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CN108431343A - 具有排出突起的地板 - Google Patents

具有排出突起的地板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108431343A
CN108431343A CN201580085522.9A CN201580085522A CN108431343A CN 108431343 A CN108431343 A CN 108431343A CN 201580085522 A CN201580085522 A CN 201580085522A CN 108431343 A CN108431343 A CN 108431343A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
floor
loading plate
floor according
discharge
protrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201580085522.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
迪特尔·多林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lignum Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Kronoplus Technical AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kronoplus Technical AG filed Critical Kronoplus Technical AG
Publication of CN108431343A publication Critical patent/CN108431343A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

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Abstract

本发明涉及地板10、具体为用于室外区域或潮湿区域的地板10，包括具有正面和背面的承载板11，其中，所述承载板11的所述正面上设置有装饰和/或保护层16。为了排出液体以及具体为了排水，所述承载板11的所述背面上施加有排出突起22，24，26，32。

Description

具有排出突起的地板
技术领域
本发明涉及地板以及这种地板的使用，该地板尤其适合于室外区域或潮湿区域并且能够以改善的方式排水。
背景技术
现有技术中，已知多种地板。对于地板在几乎没有被保护的情形下暴露于大气影响的室外区域(即，封闭房间的外侧)以及潮湿区域(例如在游泳池等的区域中)，通常使用被适当浸渍的实木板。为了排出表面水(例如雨水或滴水)，这些板通常安装在实心横梁上并且在外部区域中额外地安装在砾石层或砂层上。通常横梁的尺寸充分地设计为使得板的下侧面和/或背面分别与地面隔开。
对于室内区域，近年来，具体地广泛地使用所谓的层状板。层状板相对低廉并且易于安装。其通常基于MDF材料或HDF材料的承载板，在该承载板的顶面(正面)上施加多个树脂浸渍的纸。这种层状板不适合用于室外区域或潮湿区域中(例如，浴室、美容按摩区域、室内游泳池等)。MDF或HDF的承载板并非是抗潮湿的并且在较长时间的水接触下膨胀。通常使用的装饰纸还并非是抗紫外线的，使得印刷颜色随着时间老化，使得装置将在较短的时间间隔之后不美观。
已知的层状板共同具有的优点是可以使用所谓的点击连接(click connection)轮廓，即，设置在板的边缘上的特殊舌槽连接轮廓，这允许通过围绕连接轮廓的角运动进行简单的相互连接，使得板的安装对于外行人可以是简单的。
