to air from oil, it will be oily Temperature maintains the wanted range from substantially 100 ℉ to 300 ℉.In many cases, environment temperature can be down to -65 ℉.In order to Using broadest temperature gap when cooling oil, it is right with the maximum of environment to have that oil can be directed into installed heat exchanger Stream contact.

Summary of the invention

On the one hand, the present invention relates to a kind of cooler for aircraft engine, the cooler includes integral type entirety Main body, the integral type entirety main body have in the intracorporal one group of fluid channel of the master.Cooler includes having entrance and going out The manifold connection of mouth, and one including fluidly connecting at least some of one group of fluid channel group of return manifolds.Cooler includes One group of cooling fin.Integral type entirety main body is configured to use in aircraft engine.

On the other hand, the present invention relates to a kind of methods for forming heat exchanger.The method includes by one group of stereolithography Component is connected to bottom plate, wherein one group of stereolithography component includes one group of return manifolds and one group of fluid channel access knot Structure.The method further includes the electroforming metals above the outer surface of the exposed surface of bottom plate and one group of stereolithography component Layer.The method further includes removing one group of stereolithography component, to define the heat exchanger with integral type entirety main body, The integral type entirety main body has one group of fluid channel, and at least some of described one group of fluid channel passes through one group of return discrimination Pipe fluid connection.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of heat exchangers including integral type entirety main body.Integral type is integrally led Body includes：In the intracorporal one group of fluid channel of master, wherein at least one fluid channel in one group of fluid channel includes heat At least some of enhancing structure, the manifold connection with entrance and exit, and fluidly connect one group of fluid channel One group of return manifolds；And one group of cooling fin.

Specifically, technical scheme 1 is related to a kind of cooler for aircraft engine comprising：Integral type is whole Phosphor bodies comprising integrally lead intracorporal one group of fluid channel, the manifold connection with entrance and exit, stream in the integral type Body connects one group of return manifolds and one group of cooling fin of at least some of described one group of fluid channel.

Technical scheme 2 is related to cooler according to technical solution 1, and the integral type entirety main body includes table Face ventilation type oil cooler.

Technical scheme 3 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 2, and the integral type entirety main body is arranged to Heat is transmitted to the air for flowing through the bypass duct of the aircraft engine from heated fluid.

Technical scheme 4 is related to cooler according to technical solution 3, further comprises mounting bracket, institute Mounting bracket is stated to be configured to the cooler being installed to the aircraft engine.

Technical scheme 5 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 2, and the integral type entirety main body includes tool There is the area of dissimilar material properties.

Technical scheme 6 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 5, compared to the second of the whole main body Part, the integral type entirety main body have the thermal conductivity of enhancing adjacent to the part of one group of fluid channel.

Technical scheme 7 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 6, compared to the integral type entirety main body The part of neighbouring one group of fluid channel, one group of return manifolds have the tensile strength of enhancing.

Technical scheme 8 is related to cooler according to technical solution 1, in one group of fluid channel at least One fluid channel includes hot enhancing structure.

Technical scheme 9 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 8, and the hot enhancing structure includes along institute State the rib that at least part of the length of at least one fluid channel extends.

Technical scheme 10 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 9, in one group of cooling fin at least One cooling fin includes the main body at least one of heat release hole or shield.

Technical scheme 11 is related to the cooler according to technical solution 10, the shield include from it is described to The side that at least one distal portions of a few cooling fin extend.

Technical scheme 12 is related to a kind of method for forming heat exchanger comprising：Bottom plate is provided；By one group of solid Photolithography features are connected to the bottom plate, wherein one group of stereolithography component includes one group of return manifolds and one group of fluid channel Access structure；The electroforming metal layer above the exposed surface of the bottom plate and the outer surface of one group of stereolithography component；With And heat exchanger is removed, and the integral type entirety main body has one group of fluid channel, and at least one in one group of fluid channel It is fluidly connected a bit via one group of return manifolds.

Technical scheme 13 is related to the method according to technical solution 12, and one group of stereolithography component is into one Step includes one group of heat radiating fin structure.

Technical scheme 14 is related to the method according to technical solution 12, and one group of stereolithography component is into one Step is connected to machined manifold segments.

Technical scheme 15 is related to the method according to technical solution 12, and the metal layer includes having different materials Expect the area of characteristic.

Technical scheme 16 is related to the method according to technical solution 15, another compared to the heat exchanger Part, one group of fluid channel access structure have the thermal conductivity of enhancing.

Technical scheme 17 is related to the method according to technical solution 16, logical compared to one group of fluid channel Line structure, one group of return manifolds have the tensile strength of enhancing.

Technical scheme 18 is related to a kind of heat exchanger comprising：Integral type entirety main body comprising：Described Integral type integrally leads intracorporal one group of fluid channel, wherein at least one fluid channel in one group of fluid channel includes heat Enhancing structure；Manifold connection with entrance and exit；Fluidly connect one group of at least some of described one group of fluid channel Return manifolds；And one group of cooling fin.

Technical scheme 19 is related to the heat exchanger according to technical solution 18, compared to the whole main body Second part, the integral type entirety main body have the thermal conductivity of enhancing adjacent to the part of one group of fluid channel, and compare In the whole main body adjacent to the part of one group of fluid channel, one group of return manifolds have the stretch-proof of enhancing Intensity.

Technical scheme 20 is related to the heat exchanger according to technical solution 18, dissipating in one group of cooling fin Backing includes with the main body from the side that at least one distal portions of the cooling fin extend.

Detailed description of the invention

In the accompanying drawings：

Fig. 1 be according to various aspects described herein include with installation heat exchanger cover propeller for turboprop The schematic diagram of machine assemblies.

Fig. 2 be according to various aspects described herein may include the heat in the propeller for turboprop machine assemblies of Fig. 1 The perspective view of exchanger.

Fig. 3 is the exploded view of the heat exchanger of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the heat exchanger according to the Fig. 2 of various aspects described herein intercepted across the IV-IV section of Fig. 2 Cross-sectional view, illustrate the hot enhancing structure being set in the inside for the fluid channel being arranged in a heat exchanger.

Fig. 5 is the perspective view for illustrating the bottom of the heat exchanger of Fig. 2 of one group of cooling fin.

Fig. 6 is two with heat release hole and Fig. 5 by shield interconnection according to various aspects described herein The perspective view of a cooling fin.

Fig. 7 is to illustrate to hand over across heat according to the perspective view of the heat exchanger of Fig. 2 of various aspects described herein Parallel operation and the flow path that heat exchanger is separated into the area with dissimilar material properties.

Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the heat exchanger of Fig. 2, and two of them mounting bracket is decomposed around the either side of heat exchanger To install heat exchanger.

Fig. 9 is mounted to the perspective view of the sacrifice mold of the machined element for the heat exchanger for being used to form Fig. 2.

Figure 10 is one with one group of groove for being used to form fluid channel according to various aspects described herein The perspective view of a bar strip, the fluid channel have the hot enhancing structure of Fig. 2 and 4.

Figure 11 is the flow chart for illustrating to be formed the method for heat exchanger of Fig. 2.

Figure 12 is the heat exchanger for being in Fig. 2 according to various aspects described herein using multiple cathode electroforming The perspective view of the exemplary electroplating bath of the signal of the component of form.

Figure 13 is the schematic sectional view for the bottom plate that the method for Figure 11 is utilized.

Figure 14 is the schematic sectional view of the bottom plate of Figure 13, wherein sacrificing die form (sacrificial mold Forms) it is connected to bottom plate.

Figure 15 is the bottom plate of Figure 14 and the schematic sectional view for sacrificing die form, including electroforming in bottom plate and sacrifices mold The metal layer of whole main body is formed above form.

Figure 16 is the schematic sectional view for removing the whole main body for the Figure 15 for sacrificing die form.

Figure 17 is the curve graph of the pulse current for the component that explanation is used to form Figure 16.

Figure 18 is the curve graph of the reverse pulse current for the component that explanation is used to form Figure 16.

Specific embodiment

The embodiments described herein is related to heat exchanger, and more specifically to cooled heat exchanger, It utilizes the hot fluid in the cooling heat exchanger of the fluid cold flow transmitted along one or more cooling fins.Heat exchanger can be along Such as the cover installation in the engine of aircraft engine, wherein air stream can provide cooling stream.Demonstration heat exchangers can be used for It provides efficiently cooling.In addition, " heat exchanger " can be with term " cooler " or " surface cooling as used herein, the term Device " is used interchangeably.In addition, heat exchanger illustrates the exemplary whole main body of component as described in this article.It will be appreciated that with Exemplary form illustrates whole main body for heat exchanger, but whole main body can cover extensively a variety of components.As made herein With heat exchanger is suitable for various types of applications, such as, but not limited to turbojet, turbofan, turbine propulsion Engine, aircraft engine, gas turbine, steamturbine, wind turbine and water turbine.As used herein, " one group " It may include any number element, including only one." integral type entirety main body " or " whole main body " as used herein Refer to individually can not separate pieces single main body.

Traditional heat exchanger and heat exchanger assemblies are complicated and may include multiple interconnecting parts.Such heat exchanger can Can be costly and to be labor-intensive, while needing a large amount of maintenance.Similarly, current heat exchanger is not suitable for excellent Heat transmitting at structured thermal transfer surface, the intensity being also unsuitable at the region that optimization is spaced apart with heat transfer surface.

In addition, the embodiments described herein is related to the entirety for being divided into the not same district with dissimilar material properties The component of main body.Although described component is related to the heat exchanger of turbogenerator, it is to be appreciated that component is without being limited thereto, And it especially can be for for multiple and different systems, embodiment or purposes when it is desirable that having the global facility of dissimilar material properties Component.

The various aspects of heat exchanger have improved design, and heat transmitting are improved, while adjusting heat exchanger to change Heat transmitting at kind the wanted region in part, and improve the intensity at the wanted region in other parts.Because heat exchanger can be configured At for using in the oil cooling system of aircraft engine, Fig. 1 provides the environment that the embodiment of the present invention wherein can be used Brief explanation.More specifically, Fig. 1 illustrates the exemplary turbine engine with the longitudinal axis for defining engine centerline 12 Sub-assembly 10.Turbogenerator 16, fan assembly 18 and cabin 20 may include in propeller for turboprop machine assemblies 10.Turbine hair Motivation 16 may include the engine core 22 with compressor 24, burning zone 26, turbine 28 and exhaust outlet 30.Interior hood 32 is radial Around engine core 22.

For the sake of clarity, the part of cabin 20 has been cut off.Cabin 20 surrounds the turbogenerator 16 including interior hood 32. By this method, cabin 20 forms the outer hood 34 radially around interior hood 32.Outer hood 34 is spaced apart with interior hood 32 with inside Circular passage 36 is formed between hood 32 and outer hood 34.Circular passage 36 characterization, formed or define in other ways nozzle and Bypass gas flow path generally from front to back.Fan guard sub-assembly 38 with annular front shroud 40 and back cover 42 can be formed by machine The part for the outer hood 34 that cabin 20 is formed, or can get off via support rod (not shown) from the partial suspension of cabin 20.

In operation, air stream passing through fan sub-assembly 18, and the first part 44 of air-flow is defeated with channel by compressor 24 It send, wherein air-flow is further compressed and is transmitted to burning zone 26.The hot of burning (not shown) from burning zone 26 is used In driving turbine 28, and therefore generate motor power.Circular passage 36 is used to bypass from the wind around engine core 22 The second part 46 for the air-flow that fan sub-assembly 18 is discharged.

Unique heat management challenge can be presented in propeller for turboprop machine assemblies 10, and heat exchangers 50 could attach to whirlpool To assist the second part 46 via the air-flow being discharged from fan assembly 18 to pass by advection heat on turbine sub-assembly 10 Pass dissipation heat.In an exemplary embodiment, heat exchangers 50 may be mounted to ring-type fan cover 52 and operatively It is connected to ring-type fan cover 52, the ring-type fan cover 52 has the circular periphery wall 54 for the interior section for forming outer hood 34. In one non-limiting example, it can be surface ventilation type oil cooler that the heat exchanger at fan guard 52, which is arranged in,.Thus, heat Exchanger 50 may be disposed to be transmitted to heat from the heated fluid for passing through surface ventilation type oil cooler to flow through to be formed as annular logical The air of the bypass duct in road 36.

In non-limiting example, fan guard 52 can be fan guard sub-assembly 38 or front shroud 40 or back cover 42.It will be appreciated that Fan guard 52 can be any cover region, so that cover surrounds any of the part of the circulating line to be defined by fan guard sub-assembly 38 Constructional hardware.Therefore, heat exchanger 50 can be connected to fan in any position along the pipeline defined by cover sub-assembly 38 Cover 52.Although surface-cooler 50 has been illustrated as in the downstream of fan assembly 18, and is installed to the posterior of fan guard 52 Point, but it is also contemplated that, heat exchanger 50 is alternatively in the upstream of fan assembly 18, or along outer hood 34 or fan guard 52 Any position at.Further, though undeclared, heat exchanger 50 can be located at neighbouring interior hood 32.Thus, it should be understood that Heat exchanger 50 can be positioned on any position of the axial length along circular passage 36.

