CN108306618A - A kind of photovoltaic IV testers - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic IV testers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108306618A CN108306618A CN201810163990.9A CN201810163990A CN108306618A CN 108306618 A CN108306618 A CN 108306618A CN 201810163990 A CN201810163990 A CN 201810163990A CN 108306618 A CN108306618 A CN 108306618A
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- photovoltaic array
- photovoltaic
- circuit
- switched
- current sampling
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to power analysis product technical fields, a kind of photovoltaic IV testers are specifically disclosed, including photovoltaic array, voltage sample module, current sampling module, and switched-capacitor circuit, the voltage sample module is connected in parallel with photovoltaic array, the current sampling module connects to form series loop with photovoltaic array, the switched-capacitor circuit is connected in the bribery of current sampling module, the switched-capacitor circuit includes electronic switch S1, S2 and capacitance C, and wherein electronic switch S1, S2 corresponds to the pwm signal by the periodic complementaries such as two respectivelyControl.The tester can accurately control the load impedance of each operating point, and circuit is simple, it can not only regulate and control load by pwm control signal in addition, and use lower-cost common simulation device, and cost of manufacture is cheap, it is easy to accomplish.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power analysis product technical fields, more particularly to a kind of to use Switch capacitor structure negative as sampling
The photovoltaic IV testers of load.
Background technology
Solar energy is one of most important alternative energy source of traditional fossil energy as clean regenerative resource.Solar energy
Utilization mainly have solar thermal utilization, photovoltaic utilize and optics utilize three kinds of forms, wherein photovoltaic power generation technology be utilize photocell
It, is directly changed into the generation mode of electric energy by the radiation energy for effectively absorbing sunlight.And photocell assembly is gone here and there on demand
Photovoltaic array is formed after parallel connection.
Photovoltaic array needs specific I-V curve test equipment to photovoltaic as the device for converting solar energy into electric energy
Array is reasonably configured, and then improves the utilization ratio of photovoltaic array.
The existing technical principle of I-V characteristic for obtaining photovoltaic array is that different loads is provided to photovoltaic array, and resistance value is from 0
Sampled data is arranged to obtain the voltage and current value for including different operating point under output short-circuit and open circuit situation to ∞
Combination can be obtained the output I-V characteristic curve of photovoltaic array.
In the prior art, the I-V characteristic curve for sampling photovoltaic array has following two modes：
Capacitance is regarded the variable load of photovoltaic array by the first according to capacitance characteristic when dynamic capacity charging samples, and is led to
It crosses photovoltaic array and steps up sampling to capacitor charging and press, to multiple work between obtaining from short circuit current to open-circuit voltage
The data of point.
Concrete operating principle is as follows：When capacitance not yet starts to charge up, it is almost 0 that impedance is very low, at this time charge circuit phase
When in short circuit, what current sample arrived is the short circuit current of photovoltaic array；And at the end of capacitor charging, impedance is very big, fills
Electrical circuit is equivalent to open circuit, and what voltage sample arrived is open-circuit voltage.During capacitor charging, condensance is changed to from 0
∞, this load for being equivalent to photovoltaic array change to ∞ from 0.
As shown in Figure 1, the voltage and charging current on capacitance are equivalent to the current voltage and current of photovoltaic array, so right
The voltage and current of the charging process of capacitance is sampled, and obtained sampled point just constitutes the I- of photovoltaic array under current environment
V characteristic curves.
Whole measurement process is described as follows：
First, control switch S2 is closed, and is fallen charge discharging resisting remaining on capacitance C by resistance R；
Then, control switch S2 is disconnected, and control switch S1 is closed, and capacitance C is started to charge up at this time, and control sample circuit is to electricity
Hold the entire charging processes of C and carries out voltage, current sample；
Finally, sampling is until the current sample of capacitance C is 0, i.e., until capacitor charging process terminates.
This kind of sample mode has the drawback that：Although the charging time of capacitance can come true by adjusting time constant
It is fixed, but voltage during this is not etc. to improve stepwise, so the photovoltaic sampled between from short circuit current to open-circuit voltage
Array operating point is uneven, it is in particular possible to can not have enough sampled points at the poor maximum power point of the linearity accurate
I-V characteristic curve is described, and this type RC circuits are easily influenced by the analog device of near nodal, charging process is unstable, right
Sample rate and subsequent processing speed are more demanding；In addition photovoltaic array power to be tested is larger, the capacitor body needed
Product and weight are all larger, are unfavorable for the portability of measuring system.
Second, variable electronic load sampling adjusts the load impedance of access circuit photovoltaic array by electronic load, by
Control circuit controls the numerical value for changing electronic load by software, its equivalent resistance is made to change to ∞ from 0, to which sampling obtains
Electric current and voltage in gamut I-V characteristic curve when each operating point.
