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CN108467253A - A kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108467253A
CN108467253A CN201810086128.2A CN201810086128A CN108467253A CN 108467253 A CN108467253 A CN 108467253A CN 201810086128 A CN201810086128 A CN 201810086128A CN 108467253 A CN108467253 A CN 108467253A
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silicon carbide
nanometer line
precast body
carbide nanometer
line precast
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Inventor
李斌斌
袁小森
高岩
王武强
龙雪媛
刘后宝
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B30/00Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
    • C04B30/02Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/30Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide by thermal decomposition or by hydrolysis or oxidation of aluminium compounds
    • C01F7/306Thermal decomposition of hydrated chlorides, e.g. of aluminium trichloride hexahydrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/10Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
    • C01P2004/16Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer

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Abstract

A kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium aerogel material is it is characterized in that the silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium aerogel material includes silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, alumina aerogels, silicon carbide nanometer line passes through growth in situ, mutually winding crosslinking composition silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, alumina aerogels are uniformly filled among the hole of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, and density is 0.5 1g/cm3, the nano wire average diameter in the silicon carbide nanometer line precast body is 30 100nm, and average length is 2 10mm.Silicon carbide nanometer line precast body is prepared using atmospheric pressure cvd method, alumina aerogels are prepared using atmosphere pressure desiccation.The present invention has the advantage that:Silicon carbide nanometer line precast body forms good spacial framework, binding force is strong, is evenly distributed, and alumina aerogels are filled in nanoscopic network pore space structure, is combined in nano-scale with nano wire, good moldability by atmospheric pressure cvd method one-pass molding between nano wire.Preparation process is simple, it is easy to accomplish.

Description

A kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels material and its preparation Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high temperature resistant aeroge material and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of high-temperature resistant silicon carbide is received Rice noodles precast body enhances alumina aerogels heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aeroge is that low-density of the inside full of gaseous material that is formed as skeleton using nano-particle or high-polymer molecular is more Porous material material.Aeroge is most light in the world condensed state material, there is the title of solid-state cigarette.Aeroge not only has nanometer material The fundamental property of material also has high porosity, low-density, low refraction coefficient, low electrical conductivity, low heat transfer coefficient, propagates in a low voice Many good characteristics such as speed, in extremely-low density high temperature resistant heat insulation material, sensor sensor, high-effect electrode material, spy Kind of dielectric material, excellent adsorbent and filter, novel high-energy particle detector, solar absorption converter, efficiently Catalyst and catalyst carrier, special glass precursor etc. have very tempting application prospect.
The patent that number of patent application is 201310276044.2 uses organic aluminium salt for silicon source, by collosol and gel, aging, Liquid displacement, overcritical modification is dry, and the complex steps such as gas phase modification are prepared for the lump alumina aerogel of high rigidity, but It is that this preparation method is excessively cumbersome, and uses supercritical drying, it is of high cost to equipment requirement height, it is dangerous big, it is unsuitable for giving birth to Production.
Number of patent application disperses in the solution, later at a certain temperature will for 201610856015.7 with graphene oxide Aluminum salt solution is mixed into solution, and aluminium ion relies on Graphene gel, prepares alumina aerogels, the method by roasting later The alumina aerogels light weight of preparation, but mechanical property is poor, does not solve the problems, such as to use under certain loading condition.
The patent that number of patent application is 201010515083.X uses glass fiber reinforcement aerosil composite wood Material, uses ethyl orthosilicate for silicon source material, glass fibre is precast body, and methyl trimethoxy oxygroup or methyltriethoxysilane are Silicon source co-precursor, the wherein mass fraction of ratio fiber are 1%-15%, are had by aeroge prepared by this method good Mouldability, it is not easy to crack the advantages that, but the aeroge cannot use under 500 DEG C of temperatures above for a long time, cannot be 650 Used under DEG C temperatures above, and glass fiber diameter in the micron-scale not more than, fiber is coarse, does not solve fiber accounting weight Greatly, with the limitation of the good combination of the aeroge of Nano grade.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels material and its systems Preparation Method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention prepares silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, silicon carbide nanometer line by atmospheric pressure cvd method By growth in situ, self-crosslinking winds one-pass molding, and alumina aerogels are prefabricated in silicon carbide nanometer line by sol-gal process Gel in body opening gap, later by aging, constant pressure and dry prepares the alumina aerogels of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing.