在相同申请人的WO 2014/053 186中，公开了改善的用于室外区域的地板，其利用对于在室外区域中使用时合适的材料和表面来结合用于室内区域的已知层状板的优势。在该文献中，地板被建议具有舌槽元件形式的连接装置，其中，地板包括由乙酰化木材、纤维水泥或聚氯乙烯的MDF或HDF构成的承载板。在地板的正面上，分别施加尤其适合于在室外区域中使用的特殊的装饰和/或保护层。为了允许排水(例如，雨水)，具体与这些地板相关地，地板地下应当设置有层、特别是粗砂层或砂层等等，并且板应担安装在该粗砂层上。因此，水可以流动离开被安装的地板之间的空隙并且进入粗砂层以及能够被合适地引导或渗漏离开而进入土壤中。粗砂还防止被安装的板层的背面较长时间间隔地处于水坑中(这对这些地板的合适基体材料也是永久有害的)。为了排水以及为了保护室外区域或具有较高潮湿应力的室内区域(即，湿润区域，例如在游泳池等等的区域中)中铺地板，通常使用地面排水。地面排水通常由合适的聚合物网格构成并且安装在地面和地板之间。地板或板靠在地面排水的网格上。这种地面排水允许快速排水，但是具有的缺点是需要额外的安装步骤以及用于该表面排水的较高费用。
本发明的目的是改善已知的现有技术以及具体地提供改善的地板，该地板在安装简化方面提供用于室内区域的已知层状地板的优势并且优选地允许省略单独的地面排水和/或砾石层或排水材料层。这些目的以及在阅读以下描述期间指出的其他目的对于本领域技术人员是清楚的并且利用根据权利要求1的地板以及根据权利要求21的使用方法来解决。
发明内容
根据本发明的地板包括具有正面和背面的承载板，其中，承载板的正面上设置有装饰和/或保护层。优选地，在侧面上，承载板包括舌元件和槽元件形式的耦接装置，耦接装置允许多个相似的板通过形状配合在平行于正面的方向上以及垂直于正面的方向上连接。优选地，耦接装置设置在地板的所有侧面和/或边缘上。在承载板的背面上，设置排出突起。因此，排出突起与承载板固定地连接或者与承载板一体成型，使得在这种地板的安装期间，不需要例如网格形式的分离的地面排水(尽管如果期望或需要时则可以额外地使用这些地面排水)。由于在地板上预先制造排出突起，所以这些地板的安装特别容易且快速。由于排出突起，所以一般不需要使用砾石层、砂层或粗砂层并且地板可以直接地安装在平坦且坚实的地板地面上。当然如果期望则还可以额外地设置这种砾石层、砂层或粗砂层。
优选地，排出突起粘接到承载板的背面，即，排出突起可以是利用合适的粘合剂粘接到背面的分离部件。特别优选地，熔融型粘合剂、特别是基于聚氨酯或聚烯烃的熔融型粘合剂用于在背面上粘接排出突起。这种熔融型粘合剂容易且快速地加工并且提供较高的抗风化性。
优选地，排出突起由熔融型粘合剂构成。因此，排出突起是利用粘合剂粘接到承载板的背面上的非分离部件，而是合适厚度的熔融型粘合剂条或点施加在背面上。在固化和/或冷却之后，这些粘合剂条形成新颖的排出突起。如果本文描述排出突起粘接在承载板的背面上，则还包括排出突起本身由粘合剂和/或用过的粘合剂构成的实施例。由粘合剂本身制造排出突起提供制造方面的巨大优势：承载板和/或地板必须简单地在相应布置的粘合剂喷嘴下被引导，使得可以利用较低廉的技术仪器以及利用较高的生产速度准确地施加突起。粘合剂施加装置可以容易地集成在地板的普通传输过程中使得板不需要从制造过程移除以用于施加排出突起。因此，生产速度可以保持在较高水平。
优选地，热熔型粘合剂是反应性粘合剂、具体来自聚氨酯或者具有至少45℃的抗热性的热塑热熔型粘合剂的组。抵抗热变形是重要的，排出突起具有足够的稳定性、甚至在增加的温度下也具有足够的稳定性，以维持形状。
优选地，排出突起包括圆形突起和/或细长肋。由此，肋可以在板的整个长度或宽度上或者垂直于其延伸，或者特别优选地，肋设置为沿着其纵向延伸具有多个间断。如果板在例如喷嘴下传输，如果喷嘴计时使得形成的肋构造为多个较小的单个肋的形式则较容易，其中，用于突起的材料通过喷嘴施加并且施加在板的背面上。对于这些形式中的每一个，施加喷嘴的较短脉冲。一个或多个肋的最终形式取决于喷嘴形式、计时和输出期间的传递速度。这对于连续肋是有益的，这是因为板的邻接区域可以保持空置，这允许轮廓的改善的机加工。另外，进一步改善排出并且并非取决于方向。
优选地，排出突起定向为彼此平行并且其间限定开口通道。如果排出突起位于地面或地层上，则开口通道用于例如地板下的雨水或地面水的排出。因此，在真实地面和地板的背面或下侧之间，构造流动通道，其中，水可以通过流动通道排出并且空气可以流动通过流动通道，以使安装的板的背面和/或下侧面干燥。
