CN108778775A

CN108778775A - Lighting device with flicker effect

Info

Publication number: CN108778775A
Application number: CN201780013346.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D.K.迪肯; S.M.博埃吉; E.C.V.塔尔戈恩; B.巴坦伯格; J.M.希森; H.W.M.范德登
Original assignee: Koninklijke Philips NV
Current assignee: Koninklijke Philips NV
Priority date: 2016-02-26
Filing date: 2017-02-17
Publication date: 2018-11-09
Also published as: WO2017144371A1; US20190041035A1; EP3419836A1

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of lighting device, and the passage of scintillation light for being configured as presenting Spatial distributions to observer is shown.The device includes lamps and lanterns, which includes the multiple light sources being located on first surface part（28）, and be arranged in the multiple transmission regions being formed in opposite second surface part（32）Side boot up light.Opposite second surface part can define the chamber that primary light source is arranged inside at least partly（14）, the inner surface of middle chamber, which is arranged, to be configured as absorbing in the spectral composition for not directly falling in any light emitted by primary light source on transmission region at least partly.

Description

Lighting device with flicker effect

Technical field

The present invention relates to provide visually attracting illuminating effect, particularly dynamic flicker or the illumination of flash effect dress It sets.Lighting device can be used for example in illumination display or equipment.

Background technology

Dynamic lighting in nature can be charming experience.For example, it is contemplated that being reflected by water droplet or on mobile sea The sunlight of upper reflection, the starlight of drift or the sunlight sporadically stopped by the leaf that trees tremble.

Lighting designer frequently seeks to re-create this noticeable effect of dynamic lighting in time and space. By individually addressing the LED in LED series, temporal dynamic lighting is easily realized.Dynamic lighting spatially --- it takes Certainly in the variation of the luminous intensity of observer position --- usually by using claimed flare pellet, lead glass crystal or more complicated It is realized in solution by spatially shifting the mechanism of LED or optical device.The effect that dynamic lighting spatially creates Fruit is commonly known as glistened or flicker.

Flash of light as decorative effect is frequently used in building and indoor design, high-end to be provided for wall or ceiling Facing（finish）.It is visually attracting, and can provide luxurious or glamour feeling.Most standard passes through It reflects light on mirror-reflection particle or by realizing flash of light through lead glass crystal transmitted light.

This usually by by claimed flare pellet or lead glass crystal be applied on surface and use by be mounted on from surface one away from The reflection of the light of light source transmitting from place is realized.However, in this case, light source must be used as individual component to install, This is aesthetically invasive and installs more cumbersome and complicated.

Interchangeable solution is that lead glass crystal is installed in panel, and incites somebody to action（It is multiple）Light source is directly installed on it The back side on.Here, light source remains hidden, and whole equipment may be provided in single single panel.

However, realizing that it is not ideal to flicker using lead glass crystal.Crystal is usually expensive and again, and they are pacified It is attached in panel to realize described solution far from easy thing.

GB2243223A discloses the irradiation unit designed for the simulation night sky.The device includes illumination panel, the illumination Panel, which has, opens porose foreboard, and includes multiple conventional light sources, is arranged to light being directed towards the foreboard.In light source Each of between location wing reflector element, these elements are provided with will pass through foreboard trepanning projection it is possible the maximum amount of Light.For watching the observer of panel from the outside, the effect similar to the night sky effect that it was studded with stars is created.However, herein In solution, light source keeps visible by the trepanning in foreboard over all angles.As a result, really（Spatial distributions）It dodges Bright effect（Wherein, as people changes position, the point source across display provides the impression for rapidly disappearing and occurring）It is not created It builds.

US2861173 also discloses the lighting device for creating the effect for being similar to the night sky effect that it was studded with stars.According to Bright device has multiple lamps, and in shell, shell is provided in the top surface of top plate each lamp position.Interior screen and external screen are clamped to The bottom surface of top plate, they are arranged in parallel and are separated from each other.Interior screen can be screen in metal, have multiple spaced apart rush Hole, wherein at least approximate mirror-reflection by highly polishing or being coated with white gloss of the surface towards external screen.Spaced apart Punching allows light beam to pass through interior screen, and penetrates multiple hot spots in external screen upslide.External screen is by light diffusion material（Such as muddy plastics） Be made, and can relative to lighting device from any angle hot spot.Equally, really（Spatial distributions）Flicker effect （Wherein, as people changes position, the point source across display provides the impression for rapidly disappearing and occurring）It is not created.

Therefore, this field is required to create the flicker light effect of real Spatial distributions but ratio needs to install light source More compact in the solution with a distance from scintillator panel one and more less expensive than interchangeable lead glass panel solution, Lighter and simpler lighting device.

Invention content

The present invention is defined by the claims.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of lighting device for providing dynamic flicker or flash effect is provided. Lighting device includes exposed outer surface and is arranged in the indoor multiple primary light sources of chamber.Chamber arranges that this is interior with inner surface Surface layout includes at least first surface part and opposite second surface part.Multiple primary light sources are located at first surface part On, and second surface part includes multiple transmission regions.

Each primary light source is arranged to irradiate at least part in multiple transmission regions, to create multiple secondary lights Source.Multiple secondary sources are located on the outer surface of the exposure of lighting device, and each of multiple secondary sources are sent out with light Reflective surface, the light emission surface have anisotropy brightness（luminance）.

Each primary light source is adapted to the light of transmitting special spectrum composition, and the inner surface arrangement of chamber is configured as inhaling Receive at least part in the spectral composition for the light being emitted in the arrangement of the inner surface other than transmission region by primary light source.

In the context of the present invention, exposed outer surface is can be observed outside lighting device and directly by observer Surface.This means that when observer is when the side of the outer surface towards exposure looks up, he can observe exposed appearance It is interfered without any other component by lighting device in face.Because multiple secondary sources are located at the appearance of the exposure of lighting device On face, so these secondary sources can also be observed directly by observer.In the sight of the direction viewing of the outer surface towards exposure The person of examining can observe light emission surface the interfering without any other component by lighting device of each secondary source.

There is each of multiple secondary sources light emission surface, the light emission surface to have anisotropy brightness.Term " brightness " indicates the per unit area luminous intensity for the light advanced in given directions.Brightness instruction is by observer from certain viewing angles Viewing light emission surface will detect how many luminous power.Therefore, brightness, which is light emission surface, will show the instruction more to become clear（Art Language " brightness（brightness）" be commonly used in referring to the subjective impression of brightness）.When the brightness of light emission surface be it is each to When anisotropic, the apparent brightness of light emission surface depends on the visual angle of observer.

In the context of the present invention, light source can be " true " light source or " virtual " light source.In irradiation second surface portion The above-mentioned secondary source that creates is virtual light source when transmission region in point.Primary light source can be true or virtual light source.

In operation, aforementioned illumination apparatus is different location of observer's establishment across the range relative to lighting device And the effect for the light source for being substantially reduced or changing in intensity or spectral composition.

Appearance of each of the true or virtual primary light source on first surface part in the exposure of lighting device Multiple virtual secondary sources are created on face.When watching the outer surface of exposure of lighting device and depending on relative to exposure Outer surface position, observer will have a direct sight with the primary light source for creating multiple secondary sources, or with it is corresponding Primary light source does not have direct sight.

The multiple secondary sources created by primary light source ideally emit light, alternate intervals with the angular range of alternate intervals Angular range be not to be overlapped and also do not adjoin or not approximate multiple angular ranges or angular distribution.In other words, wherein By the angular range or angular distribution of the light of secondary source transmitting and without the light emitted by secondary source（Or at least significantly Less light）Section be spaced apart, to form the discontinuously arranged of light.

When observer is in the angular range of the light emitted by secondary source, when he looks up in the side of lighting device When, he has direct sight with the primary light source for creating multiple secondary sources.When observer is not by secondary source transmitting When in the section of light, he does not have direct sight with corresponding primary light source.

Under such arrangement, when primary light source, transmission region and observer's eyes are all aligned, sent out by primary light source The full spectral composition for the light penetrated is incident at the eyes of observer, and observer perceives and sent out from the position in optical transmission window region The bright luminous point of the high intensity gone out.If observer slightly moves its position so that the alignment is destroyed, then is come from corresponding first At least partly stop being incident at his eyes in the spectral composition of the light of grade light source, and bright hot spot provides and disappears from the visual field It loses or is at least substantially reduced intensity or change the performance of spectral composition.When the entire front surface across device repeats, create Occur across the broad range of different location throughout device for observer, almost moment appearing and subsiding is bright The effect of bright light source, and confrontation is set in darker or dim background or at least has and creates flicker effect The different spectral composition of light background effect.In this way, the flicker light effect of real Spatial distributions is created.

In order to make effect maximize, it is necessary to ensure that the misalignment of any primary light source, transmission region and the eyes of observer Directly result in the perception that primary light source is completely disappeared from the visual field or almost disappeared.It exactly realizes in this way really Flicker, shown with the only isotropism of point light source opposite（As above with reference to described in the prior art）.This is wanted in turn It asks around the outer surface of the exposure of any virtual secondary source and lighting device indicated by the transmission region being properly aligned with There are sufficiently strong intensity difference exclusive or contrasts between surface region.

