CN108437447B

CN108437447B - FDM type 3D printing method

Info

Publication number: CN108437447B
Application number: CN201810490226.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王玉芹; 黄新坤
Original assignee: Suzhou Teng Teng Intellectual Property Advisory Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Teng Teng Intellectual Property Advisory Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-05-21
Filing date: 2018-05-21
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-21
Also published as: CN108437447A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of printers, in particular to an FDM type 3D printing method, wherein an FDM type 3D printer adopted by the method comprises a feeding mechanism, a moving mechanism, a supporting mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a waste material collecting mechanism; the feeding mechanism is convenient for adding molten materials with different colors into the ejecting mechanism, the moving mechanism is convenient for driving the ejecting mechanism to move, the supporting mechanism can support and connect the materials to be printed, the ejecting mechanism can eject the materials with different diameters, and the waste collecting mechanism can collect waste generated by pigment switching; separately place the material of each colour in the inside of collection dress chamber, then open the solenoid valve that corresponds position department according to the demand, can realize that the melting material whereabouts of required pigment prints, convenient operation, the switching of accessible solenoid valve carries out the transform of melting material colour, satisfies different demands, and application range is wide.

Description

FDM type 3D printing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of printers, in particular to an FDM type 3D printing method.

Background

The 3D printer is also called as a three-dimensional printer, is an accumulation manufacturing technology, namely a machine of a rapid prototyping technology, and is a machine which is based on a digital model file and manufactures a three-dimensional object by printing a layer of bonding material layer by using the bonding material such as special wax material, powdered metal or plastic and the like; state of the art three-dimensional printers are used to manufacture products; techniques for building objects in a layer-by-layer printing manner; the principle of the 3D printer is that data and raw materials are put into the 3D printer, and the machine can build the product layer by layer according to the program.

FDM type 3D printer is that one kind of 3D printer mainly prints through the melting material, and current FDM type 3D printer adopts the manual replacement that carries out different colours melting material mostly, and the remaining amount of last melting material easily pollutes the melting material that next will flow out when switching the colour, causes to print the quality not high, and the shower nozzle of different FDM type 3D printers need dismantle the replacement simultaneously, consuming time and wasting power. In view of this, the present invention provides an FDM type 3D printing method, which has the following characteristics:

(1) according to the FDM type 3D printing method, materials of all colors are separately placed in the assembly cavity, then the electromagnetic valves at the corresponding positions are opened according to requirements, molten materials of required pigments can fall down to be printed, operation is convenient, and the colors of the molten materials can be changed through switching of the electromagnetic valves.

(2) According to the FDM type 3D printing method, the plurality of spray heads with different diameters are communicated with the blanking pipe, the spray heads can be switched to proper sizes in a rotating mode according to the number of printed molten materials or the thickness of lines, so that different requirements are met, and the application range is wide.

(3) According to the FDM type 3D printing method, the rotating material receiving barrel is rotated to the bottom of the spray head when color replacement is carried out, the melt to be used is used for flushing the last melt, the spray head is wiped by the sponge plate, the melts of different colors are guaranteed not to interfere with each other when the melts are used, and the printing quality is improved.

(4) According to the FDM type 3D printing method, the clamping mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the supporting plate, printed materials can be supported and connected stably, meanwhile, loosening can be achieved through manual rotation, the plate supporting the printed materials can be taken out conveniently, and the method is convenient and rapid.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an FDM type 3D printing method, an FDM type 3D printer adopted by the method is convenient for adding molten materials with different colors into an ejection mechanism through a feeding mechanism, the moving mechanism is convenient for driving the ejection mechanism to move, a supporting mechanism can support the materials to be printed, the ejection mechanism can eject the materials with different diameters, and a waste material collecting mechanism can collect waste materials generated by pigment switching; the materials of all colors are separately placed in the assembly cavity, then the electromagnetic valves at the corresponding positions are opened according to requirements, so that the molten material of the required pigment can fall down for printing, the operation is convenient, and the colors of the molten material can be changed by switching the electromagnetic valves; the nozzles are provided with a plurality of different diameters and are communicated with the blanking pipe, so that the nozzles can be switched to proper sizes in a rotating mode according to the number of printed molten materials or the thickness of lines, different requirements are met, and the application range is wide; the rotating material receiving barrel is rotated to the bottom of the spray head when color replacement is carried out, the melt to be used is used for flushing the melt to be used, and the spray head is wiped by the sponge plate, so that the melts with different colors are ensured not to interfere with each other when used, and the printing quality is improved; the both sides of layer board set up clamping mechanism can hold in the palm the material of printing and connect, and is fixed stable, and manual rotation can realize relaxing simultaneously, is convenient for take out convenient and fast to the board that holds in the palm the material.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an FDM-type 3D printing method comprising the steps of:

s1, inputting the three-dimensional model into a computer;

s2, connecting the computer in the S1 with the FDM type 3D printer in a data mode, enabling the computer to form numerical control programming on the three-dimensional model, and conveying the numerical control programming to the FDM type 3D printer;

performing three-dimensional printing by using the FDM type 3D printer in S3 and S2;

s4, taking the three-dimensional model printed in the S3 out of the FDM type 3D printer;

s5, putting the three-dimensional model formed in the S4 into a cleaning solution for cleaning;

the FDM type 3D printer adopted in the method comprises a feeding mechanism, a moving mechanism, a base, a supporting mechanism, a spraying mechanism, a button and a waste collecting mechanism, wherein the supporting mechanism is movable and is arranged at the top of the base, and the moving mechanism is fixed at the edge of the side part of the base; the side part of the moving mechanism is fixed with the ejection mechanism, and the moving mechanism can drive the ejection mechanism to change the position; the feeding mechanism is fixed at the top end of the moving mechanism, and the bottom of the feeding mechanism is communicated with the ejection mechanism for ejecting the raw materials; the side part of the feeding mechanism is fixed with the waste collecting mechanism, and the ejecting mechanism is matched and connected with the waste collecting mechanism for collecting waste; the button is electrically connected with the feeding mechanism, the moving mechanism, the supporting mechanism, the spraying mechanism and the waste collecting mechanism.

Specifically, the supporting mechanism comprises a clamping mechanism, a supporting plate, a third pneumatic sliding block and a third pneumatic sliding rail, the third pneumatic sliding rail is fixed inside the base, and the third pneumatic sliding rail is connected with the third pneumatic sliding block in a sliding manner; the top of the third pneumatic sliding block is fixed with the supporting plate, and the two sides of the supporting plate are fixed with the clamping mechanisms.

Specifically, the clamping mechanism comprises a clamping plate, plate teeth and a turbine, the turbine is rotatably connected to the side portion of the supporting plate, and the turbine is meshed with the plate teeth fixed to the side portion of the clamping plate.

Specifically, the clamping plate is of an L-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket is arranged on the side part of the clamping plate; a sliding groove is formed in the side part of the clamping plate, and a sliding block is connected to the inside of the sliding groove in a sliding mode; the sliding block is fixed on the side part of the supporting plate.

Specifically, the moving mechanism comprises a first pneumatic sliding block, a first pneumatic sliding rail, a second pneumatic sliding rail and a second pneumatic sliding block, the second pneumatic sliding rail is fixed at the top of the base, and the second pneumatic sliding rail is connected with the second pneumatic sliding block in a sliding manner; the first pneumatic sliding rail is fixed between the second pneumatic sliding blocks, and the outer side of the first pneumatic sliding rail is connected with the first pneumatic sliding blocks in a sliding mode.

Specifically, the feeding mechanism comprises a booster pump, a first electromagnetic valve, a container, a pressing plate, a container cavity, an electric heating wire and a discharging pipe, the container is fixed at the top of the second pneumatic sliding rail, and the booster pump is installed on the outer side of the container; a plurality of the assembling cavities are arranged in the container at equal intervals, and the assembling cavities are communicated with the booster pump; the interior of the assembly cavity is connected with the pressing plate in a sliding manner, and the inner side wall of the assembly cavity is provided with the electric heating wire; the bottom of the container is communicated with the discharging pipe, and a first electromagnetic valve is arranged inside the discharging pipe.

Specifically, the spraying mechanism comprises an outer protective shell, a spray head, a second electromagnetic valve, a first motor and a first rotating shaft, the spray head is communicated with the blanking pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve is installed inside the spray head; the spray head is arranged on the outer side of the first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is connected with the first motor; the first motor and the spray head are both arranged inside the outer protective shell.