Concrete operating principle is as follows：As shown in Fig. 2, the equivalent resistance that control circuit controls electronic load first is 0, at this time
Photovoltaic array is equivalent to short circuit, and the electric current measured is short circuit current.Then gradually adjusted by control circuit electronic load etc.
Resistance value is imitated, voltage, the current sample of operating point are carried out at the same time.Until the equivalent resistance of control circuit control electronic load reaches ∞
Until, photovoltaic array is equivalent to open circuit at this time, and the voltage measured is open-circuit voltage.
For this kind of variable electronic load sampling relative dynamic capacitor charging sampling, the structure of required control circuit is more multiple
Miscellaneous, rate-determining steps are more cumbersome, and the electronic load generally used is all that switch metal-oxide-semiconductor or IGBT, cost are relatively common
Analog device is higher.
Therefore, research and development are a kind of carrying out quantitatively regulating and controlling to the load resistance value of photovoltaic array, to obtain accurate load impedance
Photovoltaic IV testers it is extremely urgent.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, disclose a kind of photovoltaic IV testers, and tester able person is
The load impedance of each operating point controlling, and circuit is simple, it can not only regulate and control load by pwm control signal in addition, and
And lower-cost common simulation device is used, cost of manufacture is cheap, it is easy to accomplish.
Switch control signal carries out quantitatively regulating and controlling to the load resistance value of photovoltaic array, to obtain accurate load impedance,
And not changing the period of switch control signal, load impedance will be stablized in certain value, and plenty of time is provided to sample circuit
It is handled, in addition, element only needs electronic switch metal-oxide-semiconductor and capacitance, relative inexpensiveness in circuit.
In order to reach above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention is realized by following technical scheme：
A kind of photovoltaic IV testers of the present invention, including photovoltaic array, voltage sample module, current sampling module,
And switched-capacitor circuit, the voltage sample module are connected in parallel with photovoltaic array, the current sampling module and photovoltaic array
Series connection forms series loop, and the switched-capacitor circuit is connected in the bribery of current sampling module, the switched-capacitor circuit
Correspond to the pwm signal by the periodic complementaries such as two respectively including electronic switch S1, S2 and capacitance C, middle electronic switch S1, S2WithControl.
As being further improved for above-mentioned technology, described electronic switch S1, S2 are respectively PMOS tube, NMOS tube.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) photovoltaic IV testers of the present invention, since the output end in photovoltaic array connects upper switch condenser network,
Quantitatively regulating and controlling is carried out to the load resistance value of photovoltaic array by switch control signal, to obtain accurate load impedance；
(2) photovoltaic IV testers of the present invention, electronic switch S1, S2 are corresponded to respectively by the periodic complementaries such as two
Pwm signalWithTherefore control does not change the period of switch control signal, load impedance will be stablized in certain value, to adopting
Sample circuit provides plenty of time and is handled
(3) in the present invention, element only needs electronic switch metal-oxide-semiconductor and capacitance, relative inexpensiveness in circuit.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments：
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of dynamic capacity charging sampling in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of variable electronic load sampling in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of switching capacity load sampling of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is switch control signal figure complementary in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is circuit diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in figure 3, a kind of photovoltaic IV testers of the present invention, including photovoltaic array 1, voltage sample module 2,
Current sampling module 3 and switched-capacitor circuit 4, the voltage sample module is connected in parallel with photovoltaic array, described
Current sampling module connects to form series loop with photovoltaic array, and the switched-capacitor circuit is connected on the bribery of current sampling module
It bribes, the switched-capacitor circuit includes electronic switch S1, S2 and capacitance C, and wherein electronic switch S1, S2 is corresponded to by two respectively
The pwm signal of equal periodic complementariesWithControl, described electronic switch S1, S2 are respectively PMOS tube, NMOS tube.
As shown in figure 4, i.e.For high level whenIt is low level,For low level whenIt is high level, they are controlled respectively
Two electronic switches S1 and S2 in circuit make the capacitance between switch be in periodical charging and discharging state.If the period of signal
For T, it is from u2 node-node transmissions to the total electrical charge of u1 nodes then：
Δ Q=C* Δs u=C (u2-u1)
Then sufficiently small when the period in a charging-discharging cycle, the equivalent current from u2 node-node transmissions to u1 nodes is：
As long as by the set of frequency of signal enough to height, then the electricity of two ports u1 and u2 in a cycle can be approximately considered
Pressure is basically unchanged, then the basic switch condenser network can be equivalent to a tunable load resistance, and resistance value is：
Wherein C is the capacitance of capacitance.Since the capacitance of capacitance is fixed value, as long as so week of adjustment control signal
Phase theoretically can be obtained the load impedance from 0 to ∞, to more between realizing photovoltaic array from short circuit current to open-circuit voltage
The sampling of a operating point.
