CN108631592A - A kind of control device, power generator and the control method of solar power generation component - Google Patents
A kind of control device, power generator and the control method of solar power generation component Download PDFInfo
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- CN108631592A CN108631592A CN201810470280.0A CN201810470280A CN108631592A CN 108631592 A CN108631592 A CN 108631592A CN 201810470280 A CN201810470280 A CN 201810470280A CN 108631592 A CN108631592 A CN 108631592A
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- power generation
- output voltage
- generation component
- solar power
- conversion circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control device, device of solar generating and the control methods of solar power generation component, wherein a kind of control device of solar power generation component, including：Collector is respectively connected to solar power generation component and conversion circuit, for the output voltage of acquisition solar power generation component and the output voltage of output current and conversion circuit respectively and is sent to controller；Controller, it is connect with collector, and it is connected to conversion circuit, for output voltage and output current based on solar power generation component, and duty ratio is calculated in the output voltage of conversion circuit, and control duty ratio and act on conversion circuit, so that solar power generation component is exported voltage stabilization and output power reach the maximum value under current environment.The present invention can realize that the voltage stabilization of solar power generation component output and output power reach the double control of the maximum value under current environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to clean energy technology field, it is related to a kind of control device of solar power generation component, power generator
And control method.
Background technology
In recent years, the shared concept of the mobile energy, the energy is more and more universal, and the energy is moved using more solar energy
Belong to one of them newer concept, and since solar energy moves most of energy is prepared using crystal silicon component, with
And conventional crystalline silicon component has the defects of inflexibility, battery chip is easily broken so that it, which becomes, restricts solar energy movement energy
One key factor of source fast development, then, people have investigated flexible thin-film solar electrification component again, and natural can
Bendability determine filming by be solar energy move the energy mainstream development direction.
The visible solar energy movement energy includes mainly the products such as photovoltaic generation paper, solar energy backpack on the market at present, by
The rated power of the limitation of the photoelectric conversion efficiency and corresponding product size of photovoltaic, the above-mentioned solar energy movement energy does not surpass generally
40W is crossed, and is considered from adaptable angle cost-effective, under hot environment, the type product does not increase energy storage device generally,
It is to realize that output voltage is adjusted using simple BUCK, BOOST or BUCK-BOOST circuit, utilizes simple stick (Bang-
Bang) control principle changes (and output voltage of interface) adjustment output duty cycle according to load voltage and then adjusts output electricity
Stream and power.
The defect of the solar energy movable power supply of the type includes：1) in order to track MPPT (Maximum Power Point
Tracking, MPPT maximum power point tracking) function, output voltage is not controlled, is fluctuated by larger output voltage and coordinates power supply
Managing chip transmits input side energy so that quality of voltage is poor；2) do not have maximal power tracing function, even if solar energy is sent out
When electrical component output power has been less than load input power, solar power generation component cannot still operate at maximum power point.
Therefore, the prior art is typically all to give up quality of voltage, and maximum power is tracked using MPPT special integrated circuits,
Make solar power generation component stable output power in maximum, but can not realize maximum work on single-stage DC/DC translation circuits
Rate tracks and the double control function of output voltage stabilization.
Invention content
(1) goal of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of double control functions for realizing maximal power tracing and output voltage stabilization
A kind of control device, power generator and the control method of solar power generation component.
(2) technical solution
To solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of control device of solar power generation component, packet
It includes：Collector is respectively connected to solar power generation component and conversion circuit, the output for acquiring solar power generation component respectively
The output voltage of voltage and output current and conversion circuit is simultaneously sent to controller；Controller is connect with collector, and even
It is connected to conversion circuit, the output electricity for output voltage and output current and conversion circuit based on solar power generation component
Duty ratio is calculated in pressure, and controls duty ratio and acts on conversion circuit, the voltage stabilization for making solar power generation component export and
Output power reaches the maximum value under current environment.
