CN108592767B - Straightness measuring device, straightness measuring method and calibration method - Google Patents
Straightness measuring device, straightness measuring method and calibration method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108592767B CN108592767B CN201810597167.9A CN201810597167A CN108592767B CN 108592767 B CN108592767 B CN 108592767B CN 201810597167 A CN201810597167 A CN 201810597167A CN 108592767 B CN108592767 B CN 108592767B
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- cross rod
- standard cross
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a straightness measuring device which comprises a clamping groove and a standard cross rod, wherein the middle upper part of the standard cross rod is inserted into the clamping groove upwards and is in fastening fit with the clamping groove, and the bottom of the standard cross rod extends out of the clamping groove downwards; the bottom end of the standard cross rod is a straight line; a plurality of measuring meters are uniformly arranged on the clamping groove, measuring heads of the measuring meters downwards extend out of the clamping groove, and the bottom ends of the measuring heads of the measuring meters are lower than the bottom ends of the standard cross bars; the top of the clamping groove is in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolt extends into the clamping groove and is in jacking fit with the top of the standard cross rod; the both ends of standard horizontal pole respectively downwards can dismantle and be connected with V type location structure. The invention also discloses a straightness measuring method and a calibrating method. The invention has simple structure, is convenient for calibration and straightness measurement, and can conveniently measure the straightness of workpieces with different shapes.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to measuring tools, and particularly to a straightness measuring device.
Background
In the machining industry, many workpieces have a linearity requirement, which requires measuring the straightness of the workpiece. Such as to measure the straightness of the guide surface, to measure the straightness of a cylindrical workpiece or pipe, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to design a straightness measuring device which is simple in structure and convenient to use.
The workpieces with different shapes are very different, and the existing measuring device is difficult to be conveniently adapted to the workpieces with different shapes such as planes, cylindrical surfaces and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a straightness measuring device which is simple in structure and convenient to calibrate and use, and can conveniently measure straightness of workpieces with different shapes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the straightness measuring device comprises a clamping groove and a standard cross rod, wherein the middle upper part of the standard cross rod is inserted into the clamping groove upwards and is in fastening fit with the clamping groove, and the bottom of the standard cross rod extends out of the clamping groove downwards; the vertical section of the bottom of the standard cross rod is in a triangle with a big upper part and a small lower part, and the bottom end of the standard cross rod is a straight line;
a plurality of measuring meters are uniformly arranged on the clamping groove along the length direction of the clamping groove, and the measuring meters are dial indicators or dial indicators; the measuring head of the measuring meter downwards extends out of the clamping groove, and the bottom end of the measuring head of the measuring meter is lower than the bottom end of the standard cross rod;
the top of the clamping groove is in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolt extends into the clamping groove and is in jacking fit with the top of the standard cross rod; two adjusting bolts are symmetrically arranged at the left end part and the right end part of the clamping groove;
the both ends of standard horizontal pole respectively downwards can dismantle and be connected with V type location structure.
The clamping groove is tightly matched with the standard cross rod through the following structures:
the clamping groove comprises a long turning plate and a long flat plate, the cross section of the long turning plate is L-shaped, the long turning plate comprises a vertical long plate and a horizontal short plate vertically connected with the vertical long plate, and the long flat plate is in pressure connection with the end face of the horizontal short plate; the long flat plate and the long crutch plate enclose a clamping groove with a downward opening;
the vertical long plate is provided with a counter bore, the long flat plate corresponding to the counter bore is provided with a threaded hole, the standard cross rod is provided with a horizontal hole which is penetrated left and right, a fastening bolt is arranged between the counter bore and the threaded hole, the big end of the fastening bolt is in compression joint with the bottom of the counter bore, the fastening bolt penetrates through the horizontal hole on the standard cross rod, and the fastening bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the long flat plate; the diameter of the horizontal hole is larger than that of the fastening bolt.
The standard cross bar is detachably connected with the V-shaped positioning structure through the following structure:
the V-shaped positioning structure comprises a V-shaped plate, wherein the V-shaped plate encloses a V-shaped groove with a downward opening, and the V-shaped groove is arranged in a small and big way; the top surface of the V-shaped plate is a horizontal plane;
the bottom of the standard cross rod at the V-shaped positioning structure is provided with an assembly groove with a downward notch, and the bottom surface of the assembly groove is a horizontal plane;
the upper portion of V type locating plate upwards stretches into in the assembly groove and the top surface of V type board is laminated mutually with the tank bottom face of assembly groove, and V type locating plate and standard horizontal pole are in the detachable link together through connecting bolt in laminating department, and connecting bolt's bottom stretches into V type groove.
