CN108631429A - A kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN108631429A CN108631429A CN201810548429.2A CN201810548429A CN108631429A CN 108631429 A CN108631429 A CN 108631429A CN 201810548429 A CN201810548429 A CN 201810548429A CN 108631429 A CN108631429 A CN 108631429A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, including control module, lithium battery module, super-capacitor module, voltage equalizing protection module, charging DC/DC modules, boosting DC/DC modules, the first D.C. contactor K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, third diode D3, the first connector X1, the second connector X2, third connector X3, the first terminals P1, the second terminals P2 and the first temperature sensor W1；The present invention is fast by using super-capacitor module charging rate, meets emergency vehicle assistant starting demand；Operating voltage range is wide, meets the assistant starting demand of different voltages grade vehicle；And there is operating mode handoff functionality, it can effectively improve the service life of the super-capacitor module.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicular fields, are related to a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, specifically a kind of vehicle assistant starting dress
It sets.
Background technology
One of major issue needed to be considered when vehicle launch is Car design, not with vehicle launch technology and method
Disconnected development and update, the especially use environment of vehicle and applying working condition harshization increasingly and complication present situation, to vehicle launch
More stringent requirements are proposed for technology and method.
Currently, vehicle launch includes mainly electrically activating and mechanically activated both of which, and electrically activating is generally by vehicle-mounted
Lead-acid accumulator provides transient high-current for vehicle motor and realizes vehicle launch, mechanically activated generally to be provided by mechanical device
Power realizes vehicle launch.When vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator health status is good, capacity and voltage is met the requirements and environment temperature is suitable
When suitable, vehicle launch is carried out using vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator and is substantially not present problem, but when environment temperature is relatively low, the profit of vehicle
Lubricating oil solidifies, and load increases between component of machine, and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator high current power supply capacity reduces, and is difficult to realize vehicle
It is normal to start.Simultaneously as vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator health status caused by the reasons such as vehicle-mounted lead-acid storage battery vulcanization is bad, with
And since vehicle-mounted capacity of lead acid battery caused by vehicle electronic device power consumption after vehicle stall and voltage reduce even overdischarge,
Make extremely difficult only with vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator progress vehicle launch.At this time, it is necessary to using vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus into
The assistant starting of driving.
Energy storage component using super-capacitor module as vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, and make super-capacitor module with it is vehicle-mounted
Lead-acid accumulator is directly in parallel to carry out vehicle assistant starting, is a kind of effective canal for solving vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator starting problem
The common method in road and current vehicle assistant starting.Vehicle assistant starting using super-capacitor module as energy storage component
Device mainly has vehicular and two kinds portable, when using both vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, before vehicle assistant starting, surpasses
Grade capacitance module and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator are directly in parallel, and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator charges to super-capacitor module, and makes super
Capacitance module voltage is consistent with vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage.In vehicle assistant starting moment, vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator and super
Capacitance module is in parallel with electric generator of vehicle simultaneously, and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator and super-capacitor module provide for electric generator of vehicle simultaneously
Instant starting currents.Since super-capacitor module discharge capability is strong, the instant starting currents provided are larger, this is not only advantageous to vehicle
Quickly start, and can effectively reduce vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator supply current, reduce the heavy-current discharge pair for starting moment
The influence of vehicle-mounted service life of lead accumulator.This auxiliary actuating apparatus and method can not only solve vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator low temperature
Characteristic is poor, health status is with using process to decline apparent, capacity and the problem of voltage is easily reduced, and can give full play to super
High power density, quick charge capability and the large current discharging capability advantage of grade capacitance module, it is big to provide moment for vehicle launch
Electric current is convenient for vehicle launch.
As the energy storage component of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus it is also to solve the startup of vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator to ask using accumulator
A kind of channel of topic, the method and mechanism of assistant starting are identical as using super-capacitor module, and details are not described herein again.
But when carrying out vehicle launch only with vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, there are following obvious shortcomings：Under low temperature environment,
The startup load of vehicle increases, and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator high current power supply capacity reduces, and vehicle launch is difficult；Vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery
Pond due to physics and chemistry caused by health status is bad and capacity reduces, reduce the startup ability of vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator；Hair
After motivation is flame-out, vehicle-mounted capacity of lead acid battery caused by vehicle electronic device power consumption and voltage declines or even power shortage makes vehicle
Start-up course is more difficult.
And when energy storage component of the use super-capacitor module as vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, although with the obvious advantage,
There are following apparent deficiencies：Vehicle carried type vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus using super-capacitor module as energy storage component, due to super
Grade capacitance module and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator are directly in parallel, condition it is suitable, only with vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator vehicle can be realized
In the case of startup, for super-capacitor module still in live line work state, this virtually increases the invalid of super-capacitor module
Access times reduce the effective access times and service life of super-capacitor module, increase use cost.Using super electricity
Portable vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus of the molar block as energy storage component, although effective access times of super-capacitor module compare vehicle
Load formula vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus wants high, but need onboard, it is inconvenient for use, be easily lost, and portable sexual clorminance is unknown
Aobvious, comprehensive effectiveness is slightly below vehicle carried type vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus；When vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage is relatively low, by vehicle-mounted lead
The vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus internal control circuit cisco unity malfunction of acid accumulator power supply.Even if vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus can
To use the super-capacitor module of therein to power, but since the charge maintenance capability of super-capacitor module is poor, electricity dimension
It holds that ability is weaker, the ability of power supply will be lost in the short time；Super-capacitor module and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator is directly in parallel,
Super-capacitor module voltage is equal to even slightly below vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage, if vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator low voltage, surpasses
Grade capacitance module voltage also can be relatively low therewith, and the assistant starting ability of super-capacitor module will be extremely restricted, if considering further that
To under low temperature environment, vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator discharge capability is limited, is not easy to realize vehicle launch；Using super-capacitor module and vehicle
Lead-acid accumulator mode directly in parallel is carried, super-capacitor module cannot be made full use of to carry out capacity to vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator and repaiied
It is multiple, the service life of vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator cannot be effectively delayed.