To achieve it, the present invention provides be arranged in the chamber defined by one or more inner surfaces or part is defined Indoor primary light source, one or more inner surfaces, which are configured as absorbing at least partly, does not directly fall in appointing on transmission region He Guang.This effect is to ensure that from device indirectly（Such as via reflection）Any light of transmitting has to be led to by primary light source It crosses the light that transmission region directly emits and compares reduced intensity or spectral composition.It is directly being aligned which ensure that being created for observer Primary light source and misalignment regional transmission rest part between enough striking contrasts.

According to some embodiments, inner surface arrangement is configured as light absorbing full spectral composition.In this case, chamber Inner surface be configured as absorbing the substantially all light not being directly incident on transmission region.Therefore, this prevent chamber sheets Light in body it is any（It is secondary）Reflection, and light is effectively prevented from all effusions indirectly in device.This is provided The primary light source of alignment and the transmission region of misalignment（And the surrounding surface areas of device front）Between maximum intensity pair Than.

However, in alternative embodiments, inner surface arrangement can be adapted to one in only light absorbing spectral composition Part.In this case, some secondary reflections can occur for the light not being directly incident on transmission region, but not be not change The state of change.On the contrary, wall is configured as the part in absorption spectrum composition so that light through reflection has different from incident light Composition.Therefore, in the case where escaping any such light through reflection of device, emit in the light directly emitted and indirectly Between light keep significance degree apparent comparison, surmount via（It is multiple）Inner surface partially absorbs caused any intensity difference It is different.

In embodiment, the spectral composition of light can refer to the spectral profile of light, it is meant that form the component frequency of the radiation of light The composition of rate.In this example, it includes the spectrum group for falling one or more frequency components except visible spectrum that light, which can have, At.In some cases, spectral composition can imply the light of particular color, or can imply be color combination light, such as The white light of specific colour temperature.

It is configured as only absorbing the part in the spectral composition of the light emitted by primary light source in wherein inner surface arrangement In example, which can have the effect of changing the apparent colour or colour temperature of light, that is, the wall of chamber reflects and by primary light source The different light of the light color of transmitting.Inner surface arrangement can for example include colouring by tin plating or picture shade or otherwise（This A little words are intended to its general, conventional meaning）One or more inner surfaces so that they only reflect the electromagnetism spoke of certain frequencies It penetrates.

According to one or more embodiments, first surface part can be adapted to absorb the spectrum group of incident light on it At least part in.However, in other embodiments, first surface part can not absorb in this way.For example, In the case of using being adapted to emit the primary light source of light in the angular range no more than 180 °, the secondary counter of light may be realized The even complete reduction penetrated, as long as honest each inner surface within the scope of described 180 ° is suitably really in inner surface arrangement Absorbability.In this case, first surface part is although be adapted to absorb, but still cannot be the source of secondary reflection, Because can directly reach it from primary light source without the light emitted, or indirectly via the reflection from other inner surfaces Reach it.

Any embodiment according to the present invention, inner surface arrangement may include single inner surface or multiple inner surfaces.Interior table Face arrangement refers to the arrangement formed by the complete inner surface of chamber.In some cases, for example, the device may include ball Shape or the chamber that elliptically defines（Or similar unconventional deformed shape）, wherein inner surface arrangement can only include by External shell or define spherical chamber structure inner surface formed single continuous inner surface.

However, in other cases, chamber can be for example including panel or box-like chamber, and wherein inner surface arrangement includes more A inner surface.In this case, which can be for example including panel, which has the backboard, preceding for defining chamber together Plate and side wall.

In any the above situation, inner surface arrangement in some instances can only include chamber outside define structure or The inner surface of shell, or may further include the additional auxiliary surface to be formed and be arranged in chamber itself.

In this example, surface portion may be constructed section, region or the segment on one or more wider surfaces.However, In other examples, themselves it may be constructed single（Individually）Surface.For example, being defined including spherical ground or elliptically in device Chamber（Or similar but unconventional deformed shape）In the case of, second surface part may include the spherical shell for defining chamber Part, segment, section or the region of the inner surface or interior surface of body or shell.In this case, first surface part can With the opposing sections of the inner surface including the spherical housing, or can alternatively include setting chamber it is indoor auxiliary or Some or all of in additional surface element, such as near or at the center of the spherical chamber limited by external spherical housing.

However, in the case where device includes the panel columnar structure for example with cuboidal chamber, second surface part can The structure of chamber or the entire front panel of frame are defined to constitute.In this case, first surface part may include defining The structure of chamber or the entire back panel element of frame.

In this example or other examples, first surface part may include the wall for the panel for partially or completely defining chamber Inner surface in it is entire or a part of, or can include alternatively the indoor auxiliary surface of chamber（For example, special installation table Face）In it is entire or a part of.

One or more example according to the present invention, transmission region may include hole in opposite surface portion, trepanning Or opening, or can include alternatively the window element formed by translucent material.

It is desirable that chamber and the transmission region of opposite surface portion are defined out or are sealed completely and open.In this way, it gives Maximum protection is given, in order to avoid may interfere with the entrance of the undesirable external ambient light of the optical manipulation of device.In addition, this is carried Maximum protection has been supplied, in order to avoid light is from the undesirable effusion of chamber（This may reduce or weaken in illuminated transparent area Domain（From the visual angle of observer）With the contrast between front panel or the surrounding surface areas on surface）.

In this example, inner surface arrangement can be configured as in the spectral composition for fully absorbing the light emitted by primary light source At least part.In other examples, inner surface arrangement can be configured as the partly absorbing light emitted by primary light source Spectral composition in all or part.Under any circumstance, be provided to ensure can in any secondary reflection light for the arrangement Before leaving chamber, any secondary reflection light of chamber is left really in terms of one or two of its intensity or spectral composition It is reduced.

According to one or more embodiments, lighting device may include the primary for the light for being adapted to the first spectral composition of transmitting At least first part in light source, and be adapted to transmitting the second spectral composition light primary light source at least second Point.Lighting device can also include one or more optical elements, the one or more optical element be adapted to guide together by The transparent area that the light of at least first part transmitting in primary light source passes through opposite surface portion with the first propagation angle range Domain, and the light by at least second part transmitting in primary light source is guided to pass through transmission region with the second propagation angle range.

In these examples, observer is observed that when from first angle range viewing apparatus relative to device The light of one color, and can perceive the light of different colours when being watched from the second angle range relative to device.Work as sight When the person of examining changes its position relative to device, they can observe in mobile and towards first group of direction relative to device when To the first color, and it can observe the second color in mobile and towards second group of direction relative to device when.

In some examples of above-described embodiment, optical element may include light blocking components, is adapted to deflect or inhale Receive at least part of the light by at least first and/or second part transmitting in primary light source.These elements together provide It guides the light of the first spectral composition across the first propagation angle range by transmission region and guides the light of the second composition across the The effect that two angular ranges pass through transmission region.

Additionally or alternatively, in some instances, at least first part in primary light source can be arranged in from phase To the first distance of surface portion at, and at least second part in primary light source can be arranged in from opposite surface portion At second distance, wherein optical element is arranged between the first and second parts of primary light source.

In this case, first angle range may include second angle range（Vice versa）, i.e. the second range position In in the first range.Here, light can be emitted across broader first angle range closer to the part of transmission region, and most Remote part can emit the light for being conducted through transmission region across only narrower angular range by means of optical element.In this way Effect be that in the relatively narrow angular range, observer can perceive two different colors of light（Corresponding to first and Both two spectral compositions）, and in remaining angle, can only perceive the light of the second or first color.

In any above-mentioned example, primary light source can include alternatively the different light of the spectrum of more than two part Source, for example, three or more parts light source, each part includes being adapted to transmitting to have spectrum different from other parts The source of the light of composition.

In addition, in above-mentioned or any other embodiments examples, one or more of primary light source can be adapted to Individually transmitting has the light across the first spectral composition of the first propagation angle range, and transmitting has across the second angle of propagation Spend the light of the second spectral composition of range.Alternatively, one or more of primary light sources can not be sent out at different angles Different spectral compositions is penetrated, but can be simply adapted to across the first composition of first part's transmitting in light emission surface Light, and the light formed across the second part transmitting second in light emission surface.Different spectral compositions can imply difference The light of color.In any the above situation, one or more of in primary light source can be adapted to transmitting and color ladder is presented The light of degree.

In a specific example, one or more of primary light source may include being adapted to emit more than one color The single photocell of light, or may include the light source with multiple individual components, multiple individual component is configured as Cooperating is more than the light of single color to generate.In any case, these multiple colors can be individually（In isolation）It is raw At, or generate simultaneously with one another.In some examples, one or more of primary light source may include RGB LED and/or can To include the cooperating components of one or more of each of R LED dies, G LED dies and B LED dies.In example In, the intensity of each LED die or light source can be independently adjustable whole and/or multiple LED light sources（Such as）In each list Only LED can be separately addressable.

In one or more embodiments, primary light source can respectively have a corresponding optical axis, and transmission region can be with Form or be arranged so that neither one is located on any corresponding optical axis.For example, primary light source can be arranged in from light transmission At the position of the position transverse shift in region, wherein transverse shift means to move up in the direction for being parallel to opposite surface portion Position.

