CN108491992A - A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model - Google Patents
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It regulates and stores Optimal Operation Model the invention discloses a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy, the present invention establishes the cold and hot co-feeding system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy and regulates and stores Optimized Operation mathematical model, and variance is powered as target to minimize economic cost and minimize power grid；Have studied energy scheduling modes of the CCHP under two kinds of operating modes of summer cooling and Winter heat supply；Economic conversion factor is introduced in model, converts multiple-objection optimization to single-object problem；It contributes for the prediction of photovoltaic unit, the randomness and uncertainty that load prediction has, its energy-balance equation is indicated in the form of probability constraints.The present invention can effectively improve the efficiency of energy utilization of terminal user, alleviates the contradiction of regional power grid energy supply and demand, promotes the on-site elimination of distribution type renewable energy, moreover it is possible to utmostly realize the peak load shifting of regional power grid.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of cold containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy the present invention relates to Operation of Electric Systems analysis and control technology field
Cogeneration system peak regulation is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model.
Technical background
Cooling heating and power generation system (combined cooling, heating and power, CCHP) is following distributed
One of the important directions of Main way and form and third generation in the world the energy technology development of energy development.CCHP is established
On the basis of cascaded utilization of energy, using primary energy drive electrical power generators, then by a variety of waste heat utilization equipments recycling more than
Heat improves energy utilization rate, realizes lower energy cost, higher safety and the better feature of environmental protection.Develop CCHP's
Meaning is three aspects：First, improving using energy source, Optimization of Energy Structure；Second, mitigating environmental pollution, realize sustainable
Development；Third, power industry revolution, the demand of safe peak regulation.Therefore, CCHP has become the research hotspot of domestic and foreign scholars.Mesh
Before, China has carried out the largely theoretical research about CCHP, and mostly is building demonstration project.Nascent state city in Tianjin
It is directed to the strategic engineering improved the ecological environment, promoted a conservation culture, which is the energy of various energy resources comprehensive utilization
Demonstrative project.Nascent state city animation garden energy source station is located at a branch north side in animation garden in Tianjin, and collection is provided for entire animation garden
Middle cold and heat source.Energy centre realizes its energy supply using cold, heat and electricity triple supply combination water cold storage (heat).Wherein, energy accumulating technique
May be implemented power grid " peak load shifting ", balanced electricity consumption purpose.Therefore, rational energy scheduling strategy how is formulated, with abundant
The economy of energy source station and the peak regulation Regulation capacity of energy storage system are played, there is important research significance.
Invention content
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy of cooling heating and power generation system is excellent
Change scheduling model, it is made to effectively improve the efficiency of energy utilization of terminal user, alleviate the contradiction of regional power grid energy supply and demand, promotees
Into the on-site elimination of distribution type renewable energy, the peak load shifting of regional power grid is utmostly realized.
In order to realize that above-mentioned target, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model, is included the following steps：
Step 1 determines equipment and energy supply mode that CCHP is used；
CCHP use equipment include：Gas internal combustion electric generator group, photovoltaic unit, electrical chillers, ground source heat pump machine
Group, fume hot-water type bromine cooling machine, water cold storage tank, water heat-accumulator tank；
Energy supply mode includes：Power grid, natural gas, solar energy；
Step 2 establishes CCHP summer coolings mathematical model and CCHP Winter heat supply mathematical models, while establishing each equipment
Mathematical model；
Step 3, establishes the Optimal Operation Model that CCHP peak regulations are regulated and stored, and Optimal Operation Model is as follows：
The elementary object of CCHP optimization operations is reasonable employment electric energy and natural gas resource, to realize that energy source station economy is transported
Row；With the minimum object function of CCHP operating costs, it is represented by：
In formula：T is energy source station dispatching cycle；keFor time-of-use tariffs；kgFor natural gas unit price.
Accumulation of energy is regulated and stored to peak load regulation network and is played an important role, and low electricity price when using paddy drives energy storage system accumulation of energy,
Energy storage system releases energy when peak, to extenuate the peak-valley difference of electric load, while also reducing the operating cost of system.With
Electric system " peak load shifting " is target, and object function is：
In formula：For day part municipal administration power grid power supply average value；
Method by introducing economic conversion factor, converts multiple target to single goal, as follows：
F=f1+ωf2；
Step 4, using the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error.