Specifically, a plurality of nozzles are arranged in an annular array at equal intervals, and the diameters of the plurality of nozzles are sequentially increased; the plurality of spray heads are communicated with the blanking pipe.

Specifically, the waste collecting mechanism comprises a shell, a second motor, a second rotating shaft, a sponge plate and a material receiving barrel, wherein the shell is fixed on the side part of the container, and the second motor is arranged in the shell; the second rotating shaft is installed at the bottom of the second motor and is rotatably connected to the edge of the base; the material receiving barrel is fixed on the outer side of the second rotating shaft, and the sponge plate is fixed on the top of the material receiving barrel; the top of the material receiving barrel is provided with a groove-shaped structure, and the sponge plates are fixed on two sides of the top of the groove-shaped structure of the material receiving barrel; the groove-shaped structure of the material receiving barrel is matched and connected with the spray head.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an FDM type 3D printer used in the method;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the charging mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the clamping mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cleat of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the ejection mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the waste collection mechanism shown in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. the feeding device comprises a feeding mechanism, 11, a booster pump, 12, a first electromagnetic valve, 13, a container, 14, a pressing plate, 15, a container cavity, 16, an electric heating wire, 17, a blanking pipe, 2, a moving mechanism, 21, a first pneumatic slider, 22, a first pneumatic slider, 23, a second pneumatic slider, 24, a second pneumatic slider, 3, a base, 4, a supporting mechanism, 41, a clamping mechanism, 411, a clamping plate, 4111, a rubber gasket, 4112, a sliding chute, 4113, a slider, 412, a plate tooth, 413, a turbine, 42, a supporting plate, 43, a third pneumatic slider, 44, a third pneumatic slider, 5, a spraying mechanism, 51, an outer protective shell, 52, a spraying head, 53, a second electromagnetic valve, 54, a first motor, 55, a first rotating shaft, 6, a button, 7, a waste collecting mechanism, 71, a shell, 72, a second motor, 73, a second rotating shaft, 74, a sponge plate, 75 and a receiving barrel.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the FDM type 3D printing method of the present invention includes the steps of:

s1, inputting the three-dimensional model into a computer;