In this way, element may be disposed so that the observer through transmission region direct viewing cannot see that setting In the arrangement or pattern of the indoor primary light source of chamber.Which increase the whole aesthetic effect of lighting device, which will be to The observer for moving through device provides astonishing and mysterious flicker effect, wherein the source of the light to glisten keeps being mould Paste.

According to one or more embodiments, lighting device can also include being arranged in the indoor light blocking components of chamber, cloth It is set to and is overlapped with the optical transmission window element of opposite surface portion and cover the light inlet window of opposite surface portion at least partly Mouth element, to stop that light is escaped across one or more propagation angle ranges by regional transmission.

In this example, lighting device may include the first pattern of transmission region and the second pattern of primary light source, and second Pattern is different from the first pattern.In this way, transmission region and primary light source can be respectively arranged, so as not to aligned with each other or It overlaps, the arrangement to help to maintain primary light source hides observer.

In some cases, the second pattern can be irregular pattern, such as random or semi-random pattern.By using not Regular or semi-random pattern, gives the degree of freedom of bigger in terms of the arrangement of transmission region or configuration, because these can be with（Reason By upper）It is configured according to any desired pattern, while substantially avoiding the alignment with primary light source.

According to one or more embodiments, lighting device can also include one or more optical sensor components, and described one A or multiple optical sensor components arrange close to second surface part, and each optical sensor components be configured as measuring by Luminous intensity at one section of the outer surface of one second surface part in nearly transmission region.Directly adjoined by monitoring The light level at a part in the front surface of the device of transmission region, with this information it is possible to determine adjoin described in regional transmission and front surface The experience of contrast between adjacent part measures（Assuming that the luminosity of known primary light source（luminosity））.

In the example of this embodiment, device can also include reponse system, which, which is configured to, upon, borrows Help the measured light level of one or more sensors element acquisition to adjust shining for one or more of primary light source Degree or intensity.

According to one or more other embodiments, second surface part can be bending and/or primary light source arrangement From second surface part it is non-uniform with a distance from.

Additionally, according to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of light fixture, including first party according to the present invention are provided The lighting device and speculum in face arrange that speculum arrangement is configured as intercepting the transmitance region by second surface part One or more of domain and transmit light, and commutate reflection it.

In this way, the illuminating effect generated by device can be redirected completely or partially so that the effect is to example If not being visible directly facing the observer of the front surface of device.

Description of the drawings

Detailed description of the present invention example with reference to the drawings, in the accompanying drawings：

Fig. 1 schematically depicts the first example embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the optical effect created by the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 illustrates the visible optical effect created by the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 schematically depicts the second example embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the optical effect created by the second example embodiment；

Fig. 6 schematically depicts the third example embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 7 schematically illustrates the optical effect created by third example embodiment；

Fig. 8 schematically depicts the 4th example embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 9 schematically illustrates the optical effect created by the 4th example embodiment；

Figure 10 schematically depicts the 5th example embodiment of the present invention；

Figure 11 schematically illustrates the optical effect created by the 5th example embodiment；

Figure 12 schematically depicts the 6th example embodiment of the present invention；

Figure 13 schematically illustrates the optical effect created by the 6th example embodiment；

Figure 14 schematically depicts the 7th example embodiment of the present invention；

Figure 15 illustrates the example pattern for the speculum arrangement for including by the 7th example embodiment；

Figure 16 schematically depicts the 8th example embodiment of the present invention；And

Figure 17 schematically depicts example light fixture according to an aspect of the present invention.

Specific implementation mode

The present invention provides a kind of lighting device, and the passage of scintillation light for being configured as presenting Spatial distributions to observer is shown.It should Device includes lamps and lanterns, which includes the multiple primary light sources being located on first surface part, is such as installed to installation surface portion The multiple primary light sources divided, and be arranged on the direction for the multiple transmission regions being formed in opposite second surface part Guide light.Opposite second surface part can define the illumination chamber that primary light source is arranged inside, lumen at least partly The inner surface arrangement of room is configured as absorbing the spectrum for not directly falling in any light emitted by primary light source on transmission region In composition at least partly.

This arrangement is configured to ensure that shine in the apparent of the transmission region with primary light source and the eye alignment of observer Degree and directly about the transmission region device front surface section apparent luminosity between maximum possible shine pair Than.Which ensure that only when the eyes of observer are aligned with corresponding transmission region and primary light source, primary light source is complete with it Intensity and original spectrum composition are visible.Once this alignment destroys, primary light source is shown for observer from the visual field It disappears, or is at least substantially reduced or changes in intensity or spectral composition.Exactly this effect provides Spatial distributions flash of light Light effect.

Fig. 1（a）The first example of lighting device 12 according to an embodiment of the invention is schematically illustrated, and is shown The present general inventive concept embodied by all examples of the present invention.Lighting device 12 includes panel or box-like lamps and lanterns, in Portion includes chamber 14, and chamber 14 is by rear panel 18, front panel 20 and side panel（Two 22,24 are only shown in Fig. 1）It defines.

It is arranged and is located on the first surface part of chamber 14 in the indoor multiple primary light source 28a-28e of chamber, the chamber 14 First surface part be installation surface part 30, formed rear panel 18 upper surface in a part.Primary light source 28a- 28e it is operable on the direction for the multiple transmission region 32a-32g for locating to be formed at various locations directed through front panel 20 Transmitting has the light of special spectrum composition in one propagation angle range.For example, primary light source 28c is arranged in a propagation angle model The light emitted in 280c towards front panel 20 is enclosed, to irradiate transmission region 32c-32f.Each of primary light source 28a-28e It includes one or more light emitting diodes that can be（LED）Light source.

The panel or box embodiment of Fig. 1 includes six inner surfaces comprising rear panel 18, front panel 20, first side plate 22 and second side plate 24（In addition two additional side panels, are not shown）In each of respective inner surface., it is emphasized that This specific shape with the inner surface arrangement including six surfaces is only illustrated by way of example, and can also use packet Include other arrangements of the device of such as triangle or other polygonal shapes.

The arrangement of inner surface is jointly configured as absorption and is not directly incident in transmission region 32a-32g on or not direct Launched by transmission region 32a-32g（In the case where such as these transmission regions include simply hole or opening）By At least part in any light of primary light source 28a-28e transmittings.

For example, according to an example, each of six inner surfaces of device individually can be adapted to or be configured to Hypersorption by the primary light source 28a-28e light emitted entire spectral composition.In this case, do not pass through window or hole 32a- 32g is directly transmitted and and is incident upon any light on one in the inner surface of chamber 14 by its incident certain interior surfaces It fully absorbs.As a result, being generated by any one of surface without secondary reflection light, and it therefore can be used for leaving chamber only One just passes through the light directly launched in transmission region 32a-32g by one in primary light source 28a-28e.

When lighting device 12 operates, each primary light source 28a-28e irradiates in multiple transmission region 32a-32g at least A part is to create multiple virtual secondary sources.Each of these virtual secondary sources are located at the outer of the exposure of lighting device 12 On surface, the outer surface of the exposure is the outer surface of front panel 20, and each virtual secondary source corresponds to by primary light source The transmission region 32a-32g of irradiation.

Fig. 1（b）Show that the lighting device 12 in operation, wherein primary light source 28a irradiate transmission region 32a-32d, from And create the virtual secondary source 28a1-28a4 on the outer surface of the exposure of front panel 20.These secondary sources 28a1- It each corresponds to transmission region in 28a4 and emits light in an angular range.For example, secondary source 28a1 corresponds to thoroughly Light region 32a and emit light in angular range 28a11.In addition, by the outer surface of the exposure of front panel 20, when When observer 100 just watches towards front panel 20, each of these secondary sources 28a1-28a4 can be by positioned at from lighting device Observer 100 at 12 20 distance d of front panel observes directly.Note that it is not seen in fig. 1, but lighting device 12 There can be the extra play between front panel 20 and observer 100.Such extra play should be at least in transmission region It is transmission for the light emitted by primary light source 28a-28e at the position of 32a-32d.If such extra play will be present in In lighting device 12, then the virtual secondary source that can directly observe is located at the outer surface of the exposure of this extra play.

Angular range 28a11-28a41 is alternately spaced apart, it means that they are not overlapped and also do not adjoin（Or it does not lean on Closely）.In each of angular range 28a11-28a41, observer 100 has a direct sight to primary light source 28a, and angle Each of range 28a11-28a41 is spent by there is no the sections of this direct sight to define.

Fig. 1（c）Show a case that similar, but primary light source 28c irradiates transmission region 32c-32f now, to create It is secondary（Virtually）The angular range 28c11-28c41 of light source 28c1-28c4 and alternate intervals.

Certainly, when lighting device 12 operates, such as Fig. 1（b）And Fig. 1（c）Illustrated two kinds of situations exist simultaneously.Work as sight When being watched towards front panel 20 when being moved relative to lighting device 12 on direction 101, he experienced across opposite the person of examining 100 In the effect of the light source for being substantially reduced or changing in intensity or spectral composition of a range different location of lighting device 12.It changes Sentence is talked about, and observer 100 undergoes dynamic flicker or flash effect.Observer is before watching front panel 20（Outwardly）When surface, Only as one in the eyes of observer, the transmission region discussed and the primary light source 28a-28e being arranged in chamber 14 Between exist completely alignment when, can just see that light shows to send out from specific transmission region 32a-32g.When there is no this feelings When condition, no light can enter the eyes of observer via specific regional transmission, because may be by regional transmission All secondary reflection light of effusion have been eliminated.

