CN108444157B - Mixed working medium filling system and method for acoustic energy refrigerator - Google Patents
Mixed working medium filling system and method for acoustic energy refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108444157B CN108444157B CN201810312274.2A CN201810312274A CN108444157B CN 108444157 B CN108444157 B CN 108444157B CN 201810312274 A CN201810312274 A CN 201810312274A CN 108444157 B CN108444157 B CN 108444157B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/003—Control issues for charging or collecting refrigerant to or from a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/004—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor with several tanks to collect or charge a cycle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed working medium filling system for an acoustic energy refrigerator, which comprises a helium pipeline, a hydrogen pipeline, a mixed working medium pipeline, a refrigerator filling area and a vacuumizing pipeline, wherein the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline are respectively provided with a helium high-pressure gas storage tank and a hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank which are measured and controlled by temperature and pressure, the tail end of the helium pipeline is respectively provided with a stop valve I and a stop valve II, the helium pipeline is connected with the hydrogen pipeline in parallel and is intersected with one end of a trunk of the mixed working medium pipeline, the trunk is provided with a regulating valve, each end of the branch is respectively connected with each to-be-filled working medium refrigerator, and the refrigerator filling area, the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline can be simultaneously communicated with the vacuumizing pipeline to finish vacuumizing; the filling method can vacuumize and fill mixed working media for a plurality of groups of working media to be filled in a plurality of batches of refrigerating machines; the invention ensures that the mixed working medium is convenient to prepare, the filling is fast and accurately controlled, and the operation requirement of batch filling is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mixed working medium filling system and a filling method for an acoustic energy refrigerator, and belongs to the technical field of low-temperature refrigerators.
Background
With the development of infrared technology, superconducting technology, aerospace technology, low-temperature medicine, low-temperature electronics and other scientific technologies, the low-temperature refrigeration technology has been greatly developed and applied. As a gas mechanical refrigerator for preparing cold by utilizing the periodic expansion and compression of gas in an expansion cylinder, the acoustic energy refrigerator has the advantages of compact structure, wen Ouan refrigeration, high refrigeration efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, and is correspondingly applied to various fields.
As a regenerative small-sized low-temperature refrigerator, the performance of the heat regenerator of the acoustic energy refrigerator has a great influence on the refrigerating efficiency, and the improvement of the performance of the heat regenerator to enable the performance of the heat regenerator to reach or approach to the ideal heat regenerating condition is also one of the key technical problems of the small-sized low-temperature refrigerator such as the acoustic energy refrigerator. The requirements of the refrigerators in different refrigeration temperature areas on the heat recovery performance are different, and the main means for optimizing the heat recovery performance is to develop the heat recovery device suitable for different temperature areas. However, some non-ideal heat recovery is inherent to the working fluid itself in a particular cycle and not due to imperfections in the regenerator, and thus to reduce the effects of such non-ideal heat recovery, one must begin with improving the heat recovery performance of the working fluid itself. When the gas working medium can be regarded as ideal gas or Van der Waals gas, the acoustic energy refrigerator has ideal backheating condition, and the refrigeration coefficient can be the same as that of a Kano refrigerator working between the same two heat sources. The existing acoustic energy refrigerator generally adopts helium as a refrigerating working medium, when a single gas working medium is adopted, non-ideal heat recovery factors are ubiquitous, the heat recovery performance of the refrigerator can be improved by adopting a mixed working medium, and the refrigerator can realize ideal heat recovery or close to ideal heat recovery conditions by matching with a proper heat recovery device. The invention provides a method for taking mixed working medium as a refrigerant in order to improve the refrigerating performance, and the refrigerating performance of an acoustic energy refrigerator can be greatly improved by adopting different mixing ratios of working medium in different refrigerating temperature areas according to the thermophysical characteristics of helium and hydrogen.
