CN108487538A - The method that the interlocking assembled building blocks of unified modulus combine and construct energy-saving earthquake-resistant house - Google Patents
The method that the interlocking assembled building blocks of unified modulus combine and construct energy-saving earthquake-resistant house Download PDFInfo
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- CN108487538A CN108487538A CN201810626607.9A CN201810626607A CN108487538A CN 108487538 A CN108487538 A CN 108487538A CN 201810626607 A CN201810626607 A CN 201810626607A CN 108487538 A CN108487538 A CN 108487538A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of combination interlocked block of unified modulus and constructs the method in energy-saving earthquake-resistant house and the main and auxiliary building block combination of use, the length of building block for 100mm integral multiple so that：The masonry being built by building block, no matter length how long, width is more wide, how high height is, either rectangular, arc-shaped, round or triangle convex lock tenon always has matched recessed lock station hole realization to reciprocal interlock, under the premise of interlocking layer by layer, always have in-between perforation, for pour into a mould stem cross-shaped through hole or square through hole or the two combination, through-hole spacing be 100mm.Building block of the present invention both can artificial or robot built by laying bricks or stones in building-site, it includes interlocking the components such as doorframe, the external and internal wall, structural column, collar tie beam, the floor that interlock window frame also to be adapted for robot in factory's assembly.The present invention is simple with production, input is saved, builds the excellent Comprehensive Characteristics of convenience, housing energy saving anti seismic efficiency by laying bricks or stones.Both alternative conventional multilayer brick-concrete composite buildings building, is also adapted to modern high-rise building.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building block combinations, more particularly to interlock the interlock and building method of assembled building blocks.
Background technology
Wall change be materials for wall reform abbreviation, be it is country-driven with new wall material substitute clay brick, to protect soil
Ground, environmental protection, energy saving, the offspring that benefits future generations a revolution.Over the past thousands of years, construction material is mainly clay brick
（It is commonly called as " common brick "）.Clay brick production process falls behind extensive, high energy consumption, pollution weight.And the mode of production of new wall material is advanced, it is special
40% or so can be saved compared with clay brick by not being interlocking composite type building block energy consumption, and it is left can to reduce exhaust gas discharge 40% accordingly
It is right.
However, from the point of view of the general orientation that domestic materials for wall develops, not due to panoramic materials for wall newly developed
The interior culture that Qin's brick can be contained comprehensively, is not accepted by the public, in addition manufacturing enterprise's inefficiencies, and quality phenomenon of adulterating is tight
Weight, causes China's new wall material that can not contend with always with traditional common brick.Although forcing " prohibiting real ", China's walling with administrative power
Reform is so far still in the state got half the result with twice the effort.What is more, when not turning out replacement Qin brick structure system comprehensively, China
Conventional building construction system is because the revolution of common brick has greatly by the division of history into periods, the same and whole possibility with common brick！When China colleague is for connection
Effort of the assembled building blocks building system by decades is locked, gradually development is likely to become a new generation's building knot after common brick
When structure system, and welcome the challenge of foreign countries " steel construction " system of new round introduction！
Between decades before this, state's interior wall changes Introduced From Abroad flat mouth building block, in practice it has proved that is failure.And in Introduced From Abroad
Interlocked block before building block is built due to not obtaining correctly understanding and due attention, or even the improper courteous reception or treatment of experience,
Artificially strangled, and decades it was verified that interlocking assembled building blocks architectural structure system, its own value advantage, market
Cost performance, nobody is shoulder to shoulder so far.If interlocked block solves the problems, such as can have widely applied unified modulus as common brick,
It development, can grow as the national building system of itself of a new generation after common brick, culture completely, there is powerful life
Power.
Up to currently, domestic interlocking block masonry there are some cannot by general technical problem extensively, if any can only
It is interlocked in horizontal linear, still needing to a large amount of reinforcing bars between each node in house sockets interlocking, fails really to embody under interlocked block combination
Vertical principle for seismic design, the real meaning of interlock fails to embody, and apparent economic advantages also just fail to obtain real
Border effect, and unnecessary loss is caused, include the patent of invention application No. is 2013102006440, although embodying this
It provides fortification against earthquakes principle, also embodies apparent economic advantages, but can only say that the range of embodiment is point, is line, rather than face, this
The limitation in face is exactly the unified modulus for having ignored building block and preferred trepanning interlock method, do not consider the individual character of building with
The needs of application region variation, China north and south urban climate difference is big, has nothing in common with each other to thickness of wall body power conservation requirement, same room
Room Discussion on architecture wall thickness also changes, since being a kind of new structural system, system just should extremely use up personality and common
It is unified, the core being embodied in interlocked block system be exactly no matter masonry just, width what degree changed to, as far as possible as red
Brick is the same can extensive use.And everywhere, layer by layer, ring ring can handyly, with practical structures meaning interlocking mechanism.
This just needs the preferred unification of modulus, the hole shape preferred design of building block, preferred tenon interlocking form of locking that can effectively promote
Into the unification of modulus.If accomplishing this point, this builds future automation by laying bricks or stones, assembling members, realizes modern assembled or connection
Lock construction building then provides premise, is allowed to be possibly realized as the system of succeeding after eternal conventional red brick building.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to disadvantage present in background technology and problem to be improved and innovated, providing one kind makes
It is combined, and used with the building block of interlocking form science, versatile modulus high unity with convenience, stable structure, building block trepanning
The method for building house by laying bricks or stones is combined in the building block.