Further, the controller includes：Maximum power control device is connect with the collector, for based on described
The output voltage and output current of solar power generation component carry out maximal power tracing calculating, obtain the first sub- duty ratio；Compensation
Device is connect with the conversion circuit, is calculated for the output voltage based on the conversion circuit, and the second sub- duty is obtained
Than the second sub- duty ratio is for compensating the described first sub- duty ratio；Superimposer, respectively with the maximum power control device and
The compensator connection, is overlapped calculating for being based on the described first sub- duty ratio and the second sub- duty ratio, obtains institute
State duty ratio.
Further, the output voltage based on the conversion circuit is calculated, including：Judge the conversion circuit
Output voltage whether within a predetermined range；If the output voltage of the conversion circuit exceeds preset range, based on described defeated
Go out error amount of the voltage beyond preset range and the second sub- duty ratio is calculated.
Further, before the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on the error amount, further include：Judge the sun
Whether the output voltage of energy electrification component reaches given threshold；If the output voltage of the conversion circuit exceeds normal range (NR), and
The output voltage of the solar power generation component reaches given threshold, then execution is calculated the second son based on the error amount and accounts for
The step of sky compares.
Further, the conversion circuit includes：Driver for comparing the duty ratio and carrier wave, and generates drive
Moving pulse；At least one switching tube is connect with the driver, for based on the driving pulse be connected or close accordingly
It is disconnected, so that the output voltage of the solar power generation component is maintained at a preset range, and the output power is made to reach current
Maximum value under environment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of device of solar generating, including
A kind of control device of solar power generation component further includes：Solar power generation component and conversion circuit, solar power generation component and
Conversion circuit is connect with collector respectively, and conversion circuit is also connect with controller.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the third aspect of the present invention provides a kind of control of solar power generation component
Method, including：Acquire the output voltage of the output voltage and output current and conversion circuit of solar power generation component；It is based on
The output voltage and output current of solar power generation component and the output voltage of conversion circuit calculate duty ratio；Based on duty
Than controlling conversion circuit, so that solar power generation component is exported voltage stabilization and output power reach the maximum under current environment
Value.
Further, described based on conversion circuit described in the Duty ratio control, including：Based on the solar power generation group
The output voltage and output current of part carry out maximal power tracing calculating, obtain the first sub- duty ratio；Based on the conversion circuit
Output voltage calculated, obtain the second sub- duty ratio, wherein the second sub- duty ratio is for compensating the described first sub- duty
Than；Described first sub- duty ratio and the second sub- duty ratio are overlapped calculating, obtain the duty ratio.
Further, the output voltage of the conversion circuit is calculated, including：Judge the output electricity of the conversion circuit
Within a predetermined range whether pressure；It is super based on the output voltage if the output voltage of the conversion circuit exceeds preset range
The second sub- duty ratio is calculated in the error amount for going out preset range.
Further, which further includes：Judge whether the output voltage of the solar power generation component reaches to set
Determine threshold value；If the output voltage of the conversion circuit exceeds normal range (NR), and the output voltage of the solar power generation component reaches
To given threshold, then the step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on the error amount is executed.
Further, which further includes：The duty ratio and carrier wave are compared, and generate driving pulse；It is based on
The driving pulse carries out corresponding on or off, so that the output voltage of the solar panel is maintained at a predetermined model
It encloses and the output power reaches maximum value under current environment.
(3) advantageous effect
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：Solar power generation group is acquired by collector
The output voltage of part 101, output current, and the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 is acquired, and it is sent to controller 103, by controlling
The output voltage meter of output voltage and output current and conversion circuit 102 of the device 103 processed based on solar power generation component 101
Calculation obtains duty ratio, to the on or off based on switching tube in Duty ratio control conversion circuit 102, too to control simultaneously
The voltage stabilization and output power that positive energy electrification component 101 exports reach the maximum value under current environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operating voltage of solar power generation component and output power curve figure in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the control device of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the control device of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structure of the control device of solar power generation component based on BUCK circuits of the embodiment of the present invention three
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention four；
Fig. 6 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention five；
Fig. 7 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention six；
Fig. 8 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention seven；
Fig. 9 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention eight.