When the acoustic energy refrigerator works, another factor which has a larger influence on the refrigerating efficiency is the charging pressure of the refrigerator, when the charging pressure is increased, the refrigerating performance is enhanced, but the power consumption is increased, meanwhile, the resonance frequency is increased, the operation of the refrigerator is close to the resonance frequency point of the refrigerator, and the motor efficiency is highest and the power consumption is minimum at the moment, so that the charging pressure suitable for a specific working temperature area is optimized and selected by integrating the influence of various parameters.
In order to improve the heat recovery performance of the acoustic energy refrigerator and other heat recovery type small-sized low-temperature refrigerators to improve the refrigerating efficiency of the whole machine, mixed working media with different mole ratios need to be filled for the refrigerators in different working temperature areas; in order to integrate various parameters such as resonance frequency and the like, so that the motor has higher efficiency, better refrigeration performance and lower power consumption, the optimal inflation pressure is required to be selected for inflation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the demands of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mixed working medium filling system and a mixed working medium filling method for an acoustic energy refrigerator, wherein the mixed working medium is convenient to prepare, the filling is fast and accurately controlled, and the operation demands of batch filling are met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a mixed working medium filling system for an acoustic energy refrigerator is characterized in that: the device comprises a helium pipeline, a hydrogen pipeline, a mixed working medium pipeline, a refrigerator filling area and a vacuumizing pipeline, wherein the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline are respectively provided with a helium high-pressure gas storage tank and a hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank which are measured and controlled by temperature and pressure, the tail end of the helium pipeline is provided with a stop valve I, the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline which is provided with a stop valve II at the tail end are connected in parallel, the tail end of the helium pipeline is intersected with one end of a trunk which is provided with the mixed working medium pipeline, the trunk is provided with a regulating valve, each end of a branch which is provided with the mixed working medium pipeline is respectively connected with each refrigerant to be filled in the refrigerator filling area, and the refrigerator filling area, the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline can be simultaneously communicated with the vacuumizing pipeline to complete vacuumizing. When the working medium is mixed, the stop valve I and the stop valve II are firstly in a closed state, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank control the helium quantity and the hydrogen quantity in each tank through temperature and pressure measurement and control respectively, then the regulating valve is in a closed state, the stop valve I and the stop valve II are in an open state, and then the helium and the hydrogen are mixed in the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank, and simultaneously the control of the mole ratio of the helium and the hydrogen in the mixed working medium is realized.
As a preferable scheme, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank is provided with a helium pressure sensor and a helium temperature sensor, and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank is provided with a hydrogen pressure sensor and a hydrogen temperature sensor.
As a further preferable scheme, the helium pipeline further comprises a helium bottle, and the helium bottle is in inflatable communication with the helium high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline provided with a pressure reducing valve I.
As a further preferable scheme, the hydrogen pipeline further comprises a hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder is in inflatable communication with the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline provided with a pressure reducing valve II.
As a preferred scheme, each end of a branch of the mixed working medium pipeline is respectively connected with each to-be-charged working medium refrigerator, and a charging check valve and a charging pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline, so that the mixed working medium charging quantity in each to-be-charged working medium refrigerator is further accurately controlled by monitoring the charging pressure.
As a preferable scheme, the vacuumizing pipeline further comprises a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is communicated with the helium high-pressure gas storage tank or/and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline provided with a stop valve IV; the vacuumizing pipeline is also communicated with the filling area of the refrigerator through a pipeline provided with a stop valve III.
As a further preferable scheme, the vacuumizing pipeline is also communicated with each branch connected with each working medium refrigerator to be charged in the charging area of the refrigerator through a pipeline provided with a stop valve III, and the head ends of the branches connected with each working medium refrigerator to be charged are respectively provided with an air suction one-way valve. In order to ensure the purity of the mixed working medium and the mixing and filling accuracy of the mixed working medium, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank, the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank, the mixed working medium pipeline and the refrigerator filling area are vacuumized before filling.