特别优选地，排出突起具体地在背面的整个区域上延伸。特别优选地，排出突起由此设置为平行的列，使得在安装状态下，两个或多个地板之间，相邻板的排出突起彼此对齐，使得开口通道在多个相邻的板上延伸。这允许特别有效的液体排出。
排出突起优选地具有2到40mm、更优选地3到25mm以及最优选地3到15mm的宽度。已经显示这些宽度足够强以提供地板的牢固安置。具体地，对于由粘合剂构成的排出突起的情形，这些宽度非常适合，这是因为能够简单地且良好地制造和/或施加这些宽度的粘合剂条。
排出突起具有优选地2到10mm、更优选地2到8mm以及最优选地3到6mm的高度。排出突起的高度界定板的背面和/或下侧面与地面之间的距离。由于排出突起的选择的高度，因此形成足够高度的突起之间的流动或排出通道，以提供、特别是在高出现率(highappearance)的可排出水的情形下提供牢固的排出系统。
优选地，排出突起包括细长肋，细长肋定向为彼此平行并且在其间的开口通道，其中，排出肋的顶点之间的距离在2到15mm之间、优选地4到12mm之间以及最优选地5到10mm之间。在肋的顶点之间的这种距离(相邻肋的中间对中间来测量)的情形下，形成足够大的开口通道并且肋形成用于地板的足够强的安置。
优选地，排出突起包括细长肋，其中，肋的长度取决于板的尺寸。优选地，肋将具有距板5-25mm的距离。
可以任意地结合排出突起的宽度、高度和长度以及距离的指定优选实施例。
优选地，肋包括具体半圆形的横截面。这里半圆形是指未成交但是弯曲的圆形形状的形式，并且具体为部分圆或部分椭圆等等。
作为用于承载板的材料，优选地，可以使用乙酰化木材的MDF板或HDF板、纤维水泥板或基于PVC或WPC(木材塑料复合材料)的板以及矿物棉的纤维板。这些材料很好地适合于例如在室外区域中并且同时在抗风化(特别是与潮湿相关地)中使用。
优选乙酰化木材的MDF板或HDF板。本领域中已知乙酰化木材。在乙酰化期间，利用乙酸酐在化学过程中处理用于制造MDF板或HDF板的木材和/或木纤维。由此，木材的结构永久地改变并且具体地这种被处理的木纤维的吸湿性明显地减小。这种被处理的木材的MDF板或HDF板令人惊奇地抗风化并且特别适合于在室外区域或潮湿区域(浴室、健康区域、游泳池等等)中使用。
已经总体显示纤维水泥板(从商标名称Eternit的供应商获知)也是通常合适的。纤维水泥板可以容易地处理并且具体地利用耦接装置设置在边缘上。另外，已经显示基于PVC或WPC的承载板也很好地适合于与新颖的排出突起结合。非常合适的还有基于矿物木纤维的纤维板，例如由公司Rockpanel分售。
优选地，装饰或保护层设置在正面上，其从：含箔的辐射固化丙烯酸酯或具有硬度梯度的聚合物层(其中，从聚合物层的表面观察，聚合物层的硬度具体地随着深度增加而连续地减小)构成的组中选择。
装饰和/或保护层可以由含箔的辐射固化聚丙烯酸酯构成。箔具体地是基于浸渍和/或涂覆有辐射固化丙烯酸酯系统的纸。例如可以通过利用电子射线或UV射线的处理提供辐射固化。这种箔例如可以从商标名“Elesgo”的DTSGmbH公司商购。装饰性聚丙烯箔(包括在可视面上的装饰，例如木材装饰的形式)也可以用作箔。装饰印刷再次由可辐射固化的丙烯酸酯清漆保护，这可同时抗风化。这种箔可以商购。作为用于这些特殊箔的替换例，已经显示具有硬度梯度的聚合物层包括需要的抗风化性质，这对于地板、例如用于室外区域的地板是必要的。根据本发明的具有硬度梯度的聚合物层的制造例如在相同申请人的WO 2008/061791中详细地描述，其通过引用整体结合于本文。综上，清楚装饰和/或保护层不一定是单个层而是可以包括协作以提供保护功能的多个不同的层。
使用箔以用于装饰和/或保护层，该层优选地通过粘合剂的方式、具体地通过聚氨酯粘合剂(例如聚氨酯熔融型粘合剂)粘接在承载板的正面上。聚氨酯粘合剂特别合适并且增加复合材料对天气影响抵抗性。在本文描述的所有实施例中，优选箔本身印刷有装饰图案，例如实木装饰物或石头装饰物或瓷砖装饰物。可替换地，箔还可以在没有自身装饰性装饰物的情形下实用使得其用于纯保护层。
