CN108650696A - A kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN108650696A CN108650696A CN201810418218.7A CN201810418218A CN108650696A CN 108650696 A CN108650696 A CN 108650696A CN 201810418218 A CN201810418218 A CN 201810418218A CN 108650696 A CN108650696 A CN 108650696A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
- H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/46—Cluster building
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection methods of high energy efficiency, include the following steps：Step（1）Calculate the neighbor node number of each node in network；Step（2）Judge that the type of each node is internal node or external node；Step（3）Judge that the type of each neighbor node of each node in network is internal neighbor node or external neighbor node；Step（4）Calculate the internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes of each node in network；Step（5）Calculate the node density of each node；Step（6）Calculate the dump energy of each node；Step（7）Calculate the cluster head selection parameter value of each node；Step（8）The cluster head selection parameter value of each node in network is compared with the cluster head selection parameter value of its all neighbor node, it is cluster head to select the maximum node of cluster head selection parameter value.It is an advantage of the invention that：The consumption that nodes energy can be balanced, improves efficiency, extends network life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology fields, and in particular to a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selecting party of high energy efficiency
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, wireless sensor network (WSN) is in such as military surveillance, and environmental monitoring, security system and industry are automatic
Great research concern has been obtained in many applications such as change.But moment sensor equipment is typically all battery powered, and wireless biography
The general inconvenient arrival in place for feeling network arrangements, once sensing equipment battery exhausts the death this means that the network node, causes
The decline of sensing network function is even lost.Therefore energy becomes the bottleneck problem for restricting wireless sensor network, energy saving to be
The key of Network Protocol Design.
In wireless sensor network, cluster is one of the effective ways for saving energy, because in the network of cluster only
There are a small number of cluster heads to be in active state, and other nodes can be with suspend mode.In a cluster, the major function of cluster head is collected in cluster
Information is simultaneously transmitted to base station, and therefore, the selection of cluster head is crucial in Clustering Algorithm.It is carried at present there are many Clustering Algorithm
Go out, such as LEACH, EED, EEC；
Wherein LEACH is the low power consumption adaptive cluster layered protocol proposed by W.R.Heinzelman et al., is most
One of typical Clustering Algorithm, when each round cluster head selects, it is not chosen as the node conduct of cluster head before randomly choosing
The energy load of whole network is evenly distributed to each sensor node by new cluster head, to reduce network energy consumption, improves net
The bulk life time of network, still, the randomness of cluster head selection can cause the node of high density low energy to be chosen as cluster head, to lead
Cause leader cluster node energy expenditure too fast and dead.
EED is to propose the cluster head selection method based on node density and dump energy, the party by W.A.Ellatief et al.
Method introduces the concept of internal node and boundary node to carry out cluster head selection, wherein the node quilt with more internal neighbor number
It is selected as cluster head, and when the dump energy of node is less than given threshold, cluster head can just change, but this method is selected in cluster head
More focus on the influence of node density during selecting, it is too fast to have ignored high density node energy expenditure, make occur energy in network
Amount consumes non-uniform problem.
And EEC is to propose a kind of new cluster head selection criteria based on node density and dump energy by V.Vijay et al.,
This method considers the node density under equal weight and dump energy in cluster head selection, however this method has ignored node density
Balance between dump energy, and with influence of the increase death nodes of round to node density is transmitted, lead to low energy
Measure leader cluster node premature death.