The groove top of the clamping groove is upwards connected with two handles, and the two handles are arranged at intervals.
The invention also aims to provide a straightness measuring method by using the straightness measuring device, when the surface to be measured of the workpiece is a plane, the connecting bolt is screwed down so as to take down the V-shaped positioning structure, the surface to be measured of the workpiece is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross bar, the workpiece is upwards pressed against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece is measured according to the reading difference value of the dial indicator or the dial indicator at each position;
when the surface to be measured of the workpiece is a curved surface, the V-shaped positioning structure is connected to the standard cross rod through the connecting bolts, then the workpiece is clamped up and down by using the V-shaped grooves at the two ends of the standard cross rod, the workpiece is upwards pushed against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece is measured according to the reading difference value of the dial indicator or the dial indicator at each position.
The invention also aims to provide a calibration method of the straightness measuring device, which comprises the steps of firstly unscrewing the fastening bolt and the adjusting bolt, so that the standard cross rod can move up and down in the fit clearance range relative to the fastening bolt. Then using a standard control block as a measured object, wherein the standard control block has a standard straight surface; after the standard straight surface of the standard comparison block is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross rod, the fastening bolt and the adjusting bolt are screwed, so that the position of the standard cross rod is fixed; finally, the pointer of the dial indicator or dial indicator is adjusted to zero scale, and the calibration work is completed.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention has simple structure and convenient use. After the surface to be measured of the workpiece is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross rod, the specific condition of the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece can be conveniently obtained by observing whether the indication numbers of the measuring meters are the same or not and the difference value. The invention can conveniently execute the calibration operation, and the accuracy of the straightness measurement can be ensured through the calibration operation.
When the surface to be measured of the workpiece is a plane, the connecting bolt is screwed down to take down the V-shaped positioning structure, so that the surface to be measured of the workpiece is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross rod, and the straightness of the plane workpiece is measured.
When the surface to be measured of the workpiece is a curved surface, such as when the workpiece is cylindrical, the V-shaped positioning structure is connected to the standard cross rod through the connecting bolts, and then the workpiece is clamped by the V-shaped grooves at the two ends of the standard cross rod, so that the workpiece is positioned, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece can be obtained by observing the readings of the measuring meters.
The diameter of the horizontal hole is larger than that of the fastening bolt, the fastening bolt and the standard cross rod are provided with a fit clearance, and the adjusting bolt can be screwed and the upper position and the lower position of the standard cross rod can be adjusted when the fastening bolt is unscrewed.
The detachable connection structure between the standard cross rod and the V-shaped positioning structure is simpler, so that the V-shaped groove of the V-shaped positioning structure faces to the right lower side, and the V-shaped positioning structure can be detached or installed conveniently through the connecting bolt.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a section B-B of FIG. 1 with the workpiece removed;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a standard rail at the assembly slot.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the straightness measuring device of the present invention comprises a clamping groove 1 and a standard cross bar 2, wherein the middle upper part of the standard cross bar 2 is inserted into the clamping groove 1 upwards and is tightly matched with the clamping groove 1, and the bottom of the standard cross bar 2 extends out of the clamping groove 1 downwards; the vertical section of the bottom of the standard cross rod 2 is in a triangle shape with a big top and a small bottom, and the bottom of the standard cross rod 2 is a straight line;
a plurality of measuring meters 3 are uniformly arranged on the clamping groove 1 along the length direction, and the measuring meters 3 are dial indicators or dial indicators; the measuring head of the measuring meter 3 extends downwards out of the clamping groove 1, and the bottom end of the measuring head of the measuring meter 3 is lower than the bottom end of the standard cross rod 2;
the top of the clamping groove 1 is in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt 4, and the adjusting bolt 4 extends into the clamping groove 1 and is in jacking fit with the top of the standard cross rod 2; the two adjusting bolts 4 are symmetrically arranged at the left end part and the right end part of the clamping groove 1;
the two ends of the standard cross rod 2 are respectively and downwards detachably connected with a V-shaped positioning structure 5.