The technical scheme is that the side in energy-saving earthquake-resistant house is constructed in the interlocking assembled building blocks combination of the unified modulus of construction
Method, using one group of main interlocked block and one group of auxiliary interlock apparatus concrete block masonry house, main interlocked block is distinguished with auxiliary interlock apparatus building block
It can intersect the recessed lock station of agile and all-purpose convex lock tenon and the interlocking that matches therewith equipped with can be applied to different-thickness variation wall
Hole, the main interlocked block be respectively equipped on the block of auxiliary interlock apparatus building block in length and breadth direction apart from equal, of the same size more
The symmetrical convex lock tenon of group, no matter how shape changes or rectangular or round or outer circle arc or cylinder or three convex lock tenon
It is angular, convex lock tenon and central point and any corresponding convex lock tenon centre distance that block is circular as unit of 100mm moduluses
It is all equal, thus the main interlocked block of this group and auxiliary interlock apparatus building block adapt to external and internal wall with 100mm moduluses be minimum wall thickness with
Interlock under the direction change in length and breadth of maximum wall thickness, and each node has for pouring into a mould the perforation main aperture of concrete-core column；
Interlocking doorframe wall, interlocking can be assembled by building cross-application using one group of main interlocked block and one group of auxiliary interlock apparatus building block
Window frame wall, interlocking composite assembly abnormity or square structure column, collar tie beam interlock inner wall, interlock assembled laminated floor slab, build by laying bricks or stones with
The mortar that assembled masonry uses is liquid flowing mortar.
It is constructed using one group main piece and one group of auxiliary block, is evenly equipped at the top of every piece of building block in one of the embodiments,
Convex lock tenon, and several building blocks abut alignment when spreading out in the horizontal plane, all convex lock tenons are 90 degree of equal cloth-like of rectangular array in length and breadth
State, building block bottom are provided with recessed lock station hole corresponding with convex lock tenon, and when building block stacked on top, the convex lock tenon of lower section can coincide insertion
The recessed lock station hole of top,
Each building block includes the convex lock tenon pair of a row, and the convex lock tenon since one end to being provided with building block up and down between any two
Cross-shaped through hole, the convex lock tenon in cross-shaped through hole lower end and lower end four are connected between corresponding recessed lock station hole, and it is recessed to form square
Lock station hole can coincide and accommodate four convex lock tenons, if there is individual convex lock tenon pair, be arranged up and down between the convex lock tenon pair
Rectangular or circular through hole, rectangular or circular through hole lower end are connected between corresponding two recessed lock station holes, are formed rectangular or round recessed
Lock station hole can accommodate two rectangular or round convex lock tenons,
Or the section outside of the corresponding four convex lock tenons of cross-hole is isocentric circular arc, recessed lock station hole is the circle for matching interlocking
Shape, when convex lock tenon is embedded in the recessed lock station hole of another building block, corresponding outside is also isocentric circular arc, individually within convex lock tenon pair
The opposite exterior lateral sides of two convex lock tenons are also isocentric circular arc,
The length of building block is the integral multiple of 100mm so that：
The masonry being piled by several building blocks, no matter length how long, width is more wide, how high height is, the convex lock between upper and lower building block
Tenon always has matched recessed lock station hole, always has the through-hole of perforation, the through-hole mixed for cast stem or foaming in-between
Solidifying soil, the through-hole can be the combination of cross-shaped through hole or square through hole or the two, and adjacent through-hole spacing is 100mm；
May also include multipurpose building block, concave-convex interlocking mechanism and distance set by multipurpose building block with it is splay set by masonry block
Reinforcing rib slot, equipped with can coincide be added floor eyelet in reinforcing rib, reinforcing rib by strip frame-type reinforcing bar and and its
Be welded in 90 degree of gusseted muscle, coordinate multipurpose building block, can assembled any length and width laminated floor slab and herringbone
Roof boarding；
Described main piece, auxiliary block and multipurpose building block can build L-shaped, T shapes, cross interlock column by laying bricks or stones, and thicken L-shaped interlocking
Wall, T shape interlocks column, width, narrow variation chi structure column, and exempt from the rectangular interlock column of template.
Another technical solution of the present invention is a kind of interlocking assembled building blocks combination of unified modulus of construction, which is characterized in that
One kind in the block is built including at least main piece of following main interlocking or auxiliary interlock apparatus：
Main piece of K1, length are respectively 400mm, 200mm, 100mm, including the convex lock tenon of two rows eight, and bottom setting two is recessed
Lock station hole, both sides offer the dovetail groove reached close between convex lock tenon pair, and setting cross is logical between intermediate four convex lock tenons
Hole；
Main piece of K2, the 1/2 of block K1 based on length, the half disconnected in the length of block K1 based on block shape；
Main piece of K3, the 3/4 of block K1 based on length, including six convex lock tenons, wherein it is logical to be provided with cross between four convex lock tenons
Square through hole is arranged between another two convex lock tenons in hole, and block is closed at both ends；
Main piece of K3A, two convex lock tenon sides open up dovetail groove in block K3 based on block shape, are connected to square through hole；
Main piece of K4,1/3 scaled off in the length of block K3 based on block shape, including two convex lock tenons and in-between square through hole；
Main piece of K5, length is the same as main piece of K1, including intermediate four convex lock tenons, the centre sides of being provided with for being provided with cross-shaped through hole
Two convex lock tenons of shape through-hole and two convex lock tenons for being provided with the square through hole for connecting dovetail groove；
Main piece of K6, based on block shape block K2 and main piece of K5 along its length on split, two dovetail grooves are respectively facing both ends；
Auxiliary block KF1, long, high, width based on the 1/2 of block K1 identical as main piece of K1, there are four convex lock tenon and two recessed locks for setting
Platform hole is provided with through-hole between convex lock tenon；
Auxiliary block KF2, for the half disconnected in the length of auxiliary block KF1；
Auxiliary block KF3, for disconnected in the length of auxiliary block KF1 3/4, setting is there are three convex lock tenon；
Auxiliary block KF4, for auxiliary block KF1 length on disconnect 1/4；
Auxiliary block KF6, length are two times of auxiliary block KF3；
Respectively building convex lock tenon in the block and recessed lock station hole can cooperate, and the both ends of auxiliary block are smooth, or are provided with prominent
It rises, the respectively setting one of fluted or protrusion and groove is either set.