Reference numeral：
1：Collector；101：Solar power generation component；102：Conversion circuit；1021：Driver；1022：Switching tube；103：
Controller；1031：Maximum power control device；1032：Compensator；1033：Superimposer.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment and join
According to attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair
Bright range.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid this is unnecessarily obscured
The concept of invention.
Technical term：
Single-stage energy conversion DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC) circuit：It refer to packet
Circuit containing BUCK (Buck conversion circuit), BOOST circuits (switch DC booster circuit), BUCK-BOOST circuit (decompressions-liter
Volt circuit) and half-bridge, full-bridge or other topological structures etc. isolation or non-isolated circuit, the characteristics of circuit be control it is defeated
Output power can not then be taken into account by going out power then and can not taking into account output voltage or control output voltage.I.e. by single-stage energy conversion
After DC-DC circuit accesses solar energy circuit, if solar power generation assembly operating at its maximum power point, is unable to control output
Voltage causes output voltage may overvoltage or under-voltage.Similarly, after controlling output voltage, solar power generation group can not be allowed always
Part operates at maximum power point.
Duty ratio：The time that finger circuit is switched on accounts for the percentage of entire circuit work period.For buck circuits,
If input is 5V, under electric current continuous operation mode, exports and be multiplied by duty ratio 50% for input, be equal to 2.5V.
Maximal power tracing point：The peak power output of solar panel also changes at any time with the variation of illumination, if defeated
It is excessive to go out electric current, voltage can decline rapidly (close to zero), and power is also close to zero at this time, therefore to control output current, makes voltage
It is maintained at ideal value, power is maximum at this time, referred to as maximum power.At maximum power point, if output voltage is too big, electric current
It is reduced rapidly, output power reduces, whereas if output voltage reduces, although it is the two that electric current, which has rising slightly, power,
Product, the power after multiplication still reduces, it can be seen that, only output voltage is in maximum power point pair from the curve of Fig. 1
When the voltage answered, i.e. output power is maximum after the two is multiplied.
The principle of MPPT maximum power point tracking：Solar power generation component is connect with load by DC/DC circuits, maximum power with
Track is to be changed by constantly detecting the Current Voltage of solar power generation component, and change the PWM to DC/DC converters according to it
Drive signal duty cycle is adjusted.For linear circuit, when load resistance is equal to the internal resistance of power supply, power supply has most
High-power output.Although solar power generation component and DC/DC conversion circuits are all strong nonlinearities, in the extremely short time
It is interior, it is believed that be linear circuit.Therefore, it is made to be consistently equal to solar energy as long as adjusting the equivalent resistance of DC-DC conversion circuits
The internal resistance of electrification component, so that it may to realize the maximum output of solar power generation component, also be achieved that solar power generation component
Maximal power tracing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of maximal power tracing point in the prior art.
The voltage-current curve of solar power generation component is in non-linear, and power is the two product, therefore, power vs. voltage
Or power-current curve not instead of monotonous curve, in some voltage or some electric current, there are maximum power values, therefore such as
Fruit solar power generation component always work in this maximum power point or its near, more energy can be exported, brought higher
System effectiveness.But since maximum power point is not changeless, and as the variation of radiation intensity and environment temperature is moved.And
Solar power generation component itself and do not have function from motion tracking maximum power point, it is therefore desirable to use certain control circuit
It is tracked with control algolithm.
As shown in Figure 1, assuming initially that the operating voltage of solar power generation component is controllable to gradually increase, it can be seen that
Initially, solar power generation component operation is on PM points, and due to the increase of operating voltage, subsequent time operating point has moved to PM+1,
There is PM at this time<PM+1, operating voltage continue growing so that operating point is climb along power curve is raised to maximum power point PM0
Place, proceeds with one's work and a little continues to move right, and Pn occur>Pn+1 can pass through the variation of change operating voltage in this punching
Direction then may be implemented to make operating point from another direction from climbing to summit even if operating voltage is gradually reduced, so anti-
The change of solar power generation component operation point voltage is controlled again, it will be able to realize the final steady operation in operating point in maximum power point
Near.
