CN108405872A - Preparation method and application of Fe-36Ni iron-based alloy powder - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of Fe-36Ni iron-based alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN108405872A CN108405872A CN201810369253.4A CN201810369253A CN108405872A CN 108405872 A CN108405872 A CN 108405872A CN 201810369253 A CN201810369253 A CN 201810369253A CN 108405872 A CN108405872 A CN 108405872A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0836—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with electric or magnetic field or induction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder, and belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy and additive manufacturing. The method comprises the following steps that alloy smelting is conducted, specifically, alloy raw materials are smelted; electrode machining is conducted, specifically, the smelted alloy is machined into an electrode round bar; atomization powder preparation is conducted, specifically, the alloy electrode round bar is placed into an atomization chamber for powder preparation; and powder collection and screening are conducted, specifically, after being cooled, the powder is collected through a cyclone separator, and the Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder within the required particle size range is screened through a vibrating screen under the protection of inert gas and packaged. The preparation method and application of the Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder have the advantages that the low-expansion-coefficient high-corrosion-resistance Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder special for 3D printing is involved, the as-cast room temperature yield strength of the Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder is 350Mpa, the tensile strength of the Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder is 650Mpa, and the strength of the Fe-36 Ni iron-based alloy powder is higher than that of alloys of the same series; and the expansion coefficient is small, is α200≤2.7×10‑ 6K‑1, and the expansion coefficient is equivalent to that of the alloys of the same series.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgy and increases material manufacturing technology field, and in particular to a kind of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders
Preparation method and application.
Background technology
3D printing（Increasing material manufacturing）Technology is one kind of RP technique, is that manufacture field is rapidly developing
An emerging technology, it has also become modern model, mold and parts manufacture effective means, aerospace, biomedicine,
The fields such as family's electric car have obtained more application.
The high anti-corrosion ferrous alloy Fe-36Ni of low-expansion coefficient is otherwise known as invar alloy, belongs to iron-based Langaloy.Usually
Containing 32% ~ 36% nickel, also contain the elements such as a small amount of S, P, C, remaining Fe for being 60% or so.Invar alloy mainly have with
Lower feature：（1）The coefficient of expansion is small：The average coefficient of expansion of invar alloy is generally less than 2 × 10-6K-1, and -80 DEG C of room temperature ~
Significant change does not occur at 100 DEG C；（2）Intensity, hardness is not high：Alloy phosphorus content is less than 0.05%, and hardness and strength are not
It is high；（3）Thermal coefficient is low：The thermal coefficient of invar alloy is only 45#The 1/3 ~ 1/4 of steel；（4）Plasticity, toughness are high：Invar alloy
Elongation percentage and impact flexibility it is all very high；（5）With preferable gasproof, corrosion resistance.Invar alloy is in precision instrumentation, microwave
The fields such as communication, petroleum transportation container and high-tech product are widely used.
In metal 3D printing forming process, mainly using high-power energy beam such as laser or electron beam as heat
Source makes dusty material carry out selective melting, and for cooled and solidified according to the stack layer of design and manufacture, stack layer is continuously shaped, most end form
At product.Currently, the 3D printing molding of micro metal component is relatively easy to, the metal component 3D printing molding of large scale large volume
Difficulty is larger, to the more demanding of material and technology controlling and process.This is mainly due to conventional metal materials during 3D printing,
In rapid melting and process of setting, ordinary metallic material has compared with high expansion coefficient, and solidification shrinkage is larger, finally component is made to be formed
Crackle.But low-expansion coefficient Fe-36Ni invar alloy was molded since it is with the lower coefficient of expansion in metal 3D printing
Alloy graining is shunk smaller in journey, is suitble to the 3D printing molding of large scale metal component.