Therefore there is an urgent need for the cluster head selecting partys of a kind of energy active balance nodes energy expenditure of invention, extension network life
Method.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selecting partys that can be improved efficiency and extend network life
Method.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical solutions：A kind of choosing of the wireless sense network cluster head
Selection method includes the following steps：
Step (1)：Calculate the neighbor node number of each node in network；
Step (2)：According to the neighbor node number of each node in network, judge the type of each node be internal node also
It is external node；
Step (3)：According to the type of each node, judge that the type of each neighbor node of each node in network is interior
Portion's neighbor node or external neighbor node；
Step (4)：Calculate the internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes of each node in network；
Step (5)：It is calculated according to the neighbor node number of each node, internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes every
The node density of a node；
Step (6)：According to the gross energy of the present energy of each node and nodes, the residue of each node is calculated
Energy；
Step (7)：According to the node density and dump energy of each node, the cluster head selection parameter of each node is calculated
Value；
Step (8)：By the cluster head selection of the cluster head selection parameter value neighbor node all with it of each node in network
Parameter value is compared, and it is cluster head to select the maximum node of cluster head selection parameter value.
Further, the selection method of a kind of wireless sense network cluster head above-mentioned, wherein：In step (2), node type
Specific judgment method be：When the neighbor node number of node is greater than or equal to three, then judge present node for internal node；
When the neighbor node number of node is less than three, then judge present node for external node.
Further, the selection method of a kind of wireless sense network cluster head above-mentioned, wherein：In step (3), the neighbour of node
Occupying the specific judgment method of the type of node is：When the neighbor node of node is internal node, then judge that the neighbor node is
Internal neighbor node；It is then to judge the neighbor node for external neighbor node when the neighbor node of node is external node.
Further, the selection method of a kind of wireless sense network cluster head above-mentioned, wherein：In step (5), each node
The specific formula for calculation of node density be：
Wherein, x is node, NactFor the number of nodes that all dump energies are not zero in network, degxIt is saved for the neighbours of node
It counts out, inxFor the internal neighbor number of nodes of node；outxFor the external neighbor number of nodes of node.
Further, the selection method of a kind of wireless sense network cluster head above-mentioned, wherein：In step (6), each node
The present energy of dump energy node and the ratio of gross energy of nodes be indicated, i.e. rex/Etot；Wherein,
rexFor the present energy of node, EtotFor the gross energy of nodes.
Further, the selection method of a kind of wireless sense network cluster head above-mentioned, wherein：In step (7), each node
The specific formula for calculation of cluster head selection parameter value be：
Wherein, x is node, and c is Dynamic Weights, NactFor the number of nodes that all dump energies are not zero in network, degxFor
The neighbor node number of node, inxFor the internal neighbor number of nodes of node；outxFor the external neighbor number of nodes of node, rexFor
The present energy of node, EtotFor the gross energy of nodes；
Wherein c=1/1+ α, α=rex/Einit, rexFor the present energy of node, EinitFor the primary power of node.
Through the implementation of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：(1) present invention considers death nodes to section
The influence of dot density, and introduce Dynamic Weights in cluster head selection parameter value and come balance nodes density and dump energy to cluster head choosing
The influence selected so that the node with higher node density and more dump energies is selected as cluster head, to balance in network
The consumption of node energy, improves efficiency, extends network life；(2) used dynamic node close in cluster head selection course
Degree is effectively avoided the occurrence of causing node energy consumption too fast because certain nodes are chosen as cluster head always, further be carried
High efficiency, extends network life；(3) with the increase of transmission round, proportion of the dump energy in cluster head selection course
It gradually increases, effectively avoids the occurrence of causing node premature death because low energy node is selected as cluster head, further
Efficiency is improved, network life is extended.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is using cluster head selection method of the present invention and network after the cluster head selection method described in background technology
Graph of relation between middle death nodes percentage and transmission round.
Fig. 3 is using cluster head selection method of the present invention and network after the cluster head selection method described in background technology
Relational graph between life span and nodes number of variations.