By the prior art, inventor has found following problem：It realizes maximal power tracing, then needs to solar power generation
The output voltage of component is constantly adjusted, and in adjustment process, output voltage can constantly change, that is, become larger or become smaller, in this way
Controller rear end output voltage will certainly be caused unstable, the problem of the quality of voltage difference such as over-pressed, under-voltage.With conventional single-stage
For BUCK circuits, solar power generation component maximal power tracing and control output voltage stabilization can not be met simultaneously in target
The reason of voltage value, is：If a certain loaded work piece is under rated condition, solar power generation component output power and load
Absorbed power matching, and if the operating point of solar power generation assembly operating is transferred at maximum power point, solar energy hair
The output power of electrical component be more than load power, DC/DC translation circuits will because the power of input and output mismatches can not
Work, therefore conventional BUCK circuits can not control the two simultaneously.
By studying the prior art, finder can be by being detected load output voltage, and is based on inspection
It surveys result the output voltage of solar power generation component is adjusted, it is made to stablize in a certain range, and be unlikely to so that defeated
It is too big to go out voltage fluctuation, causes quality of voltage poor.Specifically refer to the introduction of following embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the control device of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention one.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of control device of solar power generation component, including：Collector 100, is respectively connected to the sun
Energy electrification component 101 and conversion circuit 102, output voltage and output current for acquiring solar power generation component 101 respectively,
And conversion circuit 102 output voltage and be sent to controller 103；Controller 103, it is electric with collector 100 and conversion respectively
Road 102 connects, and is used for the output of output voltage and output current and conversion circuit 102 based on solar power generation component 101
Duty ratio is calculated in voltage, and controls duty ratio and act on conversion circuit 102, the electricity for making solar power generation component 101 export
Pressure is stablized and output power reaches the maximum value under current environment.
Specifically, collector 100 is to acquire the output voltage and output current of solar power generation component 101, and conversion
The output voltage of circuit 102, and it is sent to controller 103, so that output of the controller 103 based on solar power generation component 101
The output voltage and output current of voltage and output current and conversion circuit 102 calculate duty ratio, the duty ratio being calculated
It can be applied to conversion circuit 102, the duty ratio of the switching tube inside conversion circuit 102 is adjusted, which can
Reach two effects：(1) so that the equivalent internal resistance of conversion circuit is identical as the internal resistance of solar cell, to make solar power generation
Component reaches maximum power point (mpp)；(2) by the output voltage stabilization of solar power generation component, reduce voltage fluctuation, improve
Quality of voltage.Specifically the conduction time by controlling the switching tube in conversion circuit 102, to adjust solar power generation
The output voltage of component 101 so that solar power generation component 101 export voltage stabilization and output power reach Current Temperatures or
Maximum value under illumination work condition environment.The applicating example of duty ratio is, if the duty ratio being calculated is 30%, and conversion electricity
The work period of switching tube in road 102 is 10s, then the conduction time of switching tube is 3s in conversion circuit 102.
Further, the output voltage and output current of the solar power generation component 101 acquired due to collector 100, with
And the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 is analog signal, therefore, collector is selected as modulate circuit, i.e., by the mould of acquisition
Quasi- signal condition is the digital signal for the sampling input range for being suitble to controller.
In the embodiment of the present invention one, collector is present in circuit as an individual module, can as one kind
Collector can also be built in controller by the embodiment of choosing in order to simplify circuit.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the control device of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention two.
As shown in figure 3, controller 103 includes maximum power control device 1031, compensator 1032 and superimposer 1033, it is maximum
Power controller 1031 and compensator 1032 are connect with superimposer 1033 respectively, and superimposer 1033 is connect with conversion circuit 102；Most
Big power controller 1031 is connect with solar power generation component 101, for output voltage based on solar power generation component and defeated
Go out electric current and carry out maximal power tracing calculating, obtains the first sub- duty ratio；Compensator 1032 connect with conversion circuit 102, is used for
Based on the output voltage of conversion circuit 102, that is, the input voltage loaded is calculated, and is obtained for compensating the first sub- duty ratio
Second sub- duty ratio；Superimposer 1033 is connect with maximum power control device 1031 and compensator 1032 respectively, for being based on first
Sub- duty ratio and the second sub- duty ratio are overlapped calculating, obtain duty ratio.
