CN108606177A - A kind of agent of feed for pregnancy sow and its feeding method improving number born of sow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a pregnant sow feed for increasing the litter size of sows, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of corn, 8-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of flour, and 5 parts of alfalfa powder ～20 parts, 0～3 parts of soybean oil, 0.2～0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.15～0.4 parts of lysine hydrochloride, 0.1～1 part of arginine, 0.1～1 part of alanine, 0.05～0.3 parts of methionine 0.05-0.3 parts of threonine, 0.1-0.3 parts of table salt, and 4 parts of premix. At the same time, the feeding method of this feed is provided. During pregnancy, each sow is restricted in feed intake, specifically: each sow is supplied with 2.2-2.8kg feed per day in the early pregnancy; each sow is supplied with 2.7-3.5kg feed per day in the late pregnancy kg feed. The matched use of the feed and the feeding method of the invention can significantly increase the litter size of sows and improve the reproductive performance of sows.

Description

Feed for pregnant sows and feeding method thereof for increasing litter size of sows

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of feed, and relates to a pregnant sow feed for increasing the litter size of sows and a preparation method thereof, and also relates to a feeding method of the pregnant sow feed.

Background technique

my country is a traditional big pork consumption country. Pork is the main source of meat for our people, accounting for more than 60% of daily meat consumption. However, the pig production level in my country is still relatively backward compared with developed countries in the world. Breeding sows are the core group of the whole pig farm. Their reproductive performance determines the productivity level and profitability of the pig farm. It is closely related to the benefit of the pig farm. At present, the number of weaned piglets provided by sows in developed countries has reached 26, while in my country, the current scale is relatively large, and the pig farms with better production performance can reach 23 piglets, while the number of weaned piglets provided by breeding sows in some small and medium-sized pig farms is only 16 to 18 pigs, there is a big gap with countries with developed pig farming industry.

The nutritional level of the sow diet has a significant impact on its reproductive performance. Excessive energy intake during pregnancy will reduce the feed intake of sows during lactation, causing excessive weight loss during lactation, and excessive energy intake during pregnancy will lead to Sows that are too thin during delivery will reduce the milk production of sows during lactation and the litter weight of piglets at birth. Therefore, the supply of reasonable nutrients and scientific feeding management for pregnant sows play an important role in improving the production performance of sows. In view of this Therefore, it is necessary to provide a feed suitable for pregnant sows and a corresponding feeding method to meet the reproductive needs of pregnant sows.

Contents of the invention

In view of the low efficiency of pig raising in my country and the low litter size of sows, the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed for pregnant sows that can increase the litter size of sows. litter size and reduce the number of stillbirths.

The second object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned preparation method of feed for pregnant sows which can increase the litter size of sows.

The third object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned feeding method of feed for pregnant sows which increases the litter size of sows.

The first purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A feed for pregnant sows for increasing the litter size of sows, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of corn, 8-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of flour, 5-20 parts of alfalfa powder, 0-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.2-0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.15-0.4 parts of lysine hydrochloride, 0.1-1 part of arginine, 0.1-1 part of alanine, 0.05-0.3 parts of methionine, threonine 0.05-0.3 parts of acid, 0.1-0.3 parts of salt, 4 parts of premix.

Further, the feed for pregnant sows includes the following components in parts by weight: 56.89 parts of corn, 13.4 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of flour, 12.8 parts of alfalfa powder, 1.5 parts of soybean oil, 0.4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, lysine 0.23 part of amino acid hydrochloride, 0.24 part of arginine, 0.16 part of alanine, 0.1 part of methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.18 part of table salt, 4 parts of premix.

Lysine is the first limiting amino acid in pigs. It can not only be used as a substrate to synthesize protein, but also can be used as a regulatory factor to regulate protein synthesis. Adding lysine can increase the birth weight and litter weight of piglets; threonine in corn soybean meal Type diet is the third limiting amino acid for pigs. Threonine not only participates in the synthesis of body protein, but also participates in the synthesis of mucus mucin. In terms of pig immunity, threonine is mainly reflected in the regulation of humoral immunity. It can regulate the synthesis of immunoglobulin; methionine is an essential amino acid for pigs, and methionine deficiency can lead to adverse reactions such as reduced production performance, lipid peroxidation damage, poor growth and development, weight loss, liver and kidney damage, etc. in sows.

A large number of experimental studies have shown that arginine can significantly alleviate the intrauterine growth retardation of pig embryos, increase the litter size of sows, and improve the reproductive performance of sows. The mechanism of action is as follows:

①Improve uterine placental blood flow. The placenta is an important organ for the mother to transfer nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and transport fetal metabolic waste, and all these activities are completed through the uterine placental blood circulation, so the uterine placental blood flow is the one that affects fetal growth and development. key factor.