Said effect also illustrates in fig. 2, and Fig. 2 shows for the sight at the 20 distance d of front panel from device Effect related with transmission region 32e for the person of examining is schematically shown.Fig. 2 is illustrated for close to the transparent area discussed Light for each of primary light source 28c-28e of domain 32e, being emitted by each primary light source 28c-28e can be by saturating Light region 32e is propagated and is reached the maximum angle range of the point along the plane at distance d.From each primary light source 28c- The two lines that each of 28e extends respectively represent the boundary of all angles range 28c1-28e1.

The special angle constraint of three primary light source 28c-28e provides three Discrete Linears along distance d lines（As herein It is represented in 2D schematic diagrames）Section A, B, C, wherein light transmission can be passed through by the light of a transmitting in primary light source 28c-28e Region 32e enters the eyes for the observer being located at that position.Except section A, B and C, not from three it is close just The light of any one of grade light source 28c-28e can reach distance d by transmission region 32e.Therefore, according in chamber 14 Surface is configured as fully absorbing the mentioned above of the full spectral composition of the light emitted by primary light source 28a-28e and specific shows Example, except section A, B and C, observer can be reached via regional transmission 32e at distance d by not leaving the light of chamber 14 Eyes, and therefore for the observer in those sections, regional transmission 32e does not show illuminated.

In addition, in front before plate 20（Observer is visible）Surface be also arranged to completely it is unreflecting in the case of, then Except section A, B and C, regional transmission 32e is effectively hidden from the visual field, because of the week of region 32e itself and front surface 20 It encloses both parts and shows black for the observer watched（In the ideal case）.

For each of the transmission region 32a-32g across front panel 20, illustrated transmission region in Fig. 2 is replicated The same effect of 32e so that along the observer that the line or plane of d at distance is moved relative to front panel 20, substantially continuously It is movable into and out visibility region respectively corresponding with each of regional transmission 32a-32g across front panel 20.Optics is imitated Fruit be observe sent out from various transmission region 32a-32g it is different secondary（Virtually）Light source is in response to mobile and constantly drastically Ground appearing and subsiding.Apply herein and in the art, this effect is referred to as the flicker or flash of light of Spatial distributions；By mobile real Existing flicker.

Note that from figure 2 it can be seen that expected flicker effect actually only to be positioned at it is certain from front panel 20 most At small distance（That is, at the distance more than threshold distance）Observer create.It is being less than threshold distance with a distance from front panel Place, three visibility regions are assembled together so that for each transmission region, the region is across wide, substantially continuous angle Degree range is visible.In addition, because region is assembled, the light from more than one primary light source may enter sight in given time The eyes for the person of examining potentially destroy the illusion for the single bright point source for showing to send out from transmission region.

The flicker effect created is schematically illustrated in figure 3, Fig. 3 depict such as from along from front panel 20 fix or The view of the example series for the lighting device 12 that different location P1, P2 and P3 of substantially stationary distance see.Work as observer When from first position, P1 is moved to second position P2, certain visible light spots 200 disappear, and other visible light spots are shown at them Position.When observer moves, equally, some bright spots 200 show to disappear from the visual field, and different spots instead into Enter the visual field.As observer further moves, the spot previously to have disappeared may occur again, because they enter corresponding transmission region Different visibility regions.

It, can will be relative to transverse movement, Fig. 3 by properly configuring the relative position of transmission region and primary light source In change rate between the difference " frame " that is illustrated in a manner of showing be designed as one in the different value with a range.Example Such as, it may be desirable to which variation is very fast so that the conversion between " frame " shows nearly singular integral or seamless.Alternatively it is possible to the phase Glittering or flicker more disconnect, discrete is hoped, in such a case, it is possible to correspondingly design variation rate.It may must take into consideration The expection final use of product, because this typical observer that may influence device may anticipated movement putting down by it in putting into practice Equal rate.

Although in the above description, it has been contemplated that the particular example of inner surface, inner surface are adapted to each independently The full spectral composition of the incident light emitted by primary light source on them is fully absorbed, but will still realize desired flicker The configuration of other modifications of effect is possible.

For example, in one group of example, each inner surface can independently be adapted to absorb the light of entire spectral composition, still Only partially absorb light so that there are some secondary reflections, and some secondary lights is therefore allowed to escape chamber.In certain parameters It is interior, it is such to configure the device that the flash effect for generating desired Spatial distributions be still provided, but example can be generated Such as aesthetically less noticeable or attractive effect.However, in practice, this configuration can prove significantly Simpler and cost is lower to be produced, because the absolute absorption of wall need not be obtained.For this reason, such embodiment can To constitute desired modification.

In a particular embodiment, for example, and being not wishing to be bound by theory（bind）, inner surface arrangement can be configured as Absorb enough light so that in the light directly emitted by transmission region by primary light source and the light emitted indirectly by secondary reflection Between contrast between 10 and 100.By changing the spectral composition of secondary reflection light, by partially absorbing caused light intensity Degree reduces, or by the combination of the two, sufficiently high comparison may be implemented.Under any circumstance, flash effect depend on from Light that primary light source is directly sent out and left due to the reflection from inner surface it is enough clear or strong between the light of chamber Apparent comparison.However, it is emphasized that this effect may with or may not be specifically can measure or the contrast of observable is aobvious It is existing, and be described above purely by way of example.

In other examples, the integral arrangement of inner surface can be configured to completely or partially absorb by primary light source jointly The full spectral composition of the light of transmitting, but some of individually inner surfaces itself do not absorb in this way.For example, it is contemplated that figure The embodiment of 1 and Fig. 2, wherein primary light source 28a-28e are adapted to send out on the direction across the angular range no more than 180 ° Penetrate light（That is, they only emit light on direction relatively forward）, then the installation surface portion of primary light source 28a-28e is installed thereon Divide 30 light that can be even configured as fully reflective all frequencies, and completely not（In the ideal case）Influence the apparent of device Optical effect.Assuming that five inner surfaces of remaining of chamber 14 are adapted to fully absorb the light being incident at them each independently Full spectral composition is such case.If this is not in this way, the light from primary light source 28a-28e may be from other inner surfaces One or more of be reflected on installation surface part 30 and gone out by one or more of transmission region 32a-32g, To influence the optical effect generated for observer.

According to other example, the arrangement of inner surface can be configured or be adapted to（Completely or partially）It absorbs by primary Only a part in the spectral composition of the light of light source 28a-28e transmittings.In practice, this itself may be revealed as reflecting from wall The change of the color in time；Certain frequency components are by absorption and other frequency components are reflected.For example, primary light source 28a-28e It can be adapted to generate and emit white light, and the inner surface of chamber 14 is adapted to frequency component of the reflection corresponding to green color.

Alternatively, the light generated by primary light source can usually have spectral profile comprising for example corresponding to specific The dominant frequency component of the light of color and one or more secondary frequencies components corresponding to one or more different colours.Example Such as, light can have the main component for corresponding to blue color and the secondary component corresponding to red color.In this case, chamber 14 inner surface can for example be adapted to reflection and correspond only to the frequency component of secondary component so that only reflect feux rouges, and from first The light that grade light source directly emits is shown mainly blue due to blue main component.

According to this example, two kinds of light sources（It is left with wide angular range by each of front panel opening or window Particular color（Or the spectral composition of reduction）Diffusion bias light, and by each of corresponding primary light source pass through front Spectral composition that the transmission region of plate directly emits, broader and greater strength or the light of brightness more oriented）Be allowed to from It begins to speak room, and causes flicker effect.

According to the specific of any embodiment described in this application（It is non-limiting）Example, transmission region 32a-32g can be with Including in front panel 20 opening or hole, or in replaceable example may include made of one or more translucent materials Window element.Transmission region 32a-32g can be complete light transmission or partial light permeability in this example.In some examples, thoroughly One or more of light region 32a-32g can be adapted to only transmit by the light of multiple primary light source 28a-28e light generated A part in spectrum composition, that is, regional transmission is adapted to only to transmit specific group or the frequency of range or the light of wavelength.This can be with Such as realized by means of one or more chromatic filters, the one or more chromatic filter is by one in transmission region Or it is multiple it is entire or a part of one or more of include or constitute transmission region it is entire or a part of.

In addition, the reference of term " front panel " is understood to wall, panel or other boundaries for meaning to quote device（Its towards See the light generated by primary light source towards the direction of potential observer, and by its observer）；Outwardly or towards observation The facade or covering of person.

Additionally, any embodiment according to the present invention, primary light source can be or may include solid-state light in this example Source, such as LED.The use of LED provides energy-efficient and also light emitted relatively strong directionality.It can replace It changes in example, can alternatively use the conventional lighting sources of such as filament light sources.However, these are in light emitted energy and distribution Two aspects both provide reduced efficiency；Filament bulb（There is no additional optical element）Lambertian distribution is generated, by being not required to The direction wanted（Behind such as light source）Transmitting, leads to the light largely wasted.

