CN108384972B - Method for preparing combined refining alterant - Google Patents
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- CN108384972B CN108384972B CN201810171197.3A CN201810171197A CN108384972B CN 108384972 B CN108384972 B CN 108384972B CN 201810171197 A CN201810171197 A CN 201810171197A CN 108384972 B CN108384972 B CN 108384972B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a combined refining alterant, which comprises the steps of mixing titanium and carbon in a certain proportion; adding industrial pure aluminum into an alloy furnace, heating until the industrial pure aluminum is completely melted, raising the temperature to a certain temperature, and adding a titanium-carbon mixed material into an aluminum melt to be alloyed in the alloy furnace in batches by using a bell jar; adding the prepared cooling aluminum ingot into the alloy furnace melt for cooling; adding metal strontium into the melt by using a bell jar; after alloying for a certain time, slagging off; transferring the alloy liquid to a heat preservation furnace for degassing and refining; enabling the melt to enter a degassing box through a launder and carrying out online continuous homogenization treatment on the melt by using ultrasonic waves; finally casting into ingot or extruding into wire. The Al-Sr-Ti-C product obtained by the method has stable Sr, Ti and C components, and TiAl in the microstructure of the wire product3Uniformly distributed in block shape, the maximum size is less than or equal to 100 mu m, and the average size is less than 50 mu m; al (Al)4Sr is distributed in a block shape, and the average size is less than 30 mu m; the average size of TiC is less than 2 mu m; the elongation is more than 7 percent, and the tensile strength is more than 120 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy production, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing a combined refining modifier of aluminum, strontium, titanium and carbon.
Background
The Al-Ti-C intermediate alloy is the grain refiner which is most widely applied in the field of aluminum and aluminum alloy, and has the advantages of quality and application performance which are incomparable with the Al-Ti-B grain refiner, for example, the TiC particles have low aggregation tendency and can ensure the small size and uniform dispersion distribution of nucleation particles; can prevent the poisoning effect of Zr, Cr, Mn and V and ensure the stability of refining effect.
In the cast Al-Si alloy, flaky eutectic silicon and coarse primary crystal silicon with complex shapes exist, the coarse Si phase seriously cracks a matrix, the strength and the plasticity of the alloy are reduced, and the performance of the alloy is deteriorated. The Al-Si alloy has various alterants, the Al-Sr intermediate alloy has a dominant position at present, the Al-Sr intermediate alloy is mainly used for the alteration of hypoeutectic and eutectic Al-Si alloys, Sr is adsorbed on eutectic Si to prevent the growth of eutectic Si steps, and a large amount of generated twin eutectic Si is changed into twin crystal grooves to grow, so that the alteration effect is achieved.
In a common production process, Al-Si alloy is refined and modified respectively, so that the smelting process is complex, the flow is long, the manufacturing cost is increased, and the refining effect or the modification effect is not reduced due to the problems of adding time, adding mode and the like. Patent ZL200410103904.3 uses a fusion process to produce grain refiners of various compositions, including Al-Ti-C-Sr products. However, in the invention, the state, the adding mode, the adding time and the like of the raw material strontium are not required; the influence of the technology on the product quality index is not described; the quality advantage of the product prepared by applying the technology is not reflected.
Patent ZL200710071311.7 using K2TiF6Graphite powder and Al-10Sr are used to prepare ingot-shaped products by a smelting method. However, in the invention, the alloy melt is poured into the sand mold, the solidification speed is obviously reduced compared with a metal mold, and the uniformity of components and tissues in the product is not facilitated, so that the stability of the application performance of the product is influenced; is not beneficial to industrialized mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a combined refined alterant aluminum strontium titanium carbon product with excellent performance indexes of chemical components, microscopic structure and mechanical property aiming at the current situation that alterants and refiners are added step by step in the manufacturing field of cast Al-Si alloy.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a combined refining alterant and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising the following steps:
step A, preparing an aluminum raw material:
selecting an aluminum material according to the components of the target aluminum strontium titanium carbon intermediate alloy to be prepared; the aluminum material can be an industrial pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum block with the mass percentage purity of 99.7 percent; reserving certain mass of aluminum ingots or aluminum blocks for cooling.
