CN108409734A - 吡啶并嘧啶类hiv-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
吡啶并嘧啶类hiv-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108409734A CN108409734A CN201810325303.9A CN201810325303A CN108409734A CN 108409734 A CN108409734 A CN 108409734A CN 201810325303 A CN201810325303 A CN 201810325303A CN 108409734 A CN108409734 A CN 108409734A
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- chloride
- pyridopyrimidine
- bromide
- hiv
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- 101900297506 Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype B Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Proteins 0.000 title claims description 20
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- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- AIDS & HIV (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种吡啶并嘧啶类HIV‑1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法和应用。所述化合物具有式I的结构。本发明还涉及含有式I结构化合物的药物组合物。本发明还提供上述化合物以及含有一个或多个此类化合物的组合物在制备治疗和预防人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)药物中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化合物合成与医药应用技术领域,具体涉及一种吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
艾滋病(AIDS)是由人体免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染并导致人体防御机能缺陷(尤其是细胞介导的免疫机能缺陷),而易于发生机会性感染和肿瘤的临床综合征,属于“重大新药创制”科技重大专项列出的10类严重危害我国人民健康的重大疾病之一。目前我国HIV/AIDS流行已经进入快速增长期,感染人数已超过70万。目前总感染人数已超过70万,且滋病防治工作面临一些新的挑战,如性传播成为主要传播途径,男性同性性行为人群疫情上升明显,配偶间传播增加;抗艾滋病病毒治疗耐药增多加大了治疗的压力和难度等。另外,我国用于免费临床治疗的抗HIV药物大多为专利过期的仿制药物,品种少,价格昂贵,且毒副作用大,无法满足患者的临床需求。因此,立足自主创新,研发具有自主知识产权的治疗艾滋病的原创药物,为国民提供安全、有效和价廉的药物,是我国医药发展的一项重大战略。
HIV-1逆转录酶(reverse transcriptase,RT)在该病毒的复制周期中具有关键性的作用,使其成为抗HIV-1药物研发的重要靶点。作用于RT的抑制剂主要分为核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors,NRTIs)和非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors,NNRTIs)。其中,NNRTIs由于其活性高、选择性强、毒性低等诸多优点,是目前治疗艾滋病高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)重要组成部分。但是NNRTIs在临床治疗出现的耐药性、毒副作用以及药代动力学性质差的问题在一定程度上限制了其临床应用。因此,研发新型高效低毒、广谱抗耐药以及具有良好药代动力学性质的新型NNRTI是目前抗艾滋病药物研究的重要方向之一。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法,本发明还提供上述化合物作为HIV-逆转录酶抑制剂的活性筛选结果及其应用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
1.吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂
一种吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂,或其药学上可接受的盐,具有通式I所示的结构:
其中,
R为:CH3,CN或者CH=CHCN;
X为:C或N;
Y为:C或N;
U为:C或N;
V为:C或N;
并且X、Y、U、V有且只有一个为C原子;
Ar为:苯基或吡啶基;或SO2NH2,SO2CH3,CONH2,卤素,NO2,CN,NH2,CF3,NHCH3,OH,COOH,CH2OH,CO2Me,OCH3,NHCOCH3取代的苯基;取代基为邻、间、对位单取代或多取代。
根据本发明优选的,吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂是下列化合物之一:
本发明中所述的“药学上可接受的盐”是指在可靠的医药评价范围内,化合物的盐类适于与人或较低等动物的组织相接触而无不适当的毒性、刺激及过敏反应等,具有相当合理的收益与风险比例,通常是水或油可溶的或可分散的,并可有效地用于其预期的用途。包括药学上可接受的酸加成盐和药学上可接受的碱加成盐,在这里是可做预期的用途并与式I化合物的化学性质相容的。适宜的盐的列表参见S.M.Birge等,J.Pharm.Sci.,1977,66,1-19页。
2.吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂的制备方法
吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂的制备方法,步骤包括:以2,4-二氯取代的吡啶并嘧啶1为初始原料,首先在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中与取代苯酚或苯胺经亲核取代生成中间体2;然后中间体2与N-Boc-4-氨基哌啶经亲核取代反应生成中间体3,进而在三氟乙酸中脱去Boc保护得到中间体4;最后4经与各种取代氯苄或溴苄的反应生成目标产物5;合成路线如下:
试剂及条件:(i)取代苯酚或苯胺,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,碳酸钾,室温;(ii)N-Boc-4-氨基哌啶,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,碳酸钾,100℃;(iii)二氯甲烷,三氟乙酸,室温;(iv)取代氯苄或溴苄,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,碳酸钾,室温;
X、Y、U、V、R、Ar同上述通式I所示;
所述的取代苯酚或苯胺为:均三甲基苯酚、2,6-二甲基-4-氰基苯酚、2,6-二甲基-4-(E)-氰基乙烯基苯酚、均三甲基苯胺、2,6-二甲基-4-氰基苯胺、2,6-二甲基-4-(E)-氰基乙烯基苯胺;
所述的取代氯苄或溴苄为:邻氯氯苄、间氯氯苄、对氯氯苄、邻溴溴苄、间溴溴苄、对溴溴苄、邻氟氯苄、间氟氯苄、对氟氯苄、2,4-二氟溴苄、3,4-二氟溴苄、邻氰基氯苄、间氰基氯苄、对氰基氯苄、邻硝基氯苄、间硝基氯苄、对硝基氯苄、邻甲氧基氯苄、间甲氧基氯苄、对甲氧基氯苄、对甲磺酰基溴苄、间甲磺酰基溴苄、邻甲磺酰基溴苄、对磺酰胺基溴苄、间磺酰胺基溴苄、邻磺酰胺基溴苄、对甲酰胺基溴苄、间甲酰胺基溴苄、邻甲酰胺基溴苄、4-(溴甲基)苯甲酸甲酯、3-(溴甲基)苯甲酸甲酯、2-(溴甲基)苯甲酸甲酯。
本发明所述的室温为20-30℃。
3.吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂的抗HIV-1活性及应用
本发明对按照上述方法合成的部分吡啶并嘧啶类衍生物进行了细胞水平的抗HIV-1(IIIB),双耐药突变株RES056(K103N/Y181C)的活性筛选,以奈韦拉平(NVP)和依曲韦林(ETV)为阳性对照。
活性结果如表1所示,所有化合物对HIV-1IIIB均表现出极强的抗病毒活性(EC50=1.7-7.1nM),远优于NVP(EC50=163nM)。其中,化合物B2(EC50=2.4nM)、B3(EC50=2.0nM)、B4(EC50=1.7nM)和B5(EC50=2.7nM)的活性是ETV(EC50=5.1nM)的2倍左右,且细胞毒性较小,选择指数均大于10000。大部分化合物对双突变株RES056表现出亚微摩尔的活性,EC50值在105.3-172.6nM之间。这些结果表明吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂具有进一步研究与开发的价值,可作为抗HIV-1的先导化合物加以利用。
本发明的吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂可作为非核苷类HIV-1抑制剂应用。具体地说,作为HIV-1抑制剂用于制备抗艾滋病药物。
一种抗HIV-1药物组合物,包括本发明的吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂和一种或多种药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
本发明提供了结构全新的吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法,本发明还提供了化合物抗HIV-1活性筛选结果及其在抗病毒领域中的首次应用。经过试验证明,本发明的吡啶并嘧啶类衍生物可作为HIV-1抑制剂应用并具有很高的应用价值。具体地说,作为HIV-1抑制剂用于制备抗艾滋病药物。
具体实施方式
通过下述实施例有助于理解本发明,但是不能限制本发明的内容。
实施例中所涉及的合成路线如下:
实施例1:4-((2-氯吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)-3,5-二甲基苄腈(7)的制备
称取4-羟基-3,5-二甲基苯腈(1.5g,10mmol)和碳酸钾(1.7g,12mmol)于30mL的DMF中,室温搅拌15分钟,然后加入2,4-二氯吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶6(2.2g,10mmol)继续室温搅拌2h(TLC检测反应完毕)。待有大量白色固体生成,慢慢向其中加入100mL冰水,过滤,真空干燥箱干燥,乙醇中重结晶得中间体7。白色固体,收率79%,熔点126-128℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.59(d,J=4.3Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),7.78–7.77(m,1H),7.75(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph-H),7.73–7.71(m,1H),2.12(s,6H).ESI-MS:m/z 311.6(M+1).C16H11ClN4O(310.06).