In Fig. 2, heat exchanger 50 illustrates that being includes manifold 60, and the manifold 60, which has, encases inlet duct 64 and outlet The shell 62 of pipeline 66.Integral type entirety main body 68 may include and defining first surface 70 and the second table in heat exchanger 50 Face 72.Whole main body 68 can be configured to use in aircraft engine, or can be used for any suitable heat exchanger and implement Scheme.

First manifold connection 74 connects 76 with the second manifold and is included in whole main body 68.The connection 74 of first manifold is in entrance Manifold 60 is connected to whole main body 68 at pipeline 64, and the second manifold connection 76 connects whole main body 68 at outlet conduit 66 It is connected to manifold 60.It will be appreciated that the first manifold connects 74 Hes although inlet duct 64 and outlet conduit 66 indicate flow direction Second manifold connection 76 can be arranged with any organizational form, to provide the flowing for arriving whole main body 68 in any direction.In addition, Although illustrating to connect 74,76 for two individual manifolds, it should be understood that, it is contemplated that any number includes single manifold connection.

One group of fluid channel 82 is included in whole main body 68, and the surface in such channel can at least partly define first The shape on surface 74.One group of fluid channel 82 can be divided into connect with the first manifold first group of fluid channel 84 that 74 are aligned and 76 second group of fluid channel 86 being aligned are connect with the second manifold.Access 80 can be formed in interior, the first group of fluid of whole main body 68 Between channel 84 and second group of fluid channel 86.Or, it is contemplated that whole main body 68 is formed as not having access 80.

One group of return manifolds 88 is included in whole main body 68, and may be fluidly connected in fluid channel 82 at least one A bit, first group of fluid channel 84 and second group of fluid channel 86 are fluidly connected such as.Heat exchangers 50 of demonstrating include three Return manifolds 88.It will be appreciated that using any number return manifolds, including one or more, and manifold can have it is any Suitable shape and any number fluidly connect.

One group of cooling fin 90 also is included in whole main body 68.One group of cooling fin 90 can prolong from second surface 72 It stretches.In one non-limiting example, second surface 72 can be flat, to provide uniform outer surface, for extending heat dissipation Piece 90.One group of cooling fin 90 may include the one or more shields 92 being arranged on cooling fin 90.Shield 92 can be at one Or extend partially or completely between multiple neighbouring cooling fins 90 along cooling fin 90.Thus, it is contemplated that any group of shield 92 It knits.One or more heat release holes 94 can be formed in cooling fin 90.Heat release hole 94 can extend from the either side of cooling fin 90.Separately Outside, it is contemplated that heat release hole 94 is arranged on shield 92.In addition, in non-limiting example, it is contemplated that cooling fin 90 may include additional Geometry, such as winglet or spiral shape rib.

Support bracket 96 can be operatively coupled to manifold 60, to support manifold 60 relative to whole main body 68. Support bracket 96 is formed as the part of whole main body 68, or can be the individual component for being connected to whole main body 68.

The element of heat exchanger 50 is better described in exploded view in Fig. 3.It will be appreciated that although explanation is the combination decomposed Part, but integral type entirety main body 68 includes that the first manifold connection 74 connects 76, one groups of fluid channels 82 with the second manifold, returns Manifold 88 and cooling fin 90 are used as one-piece, unitary member, and merely to promote the reason to the specific part of whole main body 68 It solves and decomposes.

It is better described as simulated in exploded view, the first manifold connection 74 includes being adapted to via (for example) direct ion Metal deposit is connected to the entrance 100 of the inlet duct 64 of manifold 60.Outlet 102 in second manifold connection 76 is adapted to class The outlet conduit 66 of manifold 60 is connected to like mode.Alternatively, entrance 100 may be provided in the second manifold connection 76, and export 102 It may be provided in the first manifold connection 74, this is limited by the flow direction by heat exchanger 50.One group of opening 104 can be first Manifold connection 74 connects in 76 with the second manifold to be formed, complementary with one group of fluid channel 82 to flow entrance 100 and outlet 102 Body it is connected to one group of fluid channel 82.Similarly, one group of opening 106 may be provided on return manifolds 88, with one group of fluid 82 complementation of channel is to be fluidly connected to fluid channel 82 for return manifolds 88.

In exemplary illustrated, return manifolds 88 can be divided into the first return manifolds 110,112 and of the second return manifolds Third return manifolds 114, wherein each return manifolds 88 have arrival end 116 and outlet end 118.First return manifolds 110 can For substantially flat, and the second return manifolds 112 can have one group of first slope 120, and third return manifolds 114 can have One group of second slope 122 that the side opposite with first slope upwardly extends.First slope 120 can determine the second return manifolds 112 Position is above the first return manifolds 110, and third return manifolds 114 can be located in the first return manifolds 110 by the second slope 122 Lower section.Thus, required longitudinal degree of return manifolds 88 is minimized, to save space.In addition, manifold is for remaining several Uniform flow distribution and relevant pressure drop.As shown, each arrival end 116 and outlet end 118 may include four openings 106, it is contemplated that the number of opening 106 is complementary with the number of fluid channel 82.In an alternate examples, whole main body 68 It may include two return manifolds 88, each return manifolds have that there are six openings at arrival end 116 and outlet end 118.It will be appreciated that The number of return manifolds 88 can be adapted to minimize and make between first group of fluid channel 84 and second group of fluid channel 86 Fluid turns to the relevant pressure loss.Using three manifolds 88 make across individual passage flowing more evenly, this can be by making The length of manifold 88 keeps almost equal and realizes.By making the flow velocity across all fluid channels remain almost equal, tieed up The uniformity for the flowing held facilitates the flowing of balance channel and the related convective heat transfer in each channel.Similarly, it will return Manifold 88 is returned to be divided into multiple portions the intensity of return manifolds 88 may make to increase.It will be appreciated that the number for changing return manifolds 88 can For minimizing the pressure loss, flow efficiency and integral type intensity for specific heat exchanger 50 balance.