A kind of preparation method of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels material proposed by the present invention, specifically Steps are as follows:
(1) preparation of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body:
1) melamine foam is pyrolyzed to obtain the growing substrate carbon foam of silicon carbide nanometer line, then impregnates carbon foam In the alcoholic solution of the ferrocene of a concentration of 0.01-0.1mol/L, takes out be dried for standby in 90-120 DEG C of baking oven immediately.
2) 1-3g Polycarbosilanes are ground to powder to be positioned in alumina crucible, 1) middle gained carbon foam is positioned over oxygen Change aluminium crucible top, alumina crucible is positioned in tube furnace under protection of argon gas, is warming up to the rate of 20 DEG C/min 1300-1400 DEG C, 5-7h is kept the temperature, cools to 450-500 DEG C with the furnace, be passed through 20-30sccm oxygen immediately, aoxidized 1-1.5h, go Except carbon foam matrix;Furnace cooling removal can be obtained fine and close silicon carbide nanometer line precast body.
(2) solgel reaction:
By AlCL3·6H2O is with molar ratio 1: (9-11) is dissolved in alcoholic solution, with AlCL3·6H2O molar ratios Be added formamide at 0.6: 1, stirs evenly;Be added dropwise propylene oxide solvent in whipping process later, additional proportion be with AlCL3·6H2The molar ratio of O is (4-6): 1, it is added dropwise in 1min;Later rapidly by solution with pre- with silicon carbide nanometer line The ratio of the volume ratio 1: 1 of body processed mixes, and stands and waits for gel, and it is wet solidifying to obtain silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide Glue.
(3) aging:
Silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel in (2) is put into the 70-80%'s containing ethyl orthosilicate Silicon carbide nanometer line precast body after aging is enhanced aluminium oxide wet gel by 50-60 DEG C of aging 20-24h in ethanol solution later It is put into ethanol solution and impregnates removal ethyl orthosilicate residual.
(4) dry:
The good silicon carbide nanometer line enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel of aging in (3) is put into Muffle furnace, it is dry in 50-60 DEG C For 24 hours, it is warming up to 200 DEG C of calcining 1h later, you can obtain silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1, which is silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, enhances alumina aerogels material structure schematic diagram, and 10 be nanometer silicon carbide Line precast body, 20 be alumina aerogels matrix;
Fig. 2 is the silicon carbide nanometer line precast body optics picture used in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is silicon carbide nanometer line SEM pictures in the silicon carbide nanometer line used in embodiment 1.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention And without limiting the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, various of equal value shapes of the those skilled in the art to the present invention It is as defined in the appended claims that the modification of formula falls within the application.
Embodiment 1:
(1) melamine foam is pyrolyzed to obtain the growing substrate carbon foam of silicon carbide nanometer line, then soaks carbon foam Stain is taken out be dried for standby in 90 DEG C of baking ovens immediately in the alcoholic solution of the ferrocene of a concentration of 0.01mol/L.
(2) 1g Polycarbosilanes are ground to powder to be positioned in alumina crucible, gained carbon foam in (1) is positioned over oxygen Change aluminium crucible top, alumina crucible is positioned in tube furnace under protection of argon gas, is warming up to the rate of 20 DEG C/min 1300 DEG C, 5-7h is kept the temperature, cools to 450 DEG C with the furnace, be passed through 20sccm oxygen immediately, aoxidize 1h, removes carbon foam matrix;With stove Cooling removal can be obtained fine and close silicon carbide nanometer line precast body.
(3) by AlCL3·6H2O is dissolved in molar ratio 1: 9 in alcoholic solution, with AlCL3·6H2O molar ratios 0.6: 1 is added formamide, stirs evenly;It is added dropwise propylene oxide solvent in whipping process later, additional proportion is and AlCL3· 6H2The molar ratio of O is 4: 1, is added dropwise in 1min;Later rapidly by solution with the volume with silicon carbide nanometer line precast body Ratio mixing than 2: 1, stands and waits for gel, obtains silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel.
(4) (3) silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel is put into the ethyl alcohol containing ethyl orthosilicate 70% It is molten to be put into ethyl alcohol by 50 DEG C of aging 20h in solution later for silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel after aging Removal ethyl orthosilicate residual for 24 hours is impregnated in liquid.
(5) the good silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel of aging in (4) is put into Muffle furnace, 50 DEG C Middle drying for 24 hours, is warming up to 200 DEG C of calcining 1h later, you can obtains silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels.