Any embodiment according to the present invention, can be provided via metal-core printed circuit board（MCPCB）The primary of installation Light source.Primary light source can be with the N M array of rule（Wherein M, N are positive integers）, irregular array provide, or can be with It is arbitrary to arrange to position.

In one or more examples of the present invention, arrangements of multiple primary light source 28a-28e on installation section 30 can So that each primary light source flatly or is displaced laterally from any transmission region 32a-32g of front panel 20.Such effect Fruit is that the observer watched by transmission region on the optical axis direction of primary light source is not it is observed that underlying primary light The complete arrangement in source.Which increase the interest of obtained display and enjoyment, are not because providing the mechanical processing of flicker effect It is directly obvious.

According to these or other example, primary light source can be arranged according to the first regular pattern, and transmission region according to Second Different Rule pattern is arranged.Pattern can be in terms of the spacing between adjacent primary light source and/or transmission region Difference, or can be simply different in terms of their opposite alignment so that first element is arranged to the element with second Staggeredly.

Alternatively, transmission region and/or primary light source can be according to irregular patterns（Such as random or semi-random figure Case）Arrangement.One advantage by this pattern in transmission region or primary light source is that this gives another cloth The degree of freedom set, because the basic misalignment of primary light source and regional transmission can be expected from the irregular of used pattern Property follows automatically.For example, by semi-randomly arranging window element, then this allows primary light source according to standard rule array configuration It arranges, this can be substantially less expensive and be more easily manufactured.

It is so-called random or semi-random, it is intended that such as wherein pattern（Primary light source or transmission region）In it is follow-up or adjoin member Spacing distance, spacing or the relative angle of part are arranged in a manner of irregular and different or variation pattern or arrangement.

In particular example, primary light source and/or transmission region can be arranged to follow similar Tyson figure（Voronoi）'s Pattern or arrangement.

According to an embodiment of the invention, for aesthetics, structure or function the reason of, certain size constraint or ratio may It is preferred.Particularly, be described below be intended to be best suited for include the lighting device of panel or box like construction embodiment, such as exist In the most of embodiments in above-described embodiment and also to be described below like that.

For indoor design purpose, the overall width of panel can be one meter of magnitude, and light emitting members can be Individual LED, the typical sizes with about 1mm.

For indoor design application, for " thin " panel, the "vertical" interval distance between plate 20 and rear panel 18 in front From about 50mm can be no more than, and in addition, for practical reasons, it can usually be not less than 1mm.In order to aesthetically attractive Effect, wherein primary light source 28a-28e do not show excessively " crowded ", and it is adjacent that primary light source size can be less than any two Spacing distance between primary light source.However, in order to ensure display do not show it is too sparse and in order to realize apparent effect, Spacing distance between the adjacent primary light source of any two may remain in the size or width or diameter of each primary light source 20 times within.

For the purposes of maximizing aesthstic attractive force so that display does not show too sparse but apparent in order to realize simultaneously Effect can form the transmission region 32a- having no more than the width of the transmission region or 20 times of spacing distance of diameter 32g。

In order to prevent observer from seeing primary light source 28a- by the single transmission region in transmission region 32a-32g Two in 28e, the width or diameter of each transmission region can be less than the spacing distance between Neighboring primary light source.However, In order to ensure visible and optically effective（The light wasted on a small quantity）Flash effect, each transmission region can be formed to have The substantially not less than size of the width or diameter of primary light source.

Variation in above-mentioned parameter may influence obtained flicker effect.For example, between front panel 20 and rear panel 18 Spacing distance it is shorter, " connecing between the visibility and the apparent disappearance of the primary light source of given primary light source 28a-28e On/off is opened " conversion it is slower.In addition, larger transmission region 32a-32g causes flicker to become apparent from and high-visible, and it is smaller Regional transmission causes it subtleer and graceful.

For outdoor framework, which can be configured to the overall outer dimensions for having larger（Such as several rice）, and Primary light source 28a-28e may include the cluster or component rather than individual LED of LED.Above in conjunction with the several of indoor framework description What shape is for the sizes of integral panels, observer at a distance from panel and observer（Walking observer or cycling Observer）Speed for be scalable and adjustable.Key parameter and LED sizes can also contract in an identical manner It puts so that according to specific application, LED can for example have（Only pass through way of example）1 × 1 mm, 4 × 4 mm or 10 × 10 mm Size（For example, chip on board（COB）LED）.

The diameter of transmission region can also change for different applications and front and back panel spacing distance.According to specific Example, front and back panel spacing distance can be with（Only mode by way of non-limiting example）With such as 10 mm, 50 mm or 200 mm Value.However, as the skilled person will understand that, the example sizes provided about front and back panel spacing distance and LED sizes are only It is provided by way of example, and other specific dimensions can be similarly used in any embodiment of the present invention.

In at least some embodiments, which can be adapted to generate the flicker effect of different colours under different visual angles. For example, the device may include multiple LED, there is each LED the light covered by suitable phosphor to leave surface, with by The light that LED is generated changes its spectral composition when being advanced through phosphor layer.As well known to itself, pass through due to light emitted The dependence of angle of the path length of phosphor layer, this arrangement generally produce color with angular distribution（COA）Effect, this may Lead to the flicker effect for generating the different colours under light emitted different visual angles.

Alternatively, and according to one group of embodiment, which includes at least two groups primary light source, and every group of primary light source is suitable It is made into the light for emitting different spectral compositions.In practice, this itself may be revealed as by the light of every group of transmitting different colours.At this In a little embodiments, which further includes multiple optical elements, and multiple optical element is configured as guiding by different groups together The light of every group of transmitting in primary light source passes through the transmission region of opposite second surface part with different propagation angle ranges. Such effect is the angle that can stand relative to device front surface depending on him or she of observer to perceive different colours Passage of scintillation light.Color changes such as the movement of observer so that only sees some particular colors in certain angle sections.

The first example of this embodiment is schematically illustrated in Fig. 4.The device includes panel or box type frame, tool There are the rear panel 18 for defining inner cavity chamber 14, front panel 20 and side panel 22,24（In addition unshowned two other side panels）, Two groups of primary light sources are provided in inner cavity chamber 14.First group is made of primary light source 40a-40h, and second group by primary light Source 42a-42h is formed.Front panel includes transmission region 32a-32h.

First group of primary light source 40a-40h is adapted to transmitting green color light.Second group of primary light source 42a-42h is adapted to send out Penetrate beauty's coloured light.Primary light source is arranged along the inner surface of rear panel 18, and arrangement, one of every centering belong in pairs at regular intervals One in first group of primary light source 40a-40h and second group of primary light source 42a-42h.It is arranged in two each pair of primary lights That between source is corresponding light blocking components 46a-46h.

Such as Fig. 4（a）Illustrated, the effect of light blocking components 46a-46h is constraint or limits from first group of primary light source The angular range that every group of light sent out in 40a-40h and second group of primary light source 42a-42h can be propagated.For example, from primary The light that light source 40d and 42d are sent out can only be propagated on angular range 40d1 and 42d1 respectively.Light blocking components 46d prevents from coming It is more than towards the left side of device from the feux rouges of primary light source 42d（Such as it is seen in the figure that）Specific maximum angle be launched, and And it is more than towards the right side of device that it, which prevents the green light from primary light source 40d,（Such as it is seen in the figure that）Specific maximum angle It is launched.

Light blocking components 46a-46h is further defined（In the left and right sides）Very close to the acute angle range of device, in the acute angle model It is visible to enclose the interior light not from any of first group of primary light source 40a-40h and second group of primary light source 42a-42h 's.

The angle restriction applied by light blocking components 46a-46h illustrates in Figure 5.If Fig. 5 illustrates observer face To the direction being located at relative to panel within the scope of indicated special angle（And in order to flicker movement）When the flicker that will be seen that The color of light.It is visible without light for angular range R1 and R5.For angular range R2, green passage of scintillation light is only seen, for angle Range R4 is spent, only sees red passage of scintillation light, and for centric angle range R3, it is seen that green passage of scintillation light and red passage of scintillation light two Person.

Certainly, as the skilled person will understand that, red and green is only the color that can be used according to this embodiment Example, and can alternatively use any other combination of color.

Fig. 6 shows the second example of this group of embodiment.The device includes component identical with the example of Fig. 5, but light The shape of barrier element 46a-46h is different, includes the angled fork-shaped extended herein, with simple vertical wall elements phase Instead.The effect of fork element is the completely isolated of the effectively light of two kinds of colors of offer, eliminates and is mixed present in the example of front Close the central section of green light and feux rouges.

On the contrary, as shown in fig. 7, creating two angles section R2 and R3, one on the left side（The schematic diagram such as provided from Fig. 6 In see）, and one on the right, section R2 corresponds to wherein it will be observed that the angle direction of green passage of scintillation light, and area Section R3 corresponds to wherein it will be observed that the angle direction of red passage of scintillation light.It is visible without light in angular range R1 and R4.In this way Effect be, when walking in any direction from left to right along panel, only to see green（Flicker）Light, and work as from dextrad When left lateral is walked, feux rouges is only seen.