As a preferable scheme, the mixed working medium is characterized in that the mixed molar ratio of helium and hydrogen for optimizing the heat recovery performance in different temperature areas is selected as follows: when the temperature area is between-20K and 20K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 10% of the total =90%; when the temperature zone is-100K to-20K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 =50%: 50%; when the temperature area is-200K to-100K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 =20%: 80%; when the temperature zone is < -200K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 ＝0％:100％。
As a further preferable scheme, according to the working temperature area of the mixed working medium, the corresponding mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is selected, and the mixed mole ratio n of helium and hydrogen in the required mixed working medium is calculated by using an ideal gas state equation pv=nrt 1 :n 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the corresponding helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the corresponding hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 1 :p 2 And the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank are matched with pressure sensors for observing, and filling and mixing of helium and hydrogen are carried out.
As a preferable scheme, the refrigerator charging area comprises a plurality of groups of parallel working medium refrigerators to be charged, and each working medium refrigerator to be charged is connected with the mixed working medium pipeline and the vacuumizing pipeline through tee joints respectively arranged in the refrigerator charging area.
As a preferred scheme, the parallel pipelines which are intersected at one end of the trunk road arranged on the mixed working medium pipeline are not limited to the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline, and the working medium pipelines of corresponding types and numbers can be arranged according to the requirements of mixed working medium components.
The invention also provides a filling method of the mixed working medium filling system for the acoustic energy refrigerator, which is carried out in the mixed working medium filling system and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) vacuumizing: vacuumizing the helium high-pressure gas storage tank, the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank, the mixed working medium pipeline and the filling area of the refrigerator through a vacuumizing pipeline;
(2) Proportioning and mixing of mixed working media: firstly, selecting corresponding mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen according to working temperature zone of mixed working medium, and calculating mixed mole ratio n of helium and hydrogen in required mixed working medium by using ideal gas state equation pv=nrt 1 :n 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the corresponding helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the corresponding hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 1 :p 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank is calculated 1 :p 2 After the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank are respectively filled with helium and hydrogen, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank are communicated to finish mixing;
(3) Filling mixed working medium into the working medium refrigerator to be filled: after helium and hydrogen are uniformly mixed, communicating the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank with the refrigerator filling area, filling mixed working media of the to-be-filled working media refrigerators in the refrigerator filling area, and then taking out the to-be-filled working media from the refrigerator filling area respectively to finish filling of the group of to-be-filled working media refrigerators;
(4) Multiple sets of filling: when the next group of working medium refrigerators to be charged need to be charged with mixed working medium, the next group of working medium refrigerators to be charged are respectively connected in the charging area of the refrigerators, then the working medium refrigerators to be charged are vacuumized and reach the preset vacuum degree, and the step (3) is repeated to complete charging so as to realize charging of multiple groups of working medium refrigerators to be charged;
(5) Filling in a plurality of batches: and (3) repeating the steps (1) to (4) when the pressure of mixed gas in the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank is too low to charge each working medium refrigerator to be charged or the mixing proportion of the working medium needs to be replaced, so that the mixed working medium charging of multiple batches of multiple groups of working medium refrigerators to be charged can be realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the mixed working medium charging system for the acoustic energy refrigerator, which is matched with the mixed working medium selection scheme for different refrigeration temperature areas, can rapidly select and prepare the mixed working medium in a molar ratio, can precisely and conveniently control the charging and the charging pressure of the mixed working medium, can vacuumize and charge the mixed working medium for a plurality of groups of to-be-charged working medium refrigerators in batches, can meet the batch