CN108685146B - Method for measuring and calculating structural distribution range of threshing and redrying leaves based on conversion transfer equation - Google Patents
Method for measuring and calculating structural distribution range of threshing and redrying leaves based on conversion transfer equation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring and calculating the structural requirement range of threshing and redrying leaves based on a conversion transfer equation, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing a conversion equation of X and Y and a transfer equation of cut tobacco-flavoring Y and Z in the cut tobacco drying process, and then calculating X by combining the two equations according to the cut tobacco structure standard of the predecessor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring and calculating the structural distribution range of threshing and redrying leaves based on a conversion transfer equation, and belongs to the field of tobacco production.
Background
The tobacco leaf shred structure of the cigarette is generally measured according to YC/T178-2003 'determination method for the whole shred rate and the broken shred rate of tobacco shreds', the tobacco leaf shred structure comprises long shreds, medium shreds, short shreds and broken shreds, whether the stability of the tobacco leaf shred structure has great influence on the physical indexes of the cigarette, such as the single weight, and the smoke indexes, such as the stability of open resistance. Through comparison of test data, the change of the cut tobacco structure caused by the change of the raw materials in different production places is much smaller compared with the change of the cut tobacco structure caused by the change of process parameters in a general process path, so that the stability of the cut tobacco structure and the smoke quality of cigarettes can be influenced by controlling the blade structure of the raw materials.
At present, the requirement range of researching the threshing and redrying leaf structure in the cigarette industry is still blank, two ideas are mainly provided at present on the aspect of researching the relation between the leaf structure and the leaf shred structure, and on the one hand, a regression equation is mainly established through the leaf shred structure and the leaf shred structure. For example, Jiangxin of Wuhan cigarette factory in Hubei of Jiangsu province published in 46 st volume 1 of Jiangsu agricultural science 2018 as "correlation between leaf blade structure and leaf shred structure". The correlation and regression equation of leaf structure and leaf filament structure is given in the paper for the first time. First this analysis method discusses for the first time the correlation between leaf and leaf filament structure. However, in an actual process, the conversion between the leaf structure and the leaf filament structure is multidimensional-to-multidimensional, in short, one leaf structure can be converted into a plurality of leaf filaments, so that a unitary first regression equation is difficult to explain the change process from the actual leaf structure to the leaf filament structure. In addition, the leaf structure is reversely deduced by the leaf thread structure, which involves the solution of a complex system of inequality equations, so the paper is difficult and does not give the distribution range of the leaf structure.
On the other hand, the relation between the area of the leaf and the characteristic dimension of the leaf filament structure was established in "research on the relation model between the leaf structure and the leaf filament structure" at the 3 rd stage of volume 28 of 2013, which was reported by the Tonna of Shanghai tobacco group Limited liability company, and the like. Because the area of the leaf is difficult to detect under the existing threshing and redrying leaf structure detection device and standard, and the relation between the leaf area and the leaf structure is complex and difficult to unify, the thesis still does not definitely answer the definite conversion relation between the leaf shred structure and the leaf structure under the existing threshing and redrying leaf structure detection system, and the requirement range of the threshing and redrying leaf structure based on the clear conversion relation.
For a long time, in the threshing and redrying link, the whole cigarette industry wants to maintain a high large and medium tobacco shred ratio as much as possible in the threshing and redrying field based on the consideration of economy and tobacco leaf availability, and the reason is that certain technological measures are inevitably adopted to reduce the breakage of the tobacco leaves in order to maintain the high large and medium tobacco shred ratio, so that the tobacco powder is little, the utilization rate of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the waste of economic resources of the tobacco leaves is avoided to a certain extent. As is clearly suggested in Table 3 of the structural standard YCT 146-.
