CN108421505A - A kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction - Google Patents
A kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108421505A CN108421505A CN201810493628.8A CN201810493628A CN108421505A CN 108421505 A CN108421505 A CN 108421505A CN 201810493628 A CN201810493628 A CN 201810493628A CN 108421505 A CN108421505 A CN 108421505A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 94
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Radial-axial combined reactor disclosed by the invention suitable for strong exothermal reaction, its reaction zone includes cricoid high-temperature region, low-temperature space and heat transfer zone, high-temperature region, more first heat exchanger tubes are respectively arranged in low-temperature space and heat transfer zone, more second heat exchanger tubes and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes, catalyst is filled in the shell side of the second heat exchanger tube of shell side and Duo Gen of more first heat exchanger tubes, the tube-side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes is communicated with the water outlet of circulating hot water organization of supply, the tube-side inlet of more second heat exchanger tubes and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes is communicated with air inlet respectively, the outlet of the tube side of more second heat exchanger tubes and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes is communicated with the shell side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes respectively, the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes, the shell side of more third heat exchanger tubes, the shell side and intermediate channel of more second heat exchanger tubes are sequentially communicated.Space reactor utilization rate height, catalyst charging ratio height, synthesis gas residence time length, reaction temperature diversity, the tubulation high conversion rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical industry equipments, and in particular to a kind of radial-axial combined type suitable for strong exothermal reaction is anti-
Answer device.
Background technology
Chemical reaction is generally accompanied with heat absorption or exothermic reaction.Wherein convert synthesis gas to hydrocarbon by catalyst action
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or F-T etc. be strong exothermal reaction.Fixed-bed column reactor have catalyst detached with product, catalyst regeneration flow
The advantages that simple, has more wide application prospect in exothermic reaction.Shell-and-tube reactor divided catalyst fill heat exchanger tube it is outer and
Two kinds in heat exchanger tube, catalyst fill in heat exchanger tube can be more convenient from the direct loading and unloading of upper low head, and for catalyst
Shell-and-tube reactor outside heat exchanger tube, generally cannot be from the direct loading and unloading of upper low head, and loading and unloading is relatively difficult.Synthesis gas
Generally along the flowing of bed axial direction or Radial Flow, the more axial fluid interchange excellent in efficiency of Radial Flow, the residence time is long, but existing
With the presence of reactor space waste problem.And exothermic reaction, with the progress of reaction, conversion ratio can be improved by reducing reaction temperature, but
It is that existing reactor is not designed according to the temperature control of reaction different phase.For example, CN104368281A discloses a kind of tubulation
Formula reactor, including reactor babinet and multiple tubulations for being arranged at intervals in the reactor babinet, reactor babinet packet
Include babinet main body and the horizontal base for being fixed on the babinet bottom part body, be additionally provided on the reactor babinet with it is the multiple
The reaction raw materials import of tubulation connection and reacting product outlet, wherein at least one tubulation is relative to the horizontal base
It is obliquely installed.The shell and tube reactor can not be directed to the temperature control design of reaction different phase, it is difficult to meet the need of strong exothermal reaction
It wants.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide that a kind of space availability ratio is high, urges
Agent charging ratio height, synthesis gas residence time length, reaction temperature diversity, tubulation high conversion rate are suitable for strong exothermal reaction
Radial-axial combined reactor.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of radial axle suitable for strong exothermal reaction
To combined reactor, including cylinder, the both ends of the cylinder are connected separately with upper cover and low head, the upper cover
Upper perforated plate is installed between the cylinder, lower perforated plate is installed between the cylinder and the low head, it is described
It is provided with air inlet and gas outlet on cylinder, reaction zone is provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder, the reaction zone includes ring
High-temperature region, low-temperature space and the heat transfer zone of shape are provided with guide shell, the inside setting of the guide shell on the inside of the cylinder