Invention content
It is more difficult using 3D printing technique molding that the purpose of the present invention is to solve current large scale bulk metal components,
To material and the higher problem of process control needs, a kind of high intensity, high-purity, high sphericity Fe-36Ni ferrous alloys are provided
The preparation method and application of powder, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders that this method is prepared, yield strength 350Mpa, tension
Intensity is 650MPa, coefficient of expansion α200≤2.7×10-6K-1, the alloying component is uniform, the coefficient of expansion is small, fine microstructures, resistance to
Gas, corrosion resistance are good, have excellent performance, and disclosure satisfy that the application requirement of each high-tech area, are suitable for the increasing material system of 3D printing technique
It makes.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Alloy melting：Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are prepared using standard vacuum induction melting method；
Step 2：Machined electrode：Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are machined out, Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are processed
At Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles；
Step 3：Powder by atomization：The Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles that will be obtained in step 2, vertical fixed clamp is in mist
On the hoisting mechanism for changing powder manufacturing apparatus；Start the vacuum system of powder by atomization equipment, the working chamber to powder by atomization equipment and mist
Change room forvacuum, when vacuum degree≤6.7 × 10-2When Pa, step-up ratio≤0.67Pa/h, by gas ducting to working chamber and mist
Change room and be filled with inert gas shielding, it is 0.9 ~ 1.1atm to make working chamber and atomization room pressure；It is driven, will slowly be rotated by motor
Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles be placed in working chamber and be atomized in indoor radio-frequency induction coil, electrode rotary keeps one
Determine rotating speed, feed speed ranging from 0 ~ 100mm/min of electrode；The induced power of coil is 70 ~ 100kW, and electrode melting is formed
Liquid stream is dripped naturally；Start the jet-impingement system in powder by atomization equipment at this time, stream pressure range in 2.5 ~ 4MPa, when
When Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy liquid streams pass through annular distance gas atomizing nozzle, the air-flow that liquid stream is generated by annular distance gas atomizing nozzle is equal
It is even, fully smash and solidify to form attritive powder particle, be cooled into powder；
Step 4：Powder collects screening：After powder cooling, through cyclone collection, vibrating screen is recycled to be protected in inert gas
The Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders of particle size range needed for the lower screening of shield are simultaneously packed.
A kind of application of the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders of above-mentioned preparation, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder grain sizes
It is distributed as 15 ~ 45um, D50（Average grain diameter）≤ 32um, oxygen content≤1000ppm, sphericity be 90% ~ 95% power applications in
Laser fusion metal deposit increasing material manufacturing.
A kind of application of the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders of above-mentioned preparation, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder grain sizes
It is distributed as 106 ~ 205：3.0%~5.0%、75~106：40%~45%、45~75：45%~52%、0~45：3.0% ~ 6.0%, wherein grain size
Range is applied to electricity in 45 ~ 106um, oxygen content≤1000ppm, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders that sphericity is 90% ~ 95%
Beamlet melts increasing material manufacturing and laser solid forming.
The advantageous effect of the present invention compared with the existing technology is：
（1）The high anti-corrosion Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders of the special low-expansion coefficient of a kind of 3D printing of the present invention, as cast condition room
Warm yield strength is 350Mpa, tensile strength 650Mpa, is higher than the intensity of homologous series alloy；The coefficient of expansion is smaller, is α200≤
2.7×10-6K-1, suitable with homologous series alloy.
（2）The present invention be directed to requirement of the different metal 3D printing techniques to powder diameter, by mother alloy ingot melting,
The methods of degassing, refining, atomization, screening, air current classifying, prepare the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloys suitable for different 3D printing techniques
Powder, particle diameter distribution is uniform, and powder particle sphericity is high, average spherical degree >=90%, and powder flowbility is good（≤15s/50g）.
（3）Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder ingredients prepared by the present invention are uniform, impurity content is low, obtained by 3D printing
Drip molding even tissue, densification, dimensional accuracy is high, good mechanical performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the powder by atomization equipment structure chart that the present invention uses, wherein 1- hoisting mechanisms, 2- feed compartments, 3-Fe-
36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles, 4- gate valves, the working chambers 5-, 6- radio-frequency induction coils, 7- annular distance gas atomizing nozzles, 8- mists
Change room, 9- vacuum pipes, 10- gas ductings.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, however, it is not limited to this, every right
Technical solution of the present invention is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the spirit of the technical scheme of the invention and range, should all be contained