Disclosure of Invention
How to establish the conversion relation between leaf blade structure and leaf silk structure according to the clear demand standard of leaf silk structure from the angle of the quality or the stability of cigarette, it is the main purpose of this patent to clearly deduce the demand scope and the control direction of leaf blade structure.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for measuring and calculating the structural distribution range of threshing and redrying leaves based on a conversion transfer equation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
sampling the tobacco flakes in each production place at an outlet of a threshing and redrying machine, obtaining leaf structure data of each grade through a screen, covering a large flake rate, a medium flake rate, a small flake rate, a fragment rate and a powder rate, and calculating an average value of the data of the leaf structure of each batch of tobacco flakes by taking the grade as a unit;
step two, sampling is carried out at a cut tobacco drying end, a flavoring end and a precursor end of the cigarette processing technology, leaf shred structure data of each grade are obtained, the leaf shred structure data comprise filament rate, medium shred rate, short shred rate and shred rate, the average value of the leaf shred structure data of each batch is obtained by taking the grade as a unit,
step three, the blade structure data obtained in the step one: the large slice rate, the medium slice rate, the small slice rate and the fragment rate are recorded as a vector X ═ X1，x2，x3，x4) And measuring the cut tobacco structure of the sample taken at the cut tobacco drying end: the filament, medium, short and broken filament rates are denoted as Y ═ Y1，y2，y3，y4) The transformation factor from leaf structure to leaf filament structure is denoted K, where K (K)i，j) Satisfy formulas (1) to (5):
step four, recording the tobacco shred structure data measured by a sample obtained at the flavoring end in the cigarette processing process as Z1 ═ Z (Z1，z2，z3，z4)，
The transfer coefficient from the baking end to the perfuming end is noted as Q (Q)i，j) Then Q satisfies equations (6) to (9):
the relation between the aromatized cut tobacco structure Z and the leaf structure X of the tobacco sheet is as the formula:
Z＝YQ＝XKQ＝X*(KQ) (10)
wherein K is the conversion coefficient, Q is the transmission coefficient,
step five, sampling at the front body end, detecting the physical index and the smoke index of the cigarette, determining the requirement standard M of the cut tobacco structure of the corresponding cigarette according to the open resistance standard deviation and the single weight standard deviation of the cigarette smoke according to a 95% confidence interval,
obtained according to equation (10):
Z＝X*(KQ)∈M (11)
the distribution range of X is obtained by using the formula (11), since X is composed of a large number of X1Middle sheet x2Small piece x3Fragment x4The distribution range of each blade structure belongs to [0, 1]]Therefore, in solving the feasible region of X of equation (11), p is used as the interval to generate [0: p: 1] respectively]×[0:p:1]×[0:p:1]×[0:p:1]Then substituting points on the grid into the formula (11), judging whether L is established or not, finding feasible solutions in sequence,
for the feasible solution of formula (11), the corresponding meaning of the blade structure is shown in the following table,
| serial number | Type of interval | Structural significance of blade |
| 1 | (0，m1) | Reduce |
| 2 | (m1，m2) | Control of |
| 3 | (m2，100) | Lifting of |
。
Further, the method for measuring and calculating the structural distribution range of the threshing and redrying leaves based on the transformation transfer equation further comprises the following steps: step six: and taking the tobacco flakes meeting the significance of the leaf structure in the step six to a laboratory for shredding, and judging whether the final leaf shred structure falls into the requirement standard L of the leaf shred structure.
Further, the method for measuring and calculating the structural distribution range of the threshing and redrying leaves based on the transformation transfer equation also has the following characteristics: wherein p is 0.05.
Advantageous effects of the invention
The method for measuring and calculating the structural distribution range of the threshing and redrying leaves based on the transformation transfer equation has the following advantages:
firstly, the transformation of various leaf structures to various leaf silk structures is represented by a constraint equation for the first time, the transformation equation can make up to a great extent how the leaf structures which cannot be explained by the related equation are transformed into the leaf silk structures, and the result is visual and has strong interpretability.
Secondly, in the processing process of different cigarette process procedures, the cut tobacco structure belongs to transmission, only the length is shortened, but not the length is shortened, so that the regression equation constrained in the process can better accord with the actual production processing process.
Finally, the feasible domain is difficult to solve by the inverse derivation of the inequality equation set formed by the constraint equations, and the calculation mode and the result of the linear inequality equation set are given by adopting a successive cycle mode for the first time in the invention.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a diagram of a distribution box for a possible solution of the blade structure,
figure 2 distribution histogram of a possible solution of the blade structure,
FIG. 3 shows a transformation transfer equation-based threshing and redrying leaf structureDistribution ofAnd (4) a flow chart of a range measuring and calculating method.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and figures, which are intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and equivalents fall within the scope of the appended claims.