There is guide cylinder, the guide shell and the guide cylinder are annular, are uniformly covered on the barrel of the guide shell and lead
The top and bottom of discharge orifice, the barrel of the guide cylinder offer pilot hole respectively, and the high-temperature region is located at described lead
In flow cartridge, the low-temperature space is located in the guide cylinder, and the guide shell is located at the outside of the guide cylinder, described
Guide shell outside and the inside of the cylinder between have first annular gap, the inside of the guide shell with it is described
Guide cylinder outside between have the second annular gap, the heat transfer zone is located in second annular gap, described
The inside of low-temperature space be equipped with intermediate channel for reaction gas to be discharged, be provided with upright more first in the high-temperature region
Heat exchanger tube is provided with more upright second heat exchanger tubes in the low-temperature space, is provided in the heat transfer zone upright more
Root third heat exchanger tube, more first heat exchanger tubes, more second heat exchanger tubes and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes top and bottom
It is separately mounted on the upper perforated plate and the lower perforated plate, the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes and described more
Catalyst is filled in the shell side of second heat exchanger tube, tube-side inlet and the circulating hot water of more first heat exchanger tubes are supplied
The water outlet of mechanism communicates, the water inlet phase of the tube side outlet and circulating hot water organization of supply of more first heat exchanger tubes
It is logical, the tube-side inlets of more second heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes respectively through first gas distributor with
The air inlet communicates, and the outlet of the tube sides of more second heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes is respectively through the
Two gas distributors are communicated with the shell side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes, the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes,
The shell side of more third heat exchanger tubes, the shell side of more second heat exchanger tubes and intermediate channel are sequentially communicated, the intermediate channel with
The gas outlet communicates.
The reactor of the present invention is in use, fresh synthesis gas enters more second simultaneously by first gas distributor first
The shell side of the tube side of heat exchanger tube and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes, Radial Flow at most the first heat exchanger tube of root is reacted, then radial flow
Move to heat transfer zone, then enter low-temperature space through the pilot hole at the top of guide cylinder, axially through more second heat exchanger tubes shell side into
Row reaction, the reaction gas generated after reaction enter intermediate channel from the pilot hole of guide cylinder bottom, go out after intermediate channel converges
Reactor.
The heat in reaction process high temperature area is taken away by circulating hot water organization of supply, the heat of the gas before entering low-temperature space
Amount is taken away by the fresh synthesis gas in more third heat exchanger tubes in heat transfer zone, and the heat of low-temperature space is by more second heat exchanger tubes
Fresh synthesis gas take away, it is seen then that reaction gas enter reaction zone when, Radial Flow to high-temperature region is reacted first, then
Radial Flow to heat transfer zone cools down, then enters low-temperature space at the top of guide cylinder, axially flows and is reacted along low-temperature space, and high
The temperature for the circulating hot water that the reaction temperature of warm area is provided by circulating hot water organization of supply determines, and the temperature of hot water is by catalyst
Active temperature determine, the reaction temperature of low-temperature space is by the temperature of fresh synthesis gas, the active temperature of catalyst and heat transfer zone
Heat transfer effect determines that good energy-conserving effect can avoid unnecessary energy dissipation.In the reactor of the present invention, synthesis gas is reacting
It is axially flowed after first Radial Flow in area, and can effectively reduce reaction temperature in reaction process, there is space availability ratio height, urge
The advantages of agent charging ratio height, synthesis gas residence time length, reaction temperature diversity, tubulation high conversion rate.
Preferably, the first gas distributor and the second gas distributor be separately mounted to it is described under
On tube sheet and the upper perforated plate, the first gas distributor be located at the heat transfer zone and the low-temperature space just under
Side, the second gas distributor are located at the surface of the heat transfer zone and the low-temperature space.Low-temperature space just under
First gas distributor and second gas distributor is respectively set simultaneously in side and surface, is conducive to the gas distribution effect for improving synthesis gas
Rate, it is ensured that the conversion ratio of subsequent reactions.