Specifically, when calculating the second sub- duty ratio, need the output voltage for judging conversion circuit 102 whether in predetermined model
In enclosing；If the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 exceeds preset range, the error amount meter of preset range is exceeded based on output voltage
Calculation obtains the second sub- duty ratio.If without departing from preset range, need not compensate.Such as：If the normal work electricity of load
Pressure is 4.3V-5V, and detects the range that the obtained output voltage of conversion circuit 102 exceeds normal working voltage, then need by
The output voltage of conversion circuit 102 is adjusted to normal range (NR), and the second sub- duty ratio is by the output voltage tune of conversion circuit 102
It saves to the duty ratio of normal range (NR).
Further, due to can sometimes there is the case where accidentally compensating, i.e., since the factors such as external interference make load
Input voltage fluctuation exceeds normal range (NR), and is caused not due to the output voltage of solar power generation component, and therefore, it is necessary to too
The output voltage of positive energy electrification component sets a threshold value, and then judges whether the output voltage of solar power generation component reaches setting
Threshold value；If the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 exceeds preset range, and the output voltage of solar power generation component reaches setting threshold
Value then executes the step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on error amount；And if the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 is beyond just
Normal range, but the output voltage of solar power generation component is not up to given threshold, then without compensation, i.e., does not execute based on error
The step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated in value.
In embodiments of the present invention, the first sub- duty ratio enables to solar power generation after acting on conversion circuit 102
The output power of component 101 reaches maximal power tracing point, still, problems of the prior art as shown in Figure 1, if
Maximum power point is only tracked, then it is larger to there is a problem of that output voltage fluctuates.Therefore the present invention is by the defeated of conversion circuit
Go out voltage to be acquired, and the output voltage of conversion circuit is calculated using Compensation Control, obtains the second sub- duty
Than for the output voltage for adjusting solar power generation component so that it is stablized in a certain preset range, which is negative
The power bracket for carrying normal work, can rule of thumb be set by artificially.The preset range enables to solar power generation group
The output voltage fluctuation of part is smaller, and then improves output voltage quality.
It should be noted that the compensator principle used in the embodiment of the present invention is using with PID closed loop control functions
Adjusting algorithm of the error compensator as output voltage, compensator is by acquiring solar power generation component output voltage Vpv, defeated
Go out the output voltage Vout of electric current Ipv and translation circuit, and then is acquired in compensation conversion circuit and opened by Error Compensation Algorithm
Close the second sub- duty ratio D2 of pipe；But invention is not limited thereto, can also use adjuster, error controller using error into
Row compensation.
In embodiments of the present invention, superimposer can be adder, and the first sub- duty ratio is added with the second sub- duty ratio
Obtain duty ratio.That is D=D1+D2, wherein D2 has positive negativity, when D2 be just, then mean that load output voltage is too low, such as：
Load output voltage is less than output voltage lower limiting value 4.3V, needs on the basis of the duty ratio of present load output voltage plus benefit
Value D2 is repaid, preset range is pulled it back, is kept it in normal range of operation；When D2 be negative value, then mean load output
Overtension, such as：Load output voltage is higher than output voltage limit value 5V, needs the duty ratio in present load output voltage
On the basis of subtract offset D2, pull it back preset range, keep it in normal range of operation.
In another embodiment, conversion circuit 102 includes at least：
Driver 1021 for comparing duty ratio and carrier wave, and generates driving pulse；
At least one switching tube 1022 is connect with driver 1021, for based on driving pulse carry out accordingly conducting or
Shutdown, so that the output voltage of solar power generation component 101 is maintained at a preset range, and makes output power reach current environment
Under maximum value.Specifically, the setting of the preset range can refer to the introduction of embodiment two.
Wherein, in device of solar generating, conversion circuit 102 generally uses DC-DC conversion circuit.Direct current-is straight
It can be BUCK circuits, BOOST circuits, BUCK-BOOST circuits to flow conversion circuit, and can realize level-one energy conversion
DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC conversion circuit) translation circuit or non-isolated is isolated
DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current, DC-DC conversion circuit) translation circuit.