As shown in FIG. 3, the method for measuring and calculating the distribution range of the threshing and redrying leaf structure based on the transformation transfer equation comprises the following steps:
sampling the tobacco flakes in each production place at an outlet of a threshing and redrying machine, obtaining leaf structure data of each grade through a screen, covering a large flake rate, a medium flake rate, a small flake rate, a fragment rate and a powder rate, and calculating an average value of the data of the leaf structure of each batch of tobacco flakes by taking the grade as a unit;
step two, sampling is carried out at a cut tobacco drying end, a flavoring end and a precursor end of the cigarette processing technology, leaf shred structure data of each grade are obtained, the leaf shred structure data comprise filament rate, medium shred rate, short shred rate and shred rate, the average value of the leaf shred structure data of each batch is obtained by taking the grade as a unit,
step three, the blade structure data obtained in the step one: the large slice rate, the medium slice rate, the small slice rate and the fragment rate are recorded as a vector X ═ X1，x2，x3，x4) And measuring the cut tobacco structure of the sample taken at the cut tobacco drying end: the filament, medium, short and broken filament rates are denoted as Y ═ Y1，y2，y3，y4) The transformation factor from leaf structure to leaf filament structure is denoted K, where K (K)i，j) Satisfy formulas (1) to (5):
step four, recording the tobacco shred structure data measured by a sample obtained at the flavoring end in the cigarette processing process as Z1 ═ Z (Z)1，z2，z3，z4)，
The transfer coefficient from the baking end to the perfuming end is noted as Q (Q)i，j) Then Q satisfies equations (6) to (9):
the relation between the aromatized cut tobacco structure Z and the leaf structure X of the tobacco sheet is as the formula:
Z＝YQ＝XKQ＝X*(KQ) (10)
wherein K is the conversion coefficient, Q is the transmission coefficient,
step five, sampling at the front body end, detecting the physical index and the smoke index of the cigarette, determining the requirement standard M of the cut tobacco structure of the corresponding cigarette according to the open resistance standard deviation and the single weight standard deviation of the cigarette smoke according to a 95% confidence interval,
obtained according to equation (10):
Z＝X*(KQ)∈M (11)
the feasible region of X is obtained by using the formula (11), because X is composed of a large number of X1Middle sheet x2Small piece x3Fragment x4The distribution range of each blade structure belongs to [0, 1]]Therefore, in solving the feasible region of X of equation (11), p is used as the interval to generate [0: p: 1] respectively]×[0:p:1]×[0:p:1]×[0:p:1]Then substituting the points on the grid into the formula (11), judging whether the requirement standard M is established, finding out feasible solutions in sequence,
for the feasible solution of formula (11), the corresponding meaning of the blade structure is as follows,
table 1: corresponding significance to leaf structure in feasible solution
| Serial number | Type of interval | Structural significance of blade |
| 1 | (0，m1) | Reduce |
| 2 | (m1，m2) | Control of |
| 3 | (m2，100) | Lifting of |
。
Step six: and taking the tobacco flakes meeting the significance of the leaf structure in the step five to a laboratory for shredding, and judging whether the final leaf shred structure falls into the requirement standard M of the leaf shred structure.
The method of the present invention is further illustrated below by taking a specific cigarette production process as an example.
The cigarette making process includes the following steps: sheet tobacco, moisture regain, cut tobacco, flavoring, back body and front body.
Firstly, at the outlet of a redrying machine of a cigarette production line, tobacco leaves in Henan are sampled into three batches of A1, A2 and A3 and tobacco leaves in Fujian, wherein the three batches of B1, B2 and B3 are divided into 6 batches of tobacco strips, the number of the samples in each batch is not less than 20, then the leaf structure of the tobacco strips is determined by a laboratory according to the standard of GB/T21137-2007 determination of the size of the tobacco strips, and the average value of the leaf structure of each batch is respectively obtained by taking the batch as a unit, as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 distribution table of tobacco lamina structure
According to Table 1, X matrix composed of large fraction, medium fraction, small fraction and fragment fraction is obtained as follows,
the leaf shred structures measured by the samples taken from the shred drying end are respectively obtained: the filament rate, medium filament rate, short filament rate, and broken filament rate were calculated in batches to obtain the average value of the leaf filament structure, respectively, as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 measurement of cut tobacco end cut tobacco drying structure
