CN108541507A - A kind of peach implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of peach implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108541507A CN108541507A CN201810382308.5A CN201810382308A CN108541507A CN 108541507 A CN108541507 A CN 108541507A CN 201810382308 A CN201810382308 A CN 201810382308A CN 108541507 A CN108541507 A CN 108541507A
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- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 240000006413 Prunus persica var. persica Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 244000105017 Vicia sativa Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 244000050427 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000000839 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013569 fruit product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A01G13/0256—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of peach implantation methods, are related to planting fruit trees technical field, for solving the problems, such as that existing peach implantation methods disease is more, fruit pol is low, nutrient quality difference is big, per mu yield is low.It includes (1) soil improvement, including green manuring, ploughs deeply soil and dig and make high compartment Kuan Gou;(2) seedling planting selects healthy seedling, and cave plantation is dug after doing antimicrobial treatment;(3) fertilizing management, a base manure top dressing and are poured water three times;(4) trimming and finishing, peach are planted using Y types;(5) sick branches and leaves, warming, prevention are removed in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, trimming.Compared with prior art, the present invention trims moulding using Cold region apple and Y types, the daylighting of peach plantation amount and upper and lower branch and the uniformity per acre is improved, to improve the pol of each position peach fruit;Simultaneously as peach each position daylighting is consistent, fruit sucrose accumulation, trophic level are suitable, can reduce the workload of fruit graded, reduce cost of labor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical fields, more particularly to a kind of peach implantation methods.
Background technology
The policy of China fruits industry development is " fruit tree go up a hill lower beach, do not strive ground with grain, cotton and oil ", this just determines China
Fruit tree is planted on hillside, mountain area, hills, sandy beach, tidal land and salt-soda soil.These general soil properties in place are more barren, structure not
Good and fertility is low, and specifically soil with organic matter content is low or extremely low, is unfavorable for the growth and development of fruit tree and fruit bearing rate
It is low.The northern China orchard soil content of organic matter is generally 1% hereinafter, southern orchard content of organic matter average out to 1% is left at present
The right side, these cannot all meet the nutrient needed for fruit tree growth.
Peach is easy aging, and update is also relatively difficult, due to the deterioration of soil, the toxic secretion of peach root and worm
The reasons such as evil infection, the growth of continuous cropping peach and harvest situation are very poor, cause the significant wastage of soil resource.
In order to increase soil fertility, traditional agriculture planting process can long-term applying pesticides and chemical fertilizer, can not only cause soil
Fertility decline, productivity declines, while can also soil aggregate structure be made to be destroyed, and porosity becomes smaller, and unit weight increases, and water conservation is ventilative
Property reduce, make soil there are Accumulation of heavy metals, salination is serious the problems such as.
The green scientic planting view of development, make the ecological agriculture, plant green fruit advocating under, soil is changed
It is good, the land occupation condition suitable for fruit tree growth is provided, and improve the fruit bearing rate of fruit tree on this basis, improves Business Economic Benefit extremely
It closes important.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to:In order to solve, existing peach implantation methods disease is more, fruit pol is low, nutrient quality is poor
Different problem big, per mu yield is low, the present invention provide one kind and soil organic matter content can be improved, can improve fruit tree fruit bearing rate, fruit product
The peach implantation methods that matter High Defferential is small and per mu yield is high.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme to achieve the goals above:
A kind of peach implantation methods, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
(1) soil improvement, including green manuring, plough deeply soil and dig and make high compartment Kuan Gou, make soil suitable for fruit by improvement
Tree growth;
(2) seedling planting is selected well developed root system and complete, cauline leaf health peach seedling, is soaked using lime sulfur complete stool
It takes out and air-dries after bubble, peach seedling is planted in high compartment position with seeding row spacing 2m × (3m-5m);Each 20-30cm of the wide depth of planting pit,
Peach seedling is put into and bankets after making root system in order;
(3) fertilizing management, field planting peach seedling applied organic fertilizer with 3200-4500kg per acre and adulterated before 10-15 days
45-55kg composite fertilizers as base manure, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium ratio be:(1-1.2):(0.35-0.45):(1.4-
1.5):(1.55-1.65):(0.3-0.35);From germination, 3 top dressings are carried out to peach seedling and are poured water;
(4) trimming and finishing, peach are planted using Y types, are done surely after peach field planting, beam length 55cm, two major branches
It with trunk at " Y " font, and repaiies except other branches on trunk, peach growth period, it is more than trunk diameter to trim diameter in time
The newborn branch of half;Trimming takes cutting back to be combined with thin delete;
(5) sick branches and leaves are removed in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, trimming;Trunk whitewashing before and after the Beginning of Winter;It is sprayed before spring rudiment
Bacterial nutrient solution.