实施例2:3,5-二甲基-4-4-((2-(哌啶-4-基氨基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(9)的制备
依次将7(1.0g,3.17mmol),N-Boc-4-氨基哌啶(0.83g,3.80mmol)与碳酸钾(0.87g,6.33mmol)加入到5mL的DMF中,然后加热回流10h(TLC检测)。待反应冷却至室温,慢慢将反应液滴加到50mL水中,有大量黄色固体生成。静置30min后过滤,真空干燥得粗品。称取该粗品(1.26g,2.53mmol)溶于4mL二氯甲烷中,加入2.22mL三氟乙酸(30mmol),室温条件下搅拌3-5h(TLC检测)。然后用饱和的碳酸氢钠溶液调节反应液PH为9,二氯甲烷萃取(3×5mL),饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,分取有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥。然后进行快速柱层析分离得中间体9。白色固体,收率48%,熔点132-134℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.1Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),7.87–7.86(m,1H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph-H),7.72–7.70(m,1H),7.23(s,1H,NH),3.80(s,1H),2.79–2.77(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.99–1.72(m,3H),1.65–1.41(m,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 375.7[M+1]+.C21H22N6O(374.19).
实施例3:目标化合物A1-A6的制备
称取化合物9(0.5mmol)于5mL DMF中,然后依次加入碳酸钾(0.14g,1.0mmol)与取代的氯苄或溴苄(0.6mmol),室温搅拌6-8h(TLC检测)。向反应液中加入饱和氯化钠溶液20mL,乙酸乙酯洗涤(3×10mL),分取有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥。然后经快速柱层析分离得到目标化合物粗品,进而在乙酸乙酯-石油醚体系中重结晶得到目标化合物A1-A6。
4-((4-((4-(4-氰基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯磺酰胺(A1)
白色固体,收率51%,熔点172-175℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.3Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),7.78(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.79–7.77(m,1H),7.75(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.73–7.67(m,1H),7.48(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.34(s,2H,SO2NH2),7.25(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,NH),3.81(s,1H),3.52(s,2H),2.83–2.63(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.89–1.32(m,6H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ157.4,150.3,145.8,143.3,143.1,133.1,132.9,129.5,126.9,126.0,119.1,108.9,61.9,52.7,31.5,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z544.6[M+1]+.C28H29N7O3S(543.21).
4-((4-((4-(4-氰基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯甲酰胺(A2)
白色固体,收率49%,熔点174-177℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.2Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),7.94(s,2H,CONH2),7.87–7.86(m,1H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.72–7.70(m,1H),7.34(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.24(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,NH),3.80(s,1H),3.50(s,2H),2.79–2.76(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.99–1.79(m,3H),1.50–1.40(m,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.2,157.4,150.3,145.8,133.4,133.1,132.9,129.5,128.9,128.1,127.8,119.0,108.9,62.2,52.7,48.5,31.6,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z 508.5[M+1]+.C29H29N7O2(507.24).