One cross-hole of setting between the convex lock tenons of every four of main piece of K1 in one of the embodiments, totally two
A cross-hole；Based on main piece of K3A block K1 by a cross-hole along center disconnect after 3/4；Not main piece of K5；Main piece of K6 be
Main piece of K1 and main piece of K2 along its length on split.
The main piece of K1 in one of the embodiments, length is respectively 400mm, 200mm, 100mm, top
Two recessed lock station holes are arranged in the prominent lock tenon of two circles of setting, bottom, and each round prominent lock tenon corresponds to a recessed lock station hole, and is arranged
There is circular through hole up and down；The half of block K1 based on the main piece of K2 length, including four convex lock tenons, bottom are arranged one
Corresponding recessed lock station hole is provided with cross-shaped through hole between four convex lock tenons；The 3/2 of block K2, block shape are based on main piece of K3 length
The split of the half of K2 and K2, one end open；Main piece of K3A size is identical as main piece of K3, including six convex lock tenons, wherein four convex
It is provided with cross-shaped through hole between lock tenon, square through hole is set between another two convex lock tenons, block is closed at both ends；Main piece of K4 length
Based on block K3A 1/3, including two convex lock tenons and in-between square through hole；The length of main piece of K5 with main piece of K1, including
Four convex lock tenons and the bottom recessed lock station hole accordingly of cross-shaped through hole are provided among two groups；Based on main piece of K6 block K2 with main piece
The split of K5, the lateral surface that centre is provided with four convex lock tenons of cross-shaped through hole is same disc, and the recessed lock station hole of bottom is
Cylinder, the disc size where convex lock tenon are not more than the disc in the recessed lock station hole in bottom.
In one of the embodiments, be used for decoration of exterior wall with it is energy saving, building block combine in each building block dress can also be set
Dovetail groove a1 is adornd, can also include being provided on ornamental blocks K8, the ornamental blocks K8 and decoration dovetail groove a1 phases in building block combination
The the second dovetail groove a2 answered, can be mutually butted.
Can also include in one of the embodiments, not only can with masonry panel, but also can assembled laminated floor slab it is multi-purpose
Way building block, including multipurpose building block LKF1, multipurpose building block LKF2, multipurpose building block LKF3, multipurpose building block LKF4, length
Than being respectively 4:2:3:1, multipurpose building block LKF1 include the single convex lock tenon being oppositely arranged and recessed lock station hole, multipurpose building block
A horizontal stiffener slot is equipped between outer wall side and convex lock tenon, between the opposite of horizontal stiffener slot, two convex lock tenons
It equipped with splay reinforcing rib slot, is passed through for 90 degree of gusseted muscle, reinforcing rib, which can coincide, to be added in building block eyelet, is added
Strengthening tendons are welded by strip reinforcing bar and with it in 90 degree of gusseted muscle, coordinate multipurpose building block, can be assembled arbitrary
The laminated floor slab of length and width and Chevron roof plate；Multipurpose building block can also construct non-load bearing inner partition wall.
In one of the embodiments, along main piece and the long side direction of auxiliary block, it is respectively arranged on the side of convex lock tenon
One or two connecting lacing wire slots.
In one of the embodiments, along the long side direction of main interlocked block and auxiliary interlock apparatus building block, on the side of convex lock tenon
On be respectively arranged with one or two connecting lacing wire slots；Main interlocked block and auxiliary interlock apparatus building block are both provided with chamfering or bevelling.
Liquid flowing masonry mortar is adapted in dedicated hydraulic equipment to masonry wall in one of the embodiments,
Body surface face horizontal direction carries out extruding flow regime.
With the layout of main interlocked block combination reinforcing rib, integrated cast structure concrete can be assembled into fixed in building block main aperture
Ruler collar tie beam, the height size of collar tie beam, amount of reinforcement can be adjusted according to design, and main aperture and beam-ends have all tied up rectangular reinforcing bar respectively
Hoop.
Global advantage of the present invention shows following aspects：
One, the method for the present invention and device in practical applications, can be accomplished flexibly to change, and meet China different regions wall width
Basic demand, and can realize this Core Feature of the interlocking of blockhouse.The present invention for the first time by this interlocked block be unified in
100mm is the progressive modulus form of unit.The lock tenon lateral surface of assemblage block is the design of same disc, and machine may be implemented certainly
Dynamic management and operation mix compared to current building block and construction industry, change and be tired of that more, industrial chain puts into huge phenomenon, the present invention
Comprehensive energy-saving benefit and convenient implementation process can be brought, the interlocking assembled building blocks building for making China make great efforts by several generations
Structural system is quickly shaped up.
Two, the block shape of all building blocks of the present invention can accurately be produced by existing production equipment, and block both can conveniently be fallen
Area, national manual site's processing are built by laying bricks or stones afterwards, also can be assembled or be built after factory or building-site low latitude operation assembly component
House reduces risk of the manpower in working at height of building dense.
Three, finely implement various techniques convenient for ground, implement with energy saving versatile layout as exterior wall integrates decoration
To each details.
Four, reducing needs a large amount of templates and steel pipe support of consumption in cast in place technique, it is slow to solve existing work progress
The problem of.
Five, in conjunction with the light mating of production facility, can in building-sites such as scale reconstruction of the old city town, war, seismic ruins,
From processing building waste to production block structure of gathering materials on the spot, until house assembly, a large amount of raw material transport can be reduced, for
Congested in traffic city is reducing city secondary pollution, is reducing traffic jam etc., there is significant social benefit and economy
Benefit, only transportation cost can reduce 15% or so of building input.
Six, by unique seismic crack function that the geometric dimension of interlocked block, shape, size, interlocking method have,
This kind of building system potential is excavated so that developing, both alternative traditional architecture system, and can assembled room using this combination
Various main members needed for room, and this component parts --- only with a kind of mechanical equipment, only needing to change mold can give birth to for building block
Output is come, so enterprise's light load can be made to put into, has more obvious investment advantage.With existing steel construction assembly house input
Compare, the construction of base input of same annual value of production, the present invention always puts into the 50-60% of only steel construction assembly input.