Further, step (1) soil improvement is as follows:
A. green manuring:Soil lies fallow biennium using nonoculture Green manuring method, and First Year of lying fallow sows grass April
Wooden slippers, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, and sows Vicia sativa November, harvest Vicia sativa and crush, press March
Blueness is in soil of lying fallow;Second year of lying fallow sows daghestan sweet clover April, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, 11
Month sowing Vicia sativa, March harvest Vicia sativa and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow;
B. soil is ploughed deeply:Soil in step a is ploughed deeply, the soil deep tillage depth is 60-90cm;
C. it digs and makes high compartment Kuan Gou:With being divided into the strip that several width are 4.5m by the soil in step b, in every piece of strip
The inside outside excavating zanjon, and the soil of zanjon is equably layered on to every piece of strip ground form high compartment, the zanjon with it is high
Compartment equal length, by strip plane on the basis of ground level, the zanjon depth 30cm, the high high 30cm in compartment.
Preferably, the application rate of the daghestan sweet clover is 1.5-2kg/ mus, and the daghestan sweet clover line-spacing is 15-20cm, the grass
The spacing in the rows of wooden slippers is 5-10cm.
Preferably, the application rate of the Vicia sativa is 1.5-2kg/ mus, and the Vicia sativa line-spacing is 20-30cm, the hair
The spacing in the rows of sweet potato is 5-10cm.
Preferably, the soil deep tillage depth is 80cm.
Preferably, the wide 2m of the zanjon, the high wide 2.5m in compartment.
The present invention selects annual daghestan sweet clover and Vicia sativa crop rotation as green manure, and annual daghestan sweet clover is adaptable, has
Drought resisting, cold-resistant, salt tolerant and barren-resistant advantage, and with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, fast growing and high yield, due to its well developed root system, production root amount is very high, adds
Upper dry branches and fallen leaves remaining and soil, so soil with organic matter content can be significantly improved;Meanwhile the rhizobium of annual daghestan sweet clover
Very much, the nitrogen in air can be fixed, therefore improvement soil texture can be played the role of, is built up fertility.Vicia sativa root mass is flourishing,
Be thick with leaves, Vicia sativa root system and root nodule can leave a large amount of organic matter and nitrogen manure to soil, therefore with infertile field of improving the soil,
Effect of increasing production significantly acts on.
Further, step (3) fertilizing management carries out 3 top dressings to peach seedling and time for pouring water is respectively:
When germination length 5-10cm, pours water and carry out first time topdressing, the quick-acting fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed with every plant of 0.2-0.4kg
Material;Preceding second of top dressing is spent, the three element compound fertilizer based on potash fertilizer is imposed with every plant of 1-2kg;Late August to early September sits
10-15 days before fruit bagging, pours water and carry out third time top dressing, the quick-acting flushing and spreading fertilizers of high potassium are imposed with every plant of 0.4-0.55kg.
Further, 3 top dressings of step (3) fertilizing management, first time topdressing uses perforated method, i.e., in peach
The hole of 4-6 depth 13-15cm is dug under tree crown, and inserts fertilizer, watering;For the second time and third time top dressing uses radial canal method,
I.e. apart from peach trunk position 60cm, narrow outer width in 4-6 items is equably dug to tree crown periphery, interior shallow outer deep shallow ridges will be fertile
Material applies in ditch, and banketing, it is flat to cover, watering.Radial canal method, that is, radial ditching-fertilizing will mix thoroughly after fertilising with soil, and fertilizer point can be made deep
To 30~40cm, water after earthing.It is few that this fertilizing method hinders root, root system can be promoted to absorb.When applying fertilizer again, the position of ditch is answered
It is staggered.The root system optimum growh space enlargement of the peach of shallow root system is grown to naturally in this way, to greatly improve the degeneration-resistant of tree body
Property.