the FDM type 3D printer adopted in the method comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a moving mechanism 2, a base 3, a supporting mechanism 4, a spraying mechanism 5, a button 6 and a waste collecting mechanism 7, wherein the supporting mechanism 4 is movably arranged at the top of the base 3, and the moving mechanism 2 is fixed at the edge of the side part of the base 3; the side part of the moving mechanism 2 is fixed with the ejecting mechanism 5, and the moving mechanism 2 can drive the ejecting mechanism 5 to change the position; the feeding mechanism 1 is fixed at the top end of the moving mechanism 2, and the bottom of the feeding mechanism 2 is communicated with the ejection mechanism 5 for ejecting raw materials; the waste collecting mechanism 7 is fixed on the side part of the feeding mechanism 1, and the ejecting mechanism 5 is matched and connected with the waste collecting mechanism 7 for collecting waste; the button 6 is electrically connected with the feeding mechanism 1, the moving mechanism 2, the supporting mechanism 4, the ejecting mechanism 5 and the waste collecting mechanism 7.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the supporting mechanism 4 includes a clamping mechanism 41, a supporting plate 42, a third pneumatic slider 43 and a third pneumatic slide rail 44, the third pneumatic slide rail 44 is fixed inside the base 3, and the third pneumatic slide rail 44 is slidably connected to the third pneumatic slider 43; the supporting plate 42 is fixed to the top of the third pneumatic sliding block 43, the clamping mechanisms 41 are fixed to two sides of the supporting plate 42, and therefore the material supporting plate can be clamped and fixed conveniently, and the processed material can be taken out conveniently.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the clamping mechanism 41 includes a clamping plate 411, plate teeth 412 and a turbine 413, the turbine 413 is rotatably connected to a side portion of the supporting plate 42, the turbine 413 is engaged with the plate teeth fixed to the side portion of the clamping plate 411, a plate to be loaded with printing materials is placed on the surface of the supporting plate 42, and then the turbine 413 is manually rotated to enable the turbine 413 to drive the clamping plate 411 to lift, so that the plate to be loaded with materials can be fixed on the surface of the supporting plate 42 by using the clamping plate 411.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clamping plate 411 has an L-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket 4111 is disposed on a side of the clamping plate 411; a sliding groove 4112 is formed in the side portion of the clamping plate 411, and a sliding block 4113 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove 4112; the sliding block 4113 is fixed to a side of the supporting plate 42 to improve stability and firmness of clamping.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the moving mechanism 2 includes a first pneumatic slider 21, a first pneumatic slide rail 22, a second pneumatic slide rail 23 and a second pneumatic slider 24, the second pneumatic slide rail 23 is fixed on the top of the base 3, and the second pneumatic slide rail 23 is slidably connected to the second pneumatic slider 24; the first pneumatic slide rail 22 is fixed between the second pneumatic slide blocks 24, and the outer side of the first pneumatic slide rail 22 is slidably connected with the first pneumatic slide block 21, so as to facilitate changing the position of the nozzle 52 for printing.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the charging mechanism 1 includes a booster pump 11, a first electromagnetic valve 12, a container 13, a pressure plate 14, a container cavity 15, an electric heating wire 16 and a blanking pipe 17, the container 13 is fixed on the top of the second pneumatic slide rail 23, and the booster pump 11 is installed outside the container 13; a plurality of the assembly cavities 15 are equidistantly arranged in the container 13, and the assembly cavities 15 are communicated with the booster pump 11; the interior of the assembly cavity 15 is connected with the pressure plate 14 in a sliding manner, and the inner side wall of the assembly cavity 15 is provided with the electric heating wire 16; the bottom of the container 13 is communicated with the discharging pipe 17, the first electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged in the discharging pipe 17, molten materials with different colors are placed in the container 13, the electric heating wire 16 is opened to keep the molten materials in a flowing state, the color needed to be used is determined, then the first electromagnetic valve 12 communicated with the bottom of the assembly cavity 15 is started, and the material can flow downwards by opening the booster pump 11.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the ejection mechanism 5 includes an outer protective shell 51, a nozzle 52, a second electromagnetic valve 53, a first motor 54 and a first rotating shaft 55, the nozzle 52 is communicated with the blanking pipe 17, and the second electromagnetic valve 53 is installed inside the nozzle 52; the spray head 52 is installed at the outer side of the first rotating shaft 55, and the first rotating shaft 55 is connected with the first motor 54; the first motor 54 and the nozzle 52 are both installed inside the outer protective shell 51, the first motor 54 is turned on according to the thickness of the lines of the object to be printed or the amount of the material to be discharged, the first rotating shaft 55 drives the nozzle 52 to rotate by using the rotation of the first motor 54, the proper nozzle 52 is positioned at the bottom end, the second electromagnetic valve 53 is opened by concentration, the molten material can be sprayed out, the moving mechanism 2 can move the nozzle 52 up and down and back and forth during spraying, and the supporting mechanism 4 can move the nozzle 52 left and right for 3D printing.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, a plurality of nozzles 52 are equidistantly arranged in a circular array, and the diameters of the plurality of nozzles 52 are sequentially increased; the plurality of nozzles 52 are all communicated with the blanking pipe 17, so that molten materials with different quantities can be sprayed out conveniently.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the waste collecting mechanism 7 includes a housing 71, a second motor 72, a second rotating shaft 73, a sponge plate 74 and a material receiving cylinder 75, the housing 71 is fixed to a side portion of the container 13, and the second motor 72 is installed inside the housing 71; the second rotating shaft 73 is installed at the bottom of the second motor 72, and the second rotating shaft 73 is rotatably connected to the edge of the base 3; the material receiving barrel 75 is fixed on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 73, and the sponge plate 74 is fixed on the top of the material receiving barrel 75; the top of the material receiving barrel 75 is provided with a groove-shaped structure, and the sponge plates 74 are fixed on two sides of the top of the groove-shaped structure of the material receiving barrel 75; the groove-shaped structure of the material receiving barrel 75 is connected with the spray head 52 in a matching manner, the second motor 72 is started, the second motor 72 is used for driving the second rotating shaft 73 to rotate, the material receiving barrel 75 rotates to the bottom of the spray head 52, molten material can be discharged to flush the molten material of the previous color from the discharging pipe 17 and the spray head 52, and then the raw material is used for printing.