3,5-二甲基-4-((2-((1-(4-(甲基磺酰基)苄基)哌啶-4-基)氨基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(A3)
白色固体,收率41%,熔点168-170℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.2Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),7.89(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.88–7.85(m,1H),7.75(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.72–7.70(m,1H),7.56(d,J=8.2Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.25(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,NH),3.81(s,1H),3.53(s,2H),3.21(s,3H),2.79–2.76(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.97–1.74(m,2H),1.57–1.28(m,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ157.4,153.9,150.3,145.8,145.4,139.8,133.1,132.9,129.8,129.5,128.1,127.4,127.3,127.2,119.0,108.9,61.9,52.7,48.5,44.0,31.6,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z 543.6[M+1]+.C29H30N6O3S(542.21).
3,5-二甲基-4-((2-((1-(吡啶-4-基甲基)哌啶-4-基)氨基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(A4)
白色固体,收率46%,熔点145-147℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.2Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),8.51(d,J=5.0Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.86(d,J=8.6Hz,1H,C8-pyridopyrimidine),7.75(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.71(dd,J=8.7,4.2Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.30(d,J=4.9Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.26(d,J=8.7Hz,1H,NH),3.81(s,1H),3.49(s,2H),2.78–2.75(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.92–1.66(m,2H),1.58–1.32(m,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ153.9,150.3,149.9,148.1,145.8,133.1,132.9,129.5,124.1,119.0,108.9,61.2,52.8,48.4,39.6,39.4,31.5,29.0,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z 466.7[M+1]+.C27H27N7O(465.23).
3,5-二甲基-4-((2-((1-(4-硝基苄基)哌啶-4-基)氨基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(A5)
白色固体,收率59%,熔点178-180℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.2Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),8.20(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.85(d,J=8.6Hz,1H,C8-pyridopyrimidine),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.71(dd,J=8.6,4.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.58(d,J=8.3Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.25(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,NH),3.81(s,1H),3.59(s,2H),2.78–2.77(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.92–1.62(m,2H),1.57–1.27(m,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ153.9,150.3,149.9,148.1,146.9,133.1,132.9,130.1,123.8,119.1,108.9,61.6,52.8,39.4,31.6,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z 510.6[M+1]+.C28H27N7O3(509.22).
3-((4-((4-(4-氰基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯甲酰胺(A6)
白色固体,收率48%,熔点192-194℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(d,J=4.1Hz,1H C6-pyridopyrimidine),7.99(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.86(d,J=8.8Hz,1H,C8-pyridopyrimidine),7.81–7.77(m,1H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.71(dd,J=8.6,4.0Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.43–7.40(m,3H),7.25(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,NH),3.80(s,1H),3.49(s,2H),2.74–2.73(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.82–1.79(m,2H),1.58–1.23(m,4H).13CNMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.4,157.4,145.8,139.1,134.6,133.1,132.9,132.1,129.5,128.5,126.4,119.0,108.9,62.4,52.7,31.5,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z 508.6[M+1]+.C29H29N7O2(507.24).
实施例4:4-((2-氯吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)-3,5-二甲基苄腈(11)的制备
合成步骤同7,所不同的是选用2,4-二氯吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶(10)为起始原料。白色固体,收率84%,熔点132-134℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.84(dd,J=4.6,2.2Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.50(dd,J=7.9,2.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph-H),7.24(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),2.13(s,6H).ESI-MS:m/z311.2[M+1]+.C16H11ClN4O(310.06).
实施例5:3,5-二甲基-4-((2-(哌啶-4-基氨基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(13)的制备
合成步骤同9,所不同的是选用4-((2-氯吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)-3,5-二甲基苄腈(11)为起始原料。白色固体,收率56%,熔点142-144℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.84(dd,J=4.5,2.1Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.50(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph-H),7.45(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,NH),7.28(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.91–3.77(m,1H),2.79–2.75(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),2.08–1.72(m,3H),1.62–1.30(m,3H).ESI-MS:m/z 374.5[M+1]+.C21H22N6O(374.19).