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy above-mentioned is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model, step 2,
When founding mathematical models, it is assumed that condition is：
The CCHP systems are connected with municipal power grid, municipal power grid to CCHP system power supplies be unidirectional, CCHP
The electric energy that system generates is served only for using by oneself；
The efficiency hypothesis of CCHP devices in system is constant, and environment influences can be neglected on it.
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy above-mentioned is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model,
CCHP summer cooling mathematical models are described in detail below：
Electric load is supplied by municipal power grid in building, and refrigeration duty is mainly by CCHP systematically source heat pump unit, absorption system
Cold group and water cold storage supply, vacancy part is supplied by electrical chillers；Wherein, electrical chillers are powered by municipal power grid,
Earth source heat pump unit is generated electricity by gas internal combustion electric generator group or municipal power grid supply, combustion gas internal combustion while being generated waste heat, the part
It can be utilized by Absorption Refrigerator after waste heat recovery, generate the cold energy of needs；
Photovoltaic unit
The prediction of photovoltaic unit is contributed related with its photovoltaic cell plate suqare and irradiation intensity：
In formula：It predicts to contribute for photovoltaic unit；ηpvFor solar cell plate efficiency；S is battery plate suqare；For list
Plane accumulates intensity of illumination；
Gas internal-combustion engine group
CCHP system generator groups select gas internal combustion electric generator, and power generation is driven using the power that combustion of natural gas generates
Machine generates electricity, and the electric power sent out is not incorporated in power grid, is served only for fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula air conditioner and subsidiary engine and earth source heat pump
Unit and its subsidiary engine, are represented by：
In formula：For t period gas internal-combustion engine generated energy；For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit power consumption；For
Absorption Refrigerator power consumption；
Because fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula refrigeration machine mainly utilize thermal energy, thus its power consumption be mainly used for it is auxiliary to its
Machine is powered,Compared toIts value very little can be neglected；Gas internal combustion electric generator group consumes amount of natural gas and heat
Yield is respectively：
In formula：Amount of natural gas is consumed for gas internal-combustion engine；ηpguFor gas internal-combustion engine group efficiency；For recuperation of heat amount；
ηrFor heat recovery efficiency；
Electrical chillers
The refrigerating capacity of electrical chillers is directly proportional to its electric energy input quantity：
In formula：The cold energy generated for electric refrigerating machine；It is power grid to the power supply volume of electric refrigerating machine；COPecIt is made for electricity
The coefficient of performance of cold；
Earth source heat pump unit
Earth source heat pump unit converts low-grade electric energy to high-grade cold energy or thermal energy, and the energy generated is available
In directly supply refrigeration duty, it can also be used to store, be expressed as：
In formula：For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit semen donors；For cold storage capacity；For from municipal power grid to
The power supply volume of earth source heat pump unit；For from gas internal-combustion engine to earth source heat pump power supply volume；COPgshp,cFor earth source heat pump system
The cold coefficient of performance；It is 0-1 variables to indicate the quantity of state of earth source heat pump cooling,Indicate that earth source heat pump supplies
It is cold；For the earth source heat pump cooling upper limit；
Water cold storage
The energy of water cold storage tank storage should be taken into account energy storage system thermal loss from the confession of earth source heat pump unit,
Accumulation of energy amount is represented by：
In formula：For the cold storage capacity of t period cold-storage apparatus；ηSTFor heat loss factor；For cold-storage apparatus release
Cold energy；For indicate cold-storage apparatus operating status 0-1 variables,It indicates that water cold storage equipment is in store
Cold state,Indicate that water cold storage equipment is in release cold energy state；
Fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula handpiece Water Chilling Units；
When generating set is run, the heat source first with the waste heat of generating set as absorption machine, supply section is cold
Can, the refrigerating capacity of absorption refrigeration unit is directly proportional to its thermal energy input quantity：
In formula：For the semen donors of Absorption Refrigerator；COPam,cFor the Absorption Refrigerator coefficient of performance.