Energy storage component using accumulator as vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, there is only make with super-capacitor module is used
For the identical problem of the energy storage component of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, but also there are poor performance at low temperatures, and safety is low, the charging time
It is long, it cannot be satisfied emergency vehicle assistant starting problem.So energy storage component of the sample battery as vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus
With inborn disadvantage, application range is relatively narrow.
Using single super-capacitor module or accumulator, the power density advantage of super-capacitor module can not be embodied simultaneously
With the energy density advantage of accumulator.To solve drawbacks described above, a solution is now provided.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, including control module, lithium battery module, super-capacitor module, voltage equalizing protection mould
Block, charging DC/DC modules, boosting DC/DC modules, the first D.C. contactor K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, the first diode
D1, the second diode D2, third diode D3, the first connector X1, the second connector X2, third connector X3, the first wiring
Hold P1, the second terminals P2 and the first temperature sensor W1；
The control module is equipped with 1 interface of power supply, VCC1 interfaces, VCC2 interfaces, 3 interfaces of power supply, on2/off2 interfaces
It with on1/off1 interfaces, is electrically connected by conducting wire between the terminals P1 and terminals P2, the terminals P1 other ends are also
It is electrically connected with the positive terminal of super-capacitor module, the negative pole end of the super-capacitor module is electrically connected with terminals P2；
The connector X1, connector X2, connector X3 are sequentially connected electrically between terminals P1 and terminals P2, described
1 mouthful of connector X1 is connected in control module, and 2 mouthfuls of be connected to connector X2 1 mouthfuls of the connector X1 are upper to be believed on
Number transmission；2,3,4,5,6 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are sequentially connected electrically in control module；On the connector X3 1,2,
3, it is connected in turn in control module for 4 mouthfuls；
1 mouthful of the power supply of the control module is electrically connected with the first diode D1, and the first diode D1 other ends are electrically connected
P1 mouthfuls of terminals are connected on the connecting line between super-capacitor module；It is also electrically connected with the first direct current at described terminals P1 mouthfuls
Contactor K1, described one end first D.C. contactor K1 are connected electrically on the VCC1 mouths of control module, the first direct current contact
The device K1 other ends are also electrically connected with ground terminal GND；The first temperature sensor W1 is also electrically connected in the control module；The control
The second diode D2 is also electrically connected in 2 mouthfuls of the power supply of molding block, the second diode D2 other ends are connected electrically in terminals
On connecting line between P1 and super-capacitor module；It is also electrically connected with the second D.C. contactor on the control module VCC2 mouths
Ground terminal GND is also electrically connected on K2, the second D.C. contactor K2, the second D.C. contactor K2, which is also connected electrically in, to be connect
On connecting line between line end P1 and super-capacitor module；Voltage equalizing protection module is also electrically connected in the control module, it is described
Voltage equalizing protection module is electrically connected with super-capacitor module；The on2/off2 interfaces of the control module and boosting DC/DC module electricity
The ends out+ of connection, the boosting DC/DC modules are electrically connected with the second D.C. contactor K2, the in2 of the boosting DC/DC modules
The control module electrical connection of+end, the boosting DC/DC modules are also connected electrically between super-capacitor module and terminals P2；It is described
The anode of lithium battery module is connected electrically in by third diode D3 in 3 mouthfuls of the power supply of control module, and the lithium battery module is another
One end is grounded；The charging DC/DC modules are electrically connected with the on1/off1 of control module mouths, the in1 of the charging DC/DC modules
+ end is connected electrically in control module, and the charging DC/DC modules are also connected electrically in third diode D3 and lithium battery by conducting wire
Between module, charging DC/DC modules one end ground connection；The control module is also electrically connected with ground terminal GND.
Further, 2 mouthfuls of the connector X2 and the connection of control module are used for PROMOTE signal transmissions, the company
The connection for connecing 3 mouthfuls of device X2 and control module is transmitted for START signal, 4 mouthfuls of the connector X2 with the company of control module
It connects and is used for CHARGING signal transmissions, 5 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are used for FULL signal transmissions with the connection of control module, described
6 mouthfuls of connector X2 are used for ground terminal GND connections with the connection of control module.