Embodiment 2
(1) melamine foam is pyrolyzed to obtain the growing substrate carbon foam of silicon carbide nanometer line, then soaks carbon foam Stain is taken out be dried for standby in 100 DEG C of baking ovens immediately in the alcoholic solution of the ferrocene of a concentration of 0.05mol/L.
(2) 2g Polycarbosilanes are ground to powder to be positioned in alumina crucible, gained carbon foam in (1) is positioned over oxygen Change aluminium crucible top, alumina crucible is positioned in tube furnace under protection of argon gas, is warming up to the rate of 20 DEG C/min 1350 DEG C, 6h is kept the temperature, cools to 500 DEG C with the furnace, be passed through 25sccm oxygen immediately, aoxidize 1.2h, removes carbon foam matrix;With stove Cooling removal can be obtained fine and close silicon carbide nanometer line precast body.
(3) by AlCL3·6H2O is dissolved in molar ratio 1: 10 in alcoholic solution, with AlCL3·6H2O molar ratios 0.6 : 1 is added formamide, stirs evenly;Be added dropwise propylene oxide solvent in whipping process later, additional proportion be with AlCL3·6H2The molar ratio of O is 5: 1, is added dropwise in 1min;Later rapidly by solution with silicon carbide nanometer line precast body Volume ratio 1: 1 ratio mixing, stand wait for gel, obtain silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel.
(4) (3) silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel is put into 70-'s containing ethyl orthosilicate 80% The silicon carbide nanometer line enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel after aging for 24 hours, it is molten to be put into ethyl alcohol by 50-60 DEG C of aging later in ethanol solution Removal ethyl orthosilicate residual is impregnated in liquid.
(5) the good silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel of aging in (4) is put into Muffle furnace, 60 DEG C Middle drying for 24 hours, is warming up to 200 DEG C of calcining 1h later, you can obtains silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels.
Embodiment 3:
(1) melamine foam is pyrolyzed to obtain the growing substrate carbon foam of silicon carbide nanometer line, then soaks carbon foam Stain is taken out be dried for standby in 120 DEG C of baking ovens immediately in the alcoholic solution of the ferrocene of a concentration of 0.1mol/L.
(2) 3g Polycarbosilanes are ground to powder to be positioned in alumina crucible, gained carbon foam in (1) is positioned over oxygen Change aluminium crucible top, alumina crucible is positioned in tube furnace under protection of argon gas, is warming up to the rate of 20 DEG C/min 1400 DEG C, 7h is kept the temperature, cools to 500 DEG C with the furnace, be passed through 30sccm oxygen immediately, aoxidize 1.5h, removes carbon foam matrix;With stove Cooling removal can be obtained fine and close silicon carbide nanometer line precast body.
(3) by AlCL3·6H2O is dissolved in molar ratio 1: 11 in alcoholic solution, with AlCL3·6H2O molar ratios 0.6 : 1 is added formamide, stirs evenly;Be added dropwise propylene oxide solvent in whipping process later, additional proportion be with AlCL3·6H2The molar ratio of O is 6: 1, is added dropwise in 1min;Later rapidly by solution with silicon carbide nanometer line precast body Volume ratio 1: 1 ratio mixing, stand wait for gel, obtain silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel.
(4) (3) silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel is put into 70-'s containing ethyl orthosilicate 80% The silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel after aging for 24 hours, is put into second by 60 DEG C of agings later in ethanol solution Alcohol solution for soaking removes ethyl orthosilicate residual.
(5) the good silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel of aging in (4) is put into Muffle furnace, 60 DEG C Middle drying for 24 hours, is warming up to 200 DEG C of calcining 1h later, you can obtains silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhances alumina aerogels material, which is characterized in that the nanometer silicon carbide It includes silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, alumina aerogels matrix, aluminium oxide gas that line precast body, which enhances alumina aerogels material, It is gel-filled among the hole of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body, the volume of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body and alumina aerogels Than being 1: 1, the density that silicon carbide nanometer line enhances alumina aerogels composite material is 0.5-1g/cm3, alumina aerogels base Body occupies the 80-90% of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels composite material quality..
