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CN108287071B - Device and method for measuring gear transmission loss rate - Google Patents

Device and method for measuring gear transmission loss rate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108287071B
CN108287071B CN201810076993.9A CN201810076993A CN108287071B CN 108287071 B CN108287071 B CN 108287071B CN 201810076993 A CN201810076993 A CN 201810076993A CN 108287071 B CN108287071 B CN 108287071B
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gear
mounting
motor
measuring
transmission loss
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CN108287071A (en
Inventor
凌建辉
宁斌
周雅杰
王斌
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Zhao Feng
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Yangcheng Institute of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the transmission loss rate of a gear, belonging to the field of gears and comprising a motor, a dynamometer motor, a rotating speed torque sensor and two gears, wherein each gear comprises a wheel disc and a plurality of gear teeth; the two gears are meshed, the output end of the motor is connected with one gear through a rotating speed torque sensor, and the other gear is connected with the dynamometer motor through a rotating speed torque sensor. The device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate can be used for measuring gears with various radiuses and various tooth numbers by combining the wheel disc and the gear teeth, so that the power loss of various gears in the transmission process can be conveniently obtained.

Description

Device and method for measuring gear transmission loss rate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gears, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the gear transmission loss rate.
Background
The gear refers to a mechanical element with a gear on a rim which is continuously meshed to transmit motion and power, and the application of the gear in transmission has long appeared. The gear transmission has the advantages of high precision and high efficiency, and in a mechanical structure, the higher the precision is, the higher the requirement of the machine on the gear is, the higher the precision of the gear is required to be, and the transmission efficiency is accurate and reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate so as to detect the efficiency of various gears in the transmission process.
The invention aims to provide a measuring method for detecting the efficiency of various gears in a transmission process.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
based on the first purpose, the invention provides a device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate, which comprises a motor, a dynamometer motor, a rotating speed torque sensor and two gears, wherein each gear comprises a wheel disc and a plurality of gear teeth, a central hole and a plurality of mounting rings are arranged on the wheel disc, the mounting rings are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the wheel disc, the mounting rings and the central hole are coaxially arranged, each mounting ring comprises a plurality of mounting holes, the gear teeth are respectively mounted in the mounting holes, and the working ends of the gear teeth protrude out of the surface of the wheel disc; the two gears are meshed, the output end of the motor is connected with one gear through the rotating speed torque sensor, and the other gear is connected with the dynamometer motor through the rotating speed torque sensor.
The device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate can be used for measuring gears with various radiuses and various tooth numbers by combining the wheel disc and the gear teeth, so that the power loss of various gears in the transmission process can be conveniently obtained.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the shaft axis of the mounting hole is parallel to the shaft axis of the central hole, and the cross section of the mounting hole is not circular.
After the gear teeth are installed in the mounting holes, the gear teeth are required to be incapable of rotating along the center line of the mounting holes.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the cross section of the mounting hole is rectangular.
The rectangular mounting hole is more convenient to produce and manufacture, and meanwhile, the influence of the mounting hole on the structural strength of the wheel disc is small.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the teeth of a cogwheel include the installation end with the work end, the installation end with the work end sets up perpendicularly, the shape of the cross section of installation end with the cross sectional shape of mounting hole is the same, the installation end joint in the mounting hole, the work end protrusion the surface of rim plate, and it is a plurality of the teeth of a cogwheel are located same one side of rim plate.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the wheel disc comprises a mounting surface and a driving surface, the wheel teeth are located on the mounting surface, the rotating speed torque sensor is located on the driving surface, a first inclined surface is arranged on the mounting hole, the first inclined surface inclines inwards in the direction from the mounting surface to the driving surface, a second inclined surface is arranged at the mounting end, and the second inclined surface inclines inwards in the direction away from the working end.
When the installation, first inclined plane can be in the entering into mounting hole that the end can be quick of easy to assemble, and the installation back, the gap between installation end and the mounting hole can be filled to second inclined plane and the cooperation of first inclined plane, avoids the teeth of a cogwheel to rock on the rim plate.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the inclination angle of the first inclined plane is smaller than that of the second inclined plane.
Such that the first ramp has a further locating and securing effect on the mounting end.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the installation end comprises a positioning rod and two elastic pieces, the two elastic pieces are respectively positioned on two sides of the positioning rod, and the elastic pieces have a trend of being far away from the positioning rod.
When the installation, pinch two shell fragments tightly, let the shell fragment keep away from the one end of working end and lean on the locating lever, then insert the mounting end in the mounting hole, loosen the shell fragment, the shell fragment is fixed with the lateral wall butt of mounting hole, the completion.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the elastic piece comprises an elastic part and a clamping part, one end of the elastic part is connected with the working end, the other end of the elastic part is connected with the clamping part, and the clamping part is located on one side, away from the other elastic part, of the elastic part.