Step B, preparing a titanium-carbon mixed raw material:
selecting a titanium material according to the components of the target aluminum strontium titanium carbon intermediate alloy to be prepared; the titanium material can be one or two combinations of sponge titanium and metal titanium chips; the carbon material can be one or the combination of two of graphite powder and carbon black; and uniformly mixing the selected titanium material and the carbon material, and packaging by using aluminum foil paper, wherein the weight of each package is controlled to be 200-300 g.
Step C, smelting to prepare aluminum liquid:
b, adding the aluminum material prepared in the step A into an electric furnace; and heating to 700-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-10 ℃ per minute, and melting into aluminum liquid in an electric furnace.
Step D, preparing aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid by feeding materials in the first step:
under the condition of 1000-1200 ℃, adding the titanium-carbon mixed raw material prepared in the step B into the aluminum liquid prepared in the step C in batches by using a bell jar under the condition of electromagnetic stirring; keeping the temperature at 1000-1200 ℃, and alloying for 20-40 minutes to obtain the aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid.
Step E, adding a cooling ingot to adjust the temperature of the alloy liquid:
and D, after the alloying of the aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid is finished, adding the reserved aluminum ingot or aluminum block for cooling one by one (block) at one time, adjusting the temperature of the alloy liquid to 800-850 ℃, and removing the surface scum.
Step F, preparing aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid by adding materials in the second step:
under the condition of 800-850 ℃, adding the metal strontium into the alloy liquid obtained in the step E under the condition of electromagnetic stirring one by one; keeping the temperature at 800-850 ℃, and alloying for 10-30 minutes to obtain the aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid.
Step G, transferring the aluminum strontium titanium carbon alloy liquid to a holding furnace:
and F, adjusting the alloy liquid after the alloying in the step F to 900-950 ℃, transferring the alloy liquid into a heat preservation furnace preheated to 300-400 ℃ by using a tundish, adjusting the temperature to 800-850 ℃ for degassing and refining, and adding a refining agent for slag removal after degassing.
Step H, performing online continuous homogenization treatment on the melt in the degassing tank by using ultrasonic waves:
and adjusting the temperature of the melt to 850-950 ℃, guiding the melt into a degassing box through a launder, and continuously carrying out melt treatment.
Step I, casting an aluminum strontium titanium carbon intermediate alloy:
adjusting the temperature of the melt to 850-950 ℃, and casting into ingots or extruding into wires with certain specifications.
The AlSrTiC combined refining alterant prepared by the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the Ti raw material adopts sponge titanium or metallic titanium, the C raw material adopts graphite powder or carbon black, the Ti and C raw materials are premixed, the burning loss of the raw materials in the feeding and alloying processes is reduced, the actual yield of Ti element reaches more than 96%, and the actual yield of C element reaches more than 80%.
2. The method comprises the steps of firstly preparing an aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid at a high temperature of 1000-1200 ℃; and (3) preparing the aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid in a low-temperature environment through rapid cooling. The two-step preparation process improves the uniformity and stability of components and tissues in the product.
3. The aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid is purified and refined in the heat preservation furnace, so that the purity of the product is improved; in the casting process, the on-line continuous ultrasonic melt homogenization treatment is carried out, so that the aggregation of second phase particles in the melt in the casting process is avoided, and the stability of the application performance of the product is ensured.