Further, which sets anti-grass cloth, leads to every time in soil surface bedding anti-grass cloth after fertilising
Gland and the isolation illumination of anti-grass cloth are crossed to inhibit weed growth, absorbs nutrition to ensure in peach growth course.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1. the method that compared with prior art, peach implantation methods provided by the invention use Cold region apple improves per acre
Peach plantation amount, while trunk is trimmed using Y types, the daylighting of branch and the uniformity up and down are improved, to improve each position peach
The pol of fruit is set, economic value is improved;Simultaneously as peach each position daylighting is consistent, the horizontal phase of sucrose accumulation, nutrient absorption
When, it is suitable with the nutrient quality of tree, the workload of fruit graded can be reduced, cost of labor is reduced.
2. soil improvement step is not planted in biennium of lying fallow different from conventional, but uses nonoculture Green manuring
Method, crop rotation daghestan sweet clover and Vicia sativa and the daghestan sweet clover of harvest and Vicia sativa are crushed, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, green manure is gone back into field
Buried raising soil with organic matter content.
2. the present invention ploughs deeply the soil after lying fallow, the underground raw-soil is rolled up to come, the buried underground of surface layer mellow soil, kind
It is convenient for fruit tree to absorb Soil Humus after planting fruit tree.
3. when raising fruit trees, the present invention is different from conventional level land plantation, is planted using the wide ditch in high compartment, is planted on high compartment
Fruit tree is planted, wide ditch plants shade tolerant crop, makes full use of soil, improves land utilization ratio, increases Business Economic Benefit;Using high compartment
Limit root raises fruit trees, and the fast-growth of k-index is conducive to fruit tree fruiting, improves fruit tree fruit yield;Zanjon is conducive to drain
With prevent damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging.
4. top dressing twice uses radial ditching-fertilizing, it is grown to the root system optimum growh of the peach of shallow root system naturally in this way
Space enlargement, to greatly improve the resistance of tree body.
5. peach plantation shakedown sets anti-grass cloth, pass through anti-grass cloth in soil surface bedding anti-grass cloth after fertilising every time
Gland and isolation illumination inhibit weed growth, to ensure in peach growth course absorb nutrition;And reduce continually people
Work weeding, efficiency are low and of high cost.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which those skilled in the art are better understood from the present invention, the present invention is made into one with reference to following embodiment
Step detailed description.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of peach implantation methods, include the following steps:
(1) soil improvement, including green manuring, plough deeply soil and dig and make high compartment Kuan Gou, make soil suitable for fruit by improvement
Tree growth;
(2) seedling planting is selected well developed root system and complete, cauline leaf health peach seedling, is soaked using lime sulfur complete stool
It takes out and air-dries after bubble, peach seedling is planted in high compartment position with seeding row spacing 2m × 4.5m;Each 22cm of the wide depth of planting pit, peach children
Seedling is put into and bankets after making root system in order;
(3) fertilizing management, field planting peach seedling applied organic fertilizer with 3500kg per acre and adulterated 47kg composite fertilizers before 12 days
As base manure, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium ratio be:1:0.4:1.5:1.5:0.3;From germination, peach seedling is carried out
It 3 top dressings and pours water;
(4) trimming and finishing, peach are planted using Y types, are done surely after peach field planting, beam length 55cm, two major branches
It with trunk at " Y " font, and repaiies except other branches on trunk, peach growth period, it is more than trunk diameter to trim diameter in time
The newborn branch of half;Trimming takes cutting back to be combined with thin delete;
(5) sick branches and leaves are removed in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, trimming;Trunk whitewashing before and after the Beginning of Winter;It is sprayed before spring rudiment
Bacterial nutrient solution.
Further, step (1) soil improvement is as follows:
A. green manuring:Soil lies fallow biennium using nonoculture Green manuring method, and First Year of lying fallow sows grass April
Wooden slippers, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, and sows Vicia sativa November, harvest Vicia sativa and crush, press March
Blueness is in soil of lying fallow;Second year of lying fallow sows daghestan sweet clover April, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, 11
Month sowing Vicia sativa, March harvest Vicia sativa and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow;Wherein the application rate of daghestan sweet clover is 1.5kg/ mus,
The daghestan sweet clover line-spacing is 15cm, and the spacing in the rows of the daghestan sweet clover is 5cm;The application rate of the Vicia sativa is 1.5kg/ mus, described
Vicia sativa line-spacing is 20cm, and the spacing in the rows of the Vicia sativa is 5cm.