Further, the control module is mainly used for the centralized control of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus and function is realized, institute
It includes control unit, sample circuit, control circuit, communicating circuit and accessory power supply to state control module；
Wherein, described control unit is mainly used for the centralized control of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus；The sample circuit is main
For to external control signal, vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage, super-capacitor module voltage, lithium battery module voltage, charging DC/
The sampling of DC module output voltages electric current, boost DC/DC module output voltage electric current, lithium battery module voltage and temperature；
The control circuit is mainly used for exterior vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus working station indicator, the contact of the first direct current
The control of device K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, charging DC/DC modules and DC/DC modules of boosting；The communicating circuit is mainly used for
External communication, convenient for the signal interaction between external equipment；
It is auxiliary that the accessory power supply is mainly used for unit, sample circuit, control circuit, communicating circuit and exterior vehicle in order to control
Starter working station indicator is helped to power；The accessory power supply uses vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, super-capacitor module and lithium
Three kinds of input parallel powerings of battery module, ensure that the control module works normally under the conditions of multi-state, reduce vehicle auxiliary
Dependence of the starter to single power supply.
Further, the lithium battery module is mainly used for powering for the control module, and the lithium battery module includes
BMS modules, lithium battery group and temperature control circuit；Wherein, the BMS modules are pressed for realizing the monomer of lithium battery group, short circuit is protected
Shield, overload protection overcharge protection, Cross prevention, overheating protection and external communication, and the temperature control circuit is for realizing low temperature environment
The normal work of lower lithium battery group.
Further, the super-capacitor module is mainly by multiple super capacitor monomers by series-parallel system combines
At；The super-capacitor module provides transient high-current in assistant starting moment for storing electric energy for load equipment；
The voltage equalizing protection module is used for the pressure of super-capacitor module interior super capacitance monomer, the voltage equalizing protection mould
Block actively carries out the pressure of super capacitor monomer using actively equal die pressing type in super-capacitor module charge and discharge process, realizes
Super capacitor monomer voltage is balanced, and realizes super capacitor monomer overvoltage signal reporting；
The charging DC/DC modules are mainly used for lithium battery module charging, and the charging DC/DC module working conditions are by controlling
Molding block controls, and the charging DC/DC modules carry the defencive functions such as output overvoltage, short circuit；
The boosting DC/DC modules are mainly used for the super-capacitor module charging, to promote the super-capacitor module
Voltage, working condition are controlled by the control module, and the defencive functions such as included output overvoltage, short circuit.
Further, the first D.C. contactor K1 is for vehicle-mounted lead acid battery positive electrode and the super-capacitor module
Break-make control between anode；The second D.C. contactor K2 surpasses for the boosting DC/DC modules output cathode with described
Break-make control between grade capacitance module anode；It is the control module that the first diode D1, which is connected on vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator,
In supplying channels, for preventing the super-capacitor module and the lithium battery module voltage from instead filling to vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator,
The first diode D1 is desirably integrated into the control module；
The second diode D2 is connected on super-capacitor module in order to control in module for power supply channel, for preventing vehicle-mounted plumbic acid
Accumulator and lithium battery module voltage are instead filled to super-capacitor module, and the second diode D2 is desirably integrated into the control mould
In block；
It is in the control module supplying channels, for preventing vehicle that the third diode D3, which is connected on the lithium battery module,
It carries lead-acid accumulator and the super-capacitor module voltage is instead filled to the lithium battery module, the third diode D3 can collect
At in the control module.
Further, the first connector X1 is used for as auxiliary start-up mode switching signal and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus
Between interface channel is provided；
The second connector X2 is used to open for external control signal, external status indicator light enable signal and vehicle auxiliary
Interface channel is provided between dynamic device；
The third connector X3 provides connection for the communication between external equipment and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus and leads to
The information exchange between external equipment and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus is realized in road.
Further, the first terminals P1 is used to be connected to vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator just by positive interconnection cable
Pole；
The second terminals P2 is used to be connected to vehicle-mounted acid accumulator negative pole lead by cathode interconnection cable；
The first temperature sensor W1 is thermistor temperature sensor.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
(1) it uses super-capacitor module charging rate fast, meets emergency vehicle assistant starting demand；
(2) operating voltage range is wide, meets the assistant starting demand of different voltages grade vehicle；
(3) there is operating mode handoff functionality, can effectively improve the service life of the super-capacitor module；
(4) power density is high, capacity is big, charging and discharging capabilities are strong, can meet high current assistant starting demand；
(5) safe, good reliability, service life are long, can meet long-term, safe and reliable requirement；
(6) degree of protection is high, EMC performances are good, environmental suitability is strong, in high temperature, low temperature, high humidity, High aititude, salt fog, strong
It can be worked normally under the rigor conditions such as vibratory impulse, strong jamming.