Preferably, the first gas distributor is the spiral shell dish-type being made of one or more closed first square tube
The tube-side inlet of gas distributor, more second heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes is respectively with described
One gas distributor communicates, and the radial direction of the first gas distributor is provided with more closed first total square tubes, institute
The air inlet stated is arranged on the low head, and the air inlet communicated with the air inlet is provided on the low head
Pipe, more first total square tubes are communicated with the first gas distributor and the air inlet pipe respectively.
Preferably, the second gas distributor is the spiral shell dish-type being made of one or more closed second square tube
The tube side outlet of gas distributor, more second heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes is respectively with described the
Two gas distributors communicate, the radial direction through the second gas distributor and the high-temperature region be provided with more it is closed
Second total square tube, more second total square tubes exchange heat with the second gas distributor and described more first simultaneously
The shell side inlet of pipe communicates.
First gas distributor and second gas distributor are spiral shell dish configuration, and the first gas of spiral shell dish configuration is divided
Cloth device and second gas distributor can be made of one or more closed square tube, and axial dimension is small, is conducive to the sky of reactor
Between save.The lower end and upper end of more second heat exchanger tubes and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes are respectively along first gas distributor and the second gas
Body distributor helically arrange by type, is conducive to synthesis gas even into reactor and reaction zone.
Preferably, being equipped with the charging for the annular to the low-temperature space loading catalyst on the upper perforated plate
Cylinder, the cartridge are located at the surface of the low-temperature space, are provided on the upper perforated plate multiple along screw type arrangement
Charging hole, constituting between the second square tube of the radially adjoining of the second gas distributor has gap, to described
Screw type gap is formed on second gas distributor, the orthographic projection of multiple charging holes is fallen in the second gas point
On the screw type gap of cloth device, several charging doors, several charging doors point are installed in the upper portion side wall of the cylinder
It is not communicated with the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes.The design of charging hole on above-mentioned cartridge combination upper perforated plate, is convenient for
The filling of catalyst feeds, and operability is strong.While by cartridge to low-temperature space loading catalyst, charging door can be passed through
It is easy to operate, quick to high-temperature region loading catalyst.
Preferably, multiple dumping pits arranged along screw type are provided on the lower perforated plate, multiple dischargings
Low-temperature space described in the face of hole, constituting between the first square tube of the radially adjoining of the first gas distributor has gap,
To be formed with screw type gap on the first gas distributor, the orthographic projection of multiple dumping pits is fallen described
On the screw type gap of first gas distributor, the discharging opposite with the low temperature zone position is installed on the lower perforated plate
Bucket, is equipped with several discharge ports on the lower sides of the cylinder, several discharge ports respectively with described more the
The shell side of one heat exchanger tube communicates.The effect of dumping pit and dump skip is to carry out discharging, discharging to the catalyst filled in low-temperature space
The effect of mouth is to carry out discharging to the catalyst filled in high-temperature region, keeps the discharging operations of low-temperature space and high-temperature region non-interference,
Ensure unloading efficiency.
Preferably, be equipped on the upper perforated plate every cylinder, it is described identical as the outer diameter of the guide shell every cylinder,
It is described to surround third annular gap every cylinder, the cartridge, the upper cover and the upper perforated plate, described more
The tube side outlet of first heat exchanger tube is communicated through the third annular gap with the water inlet of the circulating hot water organization of supply,
It is described every offering multiple first row stomatas on cylinder, be provided on the upper perforated plate and the first annular interstitial site
Opposite multiple second row stomatas, more second total square tubes are through multiple first row stomatas and described multiple
Two gas vents are communicated with the first annular gap.
