CN108704036A - 一种治疗痛风的复方中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗痛风的复方中药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗痛风的复方中药制剂及其制备方法,该复方中药制剂由以下原料药组成:马鞭草或相应重量份经提取后得到的马鞭草提取物、石楠叶或相应重量份经提取后得到的石楠叶提取物、辣蓼或相应重量份经提取后得到的辣蓼提取物。本发明研究的复方中药制剂用于治疗痛风具有复发率低、副作用少、长期应用无耐药性等优势;并将复方中药各组分的配比以及药物剂量进行科学调整创新,使每一味药物发挥其最大的药效;同时该复方中药制剂价格低廉。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体地说,本发明涉及一种治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,本发明还涉及该复方中药制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
痛风(Gout)是一种嘌呤代谢紊乱所致的全身性疾病,人体对嘌呤的代谢失调或尿酸的排泄减少,造成血中尿酸增加,尿酸盐结晶沉淀在基质中粘多糖量较丰富的结缔组织、软骨和关节腔中从而引起痛风,其特点是高尿酸血症及特征性急性关节炎,反复发作会造成痛风石沉淀和痛风性肾病。近年已成为我国城乡人民的高发病之一,并伴有其他并发症,严重影响人民健康生活。目前中国高尿酸血症患者达1.2亿,痛风患者约1700万人。痛风的发生与性别和年龄相关,多见于中老年人,约占90%,发病高峰年龄为40~50岁,男女比例约为20:1。研究显示,南方普遍人群高尿酸血症高达26.8%,北方达25.3%。目前痛风患者平均年龄:48.28岁,而2015年则为48.76岁,患病人群呈明显的年轻化趋势;男性为47.95岁,女性为53.14岁,女性患者的平均年龄高于男性患者。
目前,针对急、慢性痛风患者主要通过使用降低尿酸水平的化学药作为治疗措施,现有的药物具有较强的药理作用,但也表现出各种明显的副作用,危害人体机能及损害器官。在临床应用中很多病人并不能达到较好的疗效,此外,在发展中国家,一些有效的药品使用受限以及部分价格较高等因素,限制了该类产品的广泛应用。因此从中药中开发出疗效明确的抗痛风药物,将具有重要意义。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于治疗痛风的复方中药制剂。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取了以下的技术方案:一种治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,该复方中药制剂由以下原料药组成:马鞭草或相应重量份经提取后得到的马鞭草提取物、石楠叶或相应重量份经提取后得到的石楠叶提取物、辣蓼或相应重量份经提取后得到的辣蓼提取物。
具体地,该复方中药制剂由以下重量份的原料药组成:马鞭草2-10份、石楠叶2-10份、辣蓼6-30份。
优选地,该复方中药制剂由以下重量份的原料药组成:马鞭草10份、石楠叶10份、辣蓼30份。
其中,该复方中药制剂为口服制剂。
优选地,所述口服制剂为胶囊剂、颗粒剂、口服液或散剂。
进一步地,所述胶囊剂按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合并粉碎,加入淀粉和硬脂酸镁,混匀,罐装得胶囊剂。
进一步地,所述颗粒剂按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量5倍75%乙醇回流提取3次,每次1小时,提取液合并,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶,加水煎煮3次,每次2小时,合并水煎液,滤过,减压浓缩,加乙醇沉淀,静置,上清液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量5倍75%乙醇回流提取3次,每次1小时,提取液合并,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合均匀,加入低取代羟丙基纤维素3%,加水湿润,制成颗粒,干燥,即得颗粒剂。
进一步地,所述口服液按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合,浓缩干燥,溶于水制成的口服液。
进一步地,所述散剂按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合并粉碎,过120目筛,得散剂。
本发明中各原料药的药性如下:
马鞭草:马鞭草提取物,无明显毒副作用,治疗范围主要集中在疟疾、肝炎、痢疾、口腔感染及妇科疾病等方面。
石楠叶:石楠叶具有明显的安定和降温作用,并有镇痛、抗炎及抗癌作用;对革兰氏阳性菌、阴性菌和酵母菌有抑制作用;此外,还具有降压抗风湿、抗肿瘤等功效。
辣蓼:味辛、温;具有祛风利湿,散淤止痛,解毒消肿等功效;主要用于立即、肠胃炎、腹泻、脚气、疥廯、风湿关节痛、功能性子宫出血;外用治毒蛇咬伤、皮肤湿疹等症状;此外,还具有抗微生物、杀虫、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等多种生物活性。
剂型
本发明复方中药制剂的剂型包括胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、口服液等。此外,本发明复方中药制剂还可包括药用载体。
本发明复方中药制剂中除了包括有效的药物成分之外,还应包括制剂学上允许使用的载体如辅料,这些载体的作用是有助于将有效成分的加工成制剂,并且运载有效成分到体内作用部位。
剂量