Joint portion joint is on the drive face, with first inclined plane and the cooperation of second inclined plane, the joint end makes the teeth of a cogwheel have the trend that moves towards the drive face, and first inclined plane supports the second inclined plane, fixes the installation end, and when not exerting external force to the shell fragment, first inclined plane and second inclined plane can avoid the installation end to rock, and joint portion can avoid the installation department to slide along the central line of mounting hole with the cooperation of first inclined plane and second inclined plane.
In one implementation of this embodiment: the gear further comprises a magnet, the magnet is circular, the magnet is installed on the wheel disc, and the installation end is abutted to the magnet.
After in installing the mounting hole with the installation department, the installation department butt is on magnet, utilizes the suction of magnet to fix the teeth of a cogwheel, and first inclined plane and second inclined plane can avoid the installation end to rock, and the suction of magnet can avoid the installation department to slide along the central line of mounting hole with the cooperation of first inclined plane and second inclined plane.
Based on the second objective, the present invention further provides a measuring method, comprising the following steps:
step S1: confirming a gear set to be measured, and respectively installing gear teeth in the installation holes on the corresponding installation rings to enable the two gears to be in full-tooth meshing;
step S2: the motor drives one gear to rotate, the input torque of the motor is measured, the dynamometer motor is installed on the other gear, and the output torque of the dynamometer motor is measured;
step S3: and after the measurement is finished, restarting the motor to enable the motor to rotate reversely, and then measuring the input torque of the motor and the output torque of the dynamometer motor.
The method provided by the invention can be used for measuring gears with various tooth numbers, so that the power loss of various gears in the transmission process can be conveniently obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate can be used for measuring gears with various radiuses and various tooth numbers by combining the wheel disc and the gear teeth, so that the power loss of various gears in the transmission process can be conveniently obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following brief description of the drawings which are needed for practical purposes will be made, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a device for measuring a gear transmission loss rate provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a wheel disc provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a gear tooth provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a wheel disc provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a gear tooth provided in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a device for measuring a gear transmission loss rate provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a gear tooth provided in accordance with embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a wheel disc provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 101-a wheel disc; 102-gear teeth; 103-a central hole; 104-mounting holes; 105-a working end; 106-a mounting end; 107-a first bevel; 108-a mounting surface; 109-driving face; 110-a second bevel; 111-positioning rods; 112-a resilient portion; 113-a snap-in part; 114-a spring plate; 115-a magnet; 116-a motor; 117-rotational speed torque sensor; 118-dynamoelectric machine.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described above with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the invention presented in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature may be present on or under the second feature in direct contact with the first and second feature, or may be present in the first and second feature not in direct contact but in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature being above, on or above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature that underlies, and underlies a second feature includes a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under a second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a device for measuring a gear transmission loss rate, including a motor 116, a dynamometric motor 118, a rotational speed torque sensor 117, and two gears, where the gears include a wheel disc 101 and a plurality of gear teeth 102, the wheel disc 101 is provided with a central hole 103 and a plurality of mounting rings, the plurality of mounting rings are arranged at intervals along a radial direction of the wheel disc 101, the mounting rings are arranged coaxially with the central hole 103, each mounting ring includes a plurality of mounting holes 104, the plurality of gear teeth 102 are respectively mounted in the plurality of mounting holes 104, and a working end 105 of each gear tooth 102 protrudes out of a surface of the wheel disc 101; the two gears mesh, the output of the motor 116 is connected to one of the gears through a rotational speed torque sensor 117, and the other gear is connected to a dynamometer motor 118 through a rotational speed torque sensor 117.
The device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate can be used for measuring gears with various radiuses and various tooth numbers by combining the wheel disc 101 and the gear teeth 102, so that the power loss of various gears in the transmission process can be conveniently obtained.
When the gear wheel is used specifically, the wheel disc 101 is firstly installed on the output shafts of the motor 116 and the dynamometer motor 118 respectively, then the gear teeth 102 are installed on the wheel disc 101, and because the wheel disc 101 is provided with a plurality of installation rings with different diameters, after the installation is completed, the two gears can form various transmission ratios.
The torque and rotation speed sensor is installed between power transmission shafts, is matched with a TR-1 type torque, rotation speed and power measuring instrument and a CZ type magnetic powder brake for use, and can measure the torque, rotation speed and power of various engines, motors, fans, compressors, hydraulic pumps, gear boxes and other power machines and transmission machines within the range of 0-6000 rpm.