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy above-mentioned is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model, CCHP winters
It is described in detail below for thermal mathematic model：
The heat of CCHP Winter heat supply mathematical models is mainly derived from earth source heat pump unit direct heating, exhaust-heat absorption machine supplies
Heat and accumulation of energy slot heat release；
Earth source heat pump unit
In formula：For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit heating load；For amount of stored heat；COPgshp,hFor earth source heat pump
Coefficient of performance in heating；It is 0-1 variables to indicate the quantity of state of earth source heat pump direct heating,Indicate ground source
Heat pump heat supply；For the earth source heat pump heat supply upper limit.
Water accumulation of heat
In formula：For the amount of stored heat of t period thermal storage equipments；For thermal storage equipment heat release amount；To indicate
The 0-1 variables of the operating status of thermal storage equipment,Indicate that water thermal storage equipment is in heat storage state,Indicate that water stores
Heat is in heat release state；
Residual heat type absorption type refrigeration unit
In formula：For the heating load of absorption type refrigeration machine；COPam,hFor the absorption type refrigeration machine coefficient of performance；
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy above-mentioned is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model, containing photovoltaic and
The CCHP peak regulations of accumulation of energy regulate and store Optimal Operation Model constraints include two classes：First, hot and cold, electric flux Constraints of Equilibrium；
Second is that the physical constraint of each equipment of energy source station；
Electric energy balance constraint is represented by：
In formula：For energy source station power budget；
Refrigeration duty Constraints of Equilibrium is represented by：
In formula：For energy source station refrigeration duty；
Heat load balance constraint is represented by：
In formula：For energy source station thermic load.
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy above-mentioned is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model, and step 4 is adopted
With the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error；
The form for the expression formula probability constraints that electric energy balance constraint, refrigeration duty Constraints of Equilibrium, heat load balance are constrained
It is expressed as：
In formula：α, β, γ are the confidence level that probability constraints are set up；
Assuming that photovoltaic power generation output forecasting, load prediction error Normal Distribution, above formula can be converted into：
Wherein：
In formula：μ, σ indicate expected value and standard deviation respectively；zα、zβ、zγFor α, β, γ quantile of standardized normal distribution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that：
CCHP energy air conditioning, heat, electricity, the reasonable distribution of resource are conducive to the economical operation of system；
CCHP systems containing accumulation of energy can the accumulation of energy in paddy, released at peak can, by day part power grid power variance minimum equivalent
It regulates and stores for peak regulation, introduces economic conversion factor, convert multiple-objection optimization to single-object problem, realize power grid " peak clipping
The effect of Fill valley "；
Using the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error, ensure that renewable
The energy accesses the reliability of system call decision under background, and decision-making foundation is provided for dispatcher.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of CCHP systems of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is summer electric load and refrigeration duty；
Fig. 3 is that summer electric energy supplies scheduling result；
Fig. 4 is that summer cold energy supplies scheduling result；
Fig. 5 is winter electric load, thermic load curve；
Fig. 6 is that winter electric energy supplies scheduling result；
Fig. 7 is that winter thermal energy supplies scheduling result.
Specific implementation mode
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy is regulated and stored Optimal Operation Model, is included the following steps：
Step 1 determines equipment and energy supply mode that CCHP is used；
As shown in Figure 1, the equipment that CCHP is used includes：Gas internal combustion electric generator group, photovoltaic unit, electrical chillers,
Source heat pump unit, fume hot-water type bromine cooling machine, water cold storage tank, the other ancillary equipments of water heat-accumulator tank；
Energy supply mode includes：Power grid, natural gas, solar energy；
Accurate model is established, is the primary premise for carrying out optimization analysis and scheduling.
Subordinate list 1CCHP system equipment parameters
Step 2 establishes CCHP summer coolings mathematical model and CCHP Winter heat supply mathematical models, while establishing each equipment
Mathematical model；
When establishing system model, the present invention makes the following assumptions：
The CCHP systems are connected with municipal power grid, and according to the existing regulation in China, compact electrical generating systems are grid-connected not to surf the Internet.This
Mean that municipal power grid is unidirectional to CCHP system power supplies, the electric energy that CCHP systems generate is served only for using by oneself；
The efficiency hypothesis of CCHP devices in system is constant, and environment influences can be neglected on it.