给药的剂量应根据病人的年龄、体重、健康状况、疗程、个体差异及剂型和给药途径的不同而定。本领域的技术人员可以根据个体需要,决定每一组分有效用量的最佳范围。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明研究的复方中药处方用于治疗痛风;复方中药处方治疗痛风具有复发率低、副作用少、长期应用无耐药性等优势;并将复方中药各组分的配比以及药物剂量进行科学调整创新,使每一味药物发挥其最大的药效;首次发现复方痛风汤及其复方中药制剂制剂在降尿酸的治疗中具有良好的疗效,并通过采用尿酸钠致小鼠高尿酸模型、对醋酸致小鼠扭体模型、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高模型中进行了抗痛风实验验证。实验结果表明,复方痛风汤的使用,分别对降低小鼠尿酸含量、镇痛及抗炎方面具有显著的治疗效果;该复方中药制剂价格低廉。
具体实施方式
下面详细说明本发明的具体实施方式,其作为本说明书的一部分,通过实施例来说明本发明的原理,本发明的其他方面、特征及其优点通过该详细说明将会变得一目了然。
第一部分:本发明复方中药制剂、制备及其使用方法
实施例1-8中各复方中药制剂处方和剂型如表1所示:
表1实施例1-8中复方中药制剂处方和剂型
实施例1制备方法:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合并粉碎,加入淀粉和硬脂酸镁,混匀,罐装得胶囊剂。每粒胶囊含药量0.4g,每次4粒,每日3次。
实施例2制备方法:取马鞭草加药材重量5倍75%乙醇回流提取3次,每次1小时,提取液合并,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶,加水煎煮3次,每次2小时,合并水煎液,滤过,减压浓缩,加乙醇沉淀,静置,上清液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量5倍75%乙醇回流提取3次,每次1小时,提取液合并,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合均匀,加入低取代羟丙基纤维素3%,加水湿润,制成颗粒,干燥,即得颗粒剂。一次8g,每日3次。
实施例3-5制备方法:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合,浓缩干燥,溶于水制成的口服液。每日3次,每次20g。
实施例6-8制备方法:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合并粉碎,过120目筛,得散剂。口服,一次3-6g,一日两次。
第二部分:试验例1本发明复方中药制剂的药理学研究
1试验设计
1.1实验因素与实验方法
表2因素水平表(剂量/g)
表3 U6(64)实验方案与观察指标(g)
实验号 | 马鞭草 | 石楠叶 | 辣蓼 |
1号药组 | 0 | 2 | 12 |
2号药组 | 2 | 6 | 30 |
3号药组 | 4 | 10 | 6 |
4号药组 | 6 | 0 | 24 |
5号药组 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
6号药组 | 10 | 8 | 18 |
1.2对小鼠血尿酸水平的影响
小鼠高尿酸模型的建立
取2g尿酸加入400ml沸水中,再加1mol·l-1氢氧化钠溶液使pH为7.4,加热到95℃,然后,在室温下冷却搅拌后,在4℃下放置6h,析出沉淀后真空抽滤得尿酸钠晶体。最后将尿酸钠结晶放入80℃烘箱中干燥。使用前称取1g尿酸钠晶体,充分研磨后加入生理盐水20ml配成50mg·ml-1的。在末次给药后,除空白对照组以外,其余各组腹腔注射尿酸钠混悬液,完成造模。
昆明种小鼠(雌雄各半)90只,称重后随机分为空白对照组和阴性对照组、阳性对照组(别嘌呤醇组)、1-6号中药提取物组(各原料药提取如实施例3-5所述);除空白组外,其余各组以生理盐水30g/(kg·d-1)灌胃1次/d,连续7d;阳性对照组给予别嘌呤醇(40mg·kg-1)灌胃,中药各提取物组从第5d开始予以,中药灌胃,剂量0.75g/(kg·d-1),连续7d,末次给药后60min小鼠摘眼球取血,摘除眼球取血,血样3000rpm离心15分钟,取上清液并根据尿酸(UA)检测试剂盒(磷钨酸比色法)的指导说明,测定并记录尿酸值,进行组间t检验。
1.3对冰醋酸致小鼠扭体反应的影响
昆明种小鼠90只(雌雄各半)随机分为模型组,阳性对照组(7.5×10-2mg·kg-1),复方中药6个剂量组(各原料药提取如实施例3-5所述),共9组,每组10只,复方中药乙醇提取物6个剂量组分别灌胃,每次灌胃0.2mL,阳性对照组用对乙酰氨基酚溶液灌胃,每次0.2mL阴性对照组和空白对照组则用生理盐水灌胃,连续灌胃5d。末次在分别灌胃后30min后除空白对照组外分别建立疼痛模型,每只小鼠腹腔注射0.1mL 0.6%冰醋酸溶液,记录造模后20min内小鼠的扭体次数及各组小鼠扭体抑制率,并测量血清中NO含量。
1.4对醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响
昆明种小鼠90只(雌雄各半)随机分为模型组,阳性对照组(405mg·kg-1),复方中药6个剂量组(各原料药提取如实施例3-5所述),共9组,每组10只,各组灌胃相应的药液,20ml·kg-1,模型组灌胃等体积的生理盐水,每天给药1次,连续给药5d末次给药前动物禁食16h,给药1h后,每只小鼠尾静脉注射0.5%伊文思蓝0.1ml·10g-1体重,随即腹腔注射0.2ml0.6%冰醋酸溶液,20min后小鼠立即处死,用6ml生理盐水分2次清洗腹腔,收集洗液,于紫外分光光度计590nm处测量洗液的OD值。
2.结果
2.1小鼠高尿酸模型实验结果:见表4。
表4复方中药各组分提取物对小鼠尿酸水平的影响(n=10)