Seven, since the interlocking of building block acts on, the shearing strength of masonry is greatly improved, in addition the proportioning of raw material changes
Into under the premise of the intensity of building block is fully ensured that, the design of utilization " being boldly confronted a powerful opponent with soft with waiting for quietly moving, with dynamic braking " is managed
It reads, can effectively delay in the dynamic case or house wall is avoided to crack easily or house collapse, the simple and effective side of providing fortification against earthquakes
Method is unique, and simple and effective, the part of interlock layer by layer of a combination thereof assembly is built by laying bricks or stones and prefabricated buildings, sets up defences reaching antidetonation rank
Under it is required that, the use of steel, artificial template, mortar can be largely reduced, therefore opposite steel construction assembles room, agent structure according to
Building floor height differs, and to save 10-40%, mitigates household economy burden to remote economically underdeveloped area, reduces unexpectedly
The life threat to the people is shaken, has unrivaled comprehensive advantage to the service life, quality and later maintenance in house.
Eight, the architectural structure system that the present invention represents mixes structural system with Chinese thousands of years traditional bricks and comes down in a continuous line, uses it
The house constructed in the minds of its people both without cultural difference accepting obstacles, also economic accepting obstacles in rare existing room rate.This hair
If bright be only used for substituting traditional brick mixed building, accept purpose-built construction aspect, there is huge market.In conjunction with modern architecture
Other technologies, reinforce the research of modernization intelligent systems equipment production and building block formula, production intensity higher, size are more
Accurately building block can be applied to high-rise even Super High, can be not only used for building construction, can be also widely applied to traffic, bridge, tunnel
Road, sponge city piping lane, avenue paddle road surface, water conservancy bank protection, height cut the buildings such as wall, be comprehensive substitution conventional red tile floor
It is whole to carry out wall reform to development China building materials, building trade to China for the exploitation of the most ideal system of position, project industrial chain
It looks as far as the eye can to mark, carries forward Chinese Traditional Architecture Abroad, expand China's broader practice domain level constraints, promote socio-economic development that will do
Go out tremendous contribution.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is wall length and height change contrast schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is that width of wall body changes contrast schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is main piece of block shape contrast schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the auxiliary block block shape contrast schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is main piece of block shape contrast schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the auxiliary block block shape contrast schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 is main piece of block shape contrast schematic diagram of embodiment 3.
Fig. 8 is the auxiliary block block shape contrast schematic diagram of embodiment 3.
Fig. 9 is wall L-shaped corner structure schematic diagram in embodiment 4.
Figure 10 is wall T shapes corner structure schematic diagram in embodiment 4.
Figure 11 is the assembling structure schematic diagram of plane wall in embodiment 4, L-shaped corner, T shape corners.
Figure 12 be the T shapes corner of wide wall in embodiment 4, L-shaped corner, cross turning adjacent two skins up and down knot
Structure contrast schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is the Structure Comparison signal of the L-shaped corner for widening wall in embodiment 4, adjacent two skins up and down of T shape corners
Figure.
Figure 14 is adjacent two skins up and down of the L-shaped corner of not wide wall in embodiment 4, cross turning, T shape corners
Structure Comparison schematic diagram.
Figure 15 be the T shapes corner of auxiliary block masonry panel in embodiment 4, cross turning, L-shaped corner adjacent up and down two
The Structure Comparison schematic diagram of skin.
Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram for building doorframe and window frame in embodiment 4 by laying bricks or stones.
Figure 17 is a kind of installation relation schematic diagram of convex lock tenon and recessed lock station hole.
Figure 18 is the stereochemical structure and plan structure contrast schematic diagram of ornamental blocks K8.
Figure 19 is can decorative block structural schematic diagram.
Figure 20 be ornamental blocks K8 with can decorative block assembly relation and its vertical view, partial enlargement comparison diagram.
Figure 21 is the Structure Comparison figure of multipurpose building block.
Figure 22 is assembly stereoscopic schematic diagram, partial enlarged view, front view and the arch that multipurpose building block is used for building by laying bricks or stones floor
The structural schematic diagram of muscle.
Figure 23 is the contrast schematic diagram at each visual angle of collar tie beam.
Figure 24 is the assembly contrast schematic diagram that auxiliary block and multipurpose block build solid, rectangular open tubular column and template by laying bricks or stones.
Specific implementation mode
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings to invention is more fully described.In attached drawing
Give the preferred embodiment of the present invention.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to this paper institutes
The embodiment of description.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is make it is more thorough and comprehensive to the disclosure.
It should be noted that when element is considered as " setting " on another element, it can be direct setting or even
It is connected on another element or may be simultaneously present centering elements.