In addition, the number in the channel in one group of fluid channel 82 can be with the volume or sectional area phase of individual fluid channel 82 Balance, based on the required flow rate maximum heat transfer efficiency by heat exchanger 50.The number of return manifolds 88 can It is adjusted according to the needs of one group of fluid channel 82.One group of fluid channel 82 is illustrated as exemplary cylindrical channel, has Circular cross-sectional profile.Circumference stress efficiency of the circular cross-sectional profile more suitable for fluid channel 82.Cylindrical tube is for dividing It dissipates stress and permits wall thickness to reduce to minimize for general components weight being most effective.Or, it is contemplated that any cross section shape Shape or area.Such cross-sectional shape or the adaptable heat biography at maximization from the fluid for passing through one group of fluid channel 82 of area It passs.In non-limiting example, such size setting can be based on expected flow rate or local temperature.

The first arm 130 and the second arm 132 of Support bracket 96 form the support 134 for placing manifold 60.Supporting leg 136 from Support 134 extends.In order to which manifold 60 is installed in whole main body 68 or is forming whole main body 68 relative to Support bracket 96 Period, the size of supporting leg 136 can be set to fit in access 80.Although it is not shown, the first arm 130 or the second arm 132 It can optionally include the hole for being mechanically fastened to Support bracket 96 when not integrated with whole main body 68 on manifold 60 Mouthful.

Fig. 4 shows the sectional view across the section IV-IV of Fig. 2 one group of fluid channel 82 intercepted.One group of winglet 140 can be from dissipating One end of backing 90 extends.Winglet 140 is formed as the triangular extensions of cooling fin 90.For example, winglet 140 can position On the downstream end of cooling fin 90, for increasing the heat exchanger generated by cooling fin 90, heat release hole 94 or shield 92 The local turbulent in 50 downstreams.As shown, heat release hole 94 is arranged along the almost whole length of cooling fin 90.In alternate examples In, it is contemplated that heat release hole 94 is arranged only along a part of cooling fin 90, or be organized into based on neighbouring cooling fin 90, shield 92 or Turbulent flow caused by other heat release holes 94 and mixed flow mode carry out maximum heat transfer.In addition, additional or alternative enhancing is special Sign can be arranged on cooling fin 90 along heat exchange surface, to generate local turbulent and destroy boundary layer, to increase advection heat Transmitting.Any such geometry is formed using electrocasting method as described in this article or convective heat transfer is promoted to improve The geometry of additional complexity, wherein traditional tooling costly or can not can be carried out.

Hot enhancing structure 144 can be formed in one or more of one group of fluid channel 82.Hot enhancing structure 144 is shown For one group of half-spiral rib 146.Rib 146 can extend along at least part of the length of fluid channel 82.Optionally, rib Item 146 is formed as the single continuous helical shape rib extended along the length of fluid channel 82.In additional alternate examples In, hot enhancing structure can be zigzag object, convex block, protruding portion, protuberantia, turbulator, or be intended to enhancing across fluid channel 82 Any similar structures of flowing.Or, it is contemplated that hot enhancing structure 144 can form the negative feature in the wall of fluid channel 82 (negative feature), so that enhancing is flowed across the fluid of fluid channel 82.While shown as in all fluid channels In 82, but hot enhancing structure 144 can be formed at least one fluid channel 82.Such hot enhancing structure 144 it is adaptable at Improve the heat transmitting in the part of whole main body 68, while the weight that balance is added on heat exchanger 50.For example, can be every one Hot enhancing structure is arranged in a fluid channel 82.In another example again, hot enhancing structure 144 be may be provided in whole main body 68 Near the heart, wherein heat can be easier to assemble.

Referring now to Fig. 5, the bottom view of heat exchanger 50 better illustrates the cooling fin 90 organized along second surface 72. The direction that cooling fin 90 extends can be orthogonal with the direction of one group of fluid channel 82.Although showing 18 cooling fins 90, It is also contemplated that any number of cooling fin 90.The spacing of cooling fin 90 is adaptable gentle across the heat transmitting of cooling fin 90 at maximization Stream.

Cooling fin 90 can have main body 154.Shield 92 forms the side 150 of cooling fin 90, and can be formed in cooling fin At the distal end 152 of 90 main body 154, while being spaced apart with second surface 72 and crossing over two cooling fins 90.Shield 92 is used for Including passing through the fluid stream of cooling fin 90, flowed out across the distal end of cooling fin 90 152 from manifold bodies 68 to prevent from flowing.It prevents Stream outflow increases the efficiency of cooling fin 90.Although shield 92 is shown as only covering a part of cooling fin 90, answer Solution, shield 92 can extend in any position along any length of cooling fin 90, and may span across in any organizational form Multiple lateral heat dissipation pieces 90.Additionally, it is contemplated that shield 92 is connected only to single cooling fin 90.By utilizing multiple shields 92, Cooling fin 90 is adaptable at maximum efficiency, while minimizing weight.

Referring now to Fig. 6, illustrate the cooling fin 90 of two separation interconnected by two shields 92.Although illustrate for it is whole Phosphor bodies 68 separate, however, it is understood that cooling fin 90 is formed as the part of whole main body 68, and illustrate to be separated be in order to Promote the understanding to cooling fin 90.

Opening 160 can be formed in heat release hole 94.Opening 160 can permit fluid stream pass through heat release hole 94 to cooling fin 90 The other side.Opening 160 is used to form the non-linear flow path that cooling fin 90 is passed through for fluid, to improve along cooling fin 90 Heat transfer coefficient.Heat release hole 94 further provides for the surface region increased to improve the heat transmitting from cooling fin 90.Although institute There is heat release hole 94 to extend as described along the side of cooling fin 90, split shed 160 is all towards same side positioning, still It will be appreciated that heat release hole 94 can extend on the either side of cooling fin 90 or on the two sides of cooling fin 90.It is non-limiting at one In alternate examples, heat release hole 94, which can be organized on the either side of cooling fin 90, moves back and forth stream across opening 160.

In alternate examples, cooling fin 90 may include the heat release hole 94 of any shape, with or without opening 160.In non-limiting example, heat release hole 94 is formed as the alternative element extended from main body 98, such as turbulator, convex block Or extra heat dissipation piece, to influence the fluid stream transmitted along cooling fin 90.

Fig. 7 illustrates the flow path 170 defined across heat exchanger 50.It is transmitted to the heated of the fluid 172 of manifold 60 Stream can enter inlet duct 64, and be transmitted in the first manifold connection 74.First manifold connection 74 can disperse along position is widened Heated fluid 172, and pass through in the 104 to the first group fluid channel 84 of opening.Heated fluid 172 is along first group of fluid channel 84 Transmitting.Heat from heated fluid 172 can be transmitted in whole main body 68, and enter cooling fin 90.The stream of cold fluid 174, Such as the air stream of the bypass section across turbogenerator, it may pass through cooling fin 90, and convection current is cooling from the transmitting of the stream of fluid 172 To the heat of cooling fin 90.Although described as heated fluid 172 and cold fluid 174, but heated fluid 172 is not necessarily high-temperature stream Body, and cold fluid 174 is not necessarily low temperature.Heated fluid 172 is only needed than 174 heat of cold fluid, and cold fluid 172 only needs to compare Heated fluid 172 is cold, to promote the heat transmitting by heat exchanger 50.