The clamping groove 1 and the standard cross bar 2 are tightly matched together through the following structures:
the clamping groove 1 comprises a long turning plate and a long flat plate 8, the cross section of the long turning plate is L-shaped, the long turning plate comprises a vertical long plate 6 and a horizontal short plate 7 vertically connected with the vertical long plate 6, and the long flat plate 8 is in pressure connection with the end face of the horizontal short plate 7; the long flat plate 8 and the long turning plate enclose a clamping groove 1 with a downward opening;
the vertical long plate 6 is provided with a counter bore 9, a long flat plate 8 corresponding to the counter bore 9 is provided with a threaded hole, the standard cross rod 2 is provided with a horizontal hole 10 which is penetrated left and right, a fastening bolt 11 is arranged between the counter bore 9 and the threaded hole, the big head end of the fastening bolt 11 is in compression joint with the bottom of the counter bore 9, the fastening bolt 11 passes through the horizontal hole 10 on the standard cross rod 2, and the fastening bolt 11 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the long flat plate 8; the diameter of the horizontal hole 10 is larger than the diameter of the fastening bolt 11. In this way, the fastening bolt 11 has a fit clearance with the standard cross bar 2, and when the fastening bolt 11 is unscrewed, the adjusting bolt 4 can be screwed and the up-down position of the standard cross bar 2 can be adjusted.
The standard cross bar 2 is detachably connected with the V-shaped positioning structure 5 through the following structure:
the V-shaped positioning structure 5 comprises a V-shaped plate 12, wherein the V-shaped plate 12 surrounds a V-shaped groove with a downward opening, and the V-shaped groove is arranged in a small and big way; the top surface of the V-shaped plate 12 is a horizontal surface;
an assembling groove 13 with a downward notch is formed in the bottom of the standard cross rod 2 at the position of the V-shaped positioning structure 5, and the bottom surface of the assembling groove 13 is a horizontal plane;
the upper portion of V type locating plate upwards stretches into in the assembly groove 13 and the top surface of V type board 12 is laminated mutually with the groove bottom surface in assembly groove 13, and V type locating plate and standard horizontal pole 2 are in the same place through connecting bolt 14 detachable connection in laminating department, and connecting bolt 14's bottom stretches into V type groove.
The detachable connection structure between the standard cross rod 2 and the V-shaped positioning structure 5 is simpler, so that the V-shaped groove of the V-shaped positioning structure 5 faces to the right lower side, and the V-shaped positioning structure 5 can be detached or installed conveniently through the connecting bolts 14.
The top of the clamping groove 1 is upwards connected with two handles 16, and the two handles 16 are arranged at intervals.
The invention also provides a straightness measuring method by using the straightness measuring device, when the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 is a plane, the connecting bolt 14 is screwed down so as to take down the V-shaped positioning structure 5, the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross bar, the workpiece 17 is upwards pressed against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 is measured according to the reading difference value of the dial indicator or the dial indicator at each position; when the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 is a curved surface, for example, when the workpiece 17 is cylindrical, the V-shaped positioning structure is connected to the standard cross rod through the connecting bolts, then the workpiece 17 is clamped by using the V-shaped grooves at the two ends of the standard cross rod 2 from top to bottom, the workpiece 17 is upwards pushed against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 is measured according to the reading difference value of the dial indicator or the dial indicator at each place.
The handle 16 is provided to facilitate holding and moving the present invention, and to operate the present invention to measure straightness of the workpiece 17.
During measurement, the handle 16 is held by hand, and the standard cross bar 2 of the invention is pressed together with the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 from top to bottom. At this time, the workpiece 17 is pushed upwards against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, so that the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17 is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross bar 2. If the readings of the dial indicators or the dial indicators are the same (the difference is zero), the straightness of the workpiece 17 is very good; if the readings of the dial indicators or dial indicators are different from place to place, the straightness of the surface workpiece 17 is deficient. The greater the difference between the readings of the dial indicators or dial indicators, the poorer the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece 17; the smaller the difference between the readings of the dial indicators or gauges, the better the straightness of the surface of the workpiece 17 to be measured.