Additionally, for example, when walking and being watched forward on the direction towards panel from left to right, only see green （Flicker）Light, but when walking but being watched backward on the direction towards panel in the same direction, only see feux rouges.When from When dextrad left lateral is walked, opposite same effect will be observable.Moreover, the specific configuration depending on primary light source and rule Lattice are when walking in either direction but being directed towards panel direct-view, i.e., just or substantially flat along the optical axis with multiple primary light sources Capable sight, observer can it is observed that not from panel emit light, can it is observed that both feux rouges and green light passage of scintillation light, Or can be it is observed that both feux rouges and green light, but flicker effect is wherein not present.

Equally, red and green is only the exemplary color that can be used according to this embodiment.

Fig. 8 shows the third example of this group of embodiment.This example with Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 the difference is that, primary light source It is arranged not in the form of the different emission sources pair directly adjoined.On the contrary, primary light source is individually arranged, wherein first group of primary light source 40a-40f interlocks with second group of primary light source 42a-42e so that the element from first group and second group is along backplate 18 Length is alternately arranged.As the example of front, first group of primary light source 40a-40f is adapted to light of the transmitting corresponding to green color The light of composition is composed, and second group of primary light source 42a-42e is adapted to light of the transmitting corresponding to the spectral composition of red color.Second Each of group primary light source 42a-42f is defined in both sides by a pair of of light blocking components 46a-46e, light blocking components 46a-46e Including linear vertical wall elements.

As shown in figure 9, the effect of light blocking components 46a-46e is to constrain only second group of primary light source 42a-42e（Feux rouges） Angular range so that for towards all directions relative to device（In addition to visible without light, shown in fig.9 Relatively narrow section R1 and R5）And for the observer moved on all directions relative to device, in section R2, R3 It is visible with R4 Green passage of scintillation light, but only feux rouges is visible within the scope of the centric angle corresponding to section R3.At this In, observe both feux rouges and green light.

Figure 10 shows the 4th example of this group of embodiment, the primary light sources organized again including two differences, at the beginning of every group Grade light source is configured as light of the transmitting corresponding to the visible light of different colours.In this case, first group of primary light source 40a- 40k is arranged along the inner surface of rear panel 18 with aturegularaintervals, and is configured to transmitting red light.Second group of primary light source 42a-42j Along the line shifted vertically from rear panel（Or plane）The position being horizontally staggered between plate 18 and front panel 20 below is set Place.Each primary light source 42a-42j is installed to the table of the corresponding light blocking components 46a-46j formed by horizontal linearity wall elements Face.Light blocking components 46a-46j horizontal aliguments, wherein each pair of adjacent barrier element defines and first group of photograph between them Narrow space vertically-aligned each of bright element 40a-40k.These gaps are defined by first group of primary light source 40a-40k The angle restriction of the light of transmitting.

As shown in figure 11, the effect of this arrangement is allowed by towards any angle and direction relative to front panel 20 （In addition to it is visible without light, in fig. 11 shown in relatively narrow range R1 and R5）And in the appointing relative to front panel The observer moved on what angle and direction sees blinking yellow illumination light（By second group of primary light source 42a-42j transmitting）, but will Red passage of scintillation light（Such as by first group of primary light source 40a-40k transmitting）Visibility constraints to only centric angle range R3.Herein In center range R3, both yellow light and feux rouges are observed.Example observer eye position 52 is shown in FIG. 10, and exemplary Angle direction of travel A and B is by indicating that the line chart of the sight along these directions shows.Direction A is located in centric angle section R3, and And both feux rouges and yellow light are observable here.Direction B is located in angle section R2, and when towards this direction and along this When direction is moved, as illustrated, only by the light of yellow primary light source 40a-40k transmittings rather than by red primary light source 40a- The luminous energy of 40k transmittings gets at the eyes 52 up to observer.

Figure 12 shows the more complicated example of this embodiment, includes the primary light of three different groups in this case Source, every group of primary light source are adapted to transmitting corresponding to the light of the spectral composition of different colours, include first group of primary light source 40a Primary light source is adapted to transmitting blue light, including second group of the primary light source of primary light source 42a is adapted to transmitting feux rouges, and wraps The primary light source of the third group of the 44a containing primary light source is adapted to transmitting yellow light.As the example of Figure 10, primary light source is at two It is separated between the plane shifted vertically, wherein third group primary light source includes to be installed to light blocking components（Such as light blocking components 46a）The primary light source 44a on surface arranges to light blocking components horizontal aligument, and is limited together by between adjacent elements The opening for multiple aturegularaintervals that gap is formed.First group and second group of illumination component are arranged with pairs of formation, such as Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 In example like that, wherein the primary light source of each pair of transmitting blue light by left side（Such as primary light source 40a）It is red with the transmitting on right side The primary light source of light（Such as primary light source 42a）It is formed.The gap formed between adjacent light blocking components and each pair of formation Central horizontal it is aligned.

In figure 13 illustrates, Figure 13 is illustrated when towards the different angle direction relative to front panel the effect of this arrangement With the color of visible light when being advanced with different angle direction relative to front panel.Light is not visible in range R1 and R7. The angled yellow light of institute within the scope of R2-R6 is visible.Only at least partly to the right（Range R3 and R4）Towards and when moving, Feux rouges is visible.It is observable on the relatively narrow range R5 of the angle of blue light only on the right.

Figure 14 shows the 6th example of embodiment, includes the primary light source of multiple color.Such as previous in example, this Example includes the primary light source of three different groups.Including first group of primary light source of primary light source 40a is adapted to transmitting green light, packet The second primary light source of the 42a containing primary light source is adapted to transmitting yellow light, and includes the third group primary light of primary light source 44a Source is adapted to transmitting blue light（As in the example of front, these are only exemplary certainly）.

However, in this case, including second group of primary light source of primary light source 42a is installed to the photoresist of horizontal aligument Keep off element（Such as light blocking components 46a）Behind, and the light from these sources is by means of the inner surface across rear panel 18 The specular reflective mirrors arrangement 56 of installation reaches before panel.Specular reflective mirrors arrangement includes patterned surface, the patterning table The light that face reflection is corresponding with this pattern, is emitted by second group of primary light source comprising primary light source 42a, and forward by it Plate 20 and the transmission region 32a-32k redirections formed across it.From first group of primary light source transmitting comprising primary light source 40a Light by the angled constraint of light blocking components, and by the light of second group of primary light source transmitting comprising primary light source 42a also by Constraint, and the pattern by means of being formed in specular reflective mirrors arrangement 56 are similarly angled to pattern.

Three examples of the possibility pattern of specular reflective mirrors arrangement 56 are illustrated in fig.15.Pattern in these examples is By means of the process black coating formation on the surface of glass reflector.However, it is possible to alternatively use other manufacture skills Art.

The arrangement of Figure 14 generates the display configuration of many different colours-angle combinations, and special angle distribution can take Certainly in the pattern of speculum arrangement 56, the width in gap between adjacent light blocking components and comprising primary light source 42a the Vertical spacing between two groups of primary light sources and speculum arrangement 56.

According to any one of this group of embodiment, light blocking components can be fabricated onto by means of 3D printing and be equipped with just The PCB of grade light source（Such as MCPCB）On.In this example, light blocking components can fully absorb, or can be alternatively Partly or completely it is totally reflected（Such as mirror-reflection）.In different examples, light blocking components itself can be different face Color, such as it is expected in the case of absorbing to be black, or be white in the case where it is expected more multiple reflection.

Different embodiments of the invention are shown in FIG. 16, include the single group primary being arranged along the inner surface of rear panel 18 Light source 40a-40k.The device further includes the one group of horizontal linearity light blocking member arranged with transmission region 32a-32h horizontal aliguments Part 46a-46h.As illustrated, these have the effect of forming single discrete " blind spot " at observer's eye position 52, It is somebody's turn to do at " blind spot ", the view of the angle direction of the traveling regardless of observer, all primary light source 40a-40k all becomes mould Paste.By adding the extra play of light blocking components, multiple such blind spots can be created.

The example of any embodiment according to the present invention can provide additional optical element with to by primary light source The light of one or more transmitting carries out shaping or redirection.For example, these elements may include such as convergent lens or Fresnel The lens of lens（To realize light emitted collimation）, or may include being adapted to for example detach or redirect to be emitted The prism of light beam.

These elements can include additionally or alternatively one or more chromatic filters or film, for that can realize The only transmission of the light of the frequency or wavelength of specific group or range.In this example, these optical filters or film can be provided as by light transmission One or more of region includes, or with one or more of transmission region optical alignment or accordingly position.It can replace Change ground, the optical filter or film can be positioned at the indoor replaceable position of chamber, such as be arranged in primary light source one or On the top of multiple light emission surfaces, or it is arranged to the optical axis optical alignment with one or more of primary light source.

According to an illustrated example in Figure 17, a component is provided comprising illumination according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention Panel or box 12, and front panel relative to lighting device is with an angle（In this case vertically or essentially perpendicularly） The speculum 70 of arrangement.Device 12 includes light blocking components 46a-46f, and light blocking components 46a-46f is configured such that by first The light of grade light source 40a-40f transmitting is deflected through transmission region 32a-32c and in tangential direction towards the surface of speculum 70, It is by the surface reflection from speculum 70.Due to the shape of light blocking components 46a-46f, it is located at the observer of position 52 when direct Plate 20 is in the when watched on the 52a of direction and can't see any light sent out from device in front, but when towards speculum 70 Viewing sees flicker effect really on the 52b of direction.The component of Figure 17 is effectively provided the means of flicker effect reorientation, To cause its visible in not direct viewing panel.This can generate visually noticeable effect, because what light was shown Source is not directly obvious；Device itself does not show to generate any light（For the observer watched from position 52）.