4. The Al-Sr-Ti-C product obtained by the method has stable Sr, Ti and C components, wherein TiAl is arranged in the microstructure of the wire product3Uniformly distributed in block shape, the maximum size is less than or equal to 100 mu m, and the average size is less than 50 mu m; al (Al)4Sr is distributed in a block shape, and the average size is less than 30 mu m; the average size of TiC is less than 2 mu m; the elongation is more than 7 percent, and the tensile strength is more than 120 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a modificator of the invention (TiAl)3Phase morphology);
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a modificator of the present invention (Al)4Sr phase morphology);
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of a modificator of the present invention (TiC phase morphology);
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of the modifying agent (wire rod) of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a high magnification organization chart of A356 alloy without adding modifier;
FIG. 7 is a high-power structure diagram of an A356 alloy added with AlSr3Ti3C0.15 alloy after refinement and modification;
FIG. 8 is a macroscopic structural diagram of an A356 alloy without adding a refining alterant;
FIG. 9 is a macroscopic structure diagram of the A356 alloy added with AlSr3Ti3C0.15 alloy after refinement and modification.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
step A, preparing an aluminum raw material:
according to the GB/T1196-bThe aluminum ingot for remelting contains Si less than or equal to 0.08% and Fe less than or equal to 0.12%. Selecting an aluminum material according to the target Al-Sr10-Ti5-C0.2 intermediate alloy component required to be prepared; the aluminum material can be an industrial pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum block with the mass percentage purity of 99.7 percent; and reserving aluminum ingots with the proportion of about 30 percent for cooling.
Step B, preparing a titanium-carbon mixed raw material:
selecting metal titanium and graphite powder as raw materials, uniformly mixing, weighing 250 +/-50 g of the raw materials in parts, and wrapping the raw materials with aluminum foil paper for later use.
Step C, smelting to prepare aluminum liquid:
b, adding the aluminum material prepared in the step A into an electric furnace; and heating to 770 +/-10 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃ per minute, and melting into aluminum liquid in an electric furnace.
Step D, preparing aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid by feeding materials in the first step:
under the condition of 1050 ℃, adding the titanium-carbon mixed raw material prepared in the step B into the aluminum liquid prepared in the step C in batches by using a bell jar under the condition of electromagnetic stirring; keeping the temperature at 1050 +/-10 ℃, and alloying for 25 +/-5 minutes to obtain the aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid.
Step E, adding a cooling ingot to adjust the temperature of the alloy liquid:
and D, after the alloying of the aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid is finished, adding the reserved aluminum ingots for cooling one by one, adjusting the temperature of the alloy liquid to 810 +/-10 ℃, and removing the surface scum.
Step F, preparing aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid by adding materials in the second step:
adding the metal strontium into the alloy liquid obtained in the step E under the condition of electromagnetic stirring one by one at the temperature of 810 +/-10 ℃; keeping the temperature at 810 +/-10 ℃, and alloying for 15 +/-5 minutes to obtain the aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid.
Step G, transferring the aluminum strontium titanium carbon alloy liquid to a holding furnace
And F, adjusting the alloyed liquid after the alloying in the step F to 910 +/-10 ℃, transferring the alloyed liquid into a heat preservation furnace preheated to 320 +/-10 ℃ by using a tundish, adjusting the temperature to 810 +/-10 ℃ for degassing and refining, and adding a refining agent for slag removal after degassing.
Step H, carrying out online continuous homogenization treatment on the melt in the degassing tank by utilizing ultrasonic waves
Adjusting the temperature of the melt to 810 +/-10 ℃, guiding the melt into a degassing box through a launder, and continuously carrying out melt treatment.