Description of the drawings
In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the system of the present invention connects circuit diagram.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, including control module, lithium battery module, super-capacitor module,
Voltage equalizing protection module, charging DC/DC modules, boosting DC/DC modules, the first D.C. contactor K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, the
One diode D1, the second diode D2, third diode D3, the first connector X1, the second connector X2, third connector X3,
First terminals P1, the second terminals P2 and the first temperature sensor W1；
The control module is equipped with 1 interface of power supply, VCC1 interfaces, VCC2 interfaces, 3 interfaces of power supply, on2/off2 interfaces
It with on1/off1 interfaces, is electrically connected by conducting wire between the terminals P1 and terminals P2, the terminals P1 other ends are also
It is electrically connected with the positive terminal of super-capacitor module, the negative pole end of the super-capacitor module is electrically connected with terminals P2；
The connector X1, connector X2, connector X3 are sequentially connected electrically between terminals P1 and terminals P2, described
1 mouthful of connector X1 is connected in control module, and 2 mouthfuls of be connected to connector X2 1 mouthfuls of the connector X1 are upper to be believed on
Number transmission；2,3,4,5,6 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are sequentially connected electrically in control module；On the connector X3 1,2,
3, it is connected in turn in control module for 4 mouthfuls；
1 mouthful of the power supply of the control module is electrically connected with the first diode D1, and the first diode D1 other ends are electrically connected
P1 mouthfuls of terminals are connected on the connecting line between super-capacitor module；It is also electrically connected with the first direct current at described terminals P1 mouthfuls
Contactor K1, described one end first D.C. contactor K1 are connected electrically on the VCC1 mouths of control module, the first direct current contact
The device K1 other ends are also electrically connected with ground terminal GND；The first temperature sensor W1 is also electrically connected in the control module；The control
The second diode D2 is also electrically connected in 2 mouthfuls of the power supply of molding block, the second diode D2 other ends are connected electrically in terminals
On connecting line between P1 and super-capacitor module；It is also electrically connected with the second D.C. contactor on the control module VCC2 mouths
Ground terminal GND is also electrically connected on K2, the second D.C. contactor K2, the second D.C. contactor K2, which is also connected electrically in, to be connect
On connecting line between line end P1 and super-capacitor module；Voltage equalizing protection module is also electrically connected in the control module, it is described
Voltage equalizing protection module is electrically connected with super-capacitor module；The on2/off2 interfaces of the control module and boosting DC/DC module electricity
The ends out+ of connection, the boosting DC/DC modules are electrically connected with the second D.C. contactor K2, the in2 of the boosting DC/DC modules
The control module electrical connection of+end, the boosting DC/DC modules are also connected electrically between super-capacitor module and terminals P2；It is described
The anode of lithium battery module is connected electrically in by third diode D3 in 3 mouthfuls of the power supply of control module, and the lithium battery module is another
One end is grounded；The charging DC/DC modules are electrically connected with the on1/off1 of control module mouths, the in1 of the charging DC/DC modules
+ end is connected electrically in control module, and the charging DC/DC modules are also connected electrically in third diode D3 and lithium battery by conducting wire
Between module, charging DC/DC modules one end ground connection；The control module is also electrically connected with ground terminal GND.
The control module is mainly used for the centralized control of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus and function is realized, the control module
Including control unit, sample circuit, control circuit, communicating circuit and accessory power supply；
Wherein, described control unit is mainly used for the centralized control of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus；The sample circuit is main
For to external control signal, vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage, super-capacitor module voltage, lithium battery module voltage, charging DC/
The sampling of DC module output voltages electric current, boost DC/DC module output voltage electric current, lithium battery module voltage and temperature；
The control circuit is mainly used for exterior vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus working station indicator, the contact of the first direct current
The control of device K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, charging DC/DC modules and DC/DC modules of boosting；The communicating circuit is mainly used for
External communication, convenient for the signal interaction between external equipment；
It is auxiliary that the accessory power supply is mainly used for unit, sample circuit, control circuit, communicating circuit and exterior vehicle in order to control
Starter working station indicator is helped to power；The accessory power supply uses vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, super-capacitor module and lithium
Three kinds of input parallel powerings of battery module, ensure that the control module works normally under the conditions of multi-state, reduce vehicle auxiliary
Dependence of the starter to single power supply.
The lithium battery module is mainly used for powering for the control module, and the lithium battery module includes BMS modules, lithium
Battery pack and temperature control circuit；Wherein, the BMS modules are pressed for realizing the monomer of lithium battery group, short-circuit protection, overload are protected
It protects, overcharge protection, Cross prevention, overheating protection and external communication, the temperature control circuit is for realizing lithium battery under low temperature environment
The normal work of group.
The super-capacitor module is mainly composed of multiple super capacitor monomers by series-parallel system；It is described super
Capacitance module provides transient high-current in assistant starting moment for storing electric energy for load equipment.
The voltage equalizing protection module is used for the pressure of super-capacitor module interior super capacitance monomer, the voltage equalizing protection mould
Block actively carries out the pressure of super capacitor monomer using actively equal die pressing type in super-capacitor module charge and discharge process, realizes
Super capacitor monomer voltage is balanced, and realizes super capacitor monomer overvoltage signal reporting.
The charging DC/DC modules are mainly used for lithium battery module charging, and the charging DC/DC module working conditions are by controlling
Molding block controls, and the charging DC/DC modules carry the defencive functions such as output overvoltage, short circuit.
The boosting DC/DC modules are mainly used for the super-capacitor module charging, to promote the super-capacitor module
Voltage, working condition are controlled by the control module, and the defencive functions such as included output overvoltage, short circuit.
The first D.C. contactor K1 is used between vehicle-mounted lead acid battery positive electrode and the super-capacitor module anode
Break-make control.
The second D.C. contactor K2 is being used for the boosting DC/DC modules output cathode and the super-capacitor module just
Break-make control between pole.