In any embodiment of the invention, the primary light for being adapted to concurrently or separately emit multiple color can be provided Source, wherein in the latter case, primary light source has for example variable output color.

Primary light source can for example be adapted to individually emit the first spectral composition having across the first propagation angle range Light, and emit have across the second propagation angle range the second spectral composition light.Alternatively, primary light source can be with It is simply adapted to the light across the first composition of first part's transmitting of light emission surface, and across second of light emission surface The light of the second composition is penetrated in distribution.Different spectral compositions can be revealed as the light of different colours.It is primary under any the above situation One or more of light that can be adapted to transmitting and color gradient is presented in light source.

The use of this primary light source can allow to provide heterochromatic flicker effect（Such as depending on observation or close to its angle Spend and change the single apparent point source of color）Simple means.

In one or more examples, which may include being adapted in transmitting red color, green color and blue color One or more primary light sources in each.Primary light source can be provided as operable to emit any one in these colors Kind or any combinations.

In some instances, one or more of transmission region may include chromatic filter, be adapted to filter out Light is penetrated, so as to including the frequency component for corresponding only to particular color.

The front panel 20 of any embodiment according to the present invention, device can be made of cardboard or other sheet materials.Cardboard can With with for example, about thickness of 4 mm.

In this example, transmission region can be tapered.Panel element has relatively large thickness and transparent area in front In the case that domain has relatively small diameter, this can provide advantageous effect.In this case, leaving for light is blocked in At narrow angle before panel.By providing its tapered diameter（Depth direction）Transmission region（I.e. on rear side of front panel with before The diameter of bigger is compared in side, or vice versa）, passage of scintillation light is visible observer across significantly broader angular range, Because light is not blocked in narrow angle as before.

In this example, transmission region can by by cardboard with an angle（Or different angle）The hole of formation provides.Pass through It provides with this hole of the theta alignment not parallel with the optical axis of primary light source, the flicker created by device visible to observer Therefore the angular range of light effect is restricted.For example, this can be used to guide light effect in this example only（Or mainly） With visible with the relatively narrow angle of panel so that panel far from panel, walking or with relatively sharp angle for being located in face Observer before plate is visible.For example, this can attract potential customers to illumination panel from remote.

In this example, front panel may include glass plate, have the black for being applied to side（Or other absorptions）Coating Layer.In this case, transmission region can be provided by the region for being not coated with coatings area or having removed coating of glass plate.It can Dope layer to be applied to the one or both sides of glass plate.

In some instances, foreboard may include glass reflector, have without silver-colored section to form transmission region.So And such embodiment has to comply with general requirement, which is that the integral arrangement of inner surface to absorb not enter directly It penetrates in the spectral composition of the light emitted by primary light source on transmission region at least partly.

In some instances, transmission region can be simply by the thinner area of the rest part of the material ratio panels of front panel Section is formed.

Above-mentioned modification can be applied equally to the construction of side wall 22.

In the above-described embodiments, the example including box-like or panel-shaped device is described in detail.They include by rear The frame structure of panel 18, front panel 20 and four side panels 22,24 composition.This construction is for manufacturing simply and just Preferably.It also allows device very light.The framework allows simple assembling.In addition, in this example, it can be by being such as cut by laser Or the automatic digital manufacturing technology of punching press rapidly and easily cuts in hole in front panel, to permissible velocity, low cost and Customizability.

However, it is to be understood that present inventive concept is not limited to this box-like or panel-shaped construction.It, should in interchangeable example Device may include frame, which defines with any desired outer shape（Such as cylindrical, spherical, ellipse, gold Word turriform, taper or any irregular modification on one or more of these or other shapes）Internal chamber.

In one example, for example, tubular structure can be provided, wherein primary light source is arranged between providing in the chamber On special installation surface part so that primary light source is arranged to guide light outward on the direction towards the cylindrical wall of chamber, The inner surface of the cylindrical wall of chamber forms opposite second surface part, and light transmission is formed by the opposite second surface part Region.

In particular example, the illumination band through chamber can be provided, each band that illuminates includes linear along band It arranges and is configured as each in one or more azimuth directions（Or otherwise towards the cylindrical form interior surface of chamber）On Multiple primary light sources of transmitting.Illumination band can be bending or bending or warpage so that primary light source and transparent area The distance between domain changes.This variation by realizing the size of the visibility region created by each of transmission region, and Therefore change the rate that different regional transmissions are appeared or disappeared from the visual field, and be that obtained light show and increases additional move State.

In another example, made of substantially spherical device can be provided, wherein primary light source is again mounted to offer and exists The center of the spherical chamber of restriction or the special installation surface part of centre portion, and be arranged to light being outwardly directed to chamber Spherical Boundary guides, and transmission region is formed by it.

The application of the present invention is not limited to include regular shape construction（Such as spherical, cylindrical or cube external shell or Frame）Embodiment.On the contrary, it includes by any shape that present invention can be extensively applied to（Rule is irregular）Outer framework Or the embodiment of inner cavity chamber that structure defines.For example, in a particular embodiment, which may include by outer surface or shell structure The inner cavity chamber defined, the outer surface or shell structure forming are to form the 3D shapes of customization.For example, can be in specific 3D objects or 3D The 3D shapes of customization are modeled in object designs.It can be arranged according to regular pattern or irregularly across the external 3D shapes Transmission region is provided at each point on surface.

In this example, it is possible to e.g. select transmission region（At least some of）Position with the spy of the 3D shapes with customization Determine feature or area coincidence, or（Such as）Highlight the feature, such as to avoid highlighting the certain of shape Other features or part.

According to these embodiments, primary light source can be arranged in the chamber for being installed to installation surface, the installation surface sheet Body follow irregular shape or（It is multiple）Profile.Installation surface can for example be provided as having shape or structure in three dimensions It makes, follows the shape or profile of external shell structure itself.Alternatively, installation surface can follow not in three dimensions Same shapes or configure.

In either case, primary light source can be arranged in chamber, so as to multiple angles towards external shell Inner surface guides light.In this example, this can be along multiple optical axises provide light, each optical axis substantially with the interior table of external shell Face perpendicular alignmnet.Alternatively, it can provide light along the optical axis for forming different angle with the inner surface of external shell.For example, This can provide more dynamical, variation or surprising aesthetic effect for the observer of the outside of viewing apparatus.

As discussed above, when apparent luminous pair between the section around illuminated transmission region and front panel 20 Than it is sufficiently large when, flicker effect maximize.A kind of method for realizing this be seek to basically prevent it is any secondary（Such as it is anti- It penetrates）Light is escaped from chamber 14, and secondary light can have the effect of providing through hole visible constant background irradiation, this makes primary The apparent luminosity of light source is dimmed.

However, alternatively method is to provide including one or more optical sensors member close to the outer surface of front panel 20 Part is arranged and each optical sensor components are configured as measuring the area in one outer surface in transmission region The device of luminous intensity at section.This arrangement allows light level of the monitoring at the front panel section of transmission region.Therefore, only Want the luminosity of known primary light source, sensor measurement be determined for illuminated transmission region and around front panel Difference between the apparent luminosity on surface or comparison.Reponse system can be further provided for, to allow in response to determining table See too low and adjust automatically respective primary light source the brightness of contrast.

For example, in particular example, reponse system can be provided, being adapted to will be in the apparent of illuminated transmission region Contrast between luminosity and the apparent luminosity of surrounding front panel surface maintains in the range of particular value.In particular example In, reponse system, which can be configured as, is for example maintained at the contrast between 10 and 1000.However, it is emphasized that these Only mode provides number by way of non-limiting example, and such as will be understood by the skilled artisan, other can also be used right Degree of ratio.Particularly, the contrast more than 1000 may be implemented to create even more aesthetic noticeable effect.

Select primary light source for ensuring in secondary（Virtually）It is sufficiently high between light source and the circumferential surface of front panel 20 Comparison can also be important.By using LED, height comparison is easier to maintain, because they are provided naturally with very The light of high luminosity.

Additionally, it is enough to generate the light of the suitably brightness of high contrast ensuring that primary light source is configured to supply（Make Flicker effect must be created）When, it is also possible to it is expected to maintain brightness at less than some max-thresholds, to avoid the sight of observation panel The person of examining is uncomfortable.This can be in conjunction in above-mentioned reponse system, or can be simply by limiting each primary light source or common The maximum output brightness of the primary light source of consideration is realized.

For example, can be calculated for any given observer based on the corresponding arrangement of transmission region and primary light source It can be in the maximum quantity of any one time visible primary light source.Based on this, each primary light source can be adjusted or selected Brightness or light output so that the primary light source of the calculated maximum quantity do not emit together for observer watch at once It is dangerous or uncomfortable light quantity.