| Batches of | Filament rate | Rate of medium silk | Short filament rate | Rate of broken filaments |
| A1 | 72.71 | 12.30 | 13.20 | 1.79 |
| A2 | 77.14 | 10.59 | 10.68 | 1.59 |
| A3 | 77.07 | 10.52 | 10.89 | 1.52 |
| B1 | 62.34 | 17.06 | 18.46 | 2.14 |
| B2 | 68.87 | 13.92 | 15.09 | 2.12 |
| B3 | 69.60 | 13.43 | 15.05 | 1.92 |
According to Table 3, a Y matrix consisting of a filament fraction, a medium fraction, a short fraction and a broken fraction was obtained as follows,
obtaining a conversion coefficient K from the tobacco sheet end of the cigarette to cut tobacco according to the formulas (3), (4) and (5) as follows:
the predicted value Pre _ Y ═ X × K of the leaf filament structure at the end of the oven, as shown in table 4,
TABLE 4 predicted value of cut tobacco drying end cut tobacco structure
| Filament rate | Rate of medium silk | Short filament rate | Rate of broken filaments | |
| A1 | 72.79 | 12.95 | 13.29 | 0.87 |
| A2 | 73.42 | 12.7 | 12.87 | 0.9 |
| A3 | 74.28 | 12.33 | 12.37 | 0.9 |
| B1 | 63.01 | 16.58 | 17.58 | 1.28 |
| B2 | 73.23 | 12.46 | 12.8 | 0.83 |
| B3 | 71.19 | 13.3 | 13.68 | 0.98 |
The absolute error between the prediction of the cut tobacco structure at the cut tobacco end and the cut tobacco structure at the real cut tobacco end is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 prediction error of cut tobacco drying end cut tobacco structure
| Filament rate | Rate of medium silk | Short filament rate | Rate of broken filaments | |
| A1 | 0.08 | 0.65 | 0.09 | -0.92 |
| A2 | -3.72 | 2.11 | 2.19 | -0.69 |
| A3 | -2.79 | 1.81 | 1.48 | -0.62 |
| B1 | 0.67 | -0.48 | -0.88 | -0.86 |
| B2 | 4.36 | -1.46 | -2.29 | -1.29 |
| B3 | 1.59 | -0.13 | -1.37 | -0.94 |
Sampling at the flavoring end, taking not less than 20 samples in each batch, detecting the leaf shred structure in a laboratory, calculating the average value according to the batch to obtain the leaf shred structure of the flavoring end as shown in Table 6,
TABLE 6 measurement of flavoured end cut leaf structure
The following Z matrix consisting of filament fraction, medium fraction, short fraction and broken fraction was obtained from Table 6:
according to the formulas (6), (7), (8) and (9), the transmission coefficient Q from the tobacco shred drying end to the tobacco shred is obtained as follows:
predicted values of cut leaf structure of flavored ends Pre _ Z ═ Y × Q are shown in table 7
TABLE 7 predicted value of cut leaf structure of perfuming end
| Filament rate | Rate of medium silk | Short filament rate | Rate of broken filaments | |
| A1 | 68.41 | 16.60 | 13.20 | 1.79 |
| A2 | 72.58 | 15.15 | 10.68 | 1.59 |
| A3 | 72.51 | 15.08 | 10.89 | 1.52 |
| B1 | 58.65 | 20.75 | 18.46 | 2.14 |
| B2 | 64.80 | 17.99 | 15.09 | 2.12 |
| B3 | 65.48 | 17.55 | 15.05 | 1.92 |
The absolute error between the prediction of the leaf thread structure of the perfuming end and the leaf thread structure of the real perfuming end is shown in table 8:
TABLE 8 prediction error of perfuming end leaf thread structure
The matrix KQ of the relationship of the lamina to the flavour according to equations (10) and (11) is shown in table 9,
TABLE 9 tobacco lamina to flavor relationship matrix
| 0.76 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.00 |
| 0.72 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.00 |
| 0.51 | 0.11 | 0.38 | 0.00 |
| 0.00 | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.28 |
The range of requirements for the cut tobacco structure of the flavored end obtained according to the fifth step is shown in table 10:
TABLE 10 required range of leaf shred structure
| Leaf thread structure | Lower bound | Upper bound of |
| |
0 | 65.72 |
| Medium silk | 13.31 | 100 |
| Short silk | 17.96 | 100 |
| |
0 | 3.17 |
According to the formula (10) and the range of the leaf filaments, an inequality equation set is obtained:
feasible solutions to the inequality equation set are shown in table 11, where p is 0.05:1, 0:0.05:1,
TABLE 11 distribution Range of blade configurations
| Variables of | Blade structure | Lower bound | Upper bound of | |
| x1 | |
0 | 28 | |
| | Middle piece | 0 | 34 | |
| x3 | Tablet(s) | 38 | 100 | |
| x4 | Pieces of | 4 | 10 |
The distribution of feasible solutions is shown in fig. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a distribution box diagram of a possible solution to the blade structure, with a 95% confidence interval. In FIG. 1, a is a large piece, b is a medium piece, c is a small piece, and d is a chip.
According to the significance of the final feasible solution of formula (11) in table 1, the threshing and redrying industry needs to reduce the size, reduce the middle size, increase the size and control the crumbling under the condition of meeting the requirement standard of the cut tobacco structure.