It is in the control module supplying channels, for preventing that the first diode D1, which is connected on vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator,
Super-capacitor module and the lithium battery module voltage is stated instead to fill to vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator.The first diode D1 can collect
At in the control module.
It is in the control module supplying channels, for preventing that the second diode D2, which is connected on the super-capacitor module,
Vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator and the lithium battery module voltage are instead filled to the super-capacitor module.The second diode D2 can be with
It is integrated into the control module.
It is in the control module supplying channels, for preventing vehicle that the third diode D3, which is connected on the lithium battery module,
Lead-acid accumulator and the super-capacitor module voltage is carried instead to fill to the lithium battery module.The third diode D3 can collect
At in the control module.
The first connector X1 is used between auxiliary start-up mode switching signal and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus provide
Interface channel.When vehicle needs assistant starting, vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus is switched to by assistant starting mode switch auxiliary
Start-up mode is helped, when vehicle does not need assistant starting, is switched vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus by assistant starting mode switch
Extend vehicle assistant starting to non-auxiliary start-up mode to effectively reduce the inessential access times of the super-capacitor module
The service life of device.
The second connector X2 is used to open for external control signal, external status indicator light enable signal and vehicle auxiliary
Interface channel is provided between dynamic device.ON signals, PROMOTE signals and START signal are external given vehicle assistant starting dress
The control signal set, is an externally input signal；CHARGING signals and FULL signals are that vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus is given external
Working state signal, be internal output signal.Wherein, ON signals for vehicle assistant starting under assistant starting pattern, filling
It is enabled to set the offer control module power-on and power-off；It is vehicle when PROMOTE signals are used under assistant starting pattern, ON signals are high
Auxiliary actuating apparatus provides boost signal, is that vehicle is auxiliary when START signal is used under assistant starting pattern, ON signals are high
Starter is helped to provide enabling signal；CHARGING is enabled letter of the vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus to external pressure-increasning state indicator light
Number, FULL is enable signal of the vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus to external full state indicator light.Under non-auxiliary start-up mode, outside
Input signal 0N, PROMOTE and START are invalid in portion.
The third connector X3 provides connection for the communication between external equipment and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus and leads to
The information exchange between external equipment and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus is realized in road.Communication modes at the third connector X3
It can realize that the remote control of vehicle auxiliary device also can be used as reserved certainly by the interface according to actual use occasion setting
Interface does not influence vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus normal work when not in use.
The first terminals P1 is used to be connected to vehicle-mounted lead acid battery positive electrode by positive interconnection cable.
The second terminals P2 is used to be connected to vehicle-mounted acid accumulator negative pole lead by cathode interconnection cable.
The first temperature sensor W1 is thermistor temperature sensor.When the temperature is changed, first temperature
The resistance value of sensor W1 is corresponding therewith to be changed, and the temperature sampling circuit in the control module is according to first temperature sensor
The resistance value of W1 can be obtained real time temperature.
The super-capacitor module design method is as follows：
By taking 24V vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus as an example, illustrate the design method of the super-capacitor module, other voltage class
Vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus the super-capacitor module design method it is similar.
The super-capacitor module design depends primarily on super capacitor amount of monomer, capacity and combination three elements；
The nominal operating voltage Us of super capacitor monomer is generally 2.7V, and surge voltage Uw is generally 2.85V, described after setting boosting
Super-capacitor module voltage Up is 32V (the capacity reparation for being conducive to vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator), and the quantity of super capacitor monomer is pressed
Formula (1) calculates.
N=Up/Us=32/2.7=11.85 (1)
N takes 12, and in the case where ignoring the internal resistance of super capacitor monomer and circuit series equivalent resistance, super capacitor monomer holds
The calculating of amount can refer to following methods progress, and cy-pres doctrine is holding energy W1=reduction energy W2, wherein：
W1=(Umax+Umin) It/2 (2)
W2=CUmax2/2-CUmin2/2=C (Umax2-Umin2)/2 (3)
Wherein, C is the nominal capacity of super capacitor monomer, and Umax is super capacitor monomer normal working voltage, and Umin is
Super capacitor monomer minimum, t are the pulse duration, and I is load current；Because of W1=W2, therefore
(Umax+Umin) (Umax2-Umin2)/2 (4) It/2=C
：C=It/ (Umax-Umin) (5)
Take super capacitor monomer normal working voltage Umax=(32/12) V, super capacitor monomer minimum Umin
=(20/12) V, pulse duration t=1s, load current I=550A；C=550F is obtained according to formula (5)；Consider grade capacitance list
The influence of resistance and circuit series equivalent resistance, C take 650F in vivo；
Therefore the super-capacitor module uses the super capacitor of 12 650F is monomer series-connected to form.
The control module design method is as follows：
The control module includes mainly three accessory power supply, sample circuit and control circuit parts.
Under ON signal functions, vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, the super-capacitor module and the lithium battery module lead to respectively
It crosses the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3 and accesses the control module, pass through auxiliary
The power circuit direct current that generation+5V and+24V voltage stabilizings export respectively, being provided for vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus function parts must
The working power wanted；Wherein ,+5V is mainly used for the control chip power supply of the control module, and+24V is mainly used for parallel connection
Output, full state output, the second D.C. contactor K2 line packets power supply.