GEOPF models are in step 2：
CCHP summer cooling mathematical models
In the past since oil starvation lacks gas, quite a few relies on power supply for city air-conditioning, Cai Re and hot water, which results in
Supply falls short of demand for electric power.Especially in summer, the use of electric air-conditioning causes huge impact to power grid.Electricity refrigeration does not only result in
The construction of a large amount of fired power generating units, more results in power grid peak-valley difference and tends to increase, power supply pressure aggravation.It is commonly encountered and operates a switch when summer
It rations the power supply, has seriously affected the daily life of resident.CCHP systems can reduce air-conditioning while power supply, adopt hot electricity consumption, stabilize the summer
Season electric load peak-valley difference, to save electric power play an important roll.
It will be seen from figure 1 that electric load is supplied by municipal power grid in summer building construction, refrigeration duty is mainly by CCHP systems
System earth source heat pump unit, absorption refrigeration unit and water cold storage supply, vacancy part is supplied by electrical chillers.Wherein, electric
Refrigeration unit is powered by municipal power grid, and earth source heat pump unit is supplied by gas internal combustion electric generator group or municipal power grid, combustion gas internal combustion
It generates electricity while generating waste heat, can be utilized by Absorption Refrigerator after part of waste heat recycling, generate the cold energy of needs.
1) photovoltaic unit
The prediction of photovoltaic unit is contributed related with its photovoltaic cell plate suqare and irradiation intensity：
In formula：It predicts to contribute for photovoltaic unit；ηpvFor solar cell plate efficiency；S is battery plate suqare；For
Unit area intensity of illumination.
2) gas internal-combustion engine group
CCHP system generator groups select gas internal combustion electric generator, and power generation is driven using the power that combustion of natural gas generates
Machine generates electricity, and the electric power sent out is not incorporated in power grid, is served only for fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula air conditioner and subsidiary engine and earth source heat pump
Unit and its subsidiary engine, are represented by：
In formula：For t period gas internal-combustion engine generated energy；For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit power consumption；
For Absorption Refrigerator power consumption.
Because fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula refrigeration machine mainly utilize thermal energy, thus its power consumption be mainly used for it is auxiliary to its
Machine is powered,Compared toIts value very little can be neglected.Gas internal combustion electric generator group consumes amount of natural gas and heat
Yield is respectively：
In formula：Amount of natural gas is consumed for gas internal-combustion engine；ηpguFor gas internal-combustion engine group efficiency；For recuperation of heat
Amount；ηrFor heat recovery efficiency.
3) electrical chillers
The refrigerating capacity of electrical chillers is directly proportional to its electric energy input quantity：
In formula：The cold energy generated for electric refrigerating machine；It is power grid to the power supply volume of electric refrigerating machine；COPecIt is made for electricity
The coefficient of performance of cold.
4) earth source heat pump unit
Earth source heat pump unit converts low-grade electric energy to high-grade cold energy or thermal energy, and the energy generated is available
In directly supply refrigeration duty, it can also be used to store, be expressed as：
In formula：For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit semen donors；For cold storage capacity；For from municipal power grid to
The power supply volume of earth source heat pump unit；For from gas internal-combustion engine to earth source heat pump power supply volume； COPgshp,cFor earth source heat pump system
The cold coefficient of performance；It is 0-1 variables to indicate the quantity of state of earth source heat pump cooling,Indicate earth source heat pump
Cooling；For the earth source heat pump cooling upper limit.
5) water cold storage
The energy of water cold storage tank storage should be taken into account energy storage system thermal loss from the confession of earth source heat pump unit,
Accumulation of energy amount is represented by：
In formula：For the cold storage capacity of t period cold-storage apparatus；ηSTFor heat loss factor；It is discharged for cold-storage apparatus
Cold energy；For indicate cold-storage apparatus operating status 0-1 variables,Indicate that water cold storage is set
It is standby to be in cold-storage state,Indicate that water cold storage equipment is in release cold energy state.