②Promote fetal muscle growth and reduce fetal fat deposition. Arginine metabolite polyamine can not only affect DNA and protein synthesis in the body by regulating gene expression, signal transduction, ion channel and other pathways, but also is necessary for cell proliferation and differentiation substance.

③Reduce the concentration of maternal plasma ammonia and increase the utilization rate of amino acids in the diet. Blood ammonia is one of the important factors causing embryo and fetal death. The lower the concentration of plasma urea, the better the growth environment for the fetus can be created and the body can be improved. Utilization of amino acids.

The nutritional level of the feed for pregnant sows of the present invention is digestible energy: 3140kcal/kg; crude protein: 14.25%; lysine: 0.8%; cystine+methionine: 0.5%; threonine: 0.56%; tryptophan : 0.17%; Valine: 0.51%. Guaranteed lysine: methionine + cysteine: threonine: tryptophan: valine = 100:63:70:21:64.

Calcium: 130g; phosphorus: 3.5g; sodium chloride: 4.2-25g; copper: 250-870mg; iron: 1800-15000mg; manganese: 400-3500mg; ～3750mg; vitamin A: 125～300KIU; vitamin D ₃ : 18～125KIU; vitamin: E 300mg; vitamin K: 14～125mg; folic acid: 25mg; niacin 100mg; pantothenic acid: _275mg ; riboflavin 60g; 23mg _; Vitamin B6 25mg. The carrier of the premix is at least one of zeolite powder, bentonite and stone powder.

The second purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for preparing feed for pregnant sows for increasing the litter size of sows, comprising the following steps:

(1) First mix lysine hydrochloride, arginine, alanine, methionine, threonine, and salt according to the formula quantity, and then mix the added premix evenly to obtain the mixture;

(2) Mix the materials step by step. The order of addition is to add half the amount of corn, soybean meal, flour, the mixture obtained in step (1), alfalfa grass powder, and the remaining corn. After mixing, the soybean oil will be mixed with mist Spray it on the surface of the feed and mix it evenly to get the finished product.

The third object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A feeding method of feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows: during pregnancy, each sow is restricted in feed intake, specifically: in the early pregnancy, each sow is supplied with 2.2-2.8kg of feed per day; Each sow is supplied with 2.7-3.5kg of feed per day.

Preferably, each sow is provided with 2.5kg of feed per day in the early pregnancy period; and 3kg of feed is provided per sow in the late pregnancy period.

The first trimester is from 30 to 90 days of pregnancy, and the second trimester is from 91 days of pregnancy to delivery.

Preferably, when sows are raised separately, each sow is supplied with 2.5kg of feed in the early pregnancy period, and 3.0kg of feed is supplied in the late pregnancy; The wet feed is evenly sprinkled on the floor of the pig house for feeding.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention uses an ideal protein model to formulate amino acid balanced rations to ensure the supply of various essential amino acids, optimize the ration formula at the same time, and carry out precise feeding of sows. While ensuring the growth and maintenance needs of pregnant sows, it can Control the body condition of sows to keep their body weight within a reasonable range;

(2) The present invention fully considers the nutritional and physiological characteristics that pregnant sows are prone to constipation due to their low feed intake and small range of exercise, adding an appropriate amount of alfalfa powder, which is a high-quality fiber raw material, rich in dietary fiber, Vitamins, minerals, etc., as a fermentable fiber, can promote the balance of intestinal flora, maintain the intestinal health of pregnant sows, significantly improve the constipation of sows, improve the reproductive performance of sows, and combine with other roughage in the diet Reasonable use of fiber to meet the fiber needs of pregnant sows;

(3) The addition of arginine in the present invention can significantly alleviate the intrauterine growth retardation of pig embryos, increase the litter size of sows, and improve the reproductive performance of sows.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

For the premix used in the examples, the carrier is stone powder, containing calcium: 130g per kilogram of premix; phosphorus: 3.5g; sodium chloride: 4.2-25g; copper: 250-870mg; iron: 1800-15000mg; Zinc: 1000～3750mg; Vitamin A: 125～300KIU; Vitamin _D3 : 18～125KIU; Vitamin: E 300mg; Vitamin K: 14～125mg; Folic acid: 25mg; Niacin 100mg; Pantothenic acid: 275mg; Riboflavin 60g; Vitamin B ₁ 23mg; Vitamin B ₆ 25mg.

Embodiment one

A feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows, the composition of which includes 56.89g of corn, 13.4g of soybean meal, 10g of flour, 12.8g of alfalfa powder, 1.5g of soybean oil, 0.4g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and lysine salt Salt 0.23g, arginine 0.24g, alanine 0.16g, methionine 0.1g, threonine 0.1g, salt 0.18g, premix 4g.