Sample circuit includes mainly AD sample circuits and I/O signal sample circuit, wherein AD sample circuits include mainly vehicle
Carry lead-acid accumulator voltage sample, the super-capacitor module voltage sample, the boosting DC/DC module output voltages sample and
Temperature sampling etc., AD sample circuits have oneself power consumption small, and sampling precision is high, and anti-common mode interference ability is strong, and sampling distortion is small.IO
Signal sampling includes mainly ON signal samplings, PROMOTE signal samplings, START signal sampling and the super-capacitor module list
Body overvoltage signal sampling, I/O signal sampling are all made of the electrical isolation between optocoupler realization external signal and the control module.
Control circuit be mainly used for the charging DC/DC modules start-up and shut-down control, the boosting DC/DC modules start-up and shut-down control,
The first D.C. contactor K1 controls, the second D.C. contactor K2 controls, external pressure-increasning state indicator light control, outside
Full state indicator light control etc. is realized for vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus function and logic control provides guarantee.Wherein, described
The control circuit of first D.C. contactor K1 and the second D.C. contactor K2 are energy saving using novel D.C. contactor line packet
Control technology designs, and can effectively reduce D.C. contactor power supply pressure, reduces D.C. contactor line packet and maintains power consumption, carries
High vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus efficiency.
The boosting DC/DC modularities are as follows：
The boosting DC/DC modules are to promote the core component of the super-capacitor module voltage, start and stop and to described
The break-make of super-capacitor module charging current is controlled by the control module, so as to effectively reduce the boosting DC/DC
No-load loss of the module in non-pressure-increasning state.The boosting DC/DC modules use BUCK-BOOST topological structures, use
LTC3789 is as control chip；LTC3789 sampling and outputting voltages, output voltage and reference voltage are compared, and carry out closed loop tune
Section, control PWM outputs, achievees the purpose that export voltage stabilizing.Output voltage can be configured by adjusting reference voltage level.It is described
DC/DC modules of boosting are with power density is big, energy conversion efficiency is high, wide input voltage range, output voltage electric current continuously may be used
It adjusts, the advantages that voltage and current degree of regulation is high, it can be compatible with the assistant starting demand of multiple voltage grade vehicle.
According to the super-capacitor module functional requirement, the output voltage and maximum output electricity of the boosting DC/DC modules
Stream setting can be adjusted according to actual demand.Meanwhile in order to keep the boosting DC/DC modules working properly, the boosting DC/DC moulds
Block have also been devised dedicated input and output overvoltage crowbar, input undervoltage block protection circuit, overcurrent turn-off function protection circuit and
Overheat cut-off protection circuit.
The charging DC/DC modularities are similar with the boosting DC/DC modularities.
Vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus is mainly made of two structural members of babinet and bottom plate, and babinet and bottom plate are by whole aluminium block milling
At main heating device is radiated by internal heat dissipating convex, and heat dissipation convex is an integral structure with babinet；Vehicle assistant starting
The arrangement center of gravity of device inner function module, circuit board and component is uniform, and power consumption distribution is reasonable, and mounting hole uses steel-wire screw-socket
Reinforce, parts fixed form is reliable, meets mechanical properties design requirement and the cooling requirements such as vibration, impact.
The structural member of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus carries out the special process processing such as electric conductive oxidation, zinc-plated, to improve structural member
Antiseptic property；Box outer surface selection can meet the priming paint used under mal-condition and finishing coat is handled；Signal wire uses
Dedicated signal connector is attached, and degree of protection reaches IP67.
Babinet and bottom plate further increase the preserving and sealing of shell by being sealed with standard Type B aluminium silver co-extrusion conductive rubber
Property, it is influenced caused by complete machine to effectively eliminate immersion, salt fog, mould etc..
Vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus uses self-cold radiating structure design, effective dust and can improve Electro Magnetic Compatibility
Energy.The local milling convex-concave slot of babinet and contacts baseplate, and be pocessed with shielding material at gap, to improve the conduction of shell
Property and leakproofness.Meanwhile unnecessary hole is reduced, do not increase additional gap, and using the structure design of space isolation, subtract
Interfering with each other between weak device improves Electro Magnetic Compatibility.
Vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus operation principle
When the vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator of exclusive use can start vehicle, just carried out without using vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus
Assistant starting, at this point, vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus should be at non-auxiliary start-up mode, assistant starting mode switch should be at disconnecting
State, i.e., 1 foot and 2 feet of the described first connector X1 are disconnected；It can not start vehicle when vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator is used alone
When, it is necessary to assistant starting is carried out using vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, at this point, vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus should be at assistant starting
Pattern, assistant starting mode switch should be at closed state, i.e., 1 foot of the described first connector X1 and 2 feet are connected.
Under assistant starting pattern, the operation principle of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus is as follows：
When assistant starting mode switch in the closure state, i.e., 1 foot of the described first connector X1 and 2 feet are connected, vehicle
Auxiliary actuating apparatus enters assistant starting pattern.
When ON signals are high level, the control module power supply is enabled, vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, the super capacitor mould
Block, the lithium battery module are respectively by the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3
The control module power supply, the control module initialize cpu clock, configure input and output pin, configure AD conversion register,
Detect the operations such as vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage, the lithium battery module voltage, the super-capacitor module voltage and temperature letter
Breath.When detected value is not in setting range, equipment is forbidden to work.When sampled value is without exception, first D.C. contactor
K1 is attracted, and vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator is in parallel with the super-capacitor module, and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus enters original state.