charging demands of people to-be-charged working medium refrigerators, and has remarkable advancement and good popularization and application values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixed working medium charging system for an acoustic energy refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are shown below: 100. a helium line; 101. a helium cylinder; 102. a pressure reducing valve I; 103. helium high-pressure gas storage tank; 104. a helium pressure sensor; a 105 helium temperature sensor; 106. a stop valve I; 110. a hydrogen pipeline; 111. a hydrogen cylinder; 112. a pressure reducing valve II; 113. a hydrogen high pressure gas storage tank; 114. a hydrogen pressure sensor; 115. a hydrogen gas temperature sensor; 116. a stop valve II; 200. a mixed working medium pipeline; 201. a regulating valve; 202. filling a one-way valve; 203. a filling pressure sensor; 300. a refrigerator charging zone; 301. a working medium refrigerator to be charged; 311. a tee joint; 400. a vacuumizing pipeline; 401. an air extraction one-way valve; 402. a shut-off valve III; 403. a stop valve IV; 404. and a vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a mixed working medium filling system for an acoustic energy refrigerator provided in this embodiment includes a helium pipeline 100, a hydrogen pipeline 110, a mixed working medium pipeline 200, a refrigerator filling area 300 and a vacuumizing pipeline 400, the helium pipeline 100 and the hydrogen pipeline 110 are respectively provided with a helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and a hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 which are measured and controlled by temperature and pressure, the helium pipeline 100 with a stop valve i 106 at the tail end is connected in parallel with the hydrogen pipeline 110 with a stop valve ii 116 at the tail end, and is intersected with one end of a trunk circuit provided with the mixed working medium pipeline 200, a regulating valve 201 is provided on the trunk circuit, each end of a branch circuit provided with the mixed working medium pipeline 200 is respectively connected with each working medium refrigerator 301 to be filled in the refrigerator filling area 300, and the helium pipeline 100 and the hydrogen pipeline 110 are respectively communicated with the vacuumizing pipeline 400 to complete vacuumizing. When the working media are mixed, the stop valve I106 and the stop valve II 116 are firstly in a closed state, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 control the helium quantity and the hydrogen quantity in each tank through temperature and pressure measurement and control respectively, then the regulating valve 201 is in a closed state, the stop valve I106 and the stop valve II 116 are in an open state, and then the helium and the hydrogen are mixed in the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113, and simultaneously the control of the mole ratio of the helium and the hydrogen in the mixed working media is realized.
In this embodiment, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 is provided with a helium pressure sensor 104 and a helium temperature sensor 105, and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 is provided with a hydrogen pressure sensor 114 and a hydrogen temperature sensor 115.
In this embodiment, the helium pipeline 100 further comprises a helium bottle 101, and the helium bottle 101 is in inflatable communication with the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 through a pipeline provided with a pressure reducing valve I102; the hydrogen pipeline 110 further comprises a hydrogen cylinder 111, and the hydrogen cylinder 111 is in inflatable communication with the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 through a pipeline provided with a pressure reducing valve II 112.
In this embodiment, each end of the branch of the mixed working medium pipeline 200 is respectively connected with each to-be-charged working medium refrigerator 301, and a charging check valve 202 and a charging pressure sensor 203 are respectively disposed on the pipelines, so as to further accurately control the mixed working medium charging amount in each to-be-charged working medium refrigerator 301 by monitoring the charging pressure.
In this embodiment, the vacuumizing pipeline 400 further includes a vacuum pump 404, and the vacuum pump 404 is communicated with the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and/or the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 through a pipeline provided with a stop valve iv 403; the evacuation line 400 is also in communication with the refrigerator charging area 300 via a line provided with a shut-off valve iii 402.
In this embodiment, the vacuumizing pipe 400 is further connected to each branch connected to each working medium refrigerator 301 to be filled in the refrigerator filling area 300 through a pipe provided with a stop valve iii 402, and the head ends of the branches connected to each working medium refrigerator 301 to be filled are respectively provided with an air extraction one-way valve 401; in order to ensure the purity of the mixed working medium and the mixing and filling accuracy of the mixed working medium, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103, the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113, the mixed working medium pipeline 200 and the refrigerator filling area 300 are vacuumized before filling.