优选地，纤维水泥的背面设置有不透水层以阻隔水的液体进入。纤维水泥板具有非常高的密度。一个侧面已经进入少量的水导致板向正面的弯曲，使得干扰安装的光学印模。例如可以通过乙酰化清漆设置背面的阻挡并且PVC箔可以通过聚氨酯熔融型粘合剂层叠。利用聚氨酯粘合剂施加的玻璃非织物提供非常好的保护。当使用基于纤维水泥板的承载板时，优选地玻璃非织物的且不透水的箔(例如PVC或乙酰化涂层)施加在纤维水泥板的背面上。
承载板具有优选地在3到20mm之间、更优选地在4到15mm之间、更优选地在4到12mm之间以及最优选地在5到10mm之间的厚度。这些厚度为合适地设计使得可以包括在承载板侧面中的槽元件和舌元件形式的耦接装置并且承载板具有足够的强度，使得地板非常有弹性。同时，承载板足够薄，使得需要相对轻的材料并且完整的板不太重，使得板易于加工或安装。
本发明还涉及用于制造地板的板、板的使用、特别是在室外区域中使用，其中，通过相应的耦接装置经由使板连接来安装上述板。由于设置在承载板的背面上的排出突起，板可以有益地在平坦且坚实的地面上没有砾石层、砂层或粗砂层的情形下进行安装。
本领域技术人员能够理解，还可以在承载板的被面上设置另外的层或薄膜，例如强化层、防潮层、冲击声隔音层等等，并且承载板的背面上的排出突起可以施加在这些额外的层上。仅仅必须的是排出突起能够实现其功能，即，当地板被安装时排出液体或雨水或漏水。
附图说明
以下基于附图详细地描述本发明，其中：
图1a和1b示出两个相似的地板的耦接装置的示意性剖视图；
图2a-2c示出排出突起的不同实施例的示意性剖视图；
图3a-3f示出排出突起的不同实施例的示意性俯视图；
图4示意性地示出用于在承载板的背面施加排出突起的装置。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出两个相似的地板10和10′刚好在彼此互相连接之前的部分示意性剖视图。地板10和10′包括承载板11、11′，承载板11、11′或者根据本发明由纤维水泥板、聚乙烯化合物、乙酰化木材的MDF板或HDF板或者基于矿物棉纤维的WPC或纤维板设置。板在其边缘上设置有槽元件14和舌元件15形式的耦接装置，这允许若干板在平行于正面的方向上以及垂直于正面的方向上通过形状配合来连接。由此，在每一个板上，舌元件14设置在纵向边缘并且相应的槽元件15设置在相对的纵向边缘上。在横向边缘上，通常设置互补耦接装置，其允许通过简单的下降在两个板之间进行连接。层状板制造领域的本领域技术人员知晓这种闭锁轮廓的细节，例如从相同申请人的WO 0 188 306或WO 0 148 332已知，其内容通过引起整体结合于本文。正如本领域技术人员将进一步从图1b(其中10和10′示为连接状态)推导出，在这种连接状态下不可能通过向图1b的左侧或右侧的水平移动使得两个板彼此分离，也不可能仅仅通过垂直提升使得右侧板10′松开与左侧板10的连接。因此，仅仅通过如图1示出的角运动才可能使板松开。在板的正面，设置装饰和/或保护层16，该装饰和/或保护层16可以根据本发明由含箔的辐射固化丙烯酸酯构成或者由具有硬度梯度的聚合物层构成。优选地，层16设置为具有装饰图案(例如实木仿造物)或者是透明的并且允许看到下面的装饰(例如可以直接设置在承载板的正面上)。
在图2a-2c中示出具有不同类型的排出突起的板的示意性剖视图。板10的侧面上设置有槽元件15和舌元件14并且在其顶面上设置有装饰和/或保护层16。在承载板11的背面上，设置防潮保护层20。另外，设置若干排出突起22，该排出突起22的横截面被示出并且在板10的整个长度上延伸进入排出平面中。因此，示出的排出突起形成为纵向肋并且具有例如2-10mm的宽度b和2-10mm的高度h。优选地，相邻的排出肋22的两个顶点之间的距离为2-15mm。排出肋22设置为彼此平行并且具体地具有半圆形横截面。由于两个相邻肋22的平行布置，所以形成用于排水(例如雨水或溅水)的开口通道22′。肋22可以在板的整个长度或宽度上间断的情形下来延伸，或者可以设置为具有间断(正如从图3a到3f的视图中更好地推导出)。在图2b中，还设置纵向肋24(其具体地为半圆形横截面)形式的排出突起，其中，肋24的横截面更确切地为节圆。还形成开口通道24′。在图2c中，形成肋26的排出突起具有截短的横截面。在该实施例，肋26也彼此平行并且界定其间的开口通道26′以用于排水。