The stream of heated fluid 172 leaves first group of fluid channel 84, and is transmitted in return manifolds 88, and be turned through and return Manifold is returned for delivery in second group of fluid channel 86.In second group of fluid channel 86, fluid 172 by additional in hot-fluid Heat can be transmitted in cooling fin 90, wherein passing through the stream of the fluid 174 of cooling fin 90 can further be removed with convection type from one The heat that group fluid channel 82 transmits.Now pass through heat exchanger 50 via cooling fin 90 cool down fluid 172 can by hot-fluid It is transmitted in the second manifold connection 76.Second manifold passage 76 can be used for converging the stream of fluid 172 by going out in manifold 60 The stream of fluid 172 is discharged in mouth pipeline 66.

Whole main body 68 can be divided into the area with dissimilar material properties.Exemplary materials characteristic may include so that tension Stretch the increased hardness of intensity or increased thermal conductivity.In non-limiting example, alternative characteristic may include improving Electric conductivity, fusing point, surface hardness, wearability, anticorrosive property or thermal expansion rates.Such exemplary characteristics can be institute such as herein The result of the electroforming entirety main body 68 of description.

First area 180 of heat exchanger 50 can be defined at one group of fluid channel 82 and cooling fin 90.Compared to along whole Phosphor bodies 68 can have increased thermal conductivity adjacent to the second area 182 of cooling fin 90, the first area 180 of whole main body 68.It is whole Second area 182 of main body 68 may include that one group of return manifolds 88 and the first manifold connection 74 connect 76 with the second manifold.Compared to First area 180, i.e. one group of fluid channel 82 and cooling fin 90, the second area 182 may include increased hardness or increased stretch-proof Intensity.Additionally, it is contemplated that the fluid channel 82 in the first area 180 there can be increased tensile strength, and there is the thermally conductive of reduction Property, to permit greater amount of heat transmitting towards cooling fin 90 for convection current removal.With including with for example increased anti- The heat exchanger in multiple areas of the dissimilar material properties such as tensile strength or thermal conductivity can provide it is a kind of can local directed complete set heat exchange Device, thus the thermal conductivity at maximum heat transfer region, while maximizing the component at the other regions for needing increased intensity Intensity.In addition, using area's maximizing efficiency, while balanced engine weight.Heat exchange can be improved in the thermal conductivity of raising Device efficiency, and the intensity improved is safeguarded needed for can minimizing and increases component service life.Fig. 8 explanation is decomposed from heat exchanger 50 One group of mounting bracket 190.Mounting bracket 190 includes main body 192, and the main body 192 has a pair of posts 194 and groove 196. Wear-resistant material 198 may be provided in groove 196 to define slit 200.In one non-limiting example, wear-resistant material 198 can For polyether-ether-ketone (polyether ether ketone, PEEK).Similarly, wear-resistant material 198 can antivibration, with weaken operating Period heat exchanger 50 operates vibration from any of the transmitting of heat exchanger 50.Slit 200 can be shaped as storing whole master Body 68 is to be fixed to mounting bracket 190 for heat exchanger 50.In one non-limiting example, during assembly, mounting bracket 190 can be installed to the fan guard sub-assembly 38 of Fig. 1 using one or more fasteners.

With reference to Fig. 9, the sub-assembly of stereolithography component 210 may be mounted to including bottom plate 222 and manifold 60 through machinery plus In the Ministry of worker point.The stereolithography sub-assembly being installed on bottom plate 222 and manifold 60 can be used for the heat exchanger 50 of electroforming Fig. 1 to 8.

Stereolithography component combination part 210 includes the first manifold connection structure 212,214, one groups of the second manifold connection structure 216, one groups of return manifolds structures 218 of fluid channel access structure and one group of heat radiating fin structure 220, they adjust be shaped to respectively The first manifold including Fig. 2 connects the 74, second manifold and connects 76, one groups of fluid channels 82, return manifolds 88 and cooling fin 90 Whole main body 68.It is expected that at least some of stereolithography component combination part 210 is formed as single integral type element, or can lead to It crosses and integrates individual structure and be combined.Optionally, stereolithography component combination part 210 may include Support bracket structure 208, institute It states Support bracket structure 208 and adjusts the part for being shaped to the main body 68 as a whole of Support bracket 96.In a non-limiting example In, stereolithography component combination part 210 can be to serve as the increasing material manufacturing plastic form for sacrificing mold.

Bottom plate 222 can connect stereolithography component combination part 210.In one non-limiting example, bottom plate 222 can be by aluminium It is made, it is further contemplated that additional metal material, such as nickel.Plate groove 224 can be in bottom plate 222 in one group of fluid channel access It is formed between structure 216, is adapted to storage Support bracket structure 208.

During final electroforming process, the first manifold connection structure 212 and the second manifold connection structure 214 can be inserted into molding Onto manifold 60, and molding is coated on the surface of built-up section by institute's deposited metal and is engaged.It should be understood that manifold 60 is simultaneously It is not the part of stereolithography component combination part 210, and in one non-limiting example can be by machined aluminium It is formed, and is connected to stereolithography component combination part at the first manifold connection structure 212 and the second manifold connection structure 214 210.Or, it is contemplated that manifold 60 can be used to form the part of stereolithography component combination part 210.

One group of bar strip 226 can form one group of fluid channel access structure 216.One group of bar strip 226 is mountable in the first manifold Between connection structure 212 and the second manifold connection structure 214 and one group of return manifolds structure 218, and it is positioned on bottom plate 222. Bar strip 226 may include the groove 230 being at least partially disposed at around bar strip 226.With reference to Figure 10, groove 230 can be with spiral shape Mode is arranged only on the part 232 of bar strip 226.Part 232 can cover the lower one third 234 of such as bar strip 226.Spiral shape The adaptable hot enhancing structure 144 for being shaped to Fig. 4 of groove 230.Alternate groove can be access, zigzag object, point or have It is configured to any structure of any geometry of bar strip 226, covers any portion of bar strip 226.Or, it is contemplated that groove 230 can be positive element, extend outwardly from bar strip 226, rather than into bar strip 226.Thus, the hot enhancing structure of the gained of Fig. 4 144 will be to form to the negative feature in the wall of one group of fluid channel 82.

