CN108617559B - Device and method for establishing pyriform cyclocarya families on large scale - Google Patents
Device and method for establishing pyriform cyclocarya families on large scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN108617559B CN108617559B CN201810323323.2A CN201810323323A CN108617559B CN 108617559 B CN108617559 B CN 108617559B CN 201810323323 A CN201810323323 A CN 201810323323A CN 108617559 B CN108617559 B CN 108617559B
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- 241000233778 Cyclocarya Species 0.000 title claims description 8
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 102000043134 snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 108091054456 snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 241000826789 Lutraria Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001482311 Trionychidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258623 Whitmania pigra Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
- A01K61/53—Baskets therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for establishing a pear-shaped ring-edge snail family system on a large scale. M snail cages are arranged in each group of devices as required, N groups of devices are arranged in total, M multiplied by N families are constructed, and offspring of each female snail are bred in the same snail cage. According to the method, a plurality of pear-shaped ring edge snail families can be constructed simultaneously as required, the device occupies less land, has high space utilization rate, high survival rate of young snails and good growth, meets the requirement of large-scale establishment of the pear-shaped ring edge snail families, simultaneously feeds the two sex individuals respectively, controls the mating frequency of the male individuals, reduces the consumption of excellent male individuals, protects precious germplasm resources, and improves the breeding efficiency and the offspring quality of the pear-shaped ring edge snails.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of genetic breeding of aquatic animals, in particular to a device and a method for establishing a pyriform cyclocarya family in a large scale.
Background
The pear-shaped orbicularis concha (Bellamya purifaca) is commonly called snails, pisces, and conches, and is the largest individual species of the orbicularis concha. The bait is widely distributed in China, has high yield and multiple purposes, is one of important baits for aquatic economic animals such as black carps, whitmania pigra, Chinese mitten crabs, soft-shelled turtles and the like and part of waterfowls, is also one of the very popular aquatic products of the majority of residents, and therefore, the bait is increasingly attracted by attention. As an important part in the ecosystem of a fresh water body, the pear-shaped ring arris snail is a consumer and a decomposer, takes filter-feeding plankton as food and licks organic debris in the environment, and plays an important role in controlling the deposition of organic matters in the water body environment, maintaining the function of the wetland and the like.
The reproductive biology of the piriformis is significantly different from that of other shellfish. The pear-shaped Lutraria undulata belongs to oviparous, in the breeding season, female and male individuals mate to complete the fertilization process, and offspring are gradually discharged out of the body after the female snail in vivo completes the development.
The family breeding of aquatic animals is a mainstream breeding method, and the method requires that factors (such as water temperature, illumination, nutrition and the like) except genetic factors must be strictly controlled in the data acquisition process. In the family breeding of fishes and other shellfishes, a one-male-to-many-female method can be adopted to construct a half-sib family, and in the family breeding of pear-shaped ring-shaped conch, due to the limitation of reproductive characteristics, a one-male-to-one method can only be adopted to construct a full-sib family. Therefore, in the propagation process of the piriformis, the environmental consistency must be ensured as much as possible, and the influence of non-genetic factors on data is reduced as much as possible.
In a natural environment, many descendants of the piriformis are bred by random mating, and the proportion of male individuals in an adult population is reduced sharply due to over-frequent mating of the male individuals. After the male parent with excellent characters is screened by data analysis, the individual is quite possibly dead, and excellent germplasm resources are lost. Therefore, in order to control the mating frequency of male individuals and preserve excellent germplasm resources, the development of a device and a method for efficiently establishing the piriformis conch family on a large scale is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems and overcome the difficulty in constructing the pyriform cyclocarya families in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for establishing the pyriform cyclocarya families on a large scale, so as to solve the defects and shortcomings of low propagation efficiency and excellent germplasm resource loss in the process of establishing the pyriform cyclocarya families in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a device of building pyriform ring arris spiral shell family on a large scale, includes screw rod, holding surface, spiral shell cage, and the screw rod supports whole device as the stand, and the holding surface cup joints with the screw rod, distributes on the screw rod with clamping screw, and both ends are fixed about the screw rod, and the upper and lower two parts of spiral shell cage are withheld each other detachably and are connected, and the spiral shell cage superposes each other and places between adjacent holding surface, and the upper end and the lower extreme of every spiral shell cage combination offset with adjacent holding surface respectively.
Furthermore, the supporting surface is fixedly connected with the screw rod.
Furthermore, the supporting surface is movably connected with the screw rod, and the supporting surface moves up and down along the axial direction of the screw rod.
Furthermore, the screw rod is made of one of hard plastics and metals.
Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the screw rod are fixed through nuts and buckling caps.
Furthermore, the top supporting surface and the bottom supporting surface are hard partition plates, and the middle supporting surface is one of a hard partition plate and a soft gauze surface.