Preferably, the circulating hot water organization of supply includes drum, high-temperature boiler water, institute are housed in the drum
The water outlet for the drum stated is communicated with the tube-side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes, the pipe of more first heat exchanger tubes
Journey entrance is located at the bottom of more first heat exchanger tubes, tube side outlet and the vapour of more first heat exchanger tubes
The air inlet of packet communicates.In use, high-temperature boiler water from the second heat exchanger tube that bottom enters high-temperature region, becomes after absorbing reaction heat
Drum is returned at steam, Natural Circulation is realized by density contrast.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：For reaction gas when entering reaction zone, Radial Flow is extremely first
High-temperature region is reacted, and then Radial Flow to heat transfer zone cools down, then enters low-temperature space at the top of guide cylinder, along low-temperature space axial direction
It flows and is reacted, and the temperature of circulating hot water that the reaction temperature of high-temperature region is provided by circulating hot water organization of supply determines,
And the temperature of hot water is determined by the active temperature of catalyst, temperature by fresh synthesis gas of the reaction temperature of low-temperature space, catalyst
Active temperature and heat transfer zone heat transfer effect determine, good energy-conserving effect, can avoid unnecessary energy dissipation.The present invention's is anti-
It answers in device, synthesis gas axially flows in reaction zone after first Radial Flow, and reaction temperature can be effectively reduced in reaction process,
With space availability ratio height, catalyst charging ratio height, synthesis gas residence time length, reaction temperature diversity, tubulation high conversion rate
The advantages of.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of reactor in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is A-A sectional views in the Fig. 1 amplified after 4 times；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view in the middle part of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is B-B sectional views in the Fig. 1 amplified after 4 times；
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view in the middle part of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the corresponding elevational schematic of dotted line frame at C in Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing embodiment, present invention is further described in detail.
The radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction of embodiment 1, as shown, including cylinder 1, cylinder
The both ends of body 1 are connected separately with upper cover 21 and low head 22, and upper perforated plate 23, cylinder 1 are equipped between upper cover 21 and cylinder 1
Lower perforated plate 24 is installed between low head 22, is provided with air inlet 251 and gas outlet 253 on cylinder 1, in the inner cavity of cylinder 1
It is provided with reaction zone, reaction zone includes cricoid high-temperature region 3, low-temperature space 4 and heat transfer zone 8, and the inside of cylinder 1 is provided with guide shell
11, the inside of guide shell 11 is provided with guide cylinder 12, and guide shell 11 and guide cylinder 12 are annular, on the barrel of guide shell 11
It is even be covered with have deflector hole（It is not shown in figure）, the top and bottom of the barrel of guide cylinder 12 offer pilot hole respectively（In figure not
It shows）, high-temperature region 3 is located in guide shell 11, and low-temperature space 4 is located in guide cylinder 12, and guide shell 11 is located at the outside of guide cylinder 12,
There is first annular gap 14, inside and the guide cylinder 12 of guide shell 11 between the outside and the inside of cylinder 1 of guide shell 11
There is the second annular gap 15, heat transfer zone 8 to be located in the second annular gap 15, the inside of low-temperature space 4, which is equipped with, to be used between outside
The intermediate channel 42 of reaction gas is discharged, is provided with more upright first heat exchanger tubes 31 in high-temperature region 3, is provided in low-temperature space 4
More upright second heat exchanger tubes 41 are provided with more upright third heat exchanger tubes 81, more first heat exchanger tubes in heat transfer zone 8
31, the top and bottom of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 are separately mounted to upper perforated plate 23 and lower perforated plate 24
On, it is filled with catalyst in the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 and the shell side of the second heat exchanger tubes of Duo Gen 41, more first are changed
The tube-side inlet of heat pipe 31 is communicated with the water outlet of circulating hot water organization of supply 7, the tube side outlet of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 with
The water inlet of circulating hot water organization of supply 7 communicates, the tube-side inlet point of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81
It is not communicated with air inlet 251 through first gas distributor 5, the tube side of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 goes out
Mouth is communicated through second gas distributor 6 with the shell side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 respectively, the shell of more first heat exchanger tubes 31
Journey, the shell side of more third heat exchanger tubes 81, the shell side of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and intermediate channel 42 are sequentially communicated, intermediate channel
42 communicate with gas outlet 253.