As can be seen that formula (12) expression does not allow earth source heat pump cooling and cold-storage simultaneously, and formula (13) indicates cold-storage apparatus
Cannot simultaneously accumulation of energy and exoergic.Energy storage device accumulation of energy amount should remain unchanged before and after formula (9) indicates dispatching cycle.
6) fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula handpiece Water Chilling Units
When generating set is run, the heat source first with the waste heat of generating set as absorption machine, supply section is cold
Energy.The refrigerating capacity of absorption refrigeration unit is directly proportional to its thermal energy input quantity：
In formula：For the semen donors of Absorption Refrigerator；COPam,cFor the Absorption Refrigerator coefficient of performance.
CCHP Winter heat supply mathematical models
It is similar with summer cooling, winter hot air-conditioning, heating equipment electricity needs can aggravate electric system peak-valley difference.
It is saved while CCHP systems can power in winter and adopts hot electricity consumption, stabilize winter electric load peak-valley difference.It will be seen from figure 1 that
CCHP system Winter heat supplies are mainly derived from earth source heat pump unit direct heating, the heat supply of exhaust-heat absorption machine and accumulation of energy slot heat release.
1) earth source heat pump unit
In formula：For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit heating load；For amount of stored heat；COPgshp,hFor earth source heat pump
Coefficient of performance in heating；It is 0-1 variables to indicate the quantity of state of earth source heat pump direct heating,Indicate ground
Source heat pump heat supply；For the earth source heat pump heat supply upper limit.
2) water accumulation of heat
In formula：For the amount of stored heat of t period thermal storage equipments；For thermal storage equipment heat release amount；To indicate
The 0-1 variables of the operating status of thermal storage equipment,Indicate that water thermal storage equipment is in heat storage state,Indicate that water stores
Heat is in heat release state.
3) residual heat type absorption type refrigeration unit
In formula：For the heating load of absorption type refrigeration machine；COPam,hFor the absorption type refrigeration machine coefficient of performance.
Step 3, establishes the Optimal Operation Model that CCHP peak regulations are regulated and stored, and Optimal Operation Model is as follows：
The elementary object of CCHP optimization operations is reasonable employment electric energy and natural gas resource, to realize that energy source station economy is transported
Row；With the minimum object function of CCHP operating costs, it is represented by：
The elementary object of CCHP optimization operations is reasonable employment electric energy and natural gas resource, to realize that energy source station economy is transported
Row.With the minimum object function of CCHP operating costs, it is represented by：
In formula：T is energy source station dispatching cycle；keFor time-of-use tariffs；kgFor natural gas unit price.
Accumulation of energy is regulated and stored to peak load regulation network and is played an important role, and low electricity price when using paddy drives energy storage system accumulation of energy,
Energy storage system releases energy when peak, to extenuate the peak-valley difference of electric load, while also reducing the operating cost of system.With
Electric system " peak load shifting " is target, and object function is：
In formula：For day part municipal administration power grid power supply average value；
Variance minimum is powered come the influence of equivalent " peak load shifting ", in addition, having in the model using power grid day part herein
Multiple object functions, and its dimension is inconsistent, method of the present invention by introducing economic conversion factor converts multiple target to
Single goal, it is as follows：
F=f1+ωf2 (26)。
CCHP can reasonable distribution electric energy and natural gas resource, realized under the premise of meeting hot and cold, electric load economical high
Effect operation；In addition, economize on electricity net peak-valley difference is exchanged in the accumulation of energy in system, the flexibility for enhancing Operation of Electric Systems has important work
With.Therefore, the Optimal Operation Model that CCHP peak regulations are regulated and stored should be established, guidance foundation is provided for energy source station dispatcher.
Step 4, using the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error.
CCHP peak regulations containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy regulate and store Optimal Operation Model constraints include 2 classes：First, hot and cold, electric
The Constraints of Equilibrium of energy；Second is that the physical constraint of each equipment of energy source station.
Electric energy balance constraint is represented by：
In formula：For energy source station power budget.
Refrigeration duty Constraints of Equilibrium is represented by：
In formula：For energy source station refrigeration duty.
Heat load balance constraint is represented by：
In formula：For energy source station thermic load.
For summer cooling, formula (1)-(14) should be met, for Winter heat supply, should meet formula (1)-(4) and
(15)-(23)；In addition, should also meet each place capacity constraint.