With reference to Figure 11, describe a kind of to form heat exchanger 50 using stereolithography component 210, bottom plate 222 and manifold 60 Method 250.Method may include providing bottom plate, such as bottom plate 222.At 252, method 250 may include by one group of stereolithography portion Part is connected to bottom plate, wherein one group of stereolithography component includes one group of return manifolds and one group of fluid channel access structure. Bottom plate, one group of return manifolds and one group of fluid channel access structure can be 222, one groups of return discriminations of bottom plate as depicted in figure 9 Pipe 218 and one group of fluid channel access structure 216.In addition, one group of stereolithography component can further comprise one group of cooling fin knot Structure, such as one group of heat radiating fin structure 220 of Fig. 9.In method 250, one group of stereolithography component can be connected further to through machine The manifold segments of tool processing, such as manifold as described in this article 60.In an example, manifold segments can be by machined Aluminium is made.

At 254, method 250 can further comprise exposed surface and any other component in bottom plate 222 or manifold 60 Top electroforming metal layer, the outer surface of such as one group stereolithography component of any other component.It is contemplated that before electroforming, Exposed surface can be pre-processed to clean the metal surface of exposure, for string of deposits charged metal ion.Original metal Layer can be formed above exposed surface and stereolithography component, to promote electroforming, such as by electrodeless plating before electroforming It is used as chemical process.In one non-limiting example, electroforming can be increasing material manufacturing, such as electro-deposition.One alternative Example may include plating.Such electro-deposition can be used for forming metal layer by aluminium alloy, it is further contemplated that other alloys.It is non-at one In limitative examples, metal layer can be made of aluminium (Al) and manganese (Mn), such as Al₆Mn.It is included in metal using electro-deposition control The amount of Mn in floor can be used to form the area with dissimilar material properties, such as the area 180,182 of Fig. 7.For example, more a small amount of Mn It may make alloy that there is smaller hardness, while there is increased thermal conductivity, this is opposite with the part with increased hardness.Or Person, more large content of Mn can provide much higher hardness, while have minimum thermal conductivity.Content based on Mn is handed in electroforming heat The content of parallel operation 50 period Mn can be a certain area, such as the first area 180 of Fig. 7, provide increased hardness, or be a certain area, Such as the second area 182 of Fig. 7, the hardness of reduction is provided, while there is the thermal conductivity of raising.Thus, area can have different materials Characteristic, such as the hardness of the enhancing of the tensile strength of raising is generated, or the thermal conductivity of enhancing.In alternate examples, electricity is heavy Product can be used for electroforming metal layer with the increased or reduced conduction with additional material property, such as in non-limiting example Property, fusing point or thermal expansion rates.In one non-limiting example, the metal layer of electroforming can have at 0.030 and 0.050 inch Between wall thickness, the typical wall thickness of the wall ratio typical heat exchanger sub-assembly.

At 256, method 250 can further comprise removing one group of stereolithography component, to define with integral type entirety The heat exchanger of main body, the integral type entirety main body have one group of fluid channel, and at least one in one group of fluid channel It is fluidly connected a bit by one group of return manifolds.In one non-limiting example, the removal of stereolithography component can be rushed by heat It washes or chemical etching is realized.

Referring now to figure 12, exemplary electroplating bath 280 is loaded with single metal component solution 282.In a non-limiting example In, single metal component solution 282 may include the aluminium alloy for being loaded with manganese ion.It is single in a substitution non-limiting example Metal component solution 282 may include the nickel alloy for being loaded with alloy ion.Stereolithography component 284 is arranged in electroplating bath 280.? In one example, stereolithography component 284 can indicate to be used to form the stereolithography of whole main body 68 as described in this article Component combination part 210.Stereolithography component 284 may be connected to bottom plate 286 made of aluminum, such as the bottom of Fig. 9 as described Plate 222.Stereolithography component 284 may include outer surface 288, and the outer surface 288 is similar to Figure 14's described herein Outer surface 270, while bottom plate 286 can have the exposed surface not covered by stereolithography component 284.

Three anodes 290 being spaced apart with cathode 292 are arranged in electroplating bath 280.Anode 290 can be sacrificial anode or lazy Property anode.Although showing three anodes, electroplating bath 280 may include any number anode 290, including one or more It is a.Stereolithography component 284 can form the cathode 292 with conductive material.When the sacrifice mold minimally of component 284 is led When electric or non-conductive, can exterior surface 288 conductive injection is provided or is processed similarly, to promote the formation of cathode 292.Although explanation For a cathode 292, it is to be appreciated that, it is contemplated that one or more cathodes.

The the first barrier mask 300 that can be made of plastics in one non-limiting example can be positioned at stereolithography component 284 tops, so that stereolithography component 284 is divided into the first area 294 on the side of the first barrier mask 300 and first The second area 296 on the other side of barrier mask 300.Second barrier mask 302 can be positioned at stereolithography portion in belt position Around part 284, thus by under the first area 294 and the second area 296 and stereolithography component 284 at the top of stereolithography component The third area 298 of side separates.Barrier mask 300,302 is non-conductive element.One can be placed in each area 294,296,298 Anode 290, the anode 290 are spaced apart with stereolithography component 284.Separating anode 290 using barrier mask 300,302 can use In the local content for controlling alloy ion in metal component solution 282 by separation electrolyte.

May include that the controller 310 of power supply can be electrically connected to anode 290 and cathode 292 by electrical conduits 312, with via Conductive metal component solution 282 forms circuit.It optionally, can be along electrical conduits 312 in controller 310 and anode 290 and yin It include switch 314 or sub-controller between pole 292.Switch 314 is optionally powered to individual anode 290, thus effectively Controller 310 is divided into the multiple power supplys for extending to multiple anodes 290 by ground.Or, it is contemplated that the formation of switch 314 connects by correspondence Controller 310 is connected to provide individual multiple power supplys 314 of independent power for each of anode 290 and cathode 292, this It is opposite with using common power source.

During operation, electric current can be supplied to cathode 292 from anode 290, in stereolithography component 284 and bottom plate 286 Locate electroforming entirety main body.During the supply of electric current, aluminium and manganese from single metal component solution 282 form metal layer, example Such as the metal layer 274 described in Figure 15 and 16, to form whole main body above stereolithography component 284.

Individual position of the anode 290 in individual area 294,296,298 can be used for specifically controlling whole main body It is formed.For example, selectively operating anode 290 using controller 310 or switch 314 can be used for locally determining whole main body Content and formation, so as to for locally determining the material property of whole main body.