Unless otherwise defined, the skill of all technical and scientific terms used herein and the technical field of the present invention
The normally understood meaning of art personnel is identical.Term used in the description is intended merely to describe specifically to implement purpose, is not
It is intended to the limitation present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 3,4, a kind of interlocked block combination of unified modulus, including following building block：
Main piece of K1, length are respectively 400mm, 200mm, 100mm, including the convex lock tenon 1 of two rows eight, and bottom setting two is recessed
Lock station hole 2, both sides offer the dovetail groove 3 reached between convex lock tenon pair recently, cross are arranged between intermediate four convex lock tenons
Through-hole 4, the convex lock tenon of block surface are interior equipped with connecting lacing wire slot 10, block chamfering 11, block bevelling 12, center threading hole with outer wall
17；
Main piece of K2, the 1/2 of block K1 based on length, the half disconnected in the length of block K1 based on block shape；
Main piece of K3, the 3/4 of block K1 based on length, including six convex lock tenons, wherein it is logical to be provided with cross between four convex lock tenons
Square through hole is arranged between another two convex lock tenons in hole, and block is closed at both ends；
Main piece of K3A, two convex lock tenon sides open up dovetail groove in block K3 based on block shape, are connected to square through hole；
Main piece of K4,1/3 scaled off in the length of block K3 based on block shape, including two convex lock tenons and in-between square through hole；
Main piece of K5, length is the same as main piece of K1, including intermediate four convex lock tenons, the centre sides of being provided with for being provided with cross-shaped through hole
Two convex lock tenons of shape through-hole and two convex lock tenons for being provided with the square through hole for connecting dovetail groove；
Main piece of K6, based on block shape block K2 and main piece of K5 along its length on split, two dovetail grooves are respectively facing both ends；
Auxiliary block KF1, long, high, width based on the 1/2 of block K1 identical as main piece of K1, there are four convex lock tenon 1 and two recessed locks for setting
Platform hole 2 is provided with through-hole 5 between convex lock tenon 1；
Auxiliary block KF2, for the half disconnected in the length of auxiliary block KF1；
Auxiliary block KF3, for disconnected in the length of auxiliary block KF1 3/4, setting is there are three convex lock tenon；
Auxiliary block KF4, for auxiliary block KF1 length on disconnect 1/4；
Auxiliary block KF6, length are two times of auxiliary block KF3；
Respectively building convex lock tenon in the block and recessed lock station hole can cooperate.The both ends respectively setting one of auxiliary block KF1, auxiliary block KF6
A protrusion 6 and groove 7, auxiliary block KF2, the one end auxiliary block KF4 are smooth, and groove is arranged in one end, and the both ends of auxiliary block KF3 are smooth,
Protrusion and groove can cooperate.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5,6, compared with Example 1, one is arranged between the convex lock tenons of every four of main piece of K1 described in the present embodiment
Cross-hole 4, totally two cross-holes；Based on main piece of K3A block K1 by a cross-hole along center disconnect after 3/4；No
Main piece of K5；Based on main piece of K6 block K1 and main piece of K2 along its length on split.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 7,8, the main piece of K1, length are respectively 400mm, 200mm, 100mm, and two circles are arranged in top
Prominent lock tenon 8, block surface are equipped with node connecting lacing wire slot 10 around convex lock tenon, and two recessed lock station holes 2, each round prominent lock is arranged in bottom
Tenon corresponds to a recessed lock station hole, and is provided with circular through hole up and down；The half of block K1 based on the main piece of K2 length, packet
Four convex lock tenons are included, bottom is arranged a corresponding recessed lock station hole, cross-shaped through hole is provided between four convex lock tenons；Main piece of K3
The 3/2 of block K2 based on length, block shape are the split of the half of K2 and K2, one end open；Main piece of K3A size is identical as main piece of K3,
Including six convex lock tenons, wherein being provided with cross-shaped through hole between four convex lock tenons, it is arranged between another two convex lock tenons rectangular logical
Hole, block are closed at both ends；The 1/3 of block K3A based on main piece of K4 length, including two convex lock tenons and in-between square through hole；It is main
The length of block K5 be provided with main piece of K1, including among two groups cross-shaped through hole four convex lock tenons and bottom it is recessed accordingly
Lock station hole；The split of block K2 and main piece of K5 based on main piece of K6.
In the above-described embodiments, convex lock tenon and recessed lock station hole can be further arranged to following shape, as shown in figure 17：In
Between to be provided with the lateral surfaces of four of cross-shaped through hole convex lock tenons be same disc 17, bottom is provided with the concentric recessed lock of cylinder
Platform hole, the disc where convex lock tenon are less than the side 18 in the recessed lock station hole in bottom, and 1 is convex lock tenon in figure, and 4 be cross-shaped through hole, and 17
It is the side in recessed lock station hole for the disc where the lateral surface of four convex lock tenons, 18.In the production technology of building block, there are one weights
It is that building block whole body is polished to want step, and each section is made to be easy to agree with, and this circular configuration of the present invention, be can be applied to
In mechanical automation, intelligent production, the side of outer ring and recessed lock station hole simply to convex lock tenon is only needed to polish,
Either in processing by hand and mechanical automation processing, working efficiency can be significantly improved.
As shown in Figure 18,19,20, decoration dovetail groove a1 can also be arranged in the building block in above-described embodiment on the outside of block,
Can also include that the second dovetail corresponding with decoration dovetail groove a1 is provided on ornamental blocks K8, the ornamental blocks K8 in building block combination
Slot a2, can reciprocal interlocking docking.
Can also include multipurpose building block LKF1, multipurpose in the building block combination in above-described embodiment as shown in Figure 21,22
Building block LKF2, multipurpose building block LKF3, multipurpose building block LKF4, length is than being respectively 4:2:3:1, multipurpose building block LKF1 packets
The single convex lock tenon being oppositely arranged and recessed lock station hole are included, and the protrusion a3 and groove a4 being oppositely arranged, is arranged between convex lock tenon
There is perforative through-hole, and the muscle slot 9 being distributed in eight words, muscle slot one side where convex lock tenon is opened from through-hole to adjacent
Smooth surface.Multipurpose building block LKF2, multipurpose building block LKF3, multipurpose building block LKF4 are respectively that multipurpose building block LKF1 is cut from one end
Part after cutting is respectively provided with protrusion a3 and groove a4.Multipurpose building block can be used for supplementing auxiliary block masonry panel, it can also be used to logical
Increase arch muscle a5 and lacing wire a6 is crossed to be sandwiched in building block in 90 degree to build by laying bricks or stones instead of laminated floor slab.
In addition, the auxiliary block or multipurpose block of the present invention can also be used to build solid or rectangular open tubular column by laying bricks or stones, or replace mould
Plate realizes pouring operation, as shown in figure 23, casting area C.