The feeding mechanism 1 is used for conveniently adding molten materials with different colors into the ejecting mechanism 5, the moving mechanism 2 is used for driving the ejecting mechanism 5 to move, the supporting mechanism 4 can support materials to be printed, the ejecting mechanism 5 can eject materials with different diameters, and the waste collecting mechanism 7 can collect waste generated by pigment switching; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) when printing is carried out, a plate needing to receive printing materials is placed on the surface of the supporting plate 42, then the turbine 413 is manually rotated, the turbine 413 drives the clamping plate 411 to lift, and the plate needing to receive the printing materials can be fixed on the surface of the supporting plate 42 through the clamping plate 411; after the fixation is finished, the melting materials with different colors are placed in the container 13, the electric heating wire 16 is opened to keep the flowing state of the melting materials, the color to be used is determined, then the first electromagnetic valve 12 communicated with the bottom of the assembly cavity 15 is started, and the materials can flow downwards by opening the booster pump 11.

(2) According to the thickness of the lines of the objects to be printed or the amount of the materials to be discharged, the first motor 54 is turned on, the first rotating shaft 55 is made to drive the spray head 52 to rotate by the rotation of the first motor 54, the appropriate spray head 52 is positioned at the bottommost end, the molten materials can be sprayed by opening the second electromagnetic valve 53, the moving mechanism 2 can move the spray head 52 up and down and back and forth during spraying, and the supporting mechanism 4 can move the spray head 52 left and right for 3D printing.

(3) If the pigment needs to be switched, the opened first electromagnetic valve 12 is closed, the assembly cavity 15 which needs to use the proper pigment melt is determined, then the first electromagnetic valve 12 communicated with the bottom of the assembly cavity is opened, then the second motor 72 is started, the second rotating shaft 73 is driven to rotate by the second motor 72, the material receiving barrel 75 is made to rotate to the bottom of the spray head 52, the melt can be discharged to flush the last color melt from the discharging pipe 17 and the spray head 52, and then the raw material is used for printing.

According to the FDM type 3D printer, materials of all colors are separately placed in the assembly cavity 15, then the electromagnetic valves at the corresponding positions are opened according to requirements, molten materials of required pigments can fall down to be printed, the operation is convenient, and the colors of the molten materials can be changed through switching of the electromagnetic valves; the spray heads 52 are provided with a plurality of different diameters and are communicated with the blanking pipe 17, so that the spray heads 52 can be switched to proper sizes in a rotating mode according to the number of printed molten materials or the thickness of lines, different requirements can be met, and the application range is wide; the rotating material receiving barrel 75 is rotated to the bottom of the spray head 52 when color replacement is carried out, the melt to be used is used for flushing the melt used last, and the spray head 52 is wiped by the sponge plate 74, so that the melts with different colors are ensured not to interfere with each other when used, and the printing quality is improved; the both sides of layer board 42 set up clamping mechanism 41 can hold in the palm the material of printing and connect, and is fixed stable, and manual rotation can realize relaxing simultaneously, is convenient for take out convenient and fast to the board of holding in the palm the material.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An FDM type 3D printing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, inputting the three-dimensional model into a computer;

the FDM type 3D printer adopted in the method comprises a feeding mechanism (1), a moving mechanism (2), a base (3), a supporting mechanism (4), a spraying mechanism (5), a button (6) and a waste collecting mechanism (7), wherein the supporting mechanism (4) is arranged on the top of the base (3) in a movable mode, and the moving mechanism (2) is fixed on the edge of the side portion of the base (3); the side part of the moving mechanism (2) is fixed with the ejection mechanism (5), and the moving mechanism (2) can drive the ejection mechanism (5) to change the position; the feeding mechanism (1) is fixed at the top end of the moving mechanism (2), and the bottom of the feeding mechanism (2) is communicated with the ejection mechanism (5) for ejecting raw materials; the waste collecting mechanism (7) is fixed on the side part of the feeding mechanism (1), and the ejecting mechanism (5) is matched and connected with the waste collecting mechanism (7) for collecting waste; the button (6) is electrically connected with the feeding mechanism (1), the moving mechanism (2), the supporting mechanism (4), the ejecting mechanism (5) and the waste collecting mechanism (7);