B. soil is ploughed deeply:Soil in step a is ploughed deeply, soil deep tillage depth is 80cm.
C. it digs and makes high compartment Kuan Gou:With being divided into the strip that several width are 4.5m by the soil in step b, in every piece of strip
The inside outside excavating zanjon, and the soil of zanjon is equably layered on to every piece of strip ground form high compartment, the zanjon with it is high
Compartment equal length, the wide 2m of zanjon, the high wide 2.5m in compartment, by strip plane on the basis of ground level, the zanjon are deep
30cm, the high high 30cm in compartment.
Further, step (3) fertilizing management carries out 3 top dressings to peach seedling and time for pouring water is respectively:
When germination length 5cm, pours water and carry out first time topdressing, the quick-acting fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed with every plant of 0.2kg;Hua Qian
Secondary top dressing imposes the three element compound fertilizer based on potash fertilizer with every plant of 1.2kg;Late August bears fruit to early September before bagging
It 12 days, pours water and carries out third time top dressing, the quick-acting flushing and spreading fertilizers of high potassium are imposed with every plant of 0.4kg.
Further, 3 top dressings of step (3) fertilizing management, first time topdressing uses perforated method, i.e., in peach
The hole of 4 depth 13cm is dug under tree crown, and inserts fertilizer, watering;Second and third time top dressing using radial canal method, i.e., away from
From peach trunk position 60cm, narrow outer width in 4 is equably dug to tree crown periphery, fertilizer is applied ditch by interior shallow outer deep shallow ridges
Interior, banketing, it is flat to cover, watering.Radial canal method, that is, radial ditching-fertilizing will mix thoroughly after fertilising with soil, and fertilizer point can be made to be deep to 30cm,
It waters after earthing.It is few that this fertilizing method hinders root, root system can be promoted to absorb.When applying fertilizer again, the position of ditch should be staggered.So certainly
It is so grown to the root system optimum growh space enlargement of the peach of shallow root system, to greatly improve the resistance of tree body.
Further, which sets anti-grass cloth, leads to every time in soil surface bedding anti-grass cloth after fertilising
Gland and the isolation illumination of anti-grass cloth are crossed to inhibit weed growth, absorbs nutrition to ensure in peach growth course.
Embodiment 2
A kind of peach implantation methods, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
(1) soil improvement, including green manuring, plough deeply soil and dig and make high compartment Kuan Gou, make soil suitable for fruit by improvement
Tree growth;
(2) seedling planting is selected well developed root system and complete, cauline leaf health peach seedling, is soaked using lime sulfur complete stool
It takes out and air-dries after bubble, peach seedling is planted in high compartment position with seeding row spacing 2m × 4.5m;Each 25cm of the wide depth of planting pit, peach children
Seedling is put into and bankets after making root system in order;
(3) fertilizing management, field planting peach seedling applied organic fertilizer with 4000kg per acre and adulterated 50kg composite fertilizers before 15 days
As base manure, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium ratio be:1.1:0.4:1.5:1.6:0.32;From germination, to peach seedling
It carries out 3 top dressings and pours water;
(4) trimming and finishing, peach are planted using Y types, are done surely after peach field planting, beam length 55cm, two major branches
It with trunk at " Y " font, and repaiies except other branches on trunk, peach growth period, it is more than trunk diameter to trim diameter in time
The newborn branch of half;Trimming takes cutting back to be combined with thin delete;
(5) sick branches and leaves are removed in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, trimming;Trunk whitewashing before and after the Beginning of Winter;It is sprayed before spring rudiment
Bacterial nutrient solution.
Further, step (1) soil improvement is as follows:
A. green manuring:Soil lies fallow biennium using nonoculture Green manuring method, and First Year of lying fallow sows grass April
Wooden slippers, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, and sows Vicia sativa November, harvest Vicia sativa and crush, press March
Blueness is in soil of lying fallow;Second year of lying fallow sows daghestan sweet clover April, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, 11
Month sowing Vicia sativa, March harvest Vicia sativa and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow;Wherein the application rate of daghestan sweet clover is 1.7kg/ mus,
The daghestan sweet clover line-spacing is 16cm, and the spacing in the rows of the daghestan sweet clover is 10cm;The application rate of the Vicia sativa is 2kg/ mus, the hair
Sweet potato line-spacing is 30cm, and the spacing in the rows of the Vicia sativa is 5cm.