It covers in protection scope of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode one：What present embodiment was recorded is a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders, institute
The method of stating includes the following steps：
Step 1：Alloy melting：Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are prepared using standard vacuum induction melting method；
Step 2：Machined electrode：Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are machined out, Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are processed
At Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrodes pole 3；
Step 3：Powder by atomization：The Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrodes pole 3 that will be obtained in step 2, vertical fixed clamp is in mist
On the hoisting mechanism 1 for changing powder manufacturing apparatus；The vacuum system for starting powder by atomization equipment, to 5 He of working chamber of powder by atomization equipment
8 forvacuum of spray chamber, when vacuum degree≤6.7 × 10-2When Pa, step-up ratio≤0.67Pa/h, by gas ducting 10 to melting
Room 5 and spray chamber 8 are filled with inert gas shielding, and it is 0.9 ~ 1.1atm to make pressure in working chamber 5 and spray chamber 8；It is driven by motor,
The Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrodes pole 3 slowly rotated is placed in the radio-frequency induction coil 6 in working chamber 5 and spray chamber 8,
Electrode rotary keeps certain rotating speed, feed speed ranging from 0 ~ 100mm/min of electrode；The induced power of coil be 70 ~
100kW, electrode melting form liquid stream, drip naturally；Start the jet-impingement system in powder by atomization equipment, stream pressure at this time
Range is in 2.5 ~ 4MPa, and when Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy liquid streams pass through annular distance gas atomizing nozzle 7, liquid stream is by annular distance gas mist
Change air-flow that nozzle 7 generates uniformly, fully smash and solidify to form attritive powder particle, be cooled into powder, the use of this step
Powder by atomization equipment it is as shown in Figure 1；1 lower part of hoisting mechanism is feed compartment 2, and 2 lower part of feed compartment is provided with working chamber
5, the junction between feed compartment 2 and working chamber 5 is provided with gate valve 4, and feed compartment 2 can be controlled by the plug of gate valve 4
It is isolated and is connected to working chamber 5, radio-frequency induction coil 6 is provided in working chamber 5,5 lower section of working chamber is provided with spray chamber 8,
Annular distance gas atomizing nozzle 7 is installed between working chamber 5 and spray chamber 8, vacuum pipe 9 respectively with feed compartment 2, working chamber 5, mist
Change room 8 to be connected, gas ducting 10 is connected with working chamber 5 and spray chamber 8 respectively.
Step 4：Powder collects screening：After powder cooling, through cyclone collection, recycle vibrating screen in indifferent gas
The Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders of particle size range needed for the lower screening of body protection are simultaneously packed.
Specific implementation mode two：A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders described in specific implementation mode one,
In step 1, the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloys raw material composition is made of according to weight percent following element：C：≤0.05%、
P：≤0.02%、S：≤0.02%、Mn：≤0.6%、Si：≤0.3%、Ni：34.0%~38.0%、Co：0.05%~1%、Cr：0.05%~
1%, surplus Fe.
Specific implementation mode three：A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders described in specific implementation mode one,
In step 1, the melting is vacuum non-consumable melting three times, uniform to reach ingredient.
Specific implementation mode four：A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders described in specific implementation mode one,
In step 2, a diameter of 50 ~ 100mm of the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles, length is 500 ~ 700mm.
Specific implementation mode five：A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders described in specific implementation mode one,
In step 3, the method for clamping is pneumatic pinch.
Specific implementation mode six：A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders described in specific implementation mode one,
In step 3, the inert gas is high-purity argon gas or helium.
Specific implementation mode seven：A kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders described in specific implementation mode one,
In step 3, the rotating speed of motor rotation is 40 ~ 100rpm.
Specific implementation mode eight：A kind of Fe- prepared described in one to seven any specific implementation mode of specific implementation mode
The application of 36Ni iron(-)base powders, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder particle diameter distributions be 15 ~ 45um, D50≤32um,
Oxygen content≤1000ppm, the power applications that sphericity is 90% ~ 95% are in laser fusion metal deposit increasing material manufacturing.
Specific implementation mode nine：A kind of Fe- prepared described in one to seven any specific implementation mode of specific implementation mode
The application of 36Ni iron(-)base powders, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder particle diameter distributions are 106 ~ 205：3.0%~5.0%、
75~106：40%~45%、45~75：45%~52%、0~45：3.0% ~ 6.0%, wherein particle size range in 45 ~ 106um, oxygen content≤
1000ppm, the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders that sphericity is 90% ~ 95%, are applied to electron beam melting increasing material manufacturing and laser is vertical
Body shapes.
Embodiment 1：
（1）Alloy melting：Melting is carried out to Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy raw materials；Alloying component is：C：0.035%, P：0.012%, S：
0.003%, Mn：0.3%, Si：0.2%, Ni：36.3%, Co：0.92%, Cr：0.24%, remaining is Fe.