2.2冰醋酸致小鼠扭体反应模型实验结果:见表5。
表5对冰醋酸致小鼠扭体的作用(n=10)
2.3醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高实验结果:见表6。
表6对小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响(n=10)
注:给药组与阴性对照组比较,*表示差异显著(P<0.05),**表示差异非常显著(P<0.01)。
阴性对照组与空白对照组比较,#表示差异显著(P<0.05),##表示差异非常显著(P<0.01)。
结果显示,复方中药处方在降低尿酸含量、抗炎、镇痛方面具有显著性药效。
将各实验数据中,马鞭草、石楠叶和辣蓼的剂量分别作为自变量X1、X2、X3;NO含量、吸光度OD值及小鼠尿酸含量分别为因变量Y1、Y2、Y3,用SPSS 25统计软件进行多元逐步回归分析处理,获得实验各评价指标与影响因素之间对应关系。评价指标与处方因素的回归方程为:
Y1=151-3.18*X1-0.857*X2-0.679*X3(r=0.9976,P=0.01294)
Y2=0.105-0.003*X1-0.0012*X2-0.0005*X3(r=0.9943,P=0.01181)
Y3=604-5.68*X1-15.8*X2-1.92*X3(r=0.9315,P=0.01348)
并根据回归方程可知,在降尿酸党的药效学实验中,中药对处方的贡献程度为:石楠叶>辣蓼>马鞭草。
上述回归方程进行优化求解的极值,综合复方中药制剂的实际情况,确定优化的复方抗痛风中药各组分在处方中的配比为:马鞭草∶石楠叶∶辣蓼=10g∶10g∶30g。
此外,实验动物在给药期间均能正常饮食、排泄,体重均有一定增加,且无明显不良反应,由此可知该复方中药处方无明显毒副作用。
3实验结论
由此可见,相对于模型组,复方中药剂量组的高尿酸血症获得了显著的改善,上述实验证明复方中药制剂在治疗痛风中具有显著的疗效,且用药安全。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,该复方中药制剂由以下原料药组成:马鞭草或相应重量份经提取后得到的马鞭草提取物、石楠叶或相应重量份经提取后得到的石楠叶提取物、辣蓼或相应重量份经提取后得到的辣蓼提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,该复方中药制剂由以下重量份的原料药组成:马鞭草2-10份、石楠叶2-10份、辣蓼6-30份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,该复方中药制剂由以下重量份的原料药组成:马鞭草10份、石楠叶10份、辣蓼30份。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,其为口服制剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂,其特征在于,所述口服制剂为胶囊剂、颗粒剂、口服液或散剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述胶囊剂按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合并粉碎,加入淀粉和硬脂酸镁,混匀,罐装得胶囊剂。
7.根据权利要求5所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述颗粒剂按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量5倍75%乙醇回流提取3次,每次1小时,提取液合并,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶,加水煎煮3次,每次2小时,合并水煎液,滤过,减压浓缩,加乙醇沉淀,静置,上清液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量5倍75%乙醇回流提取3次,每次1小时,提取液合并,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,干燥后粉碎,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合均匀,加入低取代羟丙基纤维素3%,加水湿润,制成颗粒,干燥,即得颗粒剂。
8.根据权利要求5所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述口服液按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合,浓缩干燥,溶于水制成的口服液。
9.根据权利要求5所述的治疗痛风的复方中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述散剂按以下方法制成:取马鞭草加药材重量8倍75%乙醇在75℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得马鞭草提取物;取石楠叶加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在80℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得石楠叶提取物;取辣蓼加药材重量10倍75%乙醇在60℃条件下,回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液减压回收乙醇,减压干燥即得辣蓼提取物,与马鞭草提取物和石楠叶提取物混合并粉碎,过120目筛,得散剂。
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