The invention needs to be calibrated after long-term use. The calibration method comprises the following steps: the fastening bolt 11 and the adjusting bolt 4 are unscrewed first, so that the standard cross rod 2 can move up and down in the fit clearance range relative to the fastening bolt 11. A standard control block is then used as the object to be measured, the standard control block having a standard flat face. After the standard flat surface of the standard comparison block is attached to the flat bottom end of the standard cross rod 2, the fastening bolt 11 and the adjusting bolt 4 are screwed, so that the position of the standard cross rod 2 is fixed. Finally, the pointer of the dial indicator or dial indicator is adjusted to zero scale, and the calibration work is completed. Through the calibration operation, the accuracy of the straightness measurement can be ensured.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be encompassed by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. Straightness accuracy measuring device, its characterized in that: the clamping groove is formed in the middle of the standard cross rod, the middle upper portion of the standard cross rod is inserted into the clamping groove upwards and is in fastening fit with the clamping groove, and the bottom of the standard cross rod extends out of the clamping groove downwards; the vertical section of the bottom of the standard cross rod is in a triangle with a big upper part and a small lower part, and the bottom end of the standard cross rod is a straight line;
a plurality of measuring meters are uniformly arranged on the clamping groove along the length direction of the clamping groove, and the measuring meters are dial indicators or dial indicators; the measuring head of the measuring meter downwards extends out of the clamping groove, and the bottom end of the measuring head of the measuring meter is lower than the bottom end of the standard cross rod;
the top of the clamping groove is in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolt extends into the clamping groove and is in jacking fit with the top of the standard cross rod; two adjusting bolts are symmetrically arranged at the left end part and the right end part of the clamping groove;
two ends of the standard cross rod are respectively and downwards detachably connected with a V-shaped positioning structure;
the standard cross bar is detachably connected with the V-shaped positioning structure through the following structure:
the V-shaped positioning structure comprises a V-shaped plate, wherein the V-shaped plate encloses a V-shaped groove with a downward opening, and the V-shaped groove is arranged in a small and big way; the top surface of the V-shaped plate is a horizontal plane;
the bottom of the standard cross rod at the V-shaped positioning structure is provided with an assembly groove with a downward notch, and the bottom surface of the assembly groove is a horizontal plane;
the upper part of the V-shaped positioning plate upwards extends into the assembly groove, the top surface of the V-shaped plate is attached to the bottom surface of the assembly groove, the V-shaped positioning plate is detachably connected with the standard cross rod at the attachment position through a connecting bolt, and the bottom end of the connecting bolt extends into the V-shaped groove;
when the surface to be measured of the workpiece is a plane, the connecting bolt is screwed down so as to take down the V-shaped positioning structure, the surface to be measured of the workpiece is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross bar, the workpiece is upwards pressed against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece is measured according to the reading difference value of the dial indicator or the dial indicator at each position;
when the surface to be measured of the workpiece is a curved surface, the V-shaped positioning structure is connected to the standard cross rod through the connecting bolts, then the workpiece is clamped up and down by using the V-shaped grooves at the two ends of the standard cross rod, the workpiece is upwards pushed against the measuring head of the dial indicator or the dial indicator, and the straightness of the surface to be measured of the workpiece is measured according to the reading difference value of the dial indicator or the dial indicator at each position.
2. The straightness measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the clamping groove is tightly matched with the standard cross rod through the following structures:
the clamping groove comprises a long turning plate and a long flat plate, the cross section of the long turning plate is L-shaped, the long turning plate comprises a vertical long plate and a horizontal short plate vertically connected with the vertical long plate, and the long flat plate is in pressure connection with the end face of the horizontal short plate; the long flat plate and the long crutch plate enclose a clamping groove with a downward opening;
the vertical long plate is provided with a counter bore, the long flat plate corresponding to the counter bore is provided with a threaded hole, the standard cross rod is provided with a horizontal hole which is penetrated left and right, a fastening bolt is arranged between the counter bore and the threaded hole, the big end of the fastening bolt is in compression joint with the bottom of the counter bore, the fastening bolt penetrates through the horizontal hole on the standard cross rod, and the fastening bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the long flat plate; the diameter of the horizontal hole is larger than that of the fastening bolt.
3. The straightness measurement apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the groove top of the clamping groove is upwards connected with two handles, and the two handles are arranged at intervals.
4. A calibration method using the straightness measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
firstly unscrewing the fastening bolt and the adjusting bolt to enable the standard cross rod to move up and down in the range of the fit clearance relative to the fastening bolt,
then using a standard control block as a measured object, wherein the standard control block has a standard straight surface; after the standard straight surface of the standard comparison block is attached to the straight bottom end of the standard cross rod, the fastening bolt and the adjusting bolt are screwed, so that the position of the standard cross rod is fixed; finally, the pointer of the dial indicator or dial indicator is adjusted to zero scale, and the calibration work is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810597167.9A CN108592767B (en) | 2018-06-12 | 2018-06-12 | Straightness measuring device, straightness measuring method and calibration method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810597167.9A CN108592767B (en) | 2018-06-12 | 2018-06-12 | Straightness measuring device, straightness measuring method and calibration method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108592767A CN108592767A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN108592767B true CN108592767B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110319754B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-05-10 | 桂林福达重工锻造有限公司 | Forging straightness gauge and application method thereof |
| CN113834401B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-08-22 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for judging in-place installation of interstage seal ring |
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|---|---|
| CN108592767A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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