Fig. 4 is using cluster head selection method of the present invention and network after the cluster head selection method described in background technology
Relational graph between area change and network lifetime.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency, includes the following steps：
Step (1)：Calculate the neighbor node number of each node in network；
Step (2)：According to the neighbor node number of each node in network, judge the type of each node be internal node also
It is external node；Wherein, the specific judgment method of node type is：When the neighbor node number of node is greater than or equal to three,
Then judge present node for internal node；When the neighbor node number of node is less than three, then judge present node for outside segments
Point；
Step (3)：According to the type of each node, judge that the type of each neighbor node of each node in network is interior
Portion's neighbor node or external neighbor node；Wherein, the specific judgment method of the type of the neighbor node of node is：When node
When neighbor node is internal node, then judge the neighbor node for internal neighbor node；When the neighbor node of node is outside segments
Point is then to judge the neighbor node for external neighbor node；
Step (4)：Calculate the internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes of each node in network；
Step (5)：It is calculated according to the neighbor node number of each node, internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes every
The node density of a node；Wherein, the specific formula for calculation of the node density of each node is：
Wherein, x is node, NactFor the number of nodes that all dump energies are not zero in network, degxIt is saved for the neighbours of node
It counts out, inxFor the internal neighbor number of nodes of node；outxFor the external neighbor number of nodes of node；
Step (6)：According to the gross energy of the present energy of each node and nodes, the residue of each node is calculated
Energy；Wherein, the ratio of the gross energy of the present energy and nodes of the dump energy of each node node carries out table
Show, i.e. rex/Etot；Wherein, rexFor the present energy of node, EtotFor the gross energy of nodes；
Step (7)：According to the node density and dump energy of each node, the cluster head selection parameter of each node is calculated
Value；Wherein, the specific formula for calculation of the cluster head selection parameter value of each node is：
Wherein, x is node, and c is Dynamic Weights, NactFor the number of nodes that all dump energies are not zero in network, degxFor
The neighbor node number of node, inxFor the internal neighbor number of nodes of node；outxFor the external neighbor number of nodes of node, rexFor
The present energy of node, EtotFor the gross energy of nodes；
Wherein c=1/1+ α, α=rex/Einit, rexFor the present energy of node, EinitFor the primary power of node；
Step (8)：By the cluster head selection of the cluster head selection parameter value neighbor node all with it of each node in network
Parameter value is compared, and it is cluster head to select the maximum node of cluster head selection parameter value, remaining node for not being chosen as cluster head adds
Enter the cluster head nearest from it and forms cluster；
With reference to simulation analysis wireless sense network cluster head selection method (hereinafter referred to as this method) of the present invention
Performance.
The wireless sensor network that an area changes from S=100 × 100 to 250 × 250 is considered in simulations, wherein passing
The number N of sensor node is [200,400], and node-node transmission radius R value ranges are [10,20]；
(1) performance of the present invention is assessed in emulation using death nodes percentage in network and network lifetime, wherein
Network lifetime refers to the round that cluster head selection method executes when death nodes percentage is 75% in network, using this method
With the relationship between death nodes percentage in network after LEACH, EED and the EEC method in background technology and transmission round, tool
Body is shown in Figure 2, and from figure 2 it can be seen that with the increase for transmitting round, in this method and background technology
LEACH, EED and EEC method are compared, and death nodes percentage is minimum in the network of this method.
(2) performance of the present invention is assessed in emulation using nodes number of variations and network lifetime, using this
After LEACH, EED and EEC method in method and background technology between nodes number of variations and network lifetime
Relationship, shown in Fig. 3, and from figure 3, it can be seen that with nodes number increase, this method with the back of the body
LEACH, EED and EEC method in scape technology is compared, the network lifetime longest of this method, because this method is selected in cluster head
It avoids certain nodes to be chosen as cluster head always using dynamic node density during selecting and causes node energy consumption too fast, and
And the influence that dump energy and node density select cluster head is balanced using changeable weight, to make nodes energy disappear
Consumption is balanced, and network lifetime extends, and with the increase of nodes number, distance of the cluster head to base station transmission data
It shortens, this can reduce the energy consumption of leader cluster node, however, with the increase of number of nodes, each cluster head will merge more nodes
Information, this can cause leader cluster node energy consumption to increase, but since increased energy consumption is no better than reduced energy consumption, number of nodes
The increase of amount has little effect the network life of the same cluster head selection scheme.