Embodiment 4
Using aforementioned building block composite assembly component, the method for building specifically includes：
The method for building plane wall by laying bricks or stones：As shown in Figure 1, 2, most beneath skin building block alignment so that the convex lock tenon of upper part is uniformly distributed,
The recessed lock station hole of last layer is fastened on the convex lock tenon of the first skin, is sequentially overlapped, can be with shape by using main piece of different length
At the plane wall of different length and height；
It builds by laying bricks or stones or the method for assembled L-shaped corner wall and structural column：As shown in Fig. 9,12, two of the corner of the first skin building block
Against L-shaped is formed, two building block one end of the corner of the second skin building block, which abut, forms L-shaped, but the block of the first skin for building block one end
It is covered by a complete building block in the second skin on block contact position, formation interlocks, is sequentially overlapped and increases；
The method for building T shape corner walls or structural column by laying bricks or stones：As shown in Figure 10,12, the first skin corner is by main piece of K6 and one
A main piece of K2 compositions are T-shaped, and one end of main piece of K2 abuts the center of main piece of K6, and the second skin is by one main piece K5 and two main piece of K2
Form T-shaped, main piece of K2 is oppositely arranged on the both sides of main piece of one end K5, and K5 covers the connection of main piece of K5 and main piece of K2 of the first skin
Place, is sequentially overlapped and increases；
The method for building cross turning wall by laying bricks or stones：As shown in figure 12, the first skin forms ten by one main piece K6 and two main piece of K2
Font, one end of main piece of K2 of two of which is respectively against the on both sides of the middle of main piece of K6, and the second skin is by one main piece K6 and two master
Block K2 group across, wherein main piece of K6 covers the seam of main piece of K2 and K6 of the first skin；
It builds by laying bricks or stones or the method for assembled collar tie beam：As shown in figure 23, main piece of K6, K3 be can use and arrange the first skin building block, inject liquid viscose,
It is distributed into stiffener 13, outer square stirrup 14, square stirrup 15 in hole in the connecting lacing wire slot 10 of set level, the is built in the fissure of displacement
The last injecting structure concrete of two skin interlocked blocks becomes for use component of collar tie beam after steam-cured or natural curing, also can be in building site
Concrete is poured into a mould on the live cloth muscle side when building by laying bricks or stones, constitutes simple collar tie beam.
It builds by laying bricks or stones or the method for assembled square structure column, can be intersected with auxiliary interlock apparatus assembled building blocks KF3 and KF4 and be built by laying bricks or stones or assembly
300*300mm square structure columns are intersected with auxiliary interlock apparatus assembled building blocks KF1 and KF2 and are built by laying bricks or stones or the rectangular knot of assembly 400*400mm
Structure column or other different size of square structure columns are inserted into reinforcing rib, integrated cast structure with alternate template in the hole C of formation
Concrete becomes for use square structure column by natural curing or steam-cured, and as shown in figure 24,16 be square column hangs muscle in figure.
Two or more in plane wall, L-shaped corner wall, T-shaped turning wall and cross turning wall mutually interconnect
The wall in complete house can be formed by connecing, as shown in figure 11.
In order to adapt to the needs that wall is widened, group builds L, T, cross node wall or the structural column for thickening exterior wall, available
Main piece intersects 90 degree of modes arranged side by side with auxiliary block and widens, in wall based on block or intersect 90 with the auxiliary block of accomplish wide with body of wall
Degree is built by laying bricks or stones, need to only ensure that the main aperture 4 of lower layer's wall is not covered by the building block of upper wall, as shown in Figure 13,14,15.
In order to adapt to the wall intersection interlocking of different-thickness, group builds L, T, crisscross joint wall work structural column available combination
Main piece is combined with auxiliary block, as long as concave-convex interlocking hole achieves that intersection interlocking up and down for alignment, as shown in figure 14.What is had non-holds
As shown in FIG. 6 piece of shape of auxiliary block that room uses in weight makeshift house worker-house, can organize and build L, T, crisscross joint wall or structure
Column.
Herein, the first skin, the second skin only indicate upper and lower layer relationship, do not indicate which layer is located at the bottom of building, i.e.,
Do not indicate which skin built by laying bricks or stones at first.
In the wall for building forming by laying bricks or stones, always there is vertical channel, only according to the shape of building block through-hole, vertical channel
Section can be always cross, small rectangular or various shapes combination.The channel is for cast stem.
Building block can also be combined into door opening, window opening wall body structure, can be with the convex lock tenon set by upper end, the recessed lock of bottom setting
Customization doorframe, the window frame in platform hole（As shown in figure 16）Cooperation interlocking installation.
The house built by laying bricks or stones using above-mentioned building block combination and method has the characteristics that reciprocal interlocking, shockproof effect are relatively existing
Structure has significant progress.In order to further enhance the secured of connection, can also along main piece and the long side direction of auxiliary block,
It is provided with connecting lacing wire slot on the side of convex lock tenon, for installing connecting lacing wire.