Further, the shape of the supporting surface is one of square, rectangle, rhombus, polygon, circle and ellipse.
Furthermore, the upper part and the lower part of the spiral cage have the same structure and are both bowl-shaped structures, and the symmetrical positions of the open ends extend outwards to form two extending parts.
Furthermore, the extending parts of the corresponding positions of the upper and lower part structures of the spiral cage are connected through one of a binding belt, a screw and a buckle.
Furthermore, the spiral cage is made of elastic material, and the elastic material is one of soft plastics and bamboo splints.
Furthermore, the spiral cage is made of a non-elastic material, and the non-elastic material is one of metal and soft plastic.
The method for establishing the pear-shaped ring soft plastic pyramid family in a large scale comprises the following steps:
(1) before mating, female snails and male snails which are used as parents are respectively cultured in different snail cages;
(2) after mating, breeding offspring of each female snail in the same snail cage, and configuring M snail cages for each group of devices and N groups of devices according to the number of offspring to construct M multiplied by N families;
(3) opening the spiral cage once every several days, feeding the sliced spirulina tablets, observing the growth condition and recording the death condition;
(4) after a young snail breeding period, adhering the shellfish mark on the snail shell for individual marking.
Further, in the step (1), after the female snail and the male snail are mated, the female snail and the male snail which produce the young snail are still cultured in the snail cage to be used as the backup parent of the next year.
Further, in the step (4), the marked offspring are polycultured in the same pond and move freely.
Further, in the step (4), the marked offspring are randomly placed back into the snail cage.
Among this technical scheme, the screw rod is fixed through the holding surface, according to the specification and the material of spiral shell cage, can select holding surface and screw rod connected mode, the quantity and the height of holding surface, whole device simple structure, use in a flexible way.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of pear-shaped ring edge snail families can be constructed simultaneously as required, the device occupies less land, has high space utilization rate, can ensure that the survival rate of young snails cultured in a snail cage reaches more than 98 percent, has good growth, meets the requirement of establishing the pear-shaped ring edge snail families on a large scale, simultaneously respectively raises amphiprotic individuals, controls the mating frequency of the male individuals, reduces the consumption of the excellent male individuals, protects precious germplasm resources, and improves the propagation efficiency and the offspring quality of the pear-shaped ring edge snails.
In the technical scheme, the marked offspring can be randomly placed back into the snail cage, the offspring genetic backgrounds in each family are consistent, but the offspring genetic backgrounds are different when the offspring are in the water layer, so that the offspring genetic background detection method is used for accurately detecting the horizontal and vertical distribution conditions of heavy metal ions in the aquaculture water and can be used as a powerful tool for environment detection.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an apparatus for large-scale erection of a piriformis concha family according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of a device for large-scale establishment of a pear-shaped cycloidal snail family in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spiral cage of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of the spiral cage in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of the spiral cage in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the drawings:
1. screw 2, support surface 2-1, top support surface 2-2, middle support surface
2-3, bottom end support surface 3, spiral cage 31 and extension part
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 3, fig. 4, a device for establishing a pear-shaped ring arris snail family system on a large scale, including screw rod 1, holding surface 2, spiral shell cage 3, screw rod 1 supports whole device as the stand, holding surface 2 cup joints with screw rod 1, distribute on screw rod 1 with fixed screw rod 1, both ends are fixed about screw rod 1, the upper and lower two parts of spiral shell cage 3 are detained each other and are pressed detachably and connect, spiral shell cage 3 superposes each other and places between adjacent holding surface 2, the upper end and the lower extreme of every spiral shell cage 3 combination offset with adjacent holding surface 2 respectively.
The supporting surface 2 is movably connected with the screw rod 1, and the supporting surface 2 moves up and down along the axial direction of the screw rod 1.
The screw rod 1 is made of stainless steel, the length is 1500mm, and the diameter is 5 mm.
The upper end and the lower end of the screw rod 1 are fixed through nuts.
The top end supporting surface 2-1 and the bottom end supporting surface 2-3 are hard clapboards, and the middle supporting surface 2-2 is a hard clapboard.
The supporting surface 2 is a square polypropylene plate, the length, the width and the height of the supporting surface are respectively 200mm, 200mm and 5mm, and four holes 21 with the diameter of 7mm are respectively arranged at four corners of the supporting surface 2 and used for fixing the screw rods 1.
The upper and lower two parts structure of spiral cage 3 is the same, be bowl structure, bowl structure's height is 60mm, inside degree of depth is 55mm, the bottom height is 5mm, uncovered diameter is 100mm, the bottom diameter is 40mm, the symmetric position of opening end outwards extends, form two epitaxial portion 31, length is 10mm, the epitaxial portion 31 of the corresponding position of the upper and lower two parts structure of spiral cage 3 is connected through the ribbon, the corresponding position of epitaxial portion 31 has the diameter to be 4 mm's hole, a hole for fixing the ribbon.