(3) performance of the present invention is assessed in emulation using network area change and network lifetime, using this method with
Relationship after LEACH, EED and EEC method in background technology between network area change and network lifetime, referring specifically to
Shown in Fig. 4, and figure 4, it is seen that with network area increase, this method and LEACH, EED and EEC method phase
Than the network lifetime longest of this method, in wireless sensor network, when network survivability will be influenced by changing network area
Between, i.e., it will be reduced as network area increases network lifetime, but this method introduces one and move in cluster head selection course
State weight carrys out balance nodes density and the influence of dump energy selected cluster head is further prolonged to make Network Load Balance
Long network life.
Through the implementation of the above technical solution, it is an advantage of the invention that：(1) it is close to node to consider death nodes by the present invention
The influence of degree, and introduce Dynamic Weights in cluster head selection parameter value and come what balance nodes density and dump energy selected cluster head
It influences so that the node with higher node density and more dump energies is selected as cluster head, to balance nodes
The consumption of energy, improves efficiency, extends network life；(2) dynamic node density has been used in cluster head selection course, has been had
It imitates and avoids the occurrence of causing node energy consumption too fast because certain nodes are chosen as cluster head always, further improve energy
Effect, extends network life；(3) with the increase of transmission round, proportion of the dump energy in cluster head selection course gradually increases
Add, effectively avoids the occurrence of causing node premature death because low energy node is selected as cluster head, further improve
Efficiency extends network life.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Step (1)：Calculate the neighbor node number of each node in network；
Step (2)：According to the neighbor node number of each node in network, judge that the type of each node is internal node or outer
Portion's node；
Step (3)：According to the type of each node, judge that the type of each neighbor node of each node in network is internal adjacent
Occupy node or external neighbor node；
Step (4)：Calculate the internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes of each node in network；
Step (5)：Each section is calculated according to the neighbor node number of each node, internal neighbor number of nodes and external neighbor number of nodes
The node density of point；
Step (6)：According to the gross energy of the present energy of each node and nodes, the residual energy of each node is calculated
Amount；
Step (7)：According to the node density and dump energy of each node, the cluster head selection parameter value of each node is calculated；
Step (8)：By the cluster head selection parameter of the cluster head selection parameter value neighbor node all with it of each node in network
Value is compared, and it is cluster head to select the maximum node of cluster head selection parameter value.
2. a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(2) in, the specific judgment method of node type is：When the neighbor node number of node is greater than or equal to three, then judge current
Node is internal node；When the neighbor node number of node is less than three, then judge present node for external node.
3. a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(3) in, the specific judgment method of the type of the neighbor node of node is：When the neighbor node of node is internal node, then sentence
The neighbor node break as internal neighbor node；It is then to judge that the neighbor node is outer when the neighbor node of node is external node
Portion's neighbor node.
4. a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(5) in, the specific formula for calculation of the node density of each node is：
Wherein, x is node, NactFor the number of nodes that all dump energies are not zero in network, degxFor the neighbor node number of node
Mesh, inxFor the internal neighbor number of nodes of node；outxFor the external neighbor number of nodes of node.
5. a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(6) in, the ratio of the present energy of the dump energy node of each node and the gross energy of nodes is indicated, i.e.,
rex/Etot；Wherein, rexFor the present energy of node, EtotFor the gross energy of nodes.
6. a kind of wireless sense network cluster head selection method of high energy efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
(7) in, the specific formula for calculation of the cluster head selection parameter value of each node is：
Wherein, x is node, and c is Dynamic Weights, NactFor the number of nodes that all dump energies are not zero in network, degxFor node
Neighbor node number, inxFor the internal neighbor number of nodes of node；outxFor the external neighbor number of nodes of node, rexFor node
Present energy, EtotFor the gross energy of nodes；
Wherein c=1/1+ α, α=rex/Einit, rexFor the present energy of node, EinitFor the primary power of node.
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