According to one or more embodiments, one or more of multiple primary light sources can be separately addressable.It can The primary light source individually addressed can be used for creating time-varying radiation response, for example, can be configured as the spy of intensity adjustable when following Mould-fixed, such as be configured as downwardly and upwardly cyclically dimming, or be configured for the discrete of intensity and be altered in steps, it can To be or can not be dull downwards and/or dull upward.In this example, primary light source can be configured as between rule Switch every discretely or between ON and OFF state, or is recycled between certain strength or the OFF state and ON states of brightness Ground dims.In yet another embodiment, separately addressable primary light can be switched on or switched off according to randomly or pseudo-randomly pattern Source, with the unpredictability for the flicker effect that enhancing is created with lighting device.

In another example, first surface part is translucent and/or including more than first a transmission region, and the second table Face point includes a transmission region more than second, and towards first surface part（Minute surface）Reflective inner surface.In this example, Lighting device front side provide flicker effect, and depending on reflective inner surface type and first surface part it is translucent Degree, via lighting device rear side it is indirect（Diffusion）Irradiation is also flicker effect.

First and second surface portion can all have multiple transmission regions（Such as multiple holes）And reflective inner surface.In order to Flicker effect is provided in the both sides of lighting device, reflective inner surface must be mirror-reflection.

In the examples described above, the primary light source on first surface part is " true " light source, such as including one or The light source of multiple LED, and first surface part is the installation surface part that primary light source is mounted thereon.Alternatively, position In the primary light source on first surface part can be " virtual " light source.

The optocoupler that this virtual light source can be located at light guide goes out（Or light extraction）On surface.With with mounted on installation surface The example of " true " primary light source on part is compared, this construction indicates more flexible lighting device, because it is easier to allow Increase flicker density and/or changes flicker shape.

Light guide panel can be side-light type light guide panel, lower and upper opposite with being separated by least one edge surface Main surface, plurality of LED is located at edge-adjacent surface, and multiple LED are arranged to transmitting and enter light guiding surface via edge surface The light of plate, and the top major surface of wherein light guide panel is that optocoupler goes out surface.

In the first example of lighting device according to the present invention, wherein the primary light source on first surface part is The optocoupler of light guide goes out the virtual light source on surface, and it includes that optocoupler goes out structure so that optocoupler is gone out leaded light that the optocoupler of light guide panel, which goes out surface, Panel.Lighting device further includes going out the perforated layer that surface is adjoined with the optocoupler of light guiding panel.Perforated layer has towards light guide panel Optocoupler go out the rear side on surface and go out the upside on surface away from the optocoupler of light guide panel.The combination of light guide panel and perforated layer is arranged At multiple primary light sources are created on first surface part, wherein primary light source is virtual light source, and wherein first surface portion Point it is the upper surface of perforated layer.

Go out to provide luminescent material in structure by the optocoupler gone out on surface in the optocoupler of light guide panel, thus it is possible to vary perforated layer Upper surface in secondary source color.Optocoupler including luminescent material goes out structure and can also be used for obtaining that " color is with angle point Cloth " flicker effect, i.e., the flicker effect that wherein color changes as the function of light emitted angle.

Perforated layer can be plastic layer or cardboard layer.Perforated layer can have the optocoupler towards light guide panel to go out the white of surface Go out on the upside of the black on surface on rear side of color and away from the optocoupler of light guide panel.

In the second example of lighting device according to the present invention, wherein the primary light source on first surface part is The optocoupler of light guide goes out the virtual light source on surface, the bottom major surface of light guiding panel（That is, with the optocoupler main surface that go out surface opposite） Go out structure including multiple optocouplers, wherein these optocouplers, which go out each of structure, has specular reflection surface, for being reflected in light guide The interior optocoupler towards light guide goes out the light that the direction on surface is advanced.

The primary light source for going out the virtual light source form on surface positioned at the optocoupler of light guide is substituted, virtual primary light source can also It is formed in different ways.For example, real light sources, wherein these true light can be provided at the inner surface of second surface part Source is arranged towards first surface part transmitting light, and wherein first surface part has mirror-reflection inner surface, such as more To mirror-reflection inner surface.Then, multiple primary light sources on first surface part are by positioned at second surface part Multiple virtual primary light sources that the mirror-reflection of the light of real light sources transmitting on inner surface is formed.

According to these or any other embodiments, second surface part may include dotted（Such as square, circle, three It is angular）Transmission region, or can include alternatively or additionally extending linearly（Straight line or curve）Transmission region.This can be with Additional or interchangeable light effect is provided.

For example, in a particular example, diagonal linear virtual primary light source can be located on first surface part, and Diagonal linear transmission region is located on second surface part, is connected to diagonally linear virtual primary light source optical, and with primary Light source is at an angle（Such as 90 degree）And it is formed.For example, for the observer moved from left to right across the front of lighting device, Effect is to observe flasher, when he walks, the flasher show from the relatively lower curtate on lighting apparatus it is mobile or Slide into the more high segment on lighting apparatus（Or vice versa）.

By simply being replaced one or more " true " with " virtual " primary light source of above-mentioned extension or free form （Point）Primary light source, can be according to any embodiment（Or it is in combination）And use these examples.This virtual primary light Source can also be combined with true primary light source.

In all above-mentioned examples, second surface part may include or being included in foil in fabric or tissue layer. This will lead to the lighting device of weight reduction.

By study attached drawing, disclosure and appended claims, those skilled in the art put into practice it is claimed Other modifications of disclosed embodiment are appreciated that and realized when invention.In the claims, word " comprising " is not excluded for other Element or step, and indefinite article " one（A or an）" be not excluded for it is multiple.Describe certain in mutually different dependent claims The pure fact of a little measures does not indicate that the combination of these measures cannot be used for benefiting.Any reference numeral in claim is not answered It is interpreted to limit range.

Claims

1. a kind of lighting device for providing dynamic flicker or flash effect,

The wherein described lighting device includes exposed outer surface and is arranged in the indoor multiple primary light sources of chamber, and the chamber has Inner surface arranges that the inner surface arrangement includes at least first surface part and opposite second surface part, the multiple first Grade light source is located on first surface part, and second surface part includes multiple transmission regions,

Wherein each primary light source is arranged to irradiate at least part in the multiple transmission region, to create multiple secondary Light source, the multiple secondary source is located on the outer surface of the exposure of the lighting device, every in the multiple secondary source It is a that there is light emission surface, the light emission surface to have anisotropy brightness, and

Wherein each primary light source is adapted to the light of transmitting special spectrum composition, and the inner surface arrangement of the chamber is configured In spectral composition to absorb the light being emitted in the surface layout other than the transmission region by the primary light source At least partially.

2. lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the multiple primary light on the first surface part Each of source includes light emitting diode, and the wherein described first surface part is installation surface part, the multiple primary Light source is installed on the installation surface part.

3. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first surface part is adapted to absorb At least part in the spectral composition of the light emitted by the primary light source.

4. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner surface arrangement is configured as absorbing By the full spectral composition for the light that the primary light source emits.

5. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lighting device includes being adapted to emit At least first part in the primary light source of the light of first spectral composition, and be adapted to emit the first of the light of the second spectral composition At least second part in grade light source；And the wherein described lighting device further includes one or more optical elements, one Or multiple optical elements are adapted to guide together the light of at least first part's transmitting described in primary light source to be propagated with first Angular range guides described in primary light source that at least second part is sent out by the transmission region of the second surface part The light penetrated passes through the transmission region of the second surface part with the second propagation angle range.

6. lighting device according to claim 6, wherein the optical element includes light blocking components, the light blocking member Part is adapted to deflect or absorb at least one of the light that at least first and/or second part emits described in primary light source Point.

7. the lighting device described according to claim 6 or 7, wherein at least first part cloth in the primary light source It sets and is arranged in from described in at least second part with a distance from the second surface part first, and in primary light source At the second distance of second surface part, and the first part that is arranged in primary light source of the wherein described optical element and just Between the second part in grade light source.

8. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more of described primary light source It is adapted to individually emit the light having across the first spectral composition of the first propagation angle range, and transmitting has across second The light of second spectral composition of propagation angle range.

9. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary light source respectively has corresponding Optical axis, and the wherein described transmission region is not located on any one of described corresponding optical axis.

10. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lighting device further includes being arranged in institute The indoor one or more light blocking components of chamber are stated, one or more of light blocking components are arranged to and the second surface portion The transmission region divided overlaps and covers the transmission region of the second surface part at least partly, to stop Light is escaped across one or more propagation angle ranges by the transmission region.

11. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission region is with the first pattern cloth It sets, and wherein, the multiple primary light source is arranged with the second pattern, and second pattern is different from first pattern.

12. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lighting device further includes one or more A optical sensor components, one or more of optical sensor components are arranged close to the second surface part, and each light Sensor element is configured as measuring in the outer surface of one second surface part in the transmission region Luminous intensity at one section.

13. lighting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second surface part is bending And/or the wherein described primary light source be arranged in from the second surface part it is non-uniform with a distance from.

14. lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the multiple primary light on the first surface part Source is created by the combination of side-light type light guide panel and perforated layer, and there is the side-light type light guide panel optocoupler to go out surface, and institute It states perforated layer and goes out surface with the optocoupler and adjoin.

15. a kind of light fixture, including：

According to the lighting device described in aforementioned any claim；And

Speculum is arranged, is configured as intercepting by one or more of the light transmission region of the second surface part The light of transmission, and commutate and reflect it.