The invention also provides a helium and hydrogen mixing mole ratio selection scheme for optimizing the heat recovery performance of the mixed working medium in different temperature areas, which comprises the following steps: when the temperature area is between-20K and 20K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 10% of the total =90%; when the temperature zone is-100K to-20K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 =50%: 50%; when the temperature area is-200K to-100K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 :n 2 =20%: 80%; helium and hydrogen when the temperature zone is < -200KMolar ratio of gas mixture n 1 :n 2 ＝0％:100％。
In this embodiment, the corresponding mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is selected according to the working temperature region of the mixed working medium, and the mixed mole ratio n of helium and hydrogen in the required mixed working medium is calculated by using the ideal gas state equation pv=nrt 1 :n 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the corresponding helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 1 :p 2 Helium and hydrogen are filled and mixed in cooperation with observing the helium pressure sensor 104 and the hydrogen pressure sensor 114.
In this embodiment, the refrigerator charging area 300 includes an array of parallel-connected to-be-charged working medium refrigerators 301, and the refrigerator charging area 300 connects each to-be-charged working medium refrigerator 301 with the mixed working medium pipeline 200 and the vacuumizing pipeline 400 through three-way pipes 311 respectively provided.
In this embodiment, the parallel pipelines intersecting with one end of the trunk line provided in the mixed working medium pipeline 200 are not limited to the helium pipeline 100 and the hydrogen pipeline 110, and the working medium pipelines of corresponding types and numbers can be provided according to the requirements of the mixed working medium components.
The invention relates to a filling method of a mixed working medium filling system for an acoustic energy refrigerator, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) vacuumizing: firstly, a pressure reducing valve I102, a pressure reducing valve II 112 and a regulating valve 201 are in a closed state, a stop valve I106 and a stop valve II 116 are in an open state, and then a stop valve III 402, a stop valve IV 403, a filling check valve 203 and an air suction check valve 401 are opened to complete vacuumizing treatment of a helium high-pressure air storage tank 103, a hydrogen high-pressure air storage tank 113, a mixed working medium pipeline 200 and a refrigerator filling area 300;
(2) Proportioning and mixing of mixed working media: firstly, selecting corresponding mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen according to working temperature zone of mixed working medium, and calculating mixed mole ratio n of helium and hydrogen in required mixed working medium by using ideal gas state equation pv=nrt 1 :n 2 Corresponding ones of the helium high-pressure gas tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas tank 113 are pre-filledSet pressure ratio p 1 :p 2 Giving pressure p 1 Setting a reasonable preset value, then enabling the stop valve I106 and the stop valve II 116 to be in a closed state, opening the pressure reducing valve I102 and the pressure reducing valve II 112 to charge the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 respectively, and when the pressure p is the same as the pressure 1 A preset value is reached and the pressure ratio in the helium high-pressure tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure tank 113 reaches a preset pressure ratio p 1 :p 2 When the pressure reducing valve I102 and the pressure reducing valve II 112 are closed to stop filling, the regulating valve 201 is in a closed state, the stop valve I106 and the stop valve II 116 are in an open state, and the helium and the hydrogen are mixed in the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113;
(3) Filling mixed working medium into the working medium refrigerator to be filled: after the helium and the hydrogen are uniformly mixed, opening the regulating valve 201 and each filling one-way valve 202, controlling the opening of the regulating valve 201 and observing each filling pressure sensor 203, and closing the regulating valve 201 and the filling one-way valves 203 when the preset filling pressure is reached, so as to complete the filling of the group of working medium to be filled refrigerating machines 301;
(4) Multiple sets of filling: when the next group of working medium refrigerators 301 to be charged needs to be charged with mixed working medium, connecting the next group of working medium refrigerators 301 to be charged with mixed working medium to each tee joint 311 of the refrigerator charging area 300, then opening the air suction check valve 401 and the stop valve III 402, when the working medium refrigerators 301 to be charged are vacuumized and reach the preset vacuum degree, closing the air suction check valve 401 and the stop valve III 402, and repeating the step (3) to complete charging so as to realize charging of a plurality of groups of working medium refrigerators 301 to be charged;
(5) Filling in a plurality of batches: when the pressure of the mixed gas in the helium high-pressure gas storage tank 103 and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 113 which are communicated is too low to charge each working medium refrigerator 301 to be charged or the mixing proportion of the working medium needs to be replaced, repeating the steps (1) to (4), so that the mixed working medium charging of the multi-batch multi-group working medium refrigerators 301 to be charged can be realized.