The present invention passes through above from the core part in house --- and the design of interlocked block produces, and is assembled into using building block
The important component for forming house realizes house assembled architecture, prefabricated component assembly rate in conjunction with other universal methods of existing building
Reaching 90% or more, it, which was both applicable in, manually builds by laying bricks or stones, is artificial assembled, is also suitable robot assembly, and both applicable south China was built by laying bricks or stones,
Also the applicable north is built by laying bricks or stones, is both applicable in the country, is also suitable the infrastructure of Foreign Architecture, especially the Belt and Road, is applying
It in field, is used not only for building a house, is also widely used in the bases such as traffic, bridge, urban pavement, underground pipe gallery, riverbed, massif bank protection
Construction project.Compare common brick, only physique structure is different, and application range is sufficiently close to, and effect is more than common brick.When the system shape
After the industrial chain of Cheng Xin, it can really become China undisputed successor of building system of new generation after common brick, make China
Distinctive Qin's brick building civilization is able to succession and develops！
Embodiment of the present invention is only the description carried out to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not to present inventive concept
It is defined with range, under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, engineers and technicians are to the present invention's in this field
The all variations and modifications that technical solution is made, should all fall into protection scope of the present invention, in the claimed technology of the present invention
Hold, has all recorded in detail in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. the interlocking assembled building blocks of unified modulus combine the method for constructing energy-saving earthquake-resistant house, it is characterised in that：Utilize one group of master
Interlocked block and one group of auxiliary interlock apparatus concrete block masonry house, main interlocked block are respectively equipped with auxiliary interlock apparatus building block and can be applied to
Different-thickness variation wall can intersect the recessed lock station hole of agile and all-purpose convex lock tenon and the interlocking that matches therewith, and the main interlocking is built
Block be respectively equipped on the block of auxiliary interlock apparatus building block in length and breadth direction apart from multigroup symmetrical convex lock tenon equal, of the same size,
No matter how shape changes or rectangular or round or outer circle arc or cylindrical or triangle, convex lock tenon and block convex lock tenon
Body central point circular as unit of 100mm moduluses and any corresponding convex lock tenon centre distance are all equal, therefore this
The main interlocked block of group and auxiliary interlock apparatus building block adapt in length and breadth side of the external and internal wall with 100mm moduluses for minimum wall thickness and maximum wall thickness
Interlock under variation, and each node has for pouring into a mould the perforation main aperture of concrete-core column；
Along the long side direction of main interlocked block and auxiliary interlock apparatus building block, one or two drawing is respectively arranged on the side of convex lock tenon
Connect muscle slot；Main interlocked block and auxiliary interlock apparatus building block are both provided with chamfering or bevelling；
Interlocking doorframe wall, interlocking can be assembled by building cross-application using one group of main interlocked block and one group of auxiliary interlock apparatus building block
Window frame wall, interlocking composite assembly abnormity or square structure column, collar tie beam interlock inner wall, interlock assembled laminated floor slab, build by laying bricks or stones with
The mortar that assembled masonry uses is liquid flowing mortar.
2. the interlocking assembled building blocks of unified modulus according to claim 1 combine the method for constructing energy-saving earthquake-resistant house,
It is characterized in that：It is constructed using one group main piece and one group of auxiliary block, convex lock tenon is evenly equipped at the top of every piece of building block, and several building blocks exist
When being spread out against alignment on horizontal plane, all convex lock tenons are that 90 degree of rectangular arrays are evenly distributed with state in length and breadth, building block bottom be provided with and
Convex lock tenon recessed lock station hole accordingly, when building block stacked on top, the convex lock tenon of lower section, which can coincide, is inserted into the recessed lock station hole of top,
Each building block includes the convex lock tenon pair of a row, and the convex lock tenon since one end to being provided with building block up and down between any two
Cross-shaped through hole, the convex lock tenon in cross-shaped through hole lower end and lower end four are connected between corresponding recessed lock station hole, and it is recessed to form square
Lock station hole can coincide and accommodate four convex lock tenons, if there is individual convex lock tenon pair, be arranged up and down between the convex lock tenon pair
Rectangular or circular through hole, rectangular or circular through hole lower end are connected between corresponding two recessed lock station holes, are formed rectangular or round recessed
Lock station hole can accommodate two rectangular or round convex lock tenons,
Or the section outside of the corresponding four convex lock tenons of cross-hole is isocentric circular arc, recessed lock station hole is the circle for matching interlocking
Shape, when convex lock tenon is embedded in the recessed lock station hole of another building block, corresponding outside is also isocentric circular arc, individually within convex lock tenon pair
The opposite exterior lateral sides of two convex lock tenons are also isocentric circular arc,
The length of building block is the integral multiple of 100mm so that：
The masonry being piled by several building blocks, no matter length how long, width is more wide, how high height is, the convex lock between upper and lower building block
Tenon always has matched recessed lock station hole, always has the through-hole of perforation, the through-hole mixed for cast stem or foaming in-between
Solidifying soil, the through-hole can be the combination of cross-shaped through hole or square through hole or the two, and adjacent through-hole spacing is 100mm；
Described main piece, auxiliary block and multipurpose building block can build L-shaped, T shapes, cross interlock column by laying bricks or stones, and thicken L-shaped interlocking
Wall, T shape interlocks column, width, narrow variation chi structure column, and exempt from the rectangular interlock column of template.
3. the interlocking assembled building blocks combination of unified modulus, which is characterized in that include at least following main interlocking main piece or auxiliary interlock apparatus
Build one kind in the block：
Main piece of K1, length are respectively 400mm, 200mm, 100mm, including the convex lock tenon of two rows eight, and bottom setting two is recessed
Lock station hole, both sides offer the dovetail groove reached close between convex lock tenon pair, and setting cross is logical between intermediate four convex lock tenons
Hole；
Main piece of K2, the 1/2 of block K1 based on length, the half disconnected in the length of block K1 based on block shape；
Main piece of K3, the 3/4 of block K1 based on length, including six convex lock tenons, wherein it is logical to be provided with cross between four convex lock tenons
Square through hole is arranged between another two convex lock tenons in hole, and block is closed at both ends；
Main piece of K3A, two convex lock tenon sides open up dovetail groove in block K3 based on block shape, are connected to square through hole；
Main piece of K4,1/3 scaled off in the length of block K3 based on block shape, including two convex lock tenons and in-between square through hole；
Main piece of K5, length is the same as main piece of K1, including intermediate four convex lock tenons, the centre sides of being provided with for being provided with cross-shaped through hole
Two convex lock tenons of shape through-hole and two convex lock tenons for being provided with the square through hole for connecting dovetail groove；
Main piece of K6, based on block shape block K2 and main piece of K5 along its length on split, two dovetail grooves are respectively facing both ends；
Auxiliary block KF1, long, high, width based on the 1/2 of block K1 identical as main piece of K1, there are four convex lock tenon and two recessed locks for setting
Platform hole is provided with through-hole between convex lock tenon；
Auxiliary block KF2, for the half disconnected in the length of auxiliary block KF1；
Auxiliary block KF3, for disconnected in the length of auxiliary block KF1 3/4, setting is there are three convex lock tenon；
Auxiliary block KF4, for auxiliary block KF1 length on disconnect 1/4；
Auxiliary block KF6, length are two times of auxiliary block KF3；
Respectively building convex lock tenon in the block and recessed lock station hole can cooperate, and the both ends of auxiliary block are smooth, or are provided with prominent
It rises, the respectively setting one of fluted or protrusion and groove is either set.