B. soil is ploughed deeply:Soil in step a is ploughed deeply, soil deep tillage depth is 70cm.
C. it digs and makes high compartment Kuan Gou:With being divided into the strip that several width are 4.5m by the soil in step b, in every piece of strip
The inside outside excavating zanjon, and the soil of zanjon is equably layered on to every piece of strip ground form high compartment, the zanjon with it is high
Compartment equal length, the wide 2m of zanjon, the high wide 2.5m in compartment, by strip plane on the basis of ground level, the zanjon are deep
30cm, the high high 30cm in compartment.
Further, step (3) fertilizing management carries out 3 top dressings to peach seedling and time for pouring water is respectively:
When germination length 8cm, pours water and carry out first time topdressing, the quick-acting fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed with every plant of 0.3kg;Hua Qian
Secondary top dressing imposes the three element compound fertilizer based on potash fertilizer with every plant of 1.5kg;Late August bears fruit to early September before bagging
It 14 days, pours water and carries out third time top dressing, the quick-acting flushing and spreading fertilizers of high potassium are imposed with every plant of 0.5kg.
Further, 3 top dressings of step (3) fertilizing management, first time topdressing uses perforated method, i.e., in peach
The hole of 5 depth 14cm is dug under tree crown, and inserts fertilizer, watering;Second and third time top dressing using radial canal method, i.e., away from
From peach trunk position 60cm, narrow outer width in 5 is equably dug to tree crown periphery, fertilizer is applied ditch by interior shallow outer deep shallow ridges
Interior, banketing, it is flat to cover, watering.Radial canal method, that is, radial ditching-fertilizing will mix thoroughly after fertilising with soil, and fertilizer point can be made to be deep to 35cm,
It waters after earthing.It is few that this fertilizing method hinders root, root system can be promoted to absorb.When applying fertilizer again, the position of ditch should be staggered.So certainly
It is so grown to the root system optimum growh space enlargement of the peach of shallow root system, to greatly improve the resistance of tree body.
Further, which sets anti-grass cloth, leads to every time in soil surface bedding anti-grass cloth after fertilising
Gland and the isolation illumination of anti-grass cloth are crossed to inhibit weed growth, absorbs nutrition to ensure in peach growth course.
Embodiment 3
A kind of peach implantation methods, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
(1) soil improvement, including green manuring, plough deeply soil and dig and make high compartment Kuan Gou, make soil suitable for fruit by improvement
Tree growth;
(2) seedling planting is selected well developed root system and complete, cauline leaf health peach seedling, is soaked using lime sulfur complete stool
It takes out and air-dries after bubble, peach seedling is planted in high compartment position with seeding row spacing 2m × 5m;Each 30cm of the wide depth of planting pit, peach seedling
It is put into and bankets after making root system in order;
(3) fertilizing management, field planting peach seedling applied organic fertilizer with 4300kg per acre and adulterated 55kg composite fertilizers before 15 days
As base manure, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium ratio be:1.2:0.45:1.5:1.65:0.35;From germination, to peach children
Seedling carries out 3 top dressings and pours water;
(4) trimming and finishing, peach are planted using Y types, are done surely after peach field planting, beam length 55cm, two major branches
It with trunk at " Y " font, and repaiies except other branches on trunk, peach growth period, it is more than trunk diameter to trim diameter in time
The newborn branch of half;Trimming takes cutting back to be combined with thin delete;
(5) sick branches and leaves are removed in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, trimming;Trunk whitewashing before and after the Beginning of Winter;It is sprayed before spring rudiment
Bacterial nutrient solution.
Further, step (1) soil improvement is as follows:
A. green manuring:Soil lies fallow biennium using nonoculture Green manuring method, and First Year of lying fallow sows grass April
Wooden slippers, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, and sows Vicia sativa November, harvest Vicia sativa and crush, press March
Blueness is in soil of lying fallow;Second year of lying fallow sows daghestan sweet clover April, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, 11
Month sowing Vicia sativa, March harvest Vicia sativa and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow;Wherein the application rate of daghestan sweet clover is 2kg/ mus, institute
It is 18cm to state daghestan sweet clover line-spacing, and the spacing in the rows of the daghestan sweet clover is 7cm;The application rate of the Vicia sativa is 1.5kg/ mus, the hair
Sweet potato line-spacing is 24cm, and the spacing in the rows of the Vicia sativa is 7cm.