The model of step 4 is described in detail below：
In fact, intensity of illumination is obtained according to prediction, usually and actual conditions are there are deviation, thus photovoltaic unit
Contributing has randomness and does not know.In addition, hot and cold, the electric load in garden are also difficult to Accurate Prediction.
Formula (27)-(29) are represented by with the form of probability constraints：
In formula：α, β, γ are the confidence level that probability constraints are set up.
Assuming that photovoltaic power generation output forecasting, load prediction error Normal Distribution, above formula can be converted into：
Wherein：
In formula：μ, σ indicate expected value and standard deviation respectively；zα、zβ、zγFor α, β, γ quantile of standardized normal distribution.
In order to preferably prove that beneficial effects of the present invention, the present invention are to grind with nascent state city energy source station CCHP in Tianjin
Study carefully object and carries out sample calculation analysis.
The energy source station total service building area about 238000m2, station overall floorage 4157m2.Energy source station year is for cold day
Number about 153 days, from May 1 to September 30 days, year refrigeration capacity reach 9490GJ.Year heat supply number of days about 151 days, from November 1 to
Always 7210GJ was reached for thermal capacity March 11.The CCHP systems studied herein include mainly 2 electrical chillers, 2 ground source heats
Pump assembly, 4 water tanks, 1 gas internal-combustion engine group, 1 absorption refrigeration unit, major parameter such as subordinate list 1.Electricity price is adopted
With Tianjin time-of-use tariffs, 6 when peak：00-21：00 is 1.33$/kWh, 1 when paddy：00-5：00,22：00-24：00 is 0.41
$/kWh, Gas Prices 0.193$/kWh.
CCHP system summer cooling peak regulations Optimized Operation strategy of regulating and storing is studied first, Ji of learning from else's experience in example conversion
Coefficient ω=0.1, confidence level α=β=γ=0.95.Design day summer in animation garden is calculated using EnergyPlus softwares
Electric load and refrigeration duty curve, as shown in figure attached drawing 1.There are two electric load peak periods in garden, respectively 11：00 and 16：
00, dinner hour electric load declines, for refrigeration duty, 1： 00-6：00 and 20：00-24：00 without refrigeration duty, the period
Interior building construction stops cooling.
Assuming that it is it is expected that intensity of illumination, load prediction, which are obeyed with predicted value, 5% predicted value is the normal state of standard deviation
Distribution.The CCHP peak regulations containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy that the present invention is established regulate and store Optimal Operation Model as quadratic programming problem, are based on
GAMS platforms are solved using Quadratic Programming Solution device CPLEX.
Optimized Operation result provides in attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, wherein attached drawing 2 indicate each equipment of energy source station power consumption with
And the power supply volume of power grid day part, attached drawing 3 indicate the semen donors of each equipment of energy source station.As can be seen that power grid in preceding 6 periods
Power supply is mainly used for meeting electrical load requirement and driving earth source heat pump, the cold energy that earth source heat pump generates in building and is stored for water
Cold storage, until discharging cold energy with cold peak period.In cooling peak period, main cold energy from Absorption Refrigerator and
Earth source heat pump, but because of its capacity limit, vacancy part is supplied by electric refrigerating machine, it is possible thereby to realize economical operation and " peak clipping
The purpose of Fill valley ".
Similar, CCHP system Winter heat supply situations are analyzed；Attached drawing 4 is winter electric load, thermic load curve.
Different from Load in Summer, there is thermic load in day part, this is because needing to supply certain thermal energy in building construction to maintain
Room temperature in building, it is too low to be not temperature.
The power consumption and heating load that each equipment winter can be obtained again by Optimization Solution, such as attached drawing 5 and attached drawing 6.