After ON signals respond, in the case where ON signals are high level state, the control module waits for PROMOTE signals,
When PROMOTE signals are high level and the control module detection information without exception, the second D.C. contactor K2 is attracted,
The boosting DC/DC modules are opened, CHARGING signals are enabled, and the first D.C. contactor K1 is disconnected, vehicle assistant starting
Device enters pressure-increasning state.In pressure-increasning state, the control module detects the super-capacitor module voltage and starts to count in real time
When, when the super-capacitor module voltage reaches setting value or the charging time reaches setting value T1, into full of the maintenance stage.
Within full of the maintenance stage, under the conditions of ON signals and PROMOTE signals are high level, if START signal is height
Level, vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus enter starting state, and the first D.C. contactor K1 is attracted, the super electricity after boosting
Molar block is preferably that vehicle provides starting current.It is high level item in ON signals and PROMOTE signals within full of the maintenance stage
Under part, if after START signal is low level, and the time full of the maintenance stage reaches setting value T2, terminate full of the maintenance stage,
The first D.C. contactor K1 is attracted.
If boost phase, START signal is high level, then it is assumed that is to start failure, the first D.C. contactor K1 inhales
It closes, vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus reenters original state.Again high PROMOTE signals are set, pressure-increasning state can be reentered.
When ON signals are high level, the control module detects vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage and the lithium battery in real time
Module voltage, and judge the lithium battery module state, when the lithium battery module needs charging and meets charge condition, institute
It states control module and controls the charging DC/DC modules as lithium battery module charging.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
(1) it uses super-capacitor module charging rate fast, meets emergency vehicle assistant starting demand；
(2) operating voltage range is wide, meets the assistant starting demand of different voltages grade vehicle；
(3) there is operating mode handoff functionality, can effectively improve the service life of the super-capacitor module；
(4) power density is high, capacity is big, charging and discharging capabilities are strong, can meet high current assistant starting demand；
(5) safe, good reliability, service life are long, can meet long-term, safe and reliable requirement；
(6) degree of protection is high, EMC performances are good, environmental suitability is strong, in high temperature, low temperature, high humidity, High aititude, salt fog, strong
It can be worked normally under the rigor conditions such as vibratory impulse, strong jamming.
Above content is only to structure of the invention example and explanation, affiliated those skilled in the art couple
Described specific embodiment does various modifications or additions or substitutes by a similar method, without departing from invention
Structure or beyond the scope defined by this claim, is within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus, which is characterized in that including control module, lithium battery module, super-capacitor module,
Press protection module, charging DC/DC modules, boosting DC/DC modules, the first D.C. contactor K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, first
Diode D1, the second diode D2, third diode D3, the first connector X1, the second connector X2, third connector X3,
One terminals P1, the second terminals P2 and the first temperature sensor W1；
The control module be equipped with power supply 1 interface, VCC1 interfaces, VCC2 interfaces, power supply 3 interfaces, on2/off2 interfaces and
On1/off1 interfaces are electrically connected between the terminals P1 and terminals P2 by conducting wire, the terminals P1 other ends also with
The positive terminal of super-capacitor module is electrically connected, and the negative pole end of the super-capacitor module is electrically connected with terminals P2；
The connector X1, connector X2, connector X3 are sequentially connected electrically between terminals P1 and terminals P2, the connection
1 mouthful of device X1 is connected in control module, and 2 mouthfuls of be connected to connector X2 1 mouthfuls of the connector X1 are above on signals
It transmits；2,3,4,5,6 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are sequentially connected electrically in control module；1,2,3,4 on the connector X3
Mouth is connected in turn in control module；
1 mouthful of the power supply of the control module is electrically connected with the first diode D1, and the first diode D1 other ends are connected electrically in
P1 mouthfuls of terminals are on the connecting line between super-capacitor module；The contact of the first direct current is also electrically connected at described terminals P1 mouthfuls
Device K1, described one end first D.C. contactor K1 are connected electrically on the VCC1 mouths of control module, the first D.C. contactor K1
The other end is also electrically connected with ground terminal GND；The first temperature sensor W1 is also electrically connected in the control module；The control mould
Also be electrically connected with the second diode D2 in 2 mouthfuls of the power supply of block, the second diode D2 other ends be connected electrically in terminals P1 and
On connecting line between super-capacitor module；The second D.C. contactor K2, institute are also electrically connected on the control module VCC2 mouths
It states and is also electrically connected with ground terminal GND, the second D.C. contactor K2 on the second D.C. contactor K2 and is also connected electrically in terminals
On connecting line between P1 and super-capacitor module；Voltage equalizing protection module is also electrically connected in the control module, it is described to press
Protection module is electrically connected with super-capacitor module；The on2/off2 interfaces of the control module are electrically connected with boosting DC/DC modules,
The ends out+ of the boosting DC/DC modules are electrically connected with the second D.C. contactor K2, the ends the in2+ control of the boosting DC/DC modules
Molding block is electrically connected, and the boosting DC/DC modules are also connected electrically between super-capacitor module and terminals P2；The lithium battery
The anode of module is connected electrically in by third diode D3 in 3 mouthfuls of the power supply of control module, another termination of lithium battery module
Ground；The charging DC/DC modules are electrically connected with the on1/off1 of control module mouths, the ends the in1+ electricity of the charging DC/DC modules
It is connected in control module, the charging DC/DC modules are also connected electrically in third diode D3 and lithium battery module by conducting wire
Between, charging DC/DC modules one end ground connection；The control module is also electrically connected with ground terminal GND.
2. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 2 mouthfuls of the connector X2 with
The connection of control module is used for PROMOTE signal transmissions, and 3 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are used for START with the connection of control module
Signal transmission, 4 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are used for CHARGING signal transmissions with the connection of control module, the connector X2's
The connection of 5 mouthfuls and control module is used for FULL signal transmissions, and 6 mouthfuls of the connector X2 are used to be grounded with the connection of control module
Hold GND connections.
3. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control module is mainly used for
The centralized control and function of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus realize that the control module includes control unit, sample circuit, control electricity
Road, communicating circuit and accessory power supply；
Wherein, described control unit is mainly used for the centralized control of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus；The sample circuit is mainly used for
To external control signal, vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery cell voltage, super-capacitor module voltage, lithium battery module voltage, charging DC/DC moulds
The sampling of block output voltage electric current, boost DC/DC module output voltage electric current, lithium battery module voltage and temperature；
The control circuit is mainly used for exterior vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus working station indicator, the first D.C. contactor
The control of K1, the second D.C. contactor K2, charging DC/DC modules and DC/DC modules of boosting；The communicating circuit is mainly used for outer
Portion communicates, convenient for the signal interaction between external equipment；
The accessory power supply is mainly used for unit, sample circuit, control circuit, communicating circuit and exterior vehicle auxiliary in order to control and opens
Dynamic working state of device indicator light power supply；The accessory power supply uses vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, super-capacitor module and lithium battery
Three kinds of input parallel powerings of module, ensure that the control module works normally under the conditions of multi-state, reduce vehicle assistant starting
Dependence of the device to single power supply.
4. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lithium battery module is mainly used
It powers in for the control module, the lithium battery module includes BMS modules, lithium battery group and temperature control circuit；Wherein, described
BMS modules press for realizing the monomer of lithium battery group, short-circuit protection, overload protection, overcharge protection, Cross prevention, overheat guarantor
Shield and external communication, the temperature control circuit for realizing lithium battery group under low temperature environment normal work.
5. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the super-capacitor module
Mainly it is composed of by series-parallel system multiple super capacitor monomers；The super-capacitor module is used to store electric energy,
Assistant starting moment provides transient high-current for load equipment；
The voltage equalizing protection module is used for the pressure of super-capacitor module interior super capacitance monomer, and the voltage equalizing protection module is adopted
With actively equal die pressing type, the pressure of super capacitor monomer is actively carried out in super-capacitor module charge and discharge process, is realized super
Capacitance monomer voltage is balanced, and realizes super capacitor monomer overvoltage signal reporting；
The charging DC/DC modules are mainly used for lithium battery module charging, and the charging DC/DC modules working condition is by control mould
Block controls, and the charging DC/DC modules carry the defencive functions such as output overvoltage, short circuit；
The boosting DC/DC modules are mainly used for the super-capacitor module charging, to promote the super-capacitor module voltage,
Its working condition is controlled by the control module, and the defencive functions such as included output overvoltage, short circuit.
6. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first D.C. contactor K1
For the break-make control between vehicle-mounted lead acid battery positive electrode and the super-capacitor module anode；Second D.C. contactor
K2 is controlled for the break-make between the boosting DC/DC modules output cathode and the super-capacitor module anode；Described first
Diode D1 be connected on vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator be the control module supplying channels in, for prevent the super-capacitor module and
The lithium battery module voltage is instead filled to vehicle-mounted lead-acid accumulator, and the first diode D1 is desirably integrated into the control module
In；
The second diode D2 is connected on super-capacitor module in order to control in module for power supply channel, for preventing vehicle-mounted lead acid storage battery
Pond and lithium battery module voltage are instead filled to super-capacitor module, and the second diode D2 is desirably integrated into the control module
In；
It is in the control module supplying channels, for preventing vehicle-mounted lead that the third diode D3, which is connected on the lithium battery module,
Acid accumulator and the super-capacitor module voltage are instead filled to the lithium battery module, and the third diode D3 is desirably integrated into
In the control module.
7. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first connector X1 is used for
Interface channel is provided between auxiliary start-up mode switching signal and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus；
The second connector X2 is used for as external control signal, external status indicator light enable signal and vehicle assistant starting dress
Interface channel is provided between setting；
Communications of the third connector X3 between external equipment and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus provides interface channel, real
Existing information exchange between external equipment and vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus.
8. a kind of vehicle auxiliary actuating apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first terminals P1 is used for
It is connected to vehicle-mounted lead acid battery positive electrode by positive interconnection cable；
The second terminals P2 is used to be connected to vehicle-mounted acid accumulator negative pole lead by cathode interconnection cable；
The first temperature sensor W1 is thermistor temperature sensor.
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| CN114370364A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-19 | 航天科工微电子系统研究院有限公司 | Diesel engine starting device and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181009 |
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