According to the mixed working medium filling system for the acoustic energy refrigerator, before mixed working medium is mixed, the mixed working medium components are respectively measured and then mixed to obtain the substituted filled mixed working medium, the mixed working medium can be conveniently and rapidly prepared according to the mole ratio of the mixed working medium, the mixed working medium is respectively connected with each working medium refrigerator 301 to be filled in batches after being mixed, meanwhile, a filling pressure sensor 203 for detecting the filling amount is further arranged on a pipeline connected with each working medium refrigerator 301 to be filled, one-time mixing can be used for filling of a plurality of groups of working medium refrigerators to be filled, the working medium refrigerators 301 to be filled are independently monitored and controlled, and the filling is rapid and accurate.
The above can be seen in the following: the mixed working medium charging system for the acoustic energy refrigerator provided by the invention can be matched with the mixed working medium preparation scheme for different refrigeration temperature areas, so that the mixed working medium can be rapidly selected and prepared in a molar ratio, the mixed working medium can be precisely and conveniently selected and prepared in a molar ratio, the charging and the charging pressure of the mixed working medium can be precisely and conveniently controlled, and the multi-batch multi-group to-be-charged working medium refrigerator 301 can be vacuumized and charged with the mixed working medium.
Finally, it is necessary to point out here that: the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A mixed working medium filling system for an acoustic energy refrigerator is characterized in that: the system comprises a helium pipeline, a hydrogen pipeline, a mixed working medium pipeline, a refrigerator charging area and a vacuumizing pipeline, wherein the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline are respectively provided with a helium high-pressure gas storage tank and a hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank which are measured and controlled by temperature and pressure, the tail end of the helium pipeline is provided with a stop valve I, the helium pipeline and the tail end of the hydrogen pipeline are connected in parallel, the tail end of the hydrogen pipeline is provided with a stop valve II, the helium pipeline is intersected with one end of a trunk road provided with the mixed working medium pipeline, the trunk road is provided with a regulating valve, each end of a branch road provided with the mixed working medium pipeline is respectively connected with each working medium refrigerator to be charged in the refrigerator charging area, and the refrigerator charging area, the helium pipeline and the hydrogen pipeline can be simultaneously communicated with the vacuumizing pipeline to complete vacuumizing;
the helium high-pressure gas storage tank is provided with a helium pressure sensor and a helium temperature sensor, and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank is provided with a hydrogen pressure sensor and a hydrogen temperature sensor; the helium pipeline also comprises a helium bottle, and the helium bottle is in inflatable communication with the helium high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline provided with a pressure reducing valve I; the hydrogen pipeline further comprises a hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder is in inflatable communication with the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline provided with a pressure reducing valve II;
wherein, each end of the branch of the mixed working medium pipeline is respectively provided with a filling check valve and a filling pressure sensor on the pipeline connected with each working medium refrigerator to be filled;
the vacuum pump is communicated with the helium high-pressure gas storage tank or/and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank through a pipeline provided with a stop valve IV; the vacuumizing pipeline is also communicated with the filling area of the refrigerator through a pipeline provided with a stop valve III; the vacuumizing pipeline is also communicated with each branch connected with each working medium refrigerator to be charged in the refrigerator charging area through a pipeline provided with a stop valve III, and the head end of each branch connected with each working medium refrigerator to be charged is respectively provided with an air extraction one-way valve;
the mixed working medium is characterized in that under different temperature areas, the mixed molar ratio selection scheme of helium and hydrogen for optimizing the heat recovery performance is as follows: when the temperature area is between-20K and 20K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 ：n 2 10% of the total =90%; when the temperature zone is-100K to-20K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 ：n 2 =50%: 50%; when the temperature area is-200K to-100K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 ：n 2 =20%: 80%; when the temperature zone is < -200K, the mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is n 1 ：n 2 =0%:100%；
Wherein, the corresponding mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen is selected according to the working temperature zone of the mixed working medium, by leadingCalculating the mixed mole ratio n of helium and hydrogen in the required mixed working medium by using an ideal gas state equation pv=nrt 1 ：n 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the corresponding helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the corresponding hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 1 ：p 2 And the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank are matched with pressure sensors for observing, and filling and mixing of helium and hydrogen are carried out.