In embodiment 1, circulating hot water organization of supply 7 includes drum 71, and high-temperature boiler water is housed in drum 71, drum 71
Water outlet is communicated with the tube-side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes 31, and the tube-side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 is located at more first
The tube side outlet of the bottom of heat exchanger tube 31, more first heat exchanger tubes 31 is communicated with the air inlet of drum 71.
The radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction of embodiment 2, as shown, including cylinder 1, cylinder
The both ends of body 1 are connected separately with upper cover 21 and low head 22, and upper perforated plate 23, cylinder 1 are equipped between upper cover 21 and cylinder 1
Lower perforated plate 24 is installed between low head 22, is provided with air inlet 251 and gas outlet 253 on cylinder 1, in the inner cavity of cylinder 1
It is provided with reaction zone, reaction zone includes cricoid high-temperature region 3, low-temperature space 4 and heat transfer zone 8, and the inside of cylinder 1 is provided with guide shell
11, the inside of guide shell 11 is provided with guide cylinder 12, and guide shell 11 and guide cylinder 12 are annular, on the barrel of guide shell 11
It is even be covered with have deflector hole（It is not shown in figure）, the top and bottom of the barrel of guide cylinder 12 offer pilot hole, high-temperature region 3 respectively
In guide shell 11, low-temperature space 4 is located in guide cylinder 12, and guide shell 11 is located at the outside of guide cylinder 12, guide shell 11 it is outer
There is first annular gap 14 between side and the inside of cylinder 1, have between the inside and the outside of guide cylinder 12 of guide shell 11
Second annular gap 15, heat transfer zone 8 are located in the second annular gap 15, and the inside of low-temperature space 4 is equipped with for reaction gas to be discharged
Intermediate channel 42 is provided with more upright first heat exchanger tubes 31 in high-temperature region 3, upright more is provided in low-temperature space 4
Two heat exchanger tubes 41, are provided with more upright third heat exchanger tubes 81 in heat transfer zone 8, more first heat exchanger tubes 31, more second change
The top and bottom of heat pipe 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 are separately mounted on upper perforated plate 23 and lower perforated plate 24, and more first are changed
Catalyst is filled in the shell side of heat pipe 31 and the shell side of the second heat exchanger tubes of Duo Gen 41, the tube side of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 enters
Mouth is communicated with the water outlet of circulating hot water organization of supply 7, and the tube side of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 enters
It mouthful is communicated respectively with air inlet 251 through first gas distributor 5, first gas distributor 5 is located at heat transfer zone 8 and low-temperature space 4
Underface, more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 tube side outlet respectively through second gas distributor 6 with it is more
The shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger tube of root 31 communicates, and second gas distributor 6 is located at the surface of heat transfer zone 8 and low-temperature space 4, and first
Gas distributor 5 and second gas distributor 6 are separately mounted on lower perforated plate 24 and upper perforated plate 23, more first heat exchanger tubes 31
Shell side, the shell side of more third heat exchanger tubes 81, the shell side of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and intermediate channel 42 are sequentially communicated, and centre is logical
Road 42 is communicated with gas outlet 253.
In embodiment 2, first gas distributor 5 is to be distributed by the spiral shell dish-type gas that more closed first square tubes 51 are constituted
The tube-side inlet of device, more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 is communicated with first gas distributor 5 respectively, is run through
The radial direction of first gas distributor 5 is provided with four closed first total square tubes 52, and air inlet 251 is arranged on low head 22,
The air inlet pipe 252 communicated with air inlet 251 is provided on low head 22, four first total square tubes 52 are distributed with first gas respectively
Device 5 and air inlet pipe 252 communicate；Second gas distributor 6 is the spiral shell dish-type gas point being made of more closed second square tubes 61
The tube side outlet of cloth device, more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 is communicated with second gas distributor 6 respectively, is passed through
The radial direction for wearing second gas distributor 6 and high-temperature region 3 is provided with four closed second total square tubes 62, four second total square tubes 62
It is communicated simultaneously with the shell side inlet of second gas distributor 6 and the first heat exchanger tubes of Duo Gen 31.
The radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction of embodiment 3, the difference from example 2 is that,
In embodiment 3, as shown, being equipped with the cartridge 26 for the annular to 4 loading catalyst of low-temperature space, dress on upper perforated plate 23
Barrel 26 is located at the surface of low-temperature space 4, and multiple charging holes 27 arranged along screw type are provided on upper perforated plate 23, constitutes second
There is gap, to be formed with spiral on second gas distributor 6 between second square tube 61 of the radially adjoining of gas distributor 6
The orthographic projection in type gap 63, multiple charging holes 27 is fallen on the screw type gap 63 of second gas distributor 6, the top of cylinder 1
Multiple charging doors 16 are symmetrically installed on side wall, multiple charging doors 16 are communicated with the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 respectively.
The radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction of embodiment 4, with embodiment 3 difference lies in,
In embodiment 4, as shown, being provided with multiple dumping pits 28 arranged along screw type on lower perforated plate 24, multiple dumping pits 28 are just
To low-temperature space 4, there is gap between the first square tube 51 of the radially adjoining of composition first gas distributor 5, to first gas
Screw type gap 53 is formed on distributor 5, the orthographic projection of multiple dumping pits 28 is fallen between the screw type of first gas distributor 5
In gap 53, the dump skip 20 opposite with 4 position of low-temperature space is installed on lower perforated plate 24, is symmetrically installed on the lower sides of cylinder 1
There are multiple discharge ports 17, multiple discharge ports 17 to be communicated respectively with the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes 31.
The radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction of embodiment 5, with embodiment 4 difference lies in,
In embodiment 5, as shown, be equipped on cylinder upper perforated plate 23 every cylinder 13, it is identical as the outer diameter of guide shell 11 every cylinder 13, every cylinder
13, cartridge 26, upper cover 21 and upper perforated plate 23 surround third annular gap 18, the tube side outlet warp of more first heat exchanger tubes 31
Third annular gap 18 is communicated with the water inlet of circulating hot water organization of supply 7, every offering multiple first row stomatas on cylinder 13（Figure
In be not shown）, it is provided with the multiple second row stomatas 29 opposite with 14 position of first annular gap on upper perforated plate 23, four second
Total square tube 62 is communicated through multiple first row stomatas and multiple second row stomatas 29 with first annular gap 14.
The above-mentioned radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction in use, fresh synthesis gas first by into
Gas port 251 and first gas distributor 5 enter the tube side of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 and Duo Gen thirds heat exchanger tube 81 simultaneously, radial
The shell side for flowing to more first heat exchanger tubes 31 is reacted, then Radial Flow is to heat transfer zone 8, then through 12 top of guide cylinder
Pilot hole enters low-temperature space 4, is reacted axially through the shell side of more second heat exchanger tubes 41, the reaction gas generated after reaction from
The pilot hole of 12 bottom of guide cylinder enters intermediate channel 42, goes out reactor from gas outlet 253 after intermediate channel 42 converges.It should mistake
The heat in journey high temperature area 3 is taken away by circulating hot water organization of supply 7, and the heat of the gas before entering low-temperature space 4 is by heat transfer zone 8
Fresh synthesis gas in more interior third heat exchanger tubes 81 is taken away, and the heat of low-temperature space 4 is by new in more second heat exchanger tubes 41
Fresh synthesis gas is taken away, it is seen then that reaction gas when entering reaction zone, reacted first by Radial Flow to high-temperature region 3, then radial
The cooling of heat transfer zone 8 is flowed to, then enters low-temperature space 4 from 12 top of guide cylinder, axially flows and is reacted along low-temperature space 4, and
The temperature for the circulating hot water that the reaction temperature of high-temperature region 3 is provided by circulating hot water organization of supply 7 determines, and the temperature of hot water is by urging
The active temperature of agent determines, temperature by the fresh synthesis gas quoted from air inlet 251 of the reaction temperature of low-temperature space 4, catalyst
Active temperature and heat transfer zone 8 heat transfer effect determine, good energy-conserving effect, can avoid unnecessary energy dissipation.