The formula nutrition level of feed in this embodiment is digestible energy: 3140kcal/kg; Crude protein: 14.25%; Lysine: 0.8%; Cystine+methionine: 0.5%; Threonine: 0.56%; 0.17%; Valine: 0.51%. Guaranteed lysine: methionine + cysteine: threonine: tryptophan: valine = 100:63:70:21:64.

The preparation method of the pregnant sow feed that improves sow litter size in the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

(1) First mix lysine hydrochloride, arginine, alanine, methionine, threonine, and salt according to the formula quantity, then add the premix and mix evenly to obtain the mixture;

(2) Mix the materials step by step. The order of addition is to add half the amount of corn, soybean meal, flour, the mixture obtained in step (1), alfalfa grass powder, and the remaining corn. Spray on the feed surface and mix well to get the finished product.

The feeding method of the feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows in this embodiment: during pregnancy, each sow restricts feed intake, specifically: in the early pregnancy (gestation 30-90 days), each sow daily Supply 2.5kg of feed; in late pregnancy (91 days of pregnancy to delivery), each sow is supplied with 3.0kg of feed per day. When the sows are raised alone, each sow is supplied with 2.5kg of feed in the early pregnancy and 3.0kg of feed in the late pregnancy through the feeding line system; 50% drinking water, mix the feed and water evenly, and then sprinkle the wet feed evenly on the floor of the pig house for feeding. Since there are many sows in a pen, the feed is distributed evenly on the floor to ensure that every sow gets the feed.

Embodiment two

A feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows, the composition of which includes 56.97g of corn, 13.4g of soybean meal, 10g of flour, 12.8g of alfalfa powder, 1.5g of soybean oil, 0.4g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and lysine salt Salt 0.23g, arginine 0.32g, alanine 0, methionine 0.1g, threonine 0.1g, salt 0.18g, premix 4g.

In this embodiment, the preparation method and feeding method of the feed for pregnant sows to increase the litter size of sows are the same as in Embodiment 1, and the nutritional level (crude protein, digestible energy, content and ratio of essential amino acids) is close to that of Embodiment 1.

Embodiment three

A feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows, the composition of which includes 50g of corn, 11.5g of soybean meal, 19g of flour, 12.54g of alfalfa powder, 1.5g of soybean oil, 0.4g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and lysine hydrochloride Salt 0.27g, arginine 0.24g, alanine 0.16g, methionine 0.1g, threonine 0.1g, salt 0.18g, premix 4g.

In this embodiment, the preparation method and feeding method of the feed for pregnant sows to increase the litter size of sows are the same as in Embodiment 1, and the nutritional level (crude protein, digestible energy, content and ratio of essential amino acids) is close to that of Embodiment 1.

Embodiment Four

A feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows, the composition of which includes 58.5g of corn, 13g of soybean meal, 7g of flour, 14.5g of alfalfa powder, 1.7g of soybean oil, 0.4g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and lysine hydrochloride Salt 0.21g, arginine 0.20g, alanine 0.11g, methionine 0.1g, threonine 0.1g, salt 0.18g, premix 4g.

In this embodiment, the preparation method and feeding method of the feed for pregnant sows to increase the litter size of sows are the same as in Embodiment 1, and the nutritional level (crude protein, digestible energy, content and ratio of essential amino acids) is close to that of Embodiment 1.

Embodiment five

A feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows, comprising 56.6g of corn, 13g of soybean meal, 14g of flour, 10g of alfalfa powder, 1.0g of soybean oil, 0.4g of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and lysine hydrochloride 0.25g, arginine 0.26g, alanine 0.10g, methionine 0.1g, threonine 0.11g, salt 0.18g, premix 4g.

In this embodiment, the preparation method and feeding method of the feed for pregnant sows to increase the litter size of sows are the same as in Embodiment 1, and the nutritional level (crude protein, digestible energy, content and ratio of essential amino acids) is close to that of Embodiment 1.

Embodiment six

A feed for pregnant sows and a feeding method thereof for increasing the litter size of sows, comprising 48.7g of corn, 11.5g of soybean meal, 22g of flour, 11.3g of alfalfa powder, 1.2g of soybean oil, and 0.4g of calcium hydrogen phosphate , Lysine hydrochloride 0.27g, arginine 0.24g, alanine 0, methionine 0.1g, threonine 0.11g, salt 0.18g, premix 4g.

In this embodiment, the preparation method and feeding method of the feed for pregnant sows to increase the litter size of sows are the same as in Embodiment 1, and the nutritional level (crude protein, digestible energy, content and ratio of essential amino acids) is close to that of Embodiment 1.