Below by taking classical BUCK circuits as an example, the control process of the embodiment of the present invention two is illustrated：Include two
A switching tube (power switch tube Q1, power switch tube Q2), but invention is not limited thereto, for a switching tube or two with
The level-one energy conversion DC-DC circuit of upper switch pipe is also within the scope of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the one of the embodiment of the present invention three
The structural schematic diagram of the control device of solar power generation component of the kind based on BUCK circuits.
As shown in figure 4, on the basis of the embodiment of the present invention one and embodiment two, the circuit structure of conversion circuit includes：
Photovoltaic bus capacitor C, power switch tube Q1, power switch tube Q2, inductance L0, output bus capacitor C0, pwm driver；Wherein,
Photovoltaic bus capacitor C is parallel to solar power generation component both ends, and maximum power control device acquires the output of solar power generation component
Voltage VpvWith output current Ipv, and the first sub- duty ratio D is calculated1, it is sent into superimposer；Meanwhile it being acquired and being converted by compensator
The output voltage V of circuitout(bus capacitor C0The voltage at both ends), and according to the output voltage V of translation circuitoutAnd target voltage
Error, and the output voltage V of solar power generation component at this timepvCompensation power switch tube Q is calculated1Second sub- duty
Than being sent into superimposer, the first, second sub- duty ratio is superimposed to obtain duty ratio D and is sent to pwm driver, PWM drivings by superimposer
Device respectively with power switch tube Q1、Q2Connection, to generate power switch tube Q compared with carrier wave according to current duty cycle D1、Q2Drive
Moving pulse drives the power switch tube Q of translation circuit1、Q2Translation circuit output is stabilized while reaching maximal power tracing
Voltage.
Wherein, power switch tube Q1 and Q2 is complementary output, i.e., when Q1 is opened, Q2 is closed, and vice versa, such as：
If Q1 duty ratios are 30%, that Q2 is exactly 70%.It, should by generating drive pulse signal driving switch pipe Q1 compared with carrier wave
Pulse signal reverse phase driving switch pipe Q2, switching tube Q2 play synchronous rectification.
The present invention can also provide a kind of device of solar generating comprising a kind of sun of aforementioned all embodiment introductions
Can electrification component control device, further include：Solar power generation component and conversion circuit, solar power generation component and conversion circuit
It is connect respectively with collector, conversion circuit is also connect with controller.
Fig. 5 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention four.
As shown in figure 5, a kind of control method of solar power generation component, including：
S1 acquires the output voltage of the output voltage and output current and conversion circuit of solar power generation component；
The output voltage of S2, output voltage and output current and conversion circuit based on solar power generation component calculate
One duty ratio；
S3 is based on Duty ratio control conversion circuit, and the voltage stabilization and output power for so that solar power generation component is exported reach
Maximum value under to current environment.
Fig. 6 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention five.
As shown in fig. 6, the step S2 in a kind of control method of solar power generation component includes：
S21, output voltage based on solar power generation component and output current carry out maximal power tracing calculating, obtain the
One sub- duty ratio；
S22, the output voltage based on conversion circuit are calculated, and the second sub- duty ratio is obtained；
First sub- duty ratio and the second sub- duty ratio are overlapped calculating, obtain duty ratio by S23.
Wherein, step S31 and step S32 does not differentiate between priority and executes sequence, may be performed simultaneously, and can also first carry out step
S31, then step S32 is executed, it can also be and first carry out step S32, then execute step S31.
Fig. 7 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention six.
As shown in fig. 7, step S22 includes：
Whether within a predetermined range S220 judges the output voltage of conversion circuit 102；
S221a exceeds preset range if the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 exceeds preset range based on output voltage
Error amount the second sub- duty ratio is calculated；
S221b, if the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 need not be compensated without departing from preset range.
Fig. 8 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention seven.