图3a-3f示出不同排出突起的示意性俯视图，不同地并且仅仅示例性地形成并布置上述排出突起。在图3a中，示出布置成平行的5列的15个纵向排出突起。换言之，图3a的实施例示出五个较长的平行肋，其中，每一个肋包括两个空隙。图不一定是按比例的。实际上，单个肋例如仅几厘米长以及几厘米宽，其中，板例如是2m长以及40cm宽。然而，示意性视图很好地示出在本发明的范围内不同量以及尺寸的排出突起是可行的。在图3b中，排出突起形成为点或节。在这方面，突起也优选地布置成排和/或列。这种布置利用参照图4详细描述突起施加的喷嘴来导致简单的方式。一般地，优选每平方米施加超过100个排出突起、更优选地每平方米200个排出突起、更优选地每平方米400个排出突起以及最优选地每平方米600个排出突起。在图3c中，具体使用较长的肋，以及在图3d中，肋形成为普遍没有间断。在图3e的实施例中，突起设置为许多较短的肋的形式，以及在图3f中，肋的延伸垂直于板的纵向方向。本领域技术人员将理解，图3a到3f仅仅是示例性的并且在本发明的范围内几乎有无限种修改的可能性。
在图4a中示出用于在承载板11的背面上施加排出突起32的示意性装置30。承载板11在穿过装置30的箭头的方向上在传输装置34上传输。传输装置34包括旋转传送带35。附图标记36指代施加装置，其包括多个平行布置的喷嘴37，粘合剂条利用喷嘴37施加在承载板11的背面上。由喷嘴37均匀地施加粘合剂，并且由于承载板11在粘合剂喷射之下传输，所以在承载板11的背面上形成由施加的粘合剂构成的平行的、纵向的肋32。使用多个平行喷嘴37，在一个步骤中在承载板11的背面上可以施加多个平行的粘合剂肋32(即，排出肋)。可替换地并且具体为优选地，喷嘴被计时并且总是仅仅施加较短的材料带。由此，点或纵向肋形成为排出突起(其可以在技术可能的范围内根据需要较短)。设置用于使施加的粘合剂条和/或粘合剂肋干燥的具有附图标记38的装置。该装置可以利用例如热空气或电磁辐射等等以使施加的粘合剂条和/或肋32固化。附图标记39指代多余粘合剂可以流掉的收集装置。本说明书用于更好地理解本发明。保护范围由所附的权利要求限定。

Claims (23)

1.一种地板(10)、具体为用于室外区域或潮湿区域的地板(10)，包括具有正面和背面的承载板(11)，其中，所述承载板(11)的所述正面上设置有装饰和/或保护层(16)，其特征在于，所述承载板(11)的所述背面上施加有排出突起(22，24，26，32)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)粘接到所述承载板的所述背面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的地板，其特征在于，在所述背面上的所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)粘接有热熔型粘合剂、具体地粘接有基于聚氨酯的热熔型粘合剂。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)由粘合剂、特别是热熔型粘合剂构成。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述热熔型粘合剂是反应性粘合剂、具体来自聚氨酯或者具有至少45℃的抗热性的热塑热熔型粘合剂的组。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)包括点形式突起和/或纵向肋。
7.根据前述权利要求所述的地板，其特征在于，所述纵向肋(22，24，26，32)包括在其纵向延伸的方向上的多个间断。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)布置成平行的排。