The present invention is further described with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 5, V+ connects the positive output end of photovoltaic array, V- connects the negative output terminal of photovoltaic array, PMOS tube and
For NMOS tube as electronic switch, Ctrl_Sig is switch control signal port, and signal is provided by FPGA DSP processing circuits.
When Ctrl_Sig exports high level, PMOS conductings, NMOS shutdowns, capacitance Cap chargings；When Ctrl_Sig exports low level,
PMOS is turned off, NMOS conductings, capacitance Cap electric discharges.
That is, in synchronization, PMOS and NMOS will not be simultaneously turned on or be simultaneously turned off.I-V characteristic is proceeded by adopt
The switch control signal that sample, first Ctrl_Sig the input period are 0 makes load equivalent resistance value be 0, and photovoltaic array is equivalent at this time
Short circuit, the electric current measured are short circuit current.Then by increasing the period of switch control signal Ctrl_Sig, photovoltaic is gradually adjusted
Equivalent resistance between the load of array, i.e. V+ and V-, while the voltage, the electric current that have sample circuit to carry out photovoltaic array operating point are adopted
Sample.Until the switching control signal period of Ctrl_Sig inputs is sufficiently large, so that the equivalent resistance of photovoltaic array load reaches
∞, at this time photovoltaic array be equivalent to open circuit, the voltage measured is open-circuit voltage, and sampling terminates.Sampled data, which is arranged combination, is
The output I-V characteristic curve of photovoltaic array can be obtained.
The present invention can carry out quantitatively regulating and controlling to the load resistance value of photovoltaic array, to obtain accurate load impedance, and not
Change the period of switch control signal, load impedance will be stablized in certain value, and providing plenty of time to sample circuit carries out
Processing, and element only needs electronic switch metal-oxide-semiconductor and capacitance, relative inexpensiveness in circuit.
The invention is not limited in the above embodiment, every various changes or modifications to the present invention do not depart from the present invention
Spirit and scope, if these modification and variations belong within the scope of the claim and equivalent technologies of the present invention, then this hair
It is bright to also imply that comprising these modification and variations.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of photovoltaic IV testers, it is characterised in that：Including photovoltaic array, voltage sample module, current sampling module, and open
Powered-down capacitive circuit, the voltage sample module are connected in parallel with photovoltaic array, and the current sampling module is connected with photovoltaic array
Series loop is formed, the switched-capacitor circuit is connected in the bribery of current sampling module, and the switched-capacitor circuit includes
Electronic switch S1, S2 and capacitance C, wherein electronic switch S1, S2 correspond to the pwm signal by the periodic complementaries such as two respectivelyWith
Control.
2. photovoltaic IV testers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described electronic switch S1, S2 are respectively PMOS
Pipe and NMOS tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810163990.9A CN108306618A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of photovoltaic IV testers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810163990.9A CN108306618A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of photovoltaic IV testers |
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| CN108306618A true CN108306618A (en) | 2018-07-20 |
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| CN201810163990.9A Pending CN108306618A (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2018-02-27 | A kind of photovoltaic IV testers |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110557091A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-10 | 中电科仪器仪表(安徽)有限公司 | High-voltage large-current photovoltaic array IV curve test circuit and test method |
| CN112367047A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-12 | 凯盛光伏材料有限公司 | Power test system and test method for thin-film solar cell module |
| WO2021035303A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | Comtech (Aust) Pty Ltd | Solar power monitoring and optimisation apparatus, systems and methods |
| ES2848353A1 (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-06 | Univ Valladolid | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING VOLTAGE AND CURRENT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR MODULES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES2848440A1 (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-09 | Univ Valladolid | SOLAR MODULES VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FORMING A SERIAL ASSOCIATION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110557091A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-10 | 中电科仪器仪表(安徽)有限公司 | High-voltage large-current photovoltaic array IV curve test circuit and test method |
| WO2021035303A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | Comtech (Aust) Pty Ltd | Solar power monitoring and optimisation apparatus, systems and methods |
| ES2848353A1 (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-06 | Univ Valladolid | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING VOLTAGE AND CURRENT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR MODULES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES2848440A1 (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-09 | Univ Valladolid | SOLAR MODULES VOLTAGE AND CURRENT MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FORMING A SERIAL ASSOCIATION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN112367047A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-12 | 凯盛光伏材料有限公司 | Power test system and test method for thin-film solar cell module |
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