B. soil is ploughed deeply:Soil in step a is ploughed deeply, soil deep tillage depth is 90cm.
C. it digs and makes high compartment Kuan Gou:With being divided into the strip that several width are 4.5m by the soil in step b, in every piece of strip
The inside outside excavating zanjon, and the soil of zanjon is equably layered on to every piece of strip ground form high compartment, the zanjon with it is high
Compartment equal length, the wide 2m of zanjon, the high wide 2.5m in compartment, by strip plane on the basis of ground level, the zanjon are deep
30cm, the high high 30cm in compartment.
Further, step (3) fertilizing management carries out 3 top dressings to peach seedling and time for pouring water is respectively:
When germination length 10cm, pours water and carry out first time topdressing, the quick-acting fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed with every plant of 0.4kg;Hua Qian
Second of top dressing imposes the three element compound fertilizer based on potash fertilizer with every plant of 2kg;Late August bears fruit to early September before bagging
It 15 days, pours water and carries out third time top dressing, the quick-acting flushing and spreading fertilizers of high potassium are imposed with every plant of 0.55kg.
Further, 3 top dressings of step (3) fertilizing management, first time topdressing uses perforated method, i.e., in peach
The hole of 6 depth 15cm is dug under tree crown, and inserts fertilizer, watering;Second and third time top dressing using radial canal method, i.e., away from
From peach trunk position 60cm, narrow outer width in 6 is equably dug to tree crown periphery, fertilizer is applied ditch by interior shallow outer deep shallow ridges
Interior, banketing, it is flat to cover, watering.Radial canal method, that is, radial ditching-fertilizing will mix thoroughly after fertilising with soil, and fertilizer point can be made to be deep to 40cm,
It waters after earthing.It is few that this fertilizing method hinders root, root system can be promoted to absorb.When applying fertilizer again, the position of ditch should be staggered.So certainly
It is so grown to the root system optimum growh space enlargement of the peach of shallow root system, to greatly improve the resistance of tree body.
Further, which sets anti-grass cloth, leads to every time in soil surface bedding anti-grass cloth after fertilising
Gland and the isolation illumination of anti-grass cloth are crossed to inhibit weed growth, absorbs nutrition to ensure in peach growth course.
Check experiment
Respectively with embodiment 1-3 and existing implantation methods (comparative example 1) and existing Cold region apple method (comparative example 2)
Plantation result compare, with 50 for radix, in 1 rhizome amount ratio of survival rate, rhizome amount and comparative example (rhizome amount ratio), branch
Scapus is thick, the same year result quantities, bears fruit the time for the first time and disease conditions compare, result such as following table:
By comparing discovery:By soil improvement step, green manure is returned into the buried raising soil with organic matter content in field;It lies fallow
Soil afterwards is ploughed deeply, and the underground raw-soil is rolled up to come, the buried underground of surface layer mellow soil, is convenient for fruit tree absorbent earth after raising fruit trees
Humus in earth.It is laid with anti-grass cloth, reduces weeds, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces usage amount;Coordinate the trimming of Y types, Cold region apple
It plants, the peach fruit bearing rate planted on soil of the invention improves 33.3%.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, patent protection model of the invention
It encloses and is subject to claims, equivalent structure variation made by every description with the present invention should all include similarly
Within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of peach implantation methods, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
(1) soil improvement, including green manuring, plough deeply soil and dig and make high compartment Kuan Gou, so that soil is given birth to suitable for fruit tree by improvement
It is long;
(2) seedling planting selects well developed root system and complete, cauline leaf health peach seedling, after being impregnated using lime sulfur complete stool
It takes out and air-dries, peach seedling is planted in high compartment position with seeding row spacing 2m × (3m-5m);Each 20-30cm of the wide depth of planting pit, peach
Seedling is put into and bankets after making root system in order;
(3) fertilizing management, field planting peach seedling applied organic fertilizer with 3200-4500kg per acre and adulterated 45- before 10-15 days
55kg composite fertilizers as base manure, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium ratio be:(1-1.2):(0.35-0.45):(1.4-1.5):
(1.55-1.65):(0.3-0.35);From germination, 3 top dressings are carried out to peach seedling and are poured water;
(4) trimming and finishing, peach are planted using Y types, are done surely after peach field planting, beam length 55cm, two major branches and master
" Y " font is done into, and is repaiied except other branches on trunk, peach growth period, it is more than trunk diameter half to trim diameter in time
Newborn branch;Trimming takes cutting back to be combined with thin delete;
(5) sick branches and leaves are removed in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, winter clear garden, trimming;Trunk whitewashing before and after the Beginning of Winter;Bacterium battalion is sprayed before spring rudiment
Nutrient solution.