（2）Machined electrode：Electrode pole is machined out into the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy sticks of melting, it is a diameter of
70mm, length 500mm；
（3）Powder by atomization：In feed compartment, by Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles, vertical fixed clamp is in hoisting mechanism
On；Feed compartment is closed, by vacuum pipe to feed compartment, working chamber and spray chamber forvacuum, vacuum degree≤6.7 × 10-2Pa,
Then step-up ratio≤0.67Pa/h, pumpdown time≤15 minute are filled with inertia by gas ducting to working chamber and spray chamber
Gas shield, it is 1.1atm to make cavity indoor pressure；It is driven by motor, the electrode slowly rotated is placed in radio-frequency induction coil,
Electrode rotary keeps the rotating speed of 60rpm, and the feed speed of electrode is 50mm/min；The induced power 90kW of coil, electrode melting
Tiny liquid stream is formed, is dripped naturally；Open simultaneously the valve of annular distance gas nozzle, pressure 3MPa, when aluminium alloy flows through annular distance
When gas atomizing nozzle, liquid stream by high-speed flow that annular distance gas atomizing nozzle generates uniformly, fully smash and solidify to be formed it is micro-
Fine powder granules are cooled into powder；
（4）Powder collects screening：After powder cooling, through cyclone collection, sieved under inert gas protection using vibrating screen
The reactive alloys powder of particle size range needed for point is simultaneously packed.
The powder diameter of preparation is distributed 15 ~ 45um, D50=30.5um, sphericity 94%.
The powder diameter of preparation is distributed 45 ~ 106um, and particle diameter distribution is 106 ~ 205：3.8%、75~106：41%、45~75：
51%、0~45：4.2%, the spherical powder of sphericity 93%.
Embodiment 2：
（1）Alloy melting：Melting is carried out to Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy raw materials；Alloying component is：C：0.032%, P：0.015%,
S：0.005%, Mn：0.45%, Si：0.1%, Ni：35.5%, Co：0.61%, Cr：0.67%, remaining is Fe.
（2）Machined electrode：Electrode pole is machined out into the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy sticks of melting, it is a diameter of
70mm, length 500mm；
（3）Powder by atomization：In feed compartment, by Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles, vertical fixed clamp is in hoisting mechanism
On；Feed compartment is closed, by vacuum pipe to feed compartment, working chamber and spray chamber forvacuum, vacuum degree≤6.7 × 10-2Pa,
Then step-up ratio≤0.67Pa/h, pumpdown time≤15 minute are filled with inertia by gas ducting to working chamber and spray chamber
Gas shield, it is 1.1atm to make cavity indoor pressure；It is driven by motor, the electrode slowly rotated is placed in radio-frequency induction coil,
Electrode rotary keeps the rotating speed of 100rpm, and the feed speed of electrode is 100mm/min；The induced power 100kW of coil, electrode are molten
Change forms tiny liquid stream, drips naturally；Open simultaneously the valve of annular distance gas atomizing nozzle, pressure 4MPa, when alloy liquid stream
When through annular distance gas atomizing nozzle, liquid stream uniformly, is fully smashed and is solidified by the high-speed flow that annular distance gas atomizing nozzle generates
Attritive powder particle is formed, powder is cooled into；
（4）Powder collects screening：After powder cooling, through cyclone collection, sieved under inert gas protection using vibrating screen
The reactive alloys powder of particle size range needed for point is simultaneously packed.
The powder diameter of preparation is distributed 15 ~ 45um, D50=29.5um, sphericity 93%.
The powder diameter of preparation is distributed 45 ~ 106um, and particle diameter distribution is 106 ~ 205：4.6%、75~106：42%、45~75：
50.1%、0~45：3.3%, the spherical powder of sphericity 92%.
Embodiment 3：
（1）Alloy melting：Melting is carried out to Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy raw materials；C：0.042%, P：0.018%, S：0.008%, Mn：
0.53%, Si：0.16%, Ni：36.7%, Co：0.91%, Cr：0.97%, remaining is Fe.
（2）Machined electrode：Electrode pole is machined out into the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy sticks of melting, it is a diameter of
70mm, length 500mm；
（3）Powder by atomization：In feed compartment, by Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles, vertical fixed clamp is in hoisting mechanism
On；Feed compartment is closed, by vacuum pipe to feed compartment, working chamber and spray chamber forvacuum, vacuum degree≤6.7 × 10-2Pa,
Then step-up ratio≤0.67Pa/h, pumpdown time≤15 minute are filled with inertia by gas ducting to working chamber and spray chamber
Gas shield, it is 1 atm to make cavity indoor pressure；It is driven by motor, the electrode slowly rotated is placed in radio-frequency induction coil, electricity
Pole rotation keeps the rotating speed of 50rpm, and the feed speed of electrode is 40mm/min；The induced power 70kW of coil, electrode melting shape
At tiny liquid stream, drip naturally；Open simultaneously the valve of annular distance gas atomizing nozzle, pressure 2.5MPa, when aluminium alloy flows through
When annular distance gas atomizing nozzle, liquid stream by high-speed flow that annular distance gas atomizing nozzle generates uniformly, fully smash and solidify shape
At attritive powder particle, it is cooled into powder；
（4）Powder collects screening：After powder cooling, through cyclone collection, sieved under inert gas protection using vibrating screen
The reactive alloys powder of particle size range needed for point is simultaneously packed.