4. the interlocking assembled building blocks combination of unified modulus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The main piece of K1 is every
One cross-hole is set between four convex lock tenons, totally two cross-holes；Block K1 is by a cross-hole edge based on main piece of K3A
3/4 after the disconnection of center；Not main piece of K5；Based on main piece of K6 block K1 and main piece of K2 along its length on split.
5. the interlocking assembled building blocks combination of unified modulus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Described main piece
K1, length are respectively 400mm, 200mm, 100mm, and the prominent lock tenon of two circles is arranged in top, and two recessed lock station are arranged in bottom
Hole, each round prominent lock tenon corresponds to a recessed lock station hole, and is provided with circular through hole up and down；The main piece of K2 length is
The half of main piece of K1, including four convex lock tenons, bottom are arranged a corresponding recessed lock station hole, ten are provided between four convex lock tenons
Font through-hole；The 3/2 of block K2 based on main piece of K3 length, block shape are the split of the half of K2 and K2, one end open；Main piece of K3A ruler
It is very little identical as main piece of K3, including six convex lock tenons, wherein cross-shaped through hole is provided between four convex lock tenons, another two convex lock tenons
Between square through hole is set, block is closed at both ends；The 1/3 of block K3A based on main piece of K4 length, including two convex lock tenons and among it
Square through hole；The length of main piece of K5 is provided with four convex lock tenons of cross-shaped through hole with main piece of K1, including among two groups
And bottom recessed lock station hole accordingly；The split of block K2 and main piece of K5 based on main piece of K6, centre are provided with four of cross-shaped through hole
The lateral surface of convex lock tenon is same disc, and the recessed lock station hole of bottom is cylinder, and the disc size where convex lock tenon is not more than bottom
The disc in the recessed lock station hole in portion.
6. the interlocking assembled building blocks combination of unified modulus according to claim 3 or 4, for decoration of exterior wall with it is energy saving,
It is characterized in that：Decoration dovetail groove a1 can also be arranged in each building block in building block combination, can also include ornamental blocks in building block combination
It is provided with second dovetail groove a2 corresponding with decoration dovetail groove a1 on K8, the ornamental blocks K8, can be mutually butted.
7. the interlocked block combination of unified modulus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Can also include both may be used
With masonry panel, but can assembled laminated floor slab multipurpose building block, including multipurpose building block LKF1, multipurpose building block LKF2,
Multipurpose building block LKF3, multipurpose building block LKF4, length is than being respectively 4:2:3:1, multipurpose building block LKF1 include opposite set
The single convex lock tenon set and recessed lock station hole are equipped with a horizontal stiffener slot between the outer wall side of multipurpose building block and convex lock tenon
Hole is equipped with splay reinforcing rib slot, for 90 degree of gusseted between the opposite of horizontal stiffener slot, two convex lock tenons
Muscle passes through, and reinforcing rib, which can coincide, to be added in building block eyelet, and reinforcing rib is in 90 degree of gusseted by strip reinforcing bar and with it
Muscle is welded, and coordinates multipurpose building block, can assembled arbitrary length and width laminated floor slab and Chevron roof plate；Multipurpose building block
Non-load bearing inner partition wall can also be constructed.
8. the interlocking assembled building blocks of unified modulus according to claim 1 combine the method for constructing energy-saving earthquake-resistant house,
It is characterized in that：The liquid flowing masonry mortar adapts to carry out masonry panel surface horizontal direction in dedicated hydraulic equipment
Squeeze flow regime.
9. the interlocking assembled building blocks of unified modulus according to claim 1 combine the method for constructing energy-saving earthquake-resistant house,
It is characterized in that：With the layout of main interlocked block combination reinforcing rib, integrated cast structure concrete can be assembled into building block main aperture
Scale collar tie beam, the height size of collar tie beam, amount of reinforcement can be adjusted according to design, and main aperture and beam-ends have all tied up rectangular reinforcing bar respectively
Hoop.
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| CN109025040A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2018-12-18 | 常州工程职业技术学院 | A kind of assembled masonry system and its method of construction |
| CN109594583A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-09 | 河海大学 | A kind of the mutually-embedded ecological building block retaining wall system and its construction method on variable slope |
| CN110258906A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-20 | 段志祥 | A kind of method that plug interlocks assembled building blocks and production method, establishment building structure |
| CN111926989A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-13 | 孟飞虎 | Combined heat-insulation building block |
| CN112064844A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-12-11 | 北京航天万源建筑工程有限责任公司 | Floor system and stair system of building structure of pull masonry system and construction method |
| WO2021035540A1 (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | 邹胜斌 | Modular lattice-type assembled composite beam |
| WO2021035539A1 (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | 邹胜斌 | Combined modular lattice-type floor panel |
| CN113235735A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-10 | 西南交通大学 | Traditional bucket-penetrating type wood structure house with light partition wall and construction method |
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| CN109594583A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-09 | 河海大学 | A kind of the mutually-embedded ecological building block retaining wall system and its construction method on variable slope |
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| CN112064844B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-03-11 | 北京航天万源建筑工程有限责任公司 | Floor system and stair system of building structure of pull masonry system and construction method |
| CN112064844A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-12-11 | 北京航天万源建筑工程有限责任公司 | Floor system and stair system of building structure of pull masonry system and construction method |
| CN113235735B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-03-15 | 西南交通大学 | Traditional bucket-penetrating type wood structure house with light partition wall and construction method |
| CN113235735A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-10 | 西南交通大学 | Traditional bucket-penetrating type wood structure house with light partition wall and construction method |
| CZ309301B6 (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-08-10 | Wienerberger s.r.o. | A building block, a wall built from it, and how to handle it |
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