实施例6:目标化合物B1-B6的制备
合成步骤同目标化合物A1-A6,所不同的是选用3,5-二甲基-4-((2-(哌啶-4-基氨基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(13)为起始原料。
4-((4-((4-(4-氰基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯磺酰胺(B1)
白色固体,收率52%,熔点198-200℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.85(dd,J=4.6,2.2Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.49(dd,J=7.9,2.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.81(d,J=8.1Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.62(d,J=8.1Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.48(s,2H,SO2NH2),7.32(s,1H,NH),7.26(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.91–3.77(m,1H),3.59(s,2H),2.13(s,6H),2.06–1.78(m,4H),1.62–1.46(m,2H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ159.8,157.6,143.4,143.2,143.1,133.5,133.1,133.0,129.5,129.3,126.9,126.2,126.0,125.9,119.0,118.4,109.2,105.2,61.9,56.9,52.8,48.5,31.5,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z544.7[M+1]+.C28H29N7O3S(543.21).
4-((4-((4-(4-氰基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯甲酰胺(B2)
白色固体,收率49%,熔点196-198℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.85(dd,J=4.6,2.1Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.49(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.93(s,2H,CONH2),7.83(d,J=7.8Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.36(d,J=7.8Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.32(s,1H,NH),7.26(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.84(s,1H),3.50(s,2H),2.79–2.76(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.93–1.75(m,3H),1.63–1.28(m,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.2,162.4,159.8,157.6,153.5,133.5,133.4,133.1,133.0,128.9,127.8,118.3,109.2,105.2,62.1,52.8,39.4,31.5,16.3,16.1.ESI-MS:m/z 508.5[M+1]+.C29H29N7O2(507.24).
3,5-二甲基-4-((2-((1-(4-(甲基磺酰基)苄基)哌啶-4-基)氨基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(B3)
白色固体,收率62%,熔点224-226℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.85(dd,J=4.5,2.1Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.50(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.84(d,J=7.8Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.57(d,J=7.9Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.43(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,NH),7.26(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.91–3.75(m,1H),3.56(s,2H),3.20(s,3H),2.79–2.76(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),2.08–1.76(m,3H),1.62–1.34(m,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ162.7,159.8,157.6,153.5,145.4,139.8,133.5,133.1,133.0,132.7,129.8,127.4,119.0,118.4,109.2,105.2,61.9,52.8,48.5,44.0,36.2,31.5,16.0.ESI-MS:m/z 543.6[M+1]+.C29H30N6O3S(542.21).
3,5-二甲基-4-((2-((1-(吡啶-4-基甲基)哌啶-4-基)氨基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(B4)
白色固体,收率43%,熔点210-212℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.79(dd,J=4.6,2.1Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.44–8.42(m,3H),7.67(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.37(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,NH),7.24(d,J=5.2Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.19(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.87–3.63(m,1H),3.43(s,2H),2.76–2.65(m,2H),2.06(s,6H),1.90–1.76(m,2H),1.54–1.23(m,4H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ165.8,159.8,157.6,153.5,149.9,133.5,133.1,133.0,124.1,119.0,118.4,61.2,52.8,48.4,31.4,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z466.6[M+1]+.C27H27N7O(465.23).
3,5-二甲基-4-((2-((1-(4-硝基苄基)哌啶-4-基)氨基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氧基)苄腈(B5)
白色固体,收率50%,熔点204-207℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.78(dd,J=4.6,2.0Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.43(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),8.13(d,J=8.7Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.67(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.52(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.37(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,NH),7.19(dd,J=8.0,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.84–3.72(m,1H),3.53(s,2H),2.74–2.72(m,2H),2.06(s,6H),1.90–1.76(m,3H),1.55–1.24(m,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ165.8,162.4,157.6,153.5,146.9,133.5,133.1,133.0,130.1,123.8,119.0,61.6,52.8,48.5,31.5,16.3.ESI-MS:m/z 510.6[M+1]+.C28H27N7O3(509.22).