The powder diameter of preparation is distributed 15 ~ 45um, D50=30um, sphericity 93%.
The powder diameter of preparation is distributed 45 ~ 106um, and particle diameter distribution is 106 ~ 205：3.8%、75~106：41%、45~75：
49.4%、0~45：5.8%, the spherical powder of sphericity 92%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders, it is characterised in that：It the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Alloy melting：Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are prepared using standard vacuum induction melting method；
Step 2：Machined electrode：Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are machined out, Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy ingot castings are processed
At Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles（3）；
Step 3：Powder by atomization：The Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles that will be obtained in step 2（3）, vertical fixed clamp exists
The hoisting mechanism of powder by atomization equipment（1）On；The vacuum system for starting powder by atomization equipment, to the working chamber of powder by atomization equipment
（5）And spray chamber（8）Forvacuum, when vacuum degree≤6.7 × 10-2When Pa, step-up ratio≤0.67Pa/h, pass through gas ducting
（10）To working chamber（5）And spray chamber（8）It is filled with inert gas shielding, makes working chamber（5）And spray chamber（8）Interior pressure be 0.9 ~
1.1atm；It is driven by motor, the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles that will slowly rotate（3）It is placed in working chamber（5）And spray chamber
（8）Interior radio-frequency induction coil（6）In, electrode rotary keeps certain rotating speed, feed speed ranging from 0 ~ 100mm/ of electrode
min；For the induced power of coil between 70 ~ 100kW, electrode melting forms liquid stream, drips naturally；Start powder by atomization at this time to set
Jet-impingement system in standby, stream pressure range is in 2.5 ~ 4MPa, when Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy liquid streams pass through annular distance gas mist
Change nozzle（7）When, liquid stream is by annular distance gas atomizing nozzle（7）The air-flow of generation is uniform, fully smashes and solidifies to form fine powder
Last particle, is cooled into powder；
Step 4：Powder collects screening：After powder is cooled to room temperature, through cyclone collection, in utilization vibrating screen in inertia
The Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders of particle size range needed for being sieved under gas shield are simultaneously packed.
2. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1
In, the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloys raw material composition is made of according to weight percent following element：C：≤0.05%、P：≤
0.02%、S：≤0.02%、Mn：≤0.6%、Si：≤0.3%、Ni：34.0%~38.0%、Co：0.05%~1%、Cr：0.05% ~ 1%, it is remaining
Amount is Fe.
3. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1
In, the melting is vacuum non-consumable melting three times.
4. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2
In, a diameter of 50 ~ 100mm of the Fe-36Ni ferrous alloy electrode poles, length is 500 ~ 700mm.
5. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3
In, the method for clamping is pneumatic pinch.
6. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3
In, the inert gas is high-purity argon gas or helium.
7. a kind of preparation method of Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3
In, the rotating speed of motor rotation is 40 ~ 100rpm.
8. a kind of application of the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders prepared described in claim 1 ~ 7 any claim, feature exist
In：The Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder particle diameter distributions are 15 ~ 45um, D50≤32um, oxygen content≤1000ppm, spherical shape
The power applications that degree is 90% ~ 95% are in laser fusion metal deposit increasing material manufacturing.
9. a kind of application of the Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders prepared described in claim 1 ~ 7 any claim, described
Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powder particle diameter distributions are 106 ~ 205：3.0%~5.0%、75~106：40%~45%、45~75：45%~52%、0
~45：3.0% ~ 6.0%, it is characterised in that：Particle size range is 90% ~ 95% in 45 ~ 106um, oxygen content≤1000ppm, sphericity
Fe-36Ni iron(-)base powders are applied to electron beam melting increasing material manufacturing and laser solid forming.
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| CN110640156A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-03 | 西安交通大学 | Gas atomization preparation process of iron powder for additive manufacturing and repairing |
| CN113195763A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-07-30 | 日本铸造株式会社 | Low thermal expansion alloy having excellent low temperature stability and method for producing same |
| CN118385595A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-07-26 | 西安欧中材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing T15 high-speed steel powder by EIGA gas atomization process |
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