A total of 120 long × large sows with 3-4 parity were selected for the experiment, with similar body weight, consistent genetic background, good health, normal development, and close estrus and mating dates. They were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups according to their body conditions. The only difference between the feed for the control group and the feed in Example 1 is that it does not contain arginine, the test group eats the feed of Example 1, and the test group 2 eats the feed of Example 2. Successfully pregnant sows were fed the corresponding test diet from 30 days of gestation and entered the formal test period. In the early pregnancy (<90 days), all sows were fed an equal amount of 2.5 kg/day, and in the late pregnancy (≥90 days), they were fed 3 kg/day, and the diet was divided into two feedings (8:00 am and 16:00 pm) 00). Sows drink water freely and enter the farrowing room for 110 days.

Table 1 Effects of eating different feeds on the reproductive performance of pregnant sows

The results show that: feeding the feed of the present invention can significantly reduce the number of stillbirths in sows, increase the number of live piglets produced by sows, and have no significant impact on the birth weight of piglets, and wherein the number of live piglets produced in Example 1 increases by 23% relative to the control group , indicating that arginine has a significant effect on increasing sow litter size and improving sow reproductive performance. For general pig farms, the feed purchased on the market is fed, the number of sows born alive is 9.8, the number of stillborns is 1.5, and the birth weight is 1.4kg. The effect of the feed of the present invention on improving the number of born alive is more obvious.

The above embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but they can not be used as limitations to the present invention. Any improvement and deformation based on the concept of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the specific protection scope is defined by the right What is recorded in the request shall prevail.

Claims (9)

1. A feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows, is characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of corn, 8-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of flour, alfalfa 5-20 parts of flour, 0-3 parts of soybean oil, 0.2-0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.15-0.4 parts of lysine hydrochloride, 0.1-1 part of arginine, 0.1-1 part of alanine, 0.05 parts of methionine ~0.3 parts, threonine 0.05~0.3 parts, salt 0.1~0.3 parts, premix 4 parts. 2. The feed for pregnant sows according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 56.89 parts of corn, 13.4 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of flour, and alfalfa powder 12.8 parts, 1.5 parts of soybean oil, 0.4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.23 parts of lysine hydrochloride, 0.24 parts of arginine, 0.16 parts of alanine, 0.1 parts of methionine, 0.1 parts of threonine, 0.18 parts of salt, Mix 4 parts. 3. The feed for pregnant sows according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the premix contains calcium: 130g per kilogram of premix; phosphorus: 3.5g; Sodium: 4.2～25g; Copper: 250～870mg; Iron: 1800～15000mg; Manganese: 400～3500mg; Zinc: 1000～3750mg; Vitamin A: 125～300KIU; Vitamin _D3 : 18～125KIU; Vitamin K: 14~125mg; Folic acid: 25mg; Niacin 100mg; Pantothenic acid: 275mg; Riboflavin 60g; Vitamin B ₁ 23mg; Vitamin B ₆ 25mg. 4. The feed for pregnant sows according to claim 3, characterized in that the carrier of the premix is at least one of zeolite powder, bentonite, and stone powder. 5. A method for preparing a feed for pregnant sows that increases the litter size of sows according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) First mix lysine hydrochloride, arginine, alanine, methionine, threonine, and salt according to the formula quantity, then add the premix and mix evenly to obtain the mixture; (2) Mix the materials step by step. The order of addition is to add half the amount of corn, soybean meal, flour, the mixture obtained in step (1), alfalfa grass powder, and the remaining corn. Spray on the feed surface and mix well to get the finished product. 6. A method for feeding pregnant sow feed for increasing the litter size of sows according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, during pregnancy, each sow restricts feed intake, specifically: Each sow is supplied with 2.2-2.8kg of feed per day in the early pregnancy; each sow is supplied with 2.7-3.5kg of feed per day in the late pregnancy. 7. The feeding method of the pregnant sow feed for improving sow litter size according to claim 6, characterized in that, every sow in the early pregnancy period supplies 2.5kg of feed every day; feed. 8. The feeding method of pregnant sow feed for increasing the litter size of sows according to claim 6, characterized in that, the first trimester is 30 to 90 days of pregnancy, and the late pregnancy is 91 days of pregnancy to delivery . 9. The feeding method of the pregnant sow feed for improving the litter size of sows according to claim 7, characterized in that, when the sows were raised separately, each sow was supplied with 2.5kg of feed in the early pregnancy period, and in the late pregnancy period. 3.0kg of feed; when the sows are mixed, add 50% of the weight of drinking water to the feed and mix evenly, and then sprinkle the wet feed evenly on the floor of the pig house for feeding.