2. high-temperature resistant silicon carbide nano wire precast body according to claim 1, enhances alumina aerogels material, special Sign is in the silicon carbide nanometer line precast body that silicon carbide nanometer line average diameter is 20-80nm, average length 2- 10mm, density 0.02-0.05g/cm3, for silicon carbide nanometer line by atmospheric pressure cvd growth in situ, self-crosslinking winding composition is fine and close Silicon carbide nanometer line precast body.
3. a kind of high-temperature resistant silicon carbide nano wire precast body enhances alumina aerogels material preparation method, feature includes following Step:
(1) melamine foam is pyrolyzed to obtain the growing substrate carbon foam of silicon carbide nanometer line, is then impregnated in carbon foam In the alcoholic solution of the ferrocene of a concentration of 0.01-0.1mol/L, takes out be dried for standby in 90-120 DEG C of baking oven immediately.
(2) 1-3g Polycarbosilanes are ground to powder to be positioned in alumina crucible, gained carbon foam in (1) is positioned over oxidation Aluminium crucible top, alumina crucible is positioned in tube furnace under protection of argon gas, and 1300- is warming up to the rate of 20 DEG C/min 1400 DEG C, 5-7h is kept the temperature, cools to 450-500 DEG C with the furnace, be passed through 20-30sccm oxygen immediately, aoxidizes 1-1.5h, removal carbon bubble Cotton matrix;Furnace cooling removal can be obtained fine and close silicon carbide nanometer line precast body.
(3) by AlCL36H2O with molar ratio 1: (9-11) is dissolved in alcoholic solution, with AlCL36H2O molar ratios 0.6 : 1 is added formamide, stirs evenly;Be added dropwise propylene oxide solvent in whipping process later, additional proportion be with The molar ratio of AlCL36H2O is (4-6): 1, it is added dropwise in 1min;Later rapidly by solution with silicon carbide nanometer line The ratio of the volume ratio 1: 1 of precast body mixes, and stands and waits for gel, and it is wet solidifying to obtain silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide Glue.
(4) ethyl alcohol that (3) silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel is put into the 70-80% containing ethyl orthosilicate is molten Silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel after aging is put into second by 50-60 DEG C of aging 20-24h in liquid later Alcohol solution for soaking removes ethyl orthosilicate residual.
(5) the good silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing aluminium oxide wet gel of aging in (4) is put into Muffle furnace, 50-60 DEG C Middle drying for 24 hours, is warming up to 200 DEG C of calcining 1h later, you can obtains silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels.
CN201810086128.2A 2018-01-20 2018-01-20 A kind of silicon carbide nanometer line precast body enhancing alumina aerogels material and preparation method thereof Pending CN108467253A (en)

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CN109628801A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-16 北京弘微纳金科技有限公司 Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation method
CN110606747A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-24 西北工业大学 Preparation method of isotropic ceramic nanowire preform
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CN113831105A (en) * 2021-10-14 2021-12-24 南京航空航天大学 High-temperature heat-insulation noise-reduction irradiation-resistant superfine fiber reinforced aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109628801A (en) * 2019-02-01 2019-04-16 北京弘微纳金科技有限公司 Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation method
CN110606747A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-24 西北工业大学 Preparation method of isotropic ceramic nanowire preform
CN110606747B (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-09-07 西北工业大学 Preparation method of isotropic ceramic nanowire preform
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CN111848205B (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-11-11 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Method for preparing high-temperature-resistant aerogel heat-insulating material by normal-pressure drying
CN111848205A (en) * 2020-07-13 2020-10-30 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Method for preparing high-temperature-resistant aerogel heat-insulating material by normal-pressure drying
CN113831105A (en) * 2021-10-14 2021-12-24 南京航空航天大学 High-temperature heat-insulation noise-reduction irradiation-resistant superfine fiber reinforced aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114524638A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-05-24 南京航空航天大学 Ultralow-thermal-conductivity nanofiber aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114920539A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-08-19 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 High-toughness radiation-resistant aerogel heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof
CN114920539B (en) * 2022-05-23 2023-03-10 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 High-toughness radiation-resistant aerogel heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof
CN115253938B (en) * 2022-08-10 2023-04-18 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 High-temperature-resistant anti-radiation elastic silicon carbide nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof
CN115253938A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-01 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 High-temperature-resistant anti-radiation elastic silicon carbide nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof
CN116789442A (en) * 2023-05-30 2023-09-22 西安交通大学 High-entropy disilicate nano-particle/amorphous silicon dioxide@silicon carbide nano-wire composite aerogel and preparation method and application thereof

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