The spiral cage 3 is made of elastic material, and the elastic material is soft plastic.
The method for establishing the pear-shaped ring soft plastic pyramid family in a large scale comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a cement pond with the water depth of 3m by 15m for water storage, controlling the water depth of the pond to be 100-150 mm, and preparing an inflator with the water depth of 1.5 kw;
(2) before mating, female snails and male snails which are used as parents are respectively cultured in different snail cages 3;
(3) after mating, the offspring of each female snail is bred in the same snail cage 3, each group of devices is provided with 10 snail cages 3, 10 groups of devices are provided in total, and 100 families are constructed;
(4) opening the spiral cage 3 every two days, feeding the sliced spirulina tablets, observing the growth condition and recording the death condition;
(5) after 60 days of culture, the shellfish mark is pasted on the snail shell for individual marking.
In the step (1), after the female snails and the male snails are mated, the female snails and the male snails which produce the young snails are still cultured in the snail cage 3 and are used as the backup parents in the second year.
And (4) polyculturing the marked offspring in the same pond and enabling the offspring to move freely.
In this embodiment, the screw rod is fixed through upper end and lower extreme holding surface, and the axial that the holding surface can follow the screw rod reciprocates, whole device simple structure, use in a flexible way.
In the embodiment, a plurality of pear-shaped ring edge snail families can be constructed simultaneously as required, the device occupies less land and has high space utilization rate, the survival rate of young snails cultured in the snail cage can reach more than 98%, the young snails grow well, the requirement for establishing the pear-shaped ring edge snail families on a large scale is met, meanwhile, the amphoteric individuals are respectively raised, the mating frequency of male individuals is controlled, the consumption of excellent male individuals is reduced, precious germplasm resources are protected, and the propagation efficiency and the offspring quality of the pear-shaped ring edge snails are improved.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the device for establishing the pear-shaped ring-edge snail family system on a large scale comprises a screw rod 1, a supporting surface 2 and a spiral cage 3, wherein the screw rod 1 is used as an upright post to support the whole device, the supporting surface 2 is sleeved with the screw rod 1, the screw rod 1 is distributed on the screw rod 1 to fix the screw rod 1, the upper end and the lower end of the screw rod 1 are fixed, the upper part and the lower part of the spiral cage 3 are mutually buckled and pressed to be detachably connected, the spiral cage 3 is mutually overlapped and placed between the adjacent supporting surfaces 2, and the upper end and the lower end of each spiral cage 3 are respectively abutted against the adjacent.
The supporting surface 2 is movably connected with the screw rod 1, and the supporting surface 2 moves up and down along the axial direction of the screw rod 1.
The screw rod 1 is made of stainless steel, the length is 1500mm, and the diameter is 5 mm.
The upper end and the lower end of the screw rod 1 are fixed through buckling caps.
The top supporting surface 2-1 and the bottom supporting surface 2-3 are round polypropylene plates, and the middle supporting surface 2-2 is a round plastic gauze surface.
The diameter of the supporting surface 2 is 200mm, and four holes 21 with the diameter of 7mm are symmetrically arranged on the edge and used for fixing the screw rod 1.
The upper and lower two parts structure of spiral cage 3 is the same, be bowl structure, bowl structure's height is 60mm, inside degree of depth is 55mm, the bottom height is 5mm, uncovered diameter is 100mm, the bottom diameter is 40mm, the symmetric position of uncovered end outwards extends, form two epitaxial portion 31, length is 10mm, the epitaxial portion 31 of the corresponding position of the upper and lower two parts structure of spiral cage 3 is connected through the screw, the corresponding position of epitaxial portion 31 has the diameter to be 4 mm's hole, a use for set screw.
The spiral cage 3 is made of non-elastic materials, and the non-elastic materials are hard plastics.
The method for establishing the pear-shaped ring soft plastic pyramid family in a large scale comprises the following steps:
(1) before mating, female snails and male snails which are used as parents are respectively cultured in different snail cages 3;
(2) after mating, the offspring of each female snail is cultured in the same snail cage 3, 10 snail cages 3 are arranged in each group of devices, 10 groups of devices are arranged in total, 100 families are constructed, the offspring of each female snail is standardized to be 3, the breeding density is prevented from being too high, the offspring contend for food, and each individual is ensured to have enough nutrition;
(3) opening the spiral cage 3 every two days, feeding the sliced spirulina tablets, observing the growth condition and recording the death condition;
(4) after 60 days of culture, according to a method of random block experimental design, shellfish markers are adhered to snail shells, the shellfish markers are randomly placed back into the snail cages after individual marking, 3 individuals are placed in each snail cage, individuals with different heredity are ensured to be randomly distributed in the snail cages, and meanwhile, each individual is ensured to have sufficient nutrition.