9.根据前述权利要求所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)布置为彼此平行并且界定其间的开口通道(22′，24′，26′)。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)包括纵向肋，并且所述纵向肋(22，24，26，32)具有2到40mm、优选地3到25mm以及最优选地3到15mm的宽度b。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)具有2到10mm、优选地2到8mm以及最优选地3到6mm的高度h。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)包括纵向肋，并且其中，所述纵向肋布置为彼此平行并且界定其间的开口通道，并且其中，所述纵向肋的顶点之间的距离在2到15mm之间、优选地4到12mm之间以及最优选地5到10mm之间。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)包括纵向肋，并且所述肋(22，24，26，32)具体地具有半圆形横截面。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，每平方米设置大于100个所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)、优选地每平方米设置大于200个所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)、更优选地每平方米设置大于400个所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)以及最优选地每平方米设置大于600个所述排出突起(22，24，26，32)。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述承载板(11)的材料从：
●乙酰化木材的MDF板或HDF板；
●纤维水泥板；
●聚氯乙烯；
●基于WPC的承载板；
●具有750-1500kg/m3的密度的、基于矿棉纤维的纤维板，
构成的组中选择。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，在所述正面上的所述装饰和/或保护层(16)从
●含箔的辐射固化丙烯酸酯；
●基于聚丙烯的箔；
●具有硬度梯度的聚合物层，其中，从所述聚合物层的表面观察，
所述聚合物层的硬度具体地随着深度增加而连续地减小，
构成的组中选择。
17.根据前述权利要求所述的地板，其特征在于，所述箔通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘接到所述承载板的所述正面。
18.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述承载板(11)是纤维水泥板，并且在所述纤维水泥板的所述背面上施加玻璃非织物、例如PVC的不透水的箔、或丙烯酸酯涂层。
19.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述承载板(11)具有在3到20mm之间、优选地在4到15mm之间、更优选地在4到12mm之间以及最优选地在5到10mm之间的厚度。
20.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的地板，其特征在于，所述承载板包括在其侧面上的槽元件(15)和舌元件(14)形式的耦接装置，所述耦接装置允许多个相似的地板通过形状配合在平行于所述正面的方向上以及垂直于所述正面的方向上连接。
21.一种地板的制造或者地板的使用，包括以下步骤
提供多个根据权利要求1到20所述的地板；
通过相应的耦接装置使所述地板连接来安装所述地板。
22.根据前述权利要求所述的使用，其中，所述地板(10)在平坦坚实的地板地面上不使用砾石层、砂层或粗砂层的情形下安装。
23.一种用于制造地板、优选地根据权利要求1到20中任一项所述的地板(10)的方法，包括以下步骤：
●提供具有正面和背面的承载板(11)；
●在所述承载板(11)的侧面上施加槽元件(15)和舌元件(14)形式的耦接装置；
●在所述承载板的所述正面上设置装饰和/或保护层(16)，其特征在于，另外的步骤是在所述背面上施加熔融型粘合剂突起，并且之后进行固化和/或干燥以形成排出肋(22，24，26，32)。
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