As shown in figure 8, after step S220 and before S221a or S221b, including：
S2200, judges whether the output voltage of solar power generation component reaches given threshold；
S221a1, if the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 exceeds preset range, and the output voltage of solar power generation component
Reach given threshold, then executes the step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on error amount；
S221a2, if the output voltage of conversion circuit 102 exceeds normal range (NR), the output voltage of solar power generation component is not
Reach given threshold, does not then execute the step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on error amount.
Fig. 9 is a kind of flow chart of the control method of solar power generation component of the embodiment of the present invention eight.
As shown in figure 9, a kind of control method of solar power generation component, further includes：
S4 compares duty ratio and carrier wave, and generates driving pulse；
Specifically, due to Q1 or Q2 open shutdown be by pulsed drive, be to gate pole when opening
One high level, when shutdown, drive level 0, the formation of pulse is compared by carrier wave and modulating wave (i.e. duty cycle signals)
It generates, for example, modulating wave is triangular wave, count down to 100 from 0 and then reset and count down to 100 from 0 again, it is assumed that need to generate
80% duty ratio, then duty cycle signals are set as 80, modulating wave from 0 start counting up when, setting output high level, when
Counting reached for 80% (comparison), and level reversion, the duty ratio of such drive signal is exactly 80%.
S5 carries out corresponding on or off based on driving pulse, so that the output voltage of solar power generation component is kept
Reach the maximum value under current environment in a preset range and output power.
The invention has the advantages that：
The control device of the solar power generation component of the present invention, can not only be real-time compared with traditional DC/DC translation circuits
The peak power output of solar power generation component is tracked, while can realize that the output voltage of DC/DC translation circuits reaches and mesh
Scale value is identical to be accurately controlled, and to stabilize the output voltage, improves output voltage quality.
In addition, controller is great by the compensating control method and maximal power tracing algorithm for introducing output voltage error
Improve the transfer efficiency of the device.And since entire algorithm is only designed into plus-minus multiplication, cycle longest operation in one week is 3
Secondary multiplication, 5 addition and subtractions, by actual test, the microcontroller of 24MHz spends time about 50us, therefore this method is without very big
Calculation amount, convenient for controller realize.
The present invention why can realize solar power generation maximal power tracing real-time online, output voltage stabilization it is dual
Purpose is the reason is that, as shown in figure 3, (1) is small when the power that illumination, temperature or load variation cause solar power generation component to export
When the input power of load, MPPT algorithm real-time ensuring solar power generation component operation is at maximum power point, with maximum energy
Power, which provides, loads required power, maintains load running；When bearing power be more than the receptible range of solar power generation component,
By the voltage drop of controller control load as low as critical value hereinafter, DC/DC translation circuits are stopped.(2) work as solar power generation
When component output power is more than load input power, loading the voltage at both ends can rise, and after voltage is more than setting value, starts and mend
Device is repaid, the output voltage of Compensation Transformation circuit, with maximum power control device collective effect in switching tube, control output voltage reaches
The target voltage values of setting.By changing the error precision threshold value of compensator, may be implemented in solar power generation output power
More than the output voltage stabilization in the case of load input power, while ensureing that being less than load in solar power generation output power inputs
It can at once be operated in the maximum output power point of solar power generation component when power.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific implementation mode of the present invention is used only for exemplary illustration or explains the present invention's
Principle, but not to limit the present invention.Therefore, that is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention is any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.In addition, appended claims purport of the present invention
Covering the whole variations fallen into attached claim scope and boundary or this range and the equivalent form on boundary and is repairing
Change example.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of control device of solar power generation component, which is characterized in that including：
Collector (1) is respectively connected to solar power generation component (101) and conversion circuit (102), is used for described in acquisition respectively too
The output voltage and the output voltage of output current and conversion circuit (102) of positive energy electrification component (101) are simultaneously sent to control
Device (103)；
The controller (103), connect with the collector (1), and is connected to the conversion circuit (102), for being based on institute
The output voltage and the output voltage of output current and conversion circuit (102) for stating solar power generation component (101) are calculated
Duty ratio, and control the duty ratio and act on the conversion circuit (102), so that the solar power generation component (101) is exported
Voltage stabilization and output power reach the maximum value under current environment.