Figure 13 illustrates to be formed a step in global facility, such as the step of Figure 12, and can be in as retouched herein The example form for the heat exchanger stated, however, it is understood that method can be used to form any part with dissimilar material properties And it is not limited to heat exchanger as described.The schematic section of electro-deposition sub-assembly 258 may include bottom plate 222 or by metal material Expect manufactured any suitable bottom plate, the machined aluminium in a metal material such as non-limiting example.Bottom It can be flat first side 260 and the second side 262 with one group of extension 264 that plate 222, which can have,.Referring now to figure 14, It may be connected to bottom plate 222 with one group of sacrifice die form through 3D printing that dash line illustrates.One group of sacrifice heat dissipation sheet form 266 Can be arranged along the first flattened side 260, and one group of fluid channel form 268 can along second side 262 extension 264 it Between arrange.Sacrifice mold 266,268 is combined with the expose portion of bottom plate 222 can form outer surface 270.It will be appreciated that sacrificing mold 266,268 a part of bottom plate 222 can be only covered, and is left the exposed surface 272 of bottom plate 222.In a non-limiting example In, sacrificing mold 266,268 can be formed by increasing material manufacturing by plastics.Sacrifice die form (sacrificial mold Forms it) can be made by any suitable increasing material manufacturing or 3D printing method, or can be by any other suitable method system , such as molding or extrusion molding.In the example for being wherein complex component by the component that electro-deposition is formed, it may be necessary to pass through 3D Printing, which is formed, sacrifices die form, to realize the complicated structure for suitably forming complex component.

In Figure 15, it can be formed around the outer surface 270 of plastic form 266,268 and the exposed surface 272 of bottom plate 222 Metal layer 274.Although the layer that metal layer 274 has been described above separately to define, however, it is understood that metal layer 274 can be heavy by electricity Product formed, and can forming member entirety or integral part.Metal layer 274 can utilize local anode, such as Figure 12 that A little local anodes are formed, and the exposing metal part of electro-deposition sub-assembly 258 can form cathode.In order to promote to sacrifice mold 266,268 surroundings form metal layer 274, and the metal jet of similar material, which can be applied to, sacrifices mold 266,268.It is non-at one In limitative examples, metal layer 274 can be made of aluminium alloy.

In Figure 16, sacrifice mold 266,268 is removed to form whole main body 276 around bottom plate 222, described whole Phosphor bodies 276 can be whole main body 68 as described in this article.The sacrifice mold 266,268 removed can be by any suitable Method remove, such as heat flush or chemical etching.In the first non-limiting example, the sacrifice that is removed heat dissipation sheet form 266 can form the cooling fin 90 of Fig. 2, and in another non-limiting example, the victim way form 268 removed can form figure 2 one group of fluid channel 82.

Referring now to figure 17, curve graph 320 illustrates pulse current waveform, and having includes connecting period 324 and break period 326 periodic cycle 322.Using pulse current, can during connecting the period 324 with scheduled current density to one or more Cathode supplies electric current up to a period, and stops electric current then for break period 326 and reach predetermined time amount.The supply of electric current and The periodic cycle 322 of termination can repeat in scheduled time slot.Periodic cycle 322 can indicate the electric current in electroforming global facility The supply of one or more of anode 290 to Figure 12.It, can be in the area in various areas, such as Figure 12 using pulse current waveform 294,296,298 adjacent places use multiple anodes of the anode 290 of such as Figure 12.It is provided using multiple anodes 290 relative to altogether The waveform of cathode potential.

Referring now to figure 18, curve graph 330 illustrates the pulse-reverse current waveform with periodic cycle 332.It limits with spy The connection period 334 of constant current density supply negative current and the break period 336 for not supplying electric current, they form periodic cycle 332.Periodic cycle 332 can indicate that electric current is from the anode 290 of Figure 12 to the supply of cathode 292 in electroforming global facility, and Can with and also be not applied in combination with the pulse current waveform of Figure 17.

The pulse current waveform of Figure 17 or the pulse-reverse current of Figure 18 can be used for generating electricity in the electroplating bath 280 of Figure 12 , via electrophoresis electroforming global facility.Using pulse current or reverse pulse current, in conjunction with other changes of such as fluid temperature (F.T.) Amount can be used for influencing the molecular organization of the metal layer of granularity and whole main body.In the single metal component solution of wherein Figure 12 282 include having in the example of the aluminium of manganese ion, the position of pulse current, reverse current, modulation electric current, the magnitude of current or barrier mask Set the local changes of contents of the manganese ion on the global facility that can be used for making institute's electroforming.These parameters and additional parameter can carry out Change the amount and molecular structure of the manganese to control in the component of electroforming, such as crystallization or quasicrystal construction.It is more using having Multiple anodes 290 of a power supply can be used for dividually controlling the local quantity of the manganese in individual area 294,296,298, with part Adjust the dissimilar material properties in the area of component.

For example, the manganese of 0 to 7.5% content may make alloy to have the crystallite dimension in 15 to 7 microns of (μm) ranges (grain sizes), to be formed such that hardness in the crystal structure from about 1.0 to 2.8 gigapascals (GPa).Similarly, Content is from 8.2 to 12.3 and 13.6 to 15.8 Mn can provide the much smaller crystal grain in the range of 10 to 25 nanometers (nm) Size, while there is the much higher hardness between 4.8 and 5.5GPa.Can be in the Mn content of 50 period of electroforming heat exchanger A certain area provides increased hardness, or provides reduced hardness and increased thermal conductivity.Compared to increased hardness Area, can have increased thermal conductivity and increased electric conductivity with the area of reduced hardness, such as by with 0 to 7.5% The crystal structure that manganese is formed.It is therefore to be understood that the amount for the manganese that control is used to form global facility can be used for determining local material spy Property, such as the hardness of the enhancing of the tensile strength of raising is generated, or the thermal conductivity of enhancing.Although being retouched relative to aluminium and manganese It states, it is to be appreciated that, it is contemplated that alternative metal alloy.Modify content of the ion in such alternative alloy solution it is adaptable at Make the different metal characteristic variations of particular elements.

It can be used for locally controlling the content of manganese using multiple anodes with multiple power supplys to common cathode come adjustment section Part in not same district to have dissimilar material properties.Such as the ginseng of the reverse impulse reverse current of the pulse current or Figure 18 of Figure 17 Several variations and other variables, for example, the number of cathode, multiple power supplys, the function generator of more vairable defined in controller 310, The positioning of current sampler (current thieves), pond temperature or barrier mask 300 can be used for through control metal layer Local content or crystal structure and specifically modify or tune local material characteristics.Specifically, the use of current sampling is available In the locally modulated current density of tuning, and the position of barrier mask can be used for controlling the local content of metal alloy, such as singly Manganese in one metal component solution.