It can learn that CCHP energy air conditioning, heat, electricity, the reasonable distribution of resource are conducive to system by analysis above
Economical operation；CCHP systems containing accumulation of energy can the accumulation of energy in paddy, released at peak can, day part power grid power supply variance is minimum
It is equivalent to peak regulation to regulate and store, introduces economic conversion factor, convert multiple-objection optimization to single-object problem, realize power grid
The effect of " peak load shifting "；Using the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error, protect
The reliability for having demonstrate,proved system call decision under regenerative resource access background, decision-making foundation is provided for dispatcher.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the invention is not limited in any way above-described embodiment, all to be obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
Technical solution is all fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- The Optimal Operation Model 1. a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy is regulated and stored, which is characterized in thatInclude the following steps：Step 1 determines equipment and energy supply mode that CCHP is used；CCHP use equipment include：Gas internal combustion electric generator group, photovoltaic unit, electrical chillers, earth source heat pump unit, flue gas Hot-water type bromine cooling machine, water cold storage tank, water heat-accumulator tank；Energy supply mode includes：Power grid, natural gas, solar energy；Step 2 establishes CCHP summer coolings mathematical model and CCHP Winter heat supply mathematical models, while establishing the number of each equipment Learn model；Step 3, establishes the Optimal Operation Model that CCHP peak regulations are regulated and stored, and Optimal Operation Model is as follows：Object functionThe elementary object of CCHP optimization operations is reasonable employment electric energy and natural gas resource, to realize energy source station economical operation；With The minimum object function of CCHP operating costs, is represented by：In formula：T is energy source station dispatching cycle；keFor time-of-use tariffs；kgFor natural gas unit price.Accumulation of energy is regulated and stored to peak load regulation network and is played an important role, and low electricity price when using paddy drives energy storage system accumulation of energy, at peak Energy storage system releases energy, and to extenuate the peak-valley difference of electric load, while also reducing the operating cost of system.With power train " peak load shifting " is united as target, object function is：In formula：For day part municipal administration power grid power supply average value；Method by introducing economic conversion factor, converts multiple target to single goal, as follows：F=f1+ωf2；Step 4, using the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error.
- The Optimized Operation mould 2. a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy according to claim 1 is regulated and stored Type, which is characterized in that step 2, in founding mathematical models, it is assumed that condition is：The CCHP systems are connected with municipal power grid, and municipal power grid is electricity unidirectional, that CCHP systems generate to CCHP system power supplies It can be served only for using by oneself；The efficiency hypothesis of CCHP devices in system is constant, and environment influences can be neglected on it.
- The Optimized Operation mould 3. a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy according to claim 2 is regulated and stored Type, which is characterized in thatAbove-mentioned CCHP summer coolings mathematical model is described in detail below：Electric load is supplied by municipal power grid in building, and refrigeration duty is mainly by CCHP systematically source heat pump unit, Absorption Refrigerator Group and water cold storage supply, vacancy part is supplied by electrical chillers；Wherein, electrical chillers are powered by municipal power grid, ground source Heat pump unit is generated electricity by gas internal combustion electric generator group or municipal power grid supply, combustion gas internal combustion while being generated waste heat, the part of waste heat It can be utilized by Absorption Refrigerator after recycling, generate the cold energy of needs；Photovoltaic unitThe prediction of photovoltaic unit is contributed related with its photovoltaic cell plate suqare and irradiation intensity：In formula：It predicts to contribute for photovoltaic unit；ηpvFor solar cell plate efficiency；S is battery plate suqare；For unit face Product intensity of illumination；Gas internal-combustion engine groupCCHP system generator groups select gas internal combustion electric generator, drive generator to send out using the power that combustion of natural gas generates Electricity, the electric power sent out are not incorporated in power grid, are served only for fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula air conditioner and subsidiary engine and earth source heat pump unit And its subsidiary engine, it is represented by：In formula：For t period gas internal-combustion engine generated energy；For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit power consumption；To absorb Formula refrigeration machine power consumption；Because fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula refrigeration machine mainly utilizes thermal energy, thus its power consumption is mainly used for supplying to its subsidiary engine Electricity,Compared toIts value very little can be neglected；Gas internal combustion electric