The axis of the mounting hole 104 is arranged parallel to the axis of the center hole 103, and the cross section of the mounting hole 104 is not circular. After gear tooth 102 is installed in mounting hole 104, it is desirable that gear tooth 102 not be able to rotate along the centerline of mounting hole 104.
The mounting hole 104 has a rectangular cross-section. The rectangular mounting holes 104 are more convenient to produce and manufacture, and at the same time, the mounting holes 104 have less influence on the structural strength of the wheel 101.
The gear teeth 102 comprise a mounting end 106 and a working end 105, the mounting end 106 and the working end 105 are vertically arranged, the cross section of the mounting end 106 is the same as that of the mounting hole 104, the mounting end 106 is clamped in the mounting hole 104, the working end 105 protrudes out of the surface of the wheel disc 101, and the gear teeth 102 are located on the same side of the wheel disc 101.
The wheel disc 101 includes a mounting surface 108 and a driving surface 109, the gear teeth 102 are located on the mounting surface 108, the rotational speed torque sensor is located on the driving surface 109, the mounting hole 104 is provided with a first inclined surface 107, the first inclined surface 107 is inclined inward in a direction from the mounting surface 108 to the driving surface 109, the mounting end 106 is provided with a second inclined surface 110, and the second inclined surface 110 is inclined inward in a direction away from the working end 105. When the installation, first inclined plane 107 can be in the mounting hole 104 by the ready-to-install end 106 can be quick entering, and after the installation, second inclined plane 110 and first inclined plane 107 cooperate, can fill the gap between mounting end 106 and mounting hole 104, avoid teeth of a cogwheel 102 to rock on rim plate 101.
The inclination angle of the first slope 107 is smaller than that of the second slope 110. Such that the first ramp 107 has a further locating and securing effect on the mounting end 106.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment also provides a device for measuring a gear transmission loss rate, which is a further improvement on the technical solution of embodiment 1, the technical solution described in embodiment 1 is also applicable to the present embodiment, and the technical solution disclosed in embodiment 1 is not described again.
Specifically, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the mounting end 106 of the device for measuring gear transmission loss ratio provided in the present embodiment includes a positioning rod 111 and two elastic pieces 114, the two elastic pieces 114 are respectively located at two sides of the positioning rod 111, and the elastic pieces 114 have a tendency of being away from the positioning rod 111.
When the fixing device is installed, the two elastic sheets 114 are pinched, one end of the elastic sheet 114, which is far away from the working end 105, abuts against the positioning rod 111, then the installation end 106 is inserted into the installation hole 104, the elastic sheet 114 is loosened, and the elastic sheet 114 abuts against the side wall of the installation hole 104, so that the fixing is completed.
The elastic sheet 114 includes an elastic portion 112 and a fastening portion 113, one end of the elastic portion 112 is connected to the working end 105, the other end of the elastic portion 112 is connected to the fastening portion 113, and the fastening portion 113 is located on one side of the elastic portion 112 away from the other elastic portion 112. The clamping portion 113 is clamped on the driving surface 109 and matched with the first inclined surface 107 and the second inclined surface 110, the clamping end enables the gear teeth 102 to have a trend of moving towards the driving surface 109, the first inclined surface 107 supports against the second inclined surface 110 to fix the mounting end 106, when external force is not applied to the elastic sheet 114, the first inclined surface 107 and the second inclined surface 110 can prevent the mounting end 106 from shaking, and the clamping portion 113 is matched with the first inclined surface 107 and the second inclined surface 110 to prevent the mounting portion from sliding along the central line of the mounting hole 104.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 7, the present embodiment also provides a device for measuring a gear transmission loss rate, which is a further improvement on the technical solution of embodiment 1, and the technical solution described in embodiment 1 is also applicable to the present embodiment, and the technical solution disclosed in embodiment 1 is not described again.
Specifically, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the gear of the device for measuring gear transmission loss rate provided by the present embodiment further includes a magnet 115, the magnet 115 is circular, the magnet 115 is mounted on the wheel disc 101, and the mounting end 106 abuts against the magnet 115.
After the installation part is installed in the installation hole 104, the installation part abuts against the magnet 115, the gear teeth 102 are fixed by utilizing the suction force of the magnet 115, the installation end 106 can be prevented from shaking by the first inclined surface 107 and the second inclined surface 110, and the suction force of the magnet 115 is matched with the first inclined surface 107 and the second inclined surface 110 to prevent the installation part from sliding along the central line of the installation hole 104.