the supporting mechanism (4) comprises a clamping mechanism (41), a supporting plate (42), a third pneumatic sliding block (43) and a third pneumatic sliding rail (44), the third pneumatic sliding rail (44) is fixed inside the base (3), and the third pneumatic sliding rail (44) is connected with the third pneumatic sliding block (43) in a sliding manner; the top of the third pneumatic sliding block (43) is fixed with the supporting plate (42), and the clamping mechanism (41) is fixed on two sides of the supporting plate (42);

the clamping mechanism (41) comprises a clamping plate (411), a plate tooth (412) and a turbine (413), the turbine (413) is rotatably connected to the side part of the supporting plate (42), and the turbine (413) is meshed with the plate tooth (412) fixed to the side part of the clamping plate (411);

the clamping plate (411) is of an L-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket (4111) is arranged on the side of the clamping plate (411); a sliding groove (4112) is formed in the side portion of the clamping plate (411), and a sliding block (4113) is connected to the inside of the sliding groove (4112) in a sliding mode; the sliding block (4113) is fixed on the side part of the supporting plate (42);

the spraying mechanism (5) comprises an outer protective shell (51), a spray head (52), a second electromagnetic valve (53), a first motor (54) and a first rotating shaft (55), the spray head (52) is communicated with a blanking pipe (17), and the second electromagnetic valve (53) is arranged in the spray head (52); the spray head (52) is arranged on the outer side of the first rotating shaft (55), and the first rotating shaft (55) is connected with the first motor (54); the first motor (54) and the spray head (52) are both arranged inside the outer protective shell (51);

the spray heads (52) are arranged in an annular array at equal intervals, and the diameters of the spray heads (52) are sequentially increased; the plurality of spray heads (52) are communicated with the blanking pipe (17);

the waste collecting mechanism (7) comprises a shell (71), a second motor (72), a second rotating shaft (73), a sponge plate (74) and a receiving barrel (75), the shell (71) is fixed on the side part of the container (13), and the second motor (72) is installed inside the shell (71); the bottom of the second motor (72) is provided with the second rotating shaft (73), and the second rotating shaft (73) is rotatably connected to the edge of the base (3); the material receiving barrel (75) is fixed on the outer side of the second rotating shaft (73), and the sponge plate (74) is fixed on the top of the material receiving barrel (75); the top of the material receiving barrel (75) is provided with a groove-shaped structure, and the sponge plates (74) are fixed on two sides of the top of the groove-shaped structure of the material receiving barrel (75); the groove-shaped structure of the material receiving barrel (75) is matched and connected with the spray head (52).

2. An FDM type 3D printing method as claimed in claim 1 in which: the moving mechanism (2) comprises a first pneumatic sliding block (21), a first pneumatic sliding rail (22), a second pneumatic sliding rail (23) and a second pneumatic sliding block (24), the second pneumatic sliding rail (23) is fixed to the top of the base (3), and the second pneumatic sliding rail (23) is connected with the second pneumatic sliding block (24) in a sliding mode; the first pneumatic sliding rail (22) is fixed between the second pneumatic sliding blocks (24), and the outer side of the first pneumatic sliding rail (22) is connected with the first pneumatic sliding block (21) in a sliding mode.

3. An FDM type 3D printing method as claimed in claim 2 in which: the feeding mechanism (1) comprises a booster pump (11), a first electromagnetic valve (12), a container (13), a pressing plate (14), an integrated cavity (15), an electric heating wire (16) and a discharging pipe (17), the container (13) is fixed to the top of the second pneumatic sliding rail (23), and the booster pump (11) is installed on the outer side of the container (13); a plurality of the assembly cavities (15) are arranged in the container (13) at equal intervals, and the assembly cavities (15) are communicated with the booster pump (11); the interior of the assembly cavity (15) is connected with the pressing plate (14) in a sliding manner, and the inner side wall of the assembly cavity (15) is provided with the electric heating wire (16); the bottom of the container (13) is communicated with the discharging pipe (17), and a first electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged in the discharging pipe (17).