3-((4-((4-(4-氰基-2,6-二甲基苯氧基)吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯甲酰胺(B6)
白色固体,收率62%,熔点226-229℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.85(dd,J=4.5,2.1Hz,1H,C5-pyridopyrimidine),8.49(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H,C7-pyridopyrimidine),7.78(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,C3,C5-Ph’-H),7.74(s,2H,C3,C5-Ph”-H),7.48(d,J=8.1Hz,2H,C2,C6-Ph’-H),7.43(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,NH),7.31(s,2H,CONH2),7.26(dd,J=7.9,4.5Hz,1H,C6-pyridopyrimidine),3.89–3.74(m,1H),3.52(s,2H),2.78–2.74(m,2H),2.12(s,6H),1.93–1.60(m,3H),1.57–1.28(m,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ165.8,162.4,159.8,157.6,153.5,143.3,143.1,133.5,133.1,133.0,132.7,129.5,126.0,119.0,118.4,109.2,105.2,61.9,52.8,48.5,31.5,16.3,16.0.ESI-MS:m/z 508.5[M+1]+.C29H29N7O2(507.24).
实施例7:目标化合物的体外抗HIV活性测试实验
测试原理:
化合物体外抗HIV活性筛选采用MTT法。MTT全称为溴化-3-(4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基)-2,5-二苯基四唑氮,可用于检测细胞的存活和生长。检测原理为:MTT可以与活的细胞内琥珀酸脱氢酶结合还原为水不溶性的蓝紫色结晶甲瓒沉积在细胞中,而死细胞并无此功能。二甲基亚砜可以溶解细胞中的甲瓒,用酶标仪检测其在540nm下的吸光度(A)值可以间接的反映活细胞的数量。在一定的细胞数范围内,MTT结晶形成的量与细胞数成正比。
由于HIV感染的MT-4细胞在一定时间内(5-7天)会发生病变,因此向HIV感染的MT-4细胞悬浊液中加入适当浓度的待检测化合物溶液,经过一段时间(5-7天)的培养后,用MTT分析法测定MT-4细胞活力,得到保护50%细胞免于细胞病变的药物浓度EC50,同时得到目标化合物使50%未感染HIV的细胞发生病变的浓度CC50,计算出选择系数SI(SI=CC50/EC50)。
测试材料和方法:
(1)HIV-1(IIIB)、HIV-2(ROD)毒株、HIV-1双突变株RES056:由比利时鲁汶大学医学院Rega研究所提供。
(2)MT-4细胞:由比利时鲁汶大学医学院Rega研究院提供。
(3)MTT:购自美国Sigma公司。
(4)样品处理:样品临用前溶于DMSO配成适当浓度,并用双蒸水作5倍稀释,各5个稀释度。
(5)阳性对照药:奈韦拉平(NVP)和依曲韦林(ETV)。
(6)测试方法:样品稀释后加入到HIV感染MT-4细胞悬浊液中,经过一段时间后用MTT比色法测定细胞活力,用酶标仪中记录在540nm下的吸光度(A)值,计算出EC50,CC50以及SI。
(7)MTT比色法:加入样品溶液培养一段时间后,向每孔加入MTT溶液(5mg/mL)20μL,继续培养若干小时后,弃染色液,并向每孔加入150μL DMSO,用酶标仪中测定540nm下的吸光度(A)值。
实验方法:
50μL含1×104MT-4细胞培养液加入96孔细胞培养板,加入20μL感染HIV-1(IIIB、单突变株或双突变株)或HIV-2(ROD)的MT-4细胞混悬液或者空白培养基,加入不同浓度的待测化合物或阳性对照药物溶液,每个浓度设3个复孔。细胞在5%CO2氛围,37℃下培养5天,向每孔加入20mL(5mg/mL)MTT溶液,继续培养2小时,然后加入DMSO,测定反应溶液在540nm处的吸收度,计算化合物不同浓度下的细胞增值率P%。同时设空白和阳性药物对照组,由此计算化合物保护50%的细胞免于HIV诱导的细胞病变所需浓度(EC50),使50%未感染HIV的细胞发生病变的浓度(CC50)。选择指数的计算:SI=CC50/EC50。
按照上述实验方法对合成的部分吡啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶类衍生物进行了细胞水平的抗HIV-1(IIIB)以及双突变株RES056(K103N/Y181C)的活性筛选,活性结果如表1所示。
表1.部分吡啶并嘧啶类类化合物抗HIV活性、毒性及选择指数
aEC50:抑制50%的病毒诱导的致细胞突变效应的化合物浓度或保护50%感染病毒的细胞免于细胞病变的化合物浓度。
bCC50:使50%未感染HIV的细胞发生病变的浓度。
cSI:选择系数,CC50/EC50的比值。
Claims (5)