2. a kind of control device of solar power generation component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the controller
(103) include：
Maximum power control device (1031) is connect with the collector (1), for being based on the solar power generation component (101)
Output voltage and output current carry out maximal power tracing calculating, obtain the first sub- duty ratio；
Compensator (1032) is connect with the conversion circuit (102), for the output voltage based on the conversion circuit (102)
It is calculated, obtains the second sub- duty ratio, the second sub- duty ratio is for compensating the described first sub- duty ratio；
Superimposer (1033) is connect with the maximum power control device (1031) and the compensator (1032) respectively, is used for base
It is overlapped calculating in the described first sub- duty ratio and the second sub- duty ratio, obtains the duty ratio.
3. a kind of control device of solar power generation component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to be turned based on described
The output voltage for changing circuit is calculated, including：
Whether within a predetermined range to judge the output voltage of the conversion circuit (102)；
If the output voltage of the conversion circuit (102) exceeds preset range, preset range is exceeded based on the output voltage
Error amount calculate to obtain the second sub- duty ratio.
4. a kind of control device of solar power generation component according to claim 3, which is characterized in that based on the error
Value is calculated before the second sub- duty ratio, further includes：
Judge whether the output voltage of the solar power generation component reaches given threshold；
If the output voltage of the conversion circuit (102) exceeds preset range, and the output voltage of the solar power generation component
Reach given threshold, then executes the step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on the error amount.
5. a kind of control device of solar power generation component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conversion circuit
(102) include：
Driver (1021) for comparing the duty ratio and carrier wave, and generates driving pulse；
At least one switching tube (1022), connect with the driver (1021), corresponding for being carried out based on the driving pulse
On or off so that the output voltage of the solar power generation component (101) is maintained at a preset range, and make described defeated
Go out power and reaches maximum value under current environment.
6. a kind of device of solar generating, which is characterized in that including a kind of solar energy hair as described in any one in claim 1-5
The control device of electrical component further includes：Solar power generation component (101) and conversion circuit (102), the solar power generation component
(101) it is connect respectively with the collector (1) with the conversion circuit (102), the conversion circuit (102) is gone back and controller
(103) it connects.
7. a kind of control method of solar power generation component, which is characterized in that including：
Acquire the output voltage of the output voltage and output current and conversion circuit (102) of solar power generation component (101)；
The output electricity of output voltage and output current and conversion circuit (102) based on the solar power generation component (101)
Pressure calculates duty ratio；
Based on conversion circuit (102) described in the Duty ratio control, keep the voltage of solar power generation component (101) output steady
Fixed and output power reaches the maximum value under current environment.
8. a kind of control method of solar power generation component according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described to be accounted for based on described
The empty conversion circuit (102) more described than control, including：
Output voltage and output current based on the solar power generation component (101) carry out maximal power tracing calculating, obtain
First sub- duty ratio；
Output voltage based on the conversion circuit (102) is calculated, and the second sub- duty ratio, the second sub- duty ratio are obtained
For compensating the described first sub- duty ratio；
Described first sub- duty ratio and the second sub- duty ratio are overlapped calculating, obtain the duty ratio.
9. a kind of control method of solar power generation component according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the conversion circuit
(102) output voltage is calculated, including：
Whether within a predetermined range to judge the output voltage of the conversion circuit (102)；
If the output voltage of the conversion circuit (102) exceeds preset range, preset range is exceeded based on the output voltage
Error amount the second sub- duty ratio is calculated.
10. a kind of control method of solar power generation component according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include：
Judge whether the output voltage of the solar power generation component reaches given threshold；
If the output voltage of the conversion circuit (102) exceeds preset range, and the output voltage of the solar power generation component
Reach given threshold, then executes the step of the second sub- duty ratio is calculated based on the error amount.
11. a kind of control method of solar power generation component according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include：
The duty ratio and carrier wave are compared, and generate driving pulse；
Corresponding on or off is carried out based on the driving pulse, so that the output voltage of the solar power generation component is kept
Reach the maximum value under current environment in a preset range and the output power.
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| CN110262327A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of power-supply system independently switches the control circuit and control method of MPPT mode |
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