generator group consumes amount of natural gas and recuperation of heat amount Respectively：In formula：Amount of natural gas is consumed for gas internal-combustion engine；ηpguFor gas internal-combustion engine group efficiency；For recuperation of heat amount；ηrFor Heat recovery efficiency；Electrical chillersThe refrigerating capacity of electrical chillers is directly proportional to its electric energy input quantity：In formula：The cold energy generated for electric refrigerating machine；It is power grid to the power supply volume of electric refrigerating machine；COPecFor electric refrigerating machine The coefficient of performance；Earth source heat pump unitEarth source heat pump unit converts low-grade electric energy to high-grade cold energy or thermal energy, and the energy generated can be used for directly Supply refrigeration duty, it can also be used to store, be expressed as：In formula：For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit semen donors；For cold storage capacity；For from municipal power grid to ground source heat The power supply volume of pump assembly；For from gas internal-combustion engine to earth source heat pump power supply volume；COPgshp,cFor earth source heat pump refrigeration performance Coefficient；It is 0-1 variables to indicate the quantity of state of earth source heat pump cooling,Indicate earth source heat pump cooling；For the earth source heat pump cooling upper limit；Water cold storageThe energy of water cold storage tank storage should be taken into account energy storage system thermal loss, accumulation of energy amount from the confession of earth source heat pump unit It is represented by：In formula：For the cold storage capacity of t period cold-storage apparatus；ηSTFor heat loss factor；For the cold energy of cold-storage apparatus release；For indicate cold-storage apparatus operating status 0-1 variables,Indicate that water cold storage equipment is in cold-storage shape State,Indicate that water cold storage equipment is in release cold energy state；Fume hot-water type exhaust-heat absorption formula handpiece Water Chilling Units；When generating set is run, the heat source first with the waste heat of generating set as absorption machine, supply section cold energy absorbs The refrigerating capacity of formula refrigeration unit is directly proportional to its thermal energy input quantity：In formula：For the semen donors of Absorption Refrigerator；COPam,cFor the Absorption Refrigerator coefficient of performance.
- The Optimized Operation mould 4. a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy according to claim 2 is regulated and stored Type, which is characterized in that above-mentioned CCHP Winter heat supplies mathematical model is described in detail below：The heat of CCHP Winter heat supply mathematical models be mainly derived from earth source heat pump unit direct heating, the heat supply of exhaust-heat absorption machine and Accumulation of energy slot heat release；Earth source heat pump unitIn formula：For the i-th tableland source heat pump unit heating load；For amount of stored heat；COPgshp,hIt is heated for earth source heat pump The coefficient of performance；It is 0-1 variables to indicate the quantity of state of earth source heat pump direct heating,Indicate earth source heat pump Heat supply；For the earth source heat pump heat supply upper limit.Water accumulation of heatIn formula：For the amount of stored heat of t period thermal storage equipments；For thermal storage equipment heat release amount； To indicate to store The 0-1 variables of the operating status of hot equipment,Indicate that water thermal storage equipment is in heat storage state,Indicate water Accumulation of heat is in heat release state；Residual heat type absorption type refrigeration unitIn formula：For the heating load of absorption type refrigeration machine；COPam,hFor the absorption type refrigeration machine coefficient of performance.
- The Optimized Operation mould 5. a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy according to claim 1 is regulated and stored Type, which is characterized in that the CCHP peak regulations containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy regulate and store Optimal Operation Model constraints include two classes：When Hot and cold, electric flux Constraints of Equilibrium；Second is that the physical constraint of each equipment of energy source station；Electric energy balance constraint is represented by：In formula：For energy source station power budget；Refrigeration duty Constraints of Equilibrium is represented by：In formula：For energy source station refrigeration duty；Heat load balance constraint is represented by：In formula：For energy source station thermic load.
- The Optimized Operation mould 6. a kind of cooling heating and power generation system peak regulation containing photovoltaic and accumulation of energy according to claim 5 is regulated and stored Type, which is characterized in that step 4, using the prediction of probability constraints processing photovoltaic, the randomness and uncertainty of load prediction error；The form for the expression formula probability constraints that the constraint of above-mentioned electric energy balance, refrigeration duty Constraints of Equilibrium, heat load balance are constrained It is expressed as：In formula：α, β, γ are the confidence level that probability constraints are set up；Assuming that photovoltaic power generation output forecasting, load prediction error Normal Distribution, above formula can be converted into：Wherein：In formula：μ, σ indicate expected value and standard deviation respectively；zα、zβ、zγFor α, β, γ quantile of standardized normal distribution.
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