1.一种吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂,或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,具有通式I所示的结构:
其中,
R为:CH3,CN或者CH=CHCN;
X为:C或N;
Y为:C或N;
U为:C或N;
V为:C或N;
并且X、Y、U、V有且只有一个为C原子;
Ar为:苯基或吡啶基;或SO2NH2,SO2CH3,CONH2,卤素,NO2,CN,NH2,CF3,NHCH3,OH,COOH,CH2OH,CO2Me,OCH3,NHCOCH3取代的苯基;取代基为邻、间、对位单取代或多取代。
2.如权利要求1所述的吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂,其特征在于,是下列化合物之一:
3.如权利要求1所述的吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤包括:以2,4-二氯取代的吡啶并嘧啶1为初始原料,首先在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中与取代苯酚或苯胺经亲核取代生成中间体2;然后中间体2与N-Boc-4-氨基哌啶经亲核取代反应生成中间体3,进而在三氟乙酸中脱去Boc保护得到中间体4;最后4经与各种取代氯苄或溴苄的反应生成目标产物5;合成路线如下:
试剂及条件:(i)取代苯酚或苯胺,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,碳酸钾,室温;(ii)N-Boc-4-氨基哌啶,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,碳酸钾,100℃;(iii)二氯甲烷,三氟乙酸,室温;(iv)取代氯苄或溴苄,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,碳酸钾,室温;
X、Y、U、V、R、Ar同权利要求1中通式I所示;
所述的取代苯酚或苯胺为:均三甲基苯酚、2,6-二甲基-4-氰基苯酚、2,6-二甲基-4-(E)-氰基乙烯基苯酚、均三甲基苯胺、2,6-二甲基-4-氰基苯胺、2,6-二甲基-4-(E)-氰基乙烯基苯胺;
所述的取代氯苄或溴苄为:邻氯氯苄、间氯氯苄、对氯氯苄、邻溴溴苄、间溴溴苄、对溴溴苄、邻氟氯苄、间氟氯苄、对氟氯苄、2,4-二氟溴苄、3,4-二氟溴苄、邻氰基氯苄、间氰基氯苄、对氰基氯苄、邻硝基氯苄、间硝基氯苄、对硝基氯苄、邻甲氧基氯苄、间甲氧基氯苄、对甲氧基氯苄、对甲磺酰基溴苄、间甲磺酰基溴苄、邻甲磺酰基溴苄、对磺酰胺基溴苄、间磺酰胺基溴苄、邻磺酰胺基溴苄、对甲酰胺基溴苄、间甲酰胺基溴苄、邻甲酰胺基溴苄、4-(溴甲基)苯甲酸甲酯、3-(溴甲基)苯甲酸甲酯、2-(溴甲基)苯甲酸甲酯。
4.一种如权利要求1或2所述吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂在制备治疗和预防人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)药物中的应用。
5.一种药物组合物,包含权利要求1或2所述吡啶并嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂和一种或多种药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
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CN111205287B (zh) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-03-30 | 山东大学 | 一种吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2021164053A1 (zh) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-26 | 山东大学 | 一种吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶类HIV-1逆转录酶抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114853781A (zh) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-05 | 山东大学苏州研究院 | 一种hiv-1逆转录酶靶向共价抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114853781B (zh) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-09-08 | 山东大学苏州研究院 | 一种hiv-1逆转录酶靶向共价抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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