Step I, casting an aluminum strontium titanium carbon intermediate alloy
Adjusting the temperature of the melt to 810 +/-10 ℃ and extruding the melt into a wire rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preparing combined refining alterant comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing an aluminum raw material: selecting an aluminum material according to the target Al-Sr10-Ti5-C0.2 intermediate alloy component required to be prepared; the aluminum material is an industrial pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum block with the mass percentage purity of 99.7 percent; reserving 30% of aluminum ingots for cooling;
step B, preparing a titanium-carbon mixed raw material: selecting metal titanium and graphite powder as raw materials, uniformly mixing, weighing 250 +/-50 g of the raw materials in parts, and wrapping the raw materials with aluminum foil paper for later use;
step C, smelting to prepare aluminum liquid: b, adding the aluminum material prepared in the step A into an electric furnace; heating to 770 +/-10 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and melting into aluminum liquid in an electric furnace;
step D, preparing aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid by feeding materials in the first step: under the condition of 1050 ℃, adding the titanium-carbon mixed raw material prepared in the step B into the aluminum liquid prepared in the step C in batches by using a bell jar under the condition of electromagnetic stirring; keeping the temperature at 1050 +/-10 ℃, and alloying for 25 +/-5 minutes to obtain aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid;
step E, adding a cooling ingot to adjust the temperature of the alloy liquid: d, after the alloying of the aluminum-titanium-carbon alloy liquid is finished, adding reserved aluminum ingots for cooling one by one, adjusting the temperature of the alloy liquid to 810 +/-10 ℃, and removing the surface scum;
step F, preparing aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid by adding materials in the second step: adding the metal strontium into the alloy liquid obtained in the step E under the condition of electromagnetic stirring one by one at the temperature of 810 +/-10 ℃; keeping the temperature at 810 +/-10 ℃, and alloying for 15 +/-5 minutes to obtain aluminum-strontium-titanium-carbon alloy liquid;
step G, transferring the aluminum strontium titanium carbon alloy liquid to a holding furnace: adjusting the alloyed liquid after the alloying in the step F to 910 +/-10 ℃, transferring the alloyed liquid into a heat preservation furnace preheated to 320 +/-10 ℃ by using a tundish, adjusting the temperature to 810 +/-10 ℃ for degassing and refining, and adding a refining agent for slag removal after degassing;
step H, performing online continuous homogenization treatment on the melt in the degassing tank by using ultrasonic waves: adjusting the temperature of the melt to 810 +/-10 ℃, guiding the melt into a degassing box through a launder, and continuously carrying out melt treatment;
step I, casting an aluminum strontium titanium carbon intermediate alloy: adjusting the temperature of the melt to 810 +/-10 ℃, and extruding into a wire rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm;
TiAl in wire product microstructure3Uniformly distributed in block shape, the maximum size is less than or equal to 100 mu m, and the average size is less than 50 mu m; al (Al)4Sr is distributed in a block shape, and the average size is less than 30 mu m; the average size of TiC is less than 2 mu m, the elongation is more than 7 percent, and the tensile strength is more than 120 MPa.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1632146A (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2005-06-29 | 清华大学 | Preparation of Al-Ti-C Master Alloy Grain Refiner under Ultrasonic Field |
| CN101205581A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2008-06-25 | 葛炳灶 | Secondary aluminum prepared by using Al-Ti-C-Sr alloy refiner and preparation thereof |
| CN101338381A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-01-07 | 葛炳灶 | Method for preparing refiner for aluminium-titan-carbon-strontium alloy |
| CN102409192A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-04-11 | 东北大学 | Al-Ti-B-C rare earth refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN103993190A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-08-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for preparing aluminum titanium carbon strontium refining agent by electromagnetic stirring |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1632146A (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2005-06-29 | 清华大学 | Preparation of Al-Ti-C Master Alloy Grain Refiner under Ultrasonic Field |
| CN101338381A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-01-07 | 葛炳灶 | Method for preparing refiner for aluminium-titan-carbon-strontium alloy |
| CN101205581A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2008-06-25 | 葛炳灶 | Secondary aluminum prepared by using Al-Ti-C-Sr alloy refiner and preparation thereof |
| CN102409192A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-04-11 | 东北大学 | Al-Ti-B-C rare earth refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN103993190A (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-08-20 | 郑州大学 | Method for preparing aluminum titanium carbon strontium refining agent by electromagnetic stirring |
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