By taking the radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction of embodiment 6 as an example, the course of work is：Make
Used time, fresh synthesis gas are sent into first gas distributor 5 through air inlet 251；Fresh synthesis gas enters first gas distributor 5
Afterwards, enter simultaneously in tube side and the heat transfer zone 8 of more second heat exchanger tubes 41 in low-temperature space 4 through four first total square tubes 52
The tube side of more third heat exchanger tubes 81, then exported from the tube side of the second heat exchanger tube 41 and flow into four second total square tubes 62, through four
Second total square tube 62 enters the second annular gap 15, subsequently into first annular gap 14, after through 11 radial inflow of guide shell
The shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes 31 in high-temperature region 3, is reacted, reaction process in the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes 31
High temperature boiler water becomes steam and returns to drum 71 from the second heat exchanger tube 41 that bottom enters high-temperature region 3 after absorbing reaction heat,
Natural Circulation is realized by density contrast, the synthesis gas after cooling goes out guide shell 11, and radial inflow heat transfer zone 8 exchanges heat with more thirds
The fresh synthesis gas of the low temperature flowed through in the tube side of pipe 81 carries out heat exchange, and the synthesis gas after temperature reduction is through 12 top of guide cylinder
Pilot hole enter low-temperature space 4, reacted axially through low-temperature space 4, the reaction gas generated after reaction is from 12 bottom of guide cylinder
Pilot hole enter intermediate channel 42, go out reactor from gas outlet 253 after intermediate channel 42 converges.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction, including cylinder, the both ends point of the cylinder
Be not connected with upper cover and low head, upper perforated plate be installed between the upper cover and the cylinder, the cylinder with
Lower perforated plate is installed between the low head, is provided with air inlet and gas outlet on the cylinder, the cylinder it is interior
Reaction zone is provided in chamber, it is characterised in that：The reaction zone includes cricoid high-temperature region, low-temperature space and heat transfer zone, described
Cylinder on the inside of be provided with guide shell, be provided with guide cylinder on the inside of the guide shell, the guide shell and described
Guide cylinder is annular, and being uniformly covered on the barrel of the guide shell has deflector hole, the top of the barrel of the guide cylinder
Pilot hole is offered respectively with bottom, and the high-temperature region is located in the guide shell, and the low-temperature space is located at described
In guide cylinder, the guide shell is located at the outside of the guide cylinder, the outside of the guide shell and the cylinder
There is first annular gap between inside, there is the second ring between the inside of the guide shell and the outside of the guide cylinder
Shape gap, the heat transfer zone are located in second annular gap, and the inside of the low-temperature space is equipped with for being discharged instead
Should gas intermediate channel, be provided with more upright first heat exchanger tubes in the high-temperature region, be provided in the low-temperature space
More upright second heat exchanger tubes, are provided with more upright third heat exchanger tubes in the heat transfer zone, described more first
The top and bottom of heat exchanger tube, more second heat exchanger tubes and Duo Gen third heat exchanger tubes are separately mounted to the upper perforated plate and described
Lower perforated plate on, in the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes and the shell side of more second heat exchanger tubes be filled with urge
The tube-side inlet of agent, more first heat exchanger tubes is communicated with the water outlet of circulating hot water organization of supply, described more
The tube side outlet of first heat exchanger tube is communicated with the water inlet of circulating hot water organization of supply, more second heat exchanger tubes and described
The tube-side inlets of more third heat exchanger tubes communicated respectively with the air inlet through first gas distributor, described more
The tube side of two heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes exports respectively through second gas distributor and described more first
The shell side inlet of heat exchanger tube communicates, the shell side of more first heat exchanger tubes, the shell side of more third heat exchanger tubes, more second
The shell side and intermediate channel of heat exchanger tube are sequentially communicated, and the intermediate channel is communicated with the gas outlet.
2. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The first gas distributor and the second gas distributor are separately mounted to the lower perforated plate and described upper
On tube sheet, the first gas distributor is located at the underface of the heat transfer zone and the low-temperature space, and described second
Gas distributor is located at the surface of the heat transfer zone and the low-temperature space.
3. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 2, feature exist
In：The first gas distributor is the spiral shell dish-type gas distributor being made of one or more closed first square tube, institute
The tube-side inlet of more second heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes stated respectively with the first gas distributor
It communicates, the radial direction of the first gas distributor is provided with more closed first total square tubes, the air inlet is set
It sets on the low head, is provided with the air inlet pipe communicated with the air inlet on the low head, described more
First total square tube is communicated with the first gas distributor and the air inlet pipe respectively.
4. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 2, feature exist
In：The second gas distributor is the spiral shell dish-type gas distributor being made of one or more closed second square tube, institute
More second heat exchanger tubes and the more third heat exchanger tubes stated tube side outlet respectively with the second gas distributor
It communicating, the radial direction through the second gas distributor and the high-temperature region is provided with more closed second total square tubes,
More second total square tubes enter with the shell side of the second gas distributor and more first heat exchanger tubes simultaneously
Mouth communicates.
5. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 4, feature exist
In：Cartridge for from the annular to the low-temperature space loading catalyst, the charging are installed on the upper perforated plate
Cylinder is located at the surface of the low-temperature space, and multiple charging holes arranged along screw type are provided on the upper perforated plate, constitutes
There is gap, to the second gas distributor between second square tube of the radially adjoining of the second gas distributor
On be formed with screw type gap, the orthographic projection of multiple charging holes is fallen between the screw type of the second gas distributor
In gap, several charging doors are installed in the upper portion side wall of the cylinder, several charging doors respectively with described more
The shell side of first heat exchanger tube communicates.
6. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 5, feature exist
In：Multiple dumping pits arranged along screw type are provided on the lower perforated plate, it is low described in multiple dumping pit faces
Warm area, constituting between the first square tube of the radially adjoining of the first gas distributor has gap, to described first
Screw type gap is formed on gas distributor, the orthographic projection of multiple dumping pits is fallen in the first gas distributor
Screw type gap on, the dump skip opposite with the low temperature zone position, the cylinder are installed on the lower perforated plate
Lower sides on several discharge ports are installed, several discharge ports shell side with more first heat exchanger tubes respectively
It communicates.
7. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 5, feature exist
In：It is equipped on the upper perforated plate every cylinder, it is described identical as the outer diameter of the guide shell every cylinder, it is described every cylinder, institute
Cartridge, the upper cover and the upper perforated plate stated surround third annular gap, more first heat exchanger tubes
Tube side outlet is communicated through the third annular gap with the water inlet of the circulating hot water organization of supply, described every on cylinder
Multiple first row stomatas are offered, multiple opposite with the first annular interstitial site are provided on the upper perforated plate
Two gas vents, more second total square tubes are through multiple first row stomatas and multiple second row stomatas and institute
The first annular gap stated communicates.
8. a kind of radial-axial combined reactor suitable for strong exothermal reaction according to claim 1, feature exist
In：The circulating hot water organization of supply includes drum, and high-temperature boiler water, the water outlet of the drum are housed in the drum
Mouth is communicated with the tube-side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes, and the tube-side inlet of more first heat exchanger tubes is positioned at described
More first heat exchanger tubes bottom, more first heat exchanger tubes tube side outlet and the drum air inlet phase
It is logical.
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