2. a kind of peach implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The tool of step (1) soil improvement
Steps are as follows for body:
A. green manuring:Soil lies fallow biennium using nonoculture Green manuring method, and First Year of lying fallow sows vegetation April
Sweet-scented osmanthus, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow, and sows Vicia sativa November, harvest Vicia sativa and crush, green manuring March
In soil of lying fallow;Lie fallow second year in April sow daghestan sweet clover, September harvest daghestan sweet clover and crush, green manuring is soil of lying fallow, November
Sow Vicia sativa, March harvest Vicia sativa and crush, green manuring is in soil of lying fallow;
B. soil is ploughed deeply:Soil in step A is ploughed deeply, the soil deep tillage depth is 60-90cm;
C. it digs and makes high compartment Kuan Gou:With being divided into the strip that several width are 4.5m by the soil in step b, in every piece of strip
Zanjon is excavated in side, and the outside that the soil of zanjon is equably layered on to every piece of strip ground forms high compartment, and the zanjon and high compartment are long
Spend equal, by strip plane on the basis of ground level, the zanjon depth 30cm, the high high 30cm in compartment.
3. a kind of peach implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step (3) fertilizing management, to peach
Tree seedling carries out 3 top dressings and time for pouring water is respectively:When germination length 5-10cm, pours water and carry out first time topdressing, with
Every plant of 0.2-0.4kg imposes the quick-acting fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer;Preceding second of top dressing is spent, is imposed with every plant of 1-2kg and is with potash fertilizer
Main three element compound fertilizer;Late August to early September bears fruit before bagging 10-15 days, pours water and carries out third time top dressing, with
Every plant of 0.4-0.55kg imposes the quick-acting flushing and spreading fertilizers of high potassium.
4. a kind of peach implantation methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:3 times of step (3) fertilizing management
Top dressing, first time topdressing use perforated method, i.e., under peach tree crown dig 4-6 depth 13-15cm hole, and insert fertilizer,
Watering;Second and third time top dressing using radial canal method, i.e., apart from peach trunk position 60cm, equably to tree crown periphery
Narrow outer width in 4-6 items is dug, interior shallow outer deep shallow ridges applies fertilizer in ditch, and banketing, it is flat to cover, watering.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109197083A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of method of peach summer pruning branch leaf returning to the field |
CN109937786A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-28 | 武汉市新洲区林业科技推广中心 | A kind of Labor-saving cultivation method of peach |
CN113099930A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-13 | 湖北绿岗山农业科技开发有限公司 | Y-shaped planting method for peach trees |
CN114175961A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-15 | 句容市秀林生态农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving peach tree yield |
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CN104996259A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-28 | 吴伦忠 | Cultivation management method for Nanfeng tangerine oranges |
CN107094581A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-29 | 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of yellow peach tree |
CN107801592A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-03-16 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A kind of method that alkaline land soil is improved using Vicia sativa |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104996259A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-28 | 吴伦忠 | Cultivation management method for Nanfeng tangerine oranges |
CN107094581A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-29 | 合肥仙之峰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of yellow peach tree |
CN107801592A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-03-16 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | A kind of method that alkaline land soil is improved using Vicia sativa |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109197083A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of method of peach summer pruning branch leaf returning to the field |
CN109937786A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-28 | 武汉市新洲区林业科技推广中心 | A kind of Labor-saving cultivation method of peach |
CN113099930A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-13 | 湖北绿岗山农业科技开发有限公司 | Y-shaped planting method for peach trees |
CN114175961A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-15 | 句容市秀林生态农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving peach tree yield |
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