Example 4
The embodiment also provides a measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: identifying the gear set to be measured, and respectively installing the gear teeth 102 in the installation holes 104 on the corresponding installation rings to enable the two gears to be in full-tooth meshing;
step S2: the motor drives one gear to rotate, the rotating speed of the motor is N, so that the rotating gear rotates clockwise, the gear meshed with the rotating gear rotates anticlockwise, after the motor is maintained to be driven at the rotating speed for a period of time, the input power of the driving motor and the output power of the dynamometer motor are kept stable, the input torque is measured to be Tin, the dynamometer motor is arranged on the other gear, and the output torque Tout of the dynamometer motor is measured;
step S3: after the measurement is finished, the motor is turned off, the position of the gear tooth 102 is not changed, the motor is restarted, the motor rotates reversely, the rotating speed is still N, then the input torque of the motor is measured to be Tin, and the output torque of the dynamometer motor is measured to be Tout;
the power loss of the gear mesh transmission is required to be P ═ Tin-Tout · N ÷ 9550.
If it is desired to measure the effect of different gear sets on the power loss of the meshing transmission, a tooth slot is inserted in the selected tooth slot before starting the motor, and then the measurement is performed as described above. To ensure that the gears are fully meshed, the pitch of the centers of each set of gears is equal. If one of the wheel discs 101 selects the outermost gear groove, the other wheel disc 101 should select the innermost gear groove; when the secondary outer ring gear groove is selected, the secondary inner ring gear groove is selected for the other gear groove, and the like.
The method provided by the embodiment can be used for measuring gears with various tooth numbers, so that the power loss of various gears in the transmission process can be conveniently obtained.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate is characterized by comprising a motor, a dynamometer motor, a rotating speed torque sensor and two gears, wherein each gear comprises a wheel disc and a plurality of gear teeth, a central hole and a plurality of mounting rings are formed in the wheel disc, the mounting rings are arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the wheel disc and are coaxial with the central hole, each mounting ring comprises a plurality of mounting holes, the gear teeth are respectively mounted in the mounting holes, and the working ends of the gear teeth protrude out of the surface of the wheel disc; the two gears are meshed, the output end of the motor is connected with one gear through the rotating speed torque sensor, and the other gear is connected with the dynamometer motor through the rotating speed torque sensor; the teeth of a cogwheel include the installation end with the work end, the installation end with the work end sets up perpendicularly, the shape of the cross section of installation end with the cross sectional shape of mounting hole is the same, the installation end joint in the mounting hole, the work end protrusion the surface of rim plate, and it is a plurality of the teeth of a cogwheel are located same one side of rim plate.
2. The device for measuring gear transmission loss ratio of claim 1, wherein the axis of the mounting hole is parallel to the axis of the central hole, and the cross section of the mounting hole is not circular.
3. The device for measuring gear transmission loss ratio of claim 2, wherein the mounting hole is rectangular in cross section.
4. The device for measuring gear transmission loss ratio of claim 1 wherein said wheel disc includes a mounting face and a drive face, said gear teeth being located on said mounting face, said rotational speed torque sensor being located on said drive face, said mounting hole being provided with a first inclined face, said first inclined face being inwardly inclined in a direction toward said drive face from said mounting face, said mounting end being provided with a second inclined face, said second inclined face being inwardly inclined in a direction away from said working end.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the angle of inclination of the first ramp is less than the angle of inclination of the second ramp.
6. The device for measuring gear transmission loss ratio of claim 1, wherein the mounting end comprises a positioning rod and two spring plates, the two spring plates are respectively located at two sides of the positioning rod, and the spring plates have a tendency to move away from the positioning rod.
7. The device for measuring the gear transmission loss rate of claim 6, wherein the elastic sheet comprises an elastic part and a clamping part, one end of the elastic part is connected with the working end, the other end of the elastic part is connected with the clamping part, and the clamping part is positioned on one side, away from the other elastic part, of the elastic part.
8. The device for measuring gear transmission loss rate of claim 1, wherein the gear further comprises a magnet, the magnet is circular, the magnet is mounted to the wheel disc, and the mounting end abuts against the magnet.
9. A measuring method of the gear transmission loss rate measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S1: confirming a gear set to be measured, and respectively installing gear teeth in the installation holes on the corresponding installation rings to enable the two gears to be in full-tooth meshing;
step S2: the motor drives one gear to rotate, the input torque of the motor is measured, the dynamometer motor is installed on the other gear, and the output torque of the dynamometer motor is measured;
step S3: after the measurement is finished, the motor is restarted to rotate reversely, and then the input torque of the motor and the output torque of the dynamometer motor are measured;
when one of the wheel discs selects the outermost ring of