2. A filling method of a mixed working medium filling system for an acoustic energy refrigerator is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mixed working medium filling system of claim 1, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) vacuumizing: vacuumizing the helium high-pressure gas storage tank, the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank, the mixed working medium pipeline and the filling area of the refrigerator through a vacuumizing pipeline;
(2) Proportioning and mixing of mixed working media: firstly, selecting corresponding mixed mole ratio of helium and hydrogen according to working temperature zone of mixed working medium, and calculating mixed mole ratio n of helium and hydrogen in required mixed working medium by using ideal gas state equation pv=nrt 1 ：n 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the corresponding helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the corresponding hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank 1 ：p 2 The preset pressure ratio p in the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank is calculated 1 ：p 2 After the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank are respectively filled with helium and hydrogen, the helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank are communicated to finish mixing;
(3) Filling mixed working medium into the working medium refrigerator to be filled: after helium and hydrogen are uniformly mixed, communicating the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank with the refrigerator charging area, respectively taking out the refrigerator reaching the preset charging pressure from the refrigerator charging area after charging the mixed working medium of each refrigerator to be charged in the refrigerator charging area, and completing charging of the group of refrigerators to be charged with the working medium;
(4) Multiple sets of filling: when the next group of working medium refrigerators to be charged need to be charged with mixed working medium, the next group of working medium refrigerators to be charged are respectively connected in the charging area of the refrigerators, then the working medium refrigerators to be charged are vacuumized and reach the preset vacuum degree, and the step (3) is repeated to complete charging so as to realize charging of multiple groups of working medium refrigerators to be charged;
(5) Filling in a plurality of batches: and (3) repeating the steps (1) to (4) when the pressure of mixed gas in the communicated helium high-pressure gas storage tank and the hydrogen high-pressure gas storage tank is too low to charge each working medium refrigerator to be charged or the mixing proportion of the working medium needs to be replaced, so that the mixed working medium charging of multiple batches of multiple groups of working medium refrigerators to be charged can be realized.
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| CN110595121A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-12-20 | 佛山市顺德区鼎联智能科技有限公司 | Refrigerant mixing injection machine and refrigerant mixing injection method |
| CN112051008A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-08 | 珠海许继电气有限公司 | Single-interval cabinet body parallel vacuum leak detection device and method thereof |
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| CN1174315A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-02-25 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Refrigerating cycle |
| WO2014064270A1 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-01 | Cinetic Filling | Method and device for the high-rate charging of a shut down refrigeration circuit |
| CN104197591A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江大学 | Deep hypothermic heat regenerator adopting helium as heat regeneration medium and pulse tube refrigerator thereof |
| CN104764238A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-08 | 浙江大学 | Oil-free low-vibration GM type pulse tube refrigerator |
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| AU2003300845B2 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2008-04-10 | Hudson Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for optimizing refrigeration systems |
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| CN1174315A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-02-25 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Refrigerating cycle |
| CN1165279A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1997-11-19 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Apparatus and method for charging three-component mixed refrigerant |
| WO2014064270A1 (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-01 | Cinetic Filling | Method and device for the high-rate charging of a shut down refrigeration circuit |
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