The pure small pieces are in a tobacco leaf structure form meeting the requirement standard range of the leaf structure, and the leaf shred structure obtained by shredding the pure small pieces through laboratory small line shredding verification is as shown in the following table 12.
TABLE 12 Small pieces of laboratory cut leaf filament structural distribution (%)
| Specification of | Filament yarn | Medium silk | Short silk | Shredded tobacco |
| Mean value | 56.76 | 21.34 | 19.93 | 2.21 |
| Required range of leaf filament structure | [0，65.72] | [13.31，100] | [17.96，100] | [0，3.17] |
| Whether to meet the requirements of cut tobacco | Conform to | Conform to | Conform to | Conform to |
The results in table 12 show that in the field of threshing and redrying, the improvement of the small piece rate of the leaf structure can completely meet the requirement of the leaf shred structure.
Claims (3)
1. A method for measuring and calculating structural demand range of threshing and redrying leaves based on a conversion transfer equation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sampling the tobacco flakes in each production place at an outlet of a threshing and redrying machine, obtaining leaf structure data of each grade through a screen, covering a large flake rate, a medium flake rate, a small flake rate, a fragment rate and a powder rate, and calculating an average value of the data of the leaf structure of each batch of tobacco flakes by taking the grade as a unit;
step two, sampling is carried out at a cut tobacco drying end, a flavoring end and a precursor end of the cigarette processing technology, leaf shred structure data of each grade are obtained, the leaf shred structure data comprise filament rate, medium shred rate, short shred rate and shred rate, the average value of the leaf shred structure data of each batch is obtained by taking the grade as a unit,
step three, the blade structure data obtained in the step one: the large slice rate, the medium slice rate, the small slice rate and the fragment rate are recorded as a vector X ═ X1，x2，x3，x4) And measuring the cut tobacco structure of the sample taken at the cut tobacco drying end: the filament, medium, short and broken filament rates are denoted as Y ═ Y1，y2，y3，y4) The transformation factor from leaf structure to leaf filament structure is denoted K, where K (K)i，j) Satisfy formulas (1) to (5):
step four, recording the tobacco shred structure data measured by a sample obtained at the flavoring end in the cigarette processing process as Z1 ═ Z (Z1，z2，z3，z4)，
The transfer coefficient from the baking end to the perfuming end is noted as Q (Q)i，j) Then Q satisfies equations (6) to (9):
the relation between the aromatized cut tobacco structure Z and the leaf structure X of the tobacco sheet is as the formula:
Z＝YQ＝XKQ＝X*(KQ) (10)
wherein K is the conversion coefficient, Q is the transmission coefficient,
step five, sampling at the front body end, detecting the physical index and the smoke index of the cigarette, determining a demand standard M corresponding to the cut tobacco structure of the cigarette according to the open resistance standard deviation and the single weight standard deviation of the cigarette smoke according to a 95% confidence interval, wherein the demand standard M is the distribution range of the cut tobacco structure,
obtained according to equation (10):
Z＝X*(KQ)∈M (11)
the feasible region of X, the interval of the knot and demand standards M and p is obtained by using the formula (11) to obtain the distribution range of each blade structure, because X is composed of a large X1Middle sheet x2Small piece x3Fragment x4The distribution range of each blade structure belongs to [0, 1]]Therefore, in solving the feasible region of X of equation (11), at intervals of p, the values of [0: p:1]×[0：p：1]×[0：p：1]×[0：p：1]Then substituting the points on the grid into the formula (11), judging whether the requirement standard M is established, finding out feasible solutions in sequence to obtain a distribution range L,
for the feasible solution of formula (11), the corresponding meaning of the blade structure is as follows,
。
2. The method for measuring and calculating the structural requirement range of the threshing and redrying blade based on the transformation transfer equation as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
step six: and taking the tobacco flakes meeting the significance of the leaf structure in the step six to a laboratory for shredding, and judging whether the final leaf shred structure falls into the requirement standard M of the leaf shred structure.
3. The method for measuring and calculating the structural requirement range of the threshing and redrying blade based on the transformation transfer equation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in step five, p is 0.05.
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| CN110839929A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for automatically regulating and controlling structure of tobacco lamina on line and threshing and redrying processing method |
| CN110839930A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | On-line automatic control method for tobacco structure and processing method for threshing and redrying |
| CN115932185B (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2025-01-21 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf threshing and sheet shape characteristics determination method and sheet shape control process determination method |
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