Make it possible to be directed to using multiple area's anodes, one or more cathodes, multiple power supplys, current sampling and barrier mask Identical global facility defines individual area, to permit the local material characteristics that whole main body has dispersion.As in Fig. 4 retouch In the example for the heat exchanger 50 stated, cooling fin 90 and one group of fluid channel 82 can have the thermal conductivity of enhancing to improve hot biography It passs, and manifold connection 74,76 and return manifolds 88 can have the tensile strength of raising to increase component service life and minimum Maintenance or maintenance needed for changing.

It should be further appreciated that heat exchanger as described in this article provide a kind of fully-integrated integrated heat exchanger or Surface ventilation type oil cooler.Whole main body provides reduced totle drilling cost, weight, assembling process operation and component defect.Manufacture The method of heat exchanger can provide the heat exchanger formed by firmer aluminium alloy, and the solidness of the aluminium alloy is than at present Aluminium alloy be up to three times or more.Entirety is reduced to the needs of secondary forming, machining or welding operation by eliminating The manufacturing cost of main body.In addition, waste of material is minimized in the case where not having such secondary operation.

Heat exchanger is used to form complexity by other components that technique as described in this article and method are formed Hot Enhanced feature, such as described in this article include the cooling fin of shield, heat release hole or other elements, the heat enhancing Feature can not be formed using current extrusion molding or Cutting Process.Improved cooling fin provides minimum heat piece height, this can subtract Small overall resistance, so as to improve specific fuel consumption.Shield is used to prevent the loss of the air-flow at the top of by cooling fin.Up to 30% to 40% air-flow can be by leaving at the top of the access between cooling fin.Shield is used to minimize these losses, from And improve integrated heat exchanger efficiency.Similarly, the heat transmitting of the improvement in hot enhancing structure realization body.In addition, forming tool There is the part of the whole main body of increased thermal conductivity to further improve the efficiency of heat exchanger.

Heat exchanger further includes improved component durability and permanence, to realize that totle drilling cost is saved.For whole master The electromolding alloy of body can provide with the longer reinforced alloy of component service life, while reduce required maintenance.Heat exchanger The intensity of raising can provide than designing firm three times at present and ductility is not apparent from the alloy of loss.The intensity of raising realizes drop Low component thickness, to reduce total weight, quality and cost.

In addition, the heat exchanger of the component formed by electro-deposition method as described in this article can have local directed complete set And different material properties, to need the thermal conductivity or knot in custom component, such as non-limiting example according to different parts Structure integrality.

Heat exchanger or surface-cooler equipment have been described above.Although describing this hair about finite population embodiment It is bright, but with equity of the present invention those skilled in the art will understand that can design and not depart from sheet as described in this article The other embodiments of the range of invention.Although having referred to exemplary embodiment describes the present invention, the technology people of fields Member is it should be understood that without departing from the scope of the invention, can carry out various changes and available equivalents replace its yuan Part.In addition, without departing from the essential scope, many modifications can be carried out so that particular condition or material are suitable for Teachings of the present invention.For example, heat exchanger can be configured in many different types of aircraft as described in this article In engine framework or non-aircraft embodiment uses, such as, but not limited to, muti-spool design (extra compressor and turbine section), Gear turbofan type frame structure, the engine for including no ducted fan, single-shaft engine design (single compressor and turbine section) Deng.Therefore, it is intended that the specific embodiment that the present invention is not limited to be published as being intended for carrying out optimal mode of the invention.Cause This, it should be appreciated that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as belonged to true spirit of the invention.

In the degree not yet described, the different characteristic and structure of various embodiments can be in combination with one another as needed.One All explanation is not meant to be interpreted that it cannot be in this way, but be not construed as simplification a feature in all embodiments It describes just in this way.Therefore, it may be necessary to the various features of different embodiments are mixed and matched to form new embodiment, and nothing By whether being expressly recited the new embodiment.The present invention covers all combinations or arrangement of features described herein.

This written description discloses the present invention, including optimal mode using example, and also makes the technology people of fields Member can practice the present invention, including manufacturing and using any device or system and executing any be incorporated to method.The present invention Patentable scope be defined by tbe claims, and may include other realities that those skilled in the art is expected Example.If such other examples have not different from the structural element of the literal language of claims, or if they are wrapped The equivalent structural elements with the literal language of claims without essence difference are included, then they be both scheduled on the model of claims In enclosing.

Claims

1. a kind of cooler for aircraft engine comprising：

Integral type entirety main body comprising integrally lead intracorporal one group of fluid channel, with entrance and exit in the integral type Manifold connection, the one group of return manifolds and one group of cooling fin that at least some of fluidly connect one group of fluid channel.

2. cooler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the integral type entirety main body includes surface ventilation type oil Cooler.

3. cooler according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the integral type entirety main body is arranged to heat from heated Fluid is transmitted to the air for flowing through the bypass duct of the aircraft engine.

4. cooler according to claim 3, which is characterized in that it further comprises mounting bracket, the mounting bracket It is configured to the cooler being installed to the aircraft engine.

5. cooler according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the integral type entirety main body includes having different materials The area of characteristic.

6. cooler according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described compared to the second part of the whole main body Integral type entirety main body has the thermal conductivity of enhancing adjacent to the part of one group of fluid channel.

7. cooler according to claim 6, which is characterized in that compared to the integral type entirety main body adjacent to described one The part of group fluid channel, one group of return manifolds have the tensile strength of enhancing.

8. cooler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one fluid in one group of fluid channel is logical Road includes hot enhancing structure.

9. a kind of method for forming heat exchanger comprising：

Bottom plate is provided；

One group of stereolithography component is connected to the bottom plate, wherein one group of stereolithography component includes one group of return manifolds With one group of fluid channel access structure；

The electroforming metal layer above the exposed surface of the bottom plate and the outer surface of one group of stereolithography component；And

One group of stereolithography component is removed to define the heat exchanger with integral type entirety main body, the integral type Whole main body has one group of fluid channel, and at least some of described one group of fluid channel is via one group of return manifolds fluid Connection.

10. a kind of heat exchanger comprising：

Integral type entirety main body comprising：

Intracorporal one group of fluid channel is integrally led in the integral type, wherein at least one fluid in one group of fluid channel Channel includes hot enhancing structure；

Manifold connection with entrance and exit；

Fluidly connect one group of return manifolds of at least some of described one group of fluid channel；

And

One group of cooling fin.