(5) After the female snail and the male snail are mated, the female snail and the male snail which produce the young snail are still cultured in the snail cage 3 and are used as the backup parent of the second year to prevent the female snail and the male snail from mating with each other and spawning.
In this embodiment, the screw rod is fixed through upper end and lower extreme holding surface, and the axial that the holding surface can follow the screw rod reciprocates, whole device simple structure, use in a flexible way.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of pear-shaped ring edge snail families can be constructed simultaneously as required, the device occupies less land and has high space utilization rate, the survival rate of young snails cultured in the snail cage can reach more than 98 percent, the growth is good, marked offspring can be randomly placed back into the snail cage, the offspring genetic backgrounds in each family are consistent, but the individual is in different water layers, so that the device is used for accurately detecting the horizontal and vertical distribution conditions of heavy metal ions in the culture water body and can be used as a powerful tool for environment detection.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a device of large-scale establishment pyriform ring arris snail family which characterized in that: the device comprises a screw rod (1), a supporting surface and a spiral cage (3), wherein the screw rod (1) is used as an upright post to support the whole device; the supporting surface comprises a top supporting surface (2-1), a bottom supporting surface (2-3) and a middle supporting surface (2-2), the top supporting surface (2-1), the bottom supporting surface (2-3) and the middle supporting surface (2-2) are movably connected with the screw (1), move up and down along the axial direction of the screw (1), and are distributed on the screw (1) to fix the screw (1); both ends are fixed about screw rod (1), the upper and lower two parts of spiral shell cage (3) are detained each other and are pressed detachably and connect, spiral shell cage (3) superpose each other and place between adjacent holding surface, and the upper end and the lower extreme of every spiral shell cage (3) combination offset with adjacent holding surface respectively, the upper and lower two parts structure of spiral shell cage (3) is the same, is bowl form structure, and the symmetric position of opening end outwards extends, forms two epitaxial portions (31).
2. The apparatus for large scale erection of a pyriform cyclocarya family according to claim 1, wherein: the top end supporting surface (2-1) and the bottom end supporting surface (2-3) are hard partition plates; the middle supporting surface (2-2) is a hard clapboard or a soft gauze surface.
3. The apparatus for large scale erection of a pyriform cyclocarya family according to claim 1, wherein: the extending parts (31) at the corresponding positions of the upper and lower part structures of the spiral cage (3) are connected through one of a binding belt, a screw and a buckle.
4. The method for large-scale building of the piriformis conch family by using the device for large-scale building of the piriformis conch family according to claim 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) before mating, female snails and male snails which are used as parents are respectively cultured in different snail cages (3);
(2) after mating, breeding offspring of each female snail in the same snail cage (3), and configuring M snail cages for each group of devices and N groups of devices according to the number of offspring to construct M multiplied by N families;
(3) opening the spiral cage (3) once every several days, feeding the flaky spirulina tablets, observing the growth condition and recording the death condition;
(4) after a young snail breeding period, adhering the shellfish mark on the snail shell for individual marking.
5. The method for large scale erection of a piriformis family according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), after the female snails and the male snails are mated, the female snails and the male snails which produce the young snails are still cultured in the snail cage (3) and are used as the backup parents in the second year.
6. The method for large scale erection of a piriformis family according to claim 5, wherein: and (4) polyculturing the marked offspring in the same pond and enabling the offspring to move freely.
7. The method for large scale erection of a piriformis family according to claim 5, wherein: in the step (4), marked offspring are randomly placed back into the spiral cage (3).
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| CN110178770A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 厦门大学 | A kind of Babylonia family is established and fine-variety breeding method |
| CN117223657B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-04-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating low-salt-resistant long-speed and fast Babylonia |
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| KR100796119B1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-01-21 | 문창영 | Submersible cage facility for fish culture |
| CN101965817B (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-02-01 | 河北省水产研究所 | Coldwater fish high-density hatcher |
| CN201967502U (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-09-14 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Layered cage culture device |
| CN202663998U (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2013-01-16 | 石狮市海丰泰水产养殖有限公司 | Movable stereoscopic seedling box used for industrialized seedling production of sea urchins |
| JP6074731B1 (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-08 | 武廣 根井 | Cultivation scallops and scallop culture method |
| CN105075956A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-11-25 | 山东大学（威海） | Method for improving survival rate of young rapana venosa |
| CN205648717U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-10-19 | 陈心田 | Case is bred to convenient abalone of dismantling |
| JP2018014969A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | かなわ水産株式会社 | Marine aquaculture tray and marine aquaculture tray laminate laminating the same |
| CN106879519A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-23 | 福建强闽信息科技有限公司 | The abalone culture device of collection sterilization cleaning, dead volume collection, oxygenation and water quality early-warning |
| CN206994095U (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-02-13 | 温州市渔业技术推广站 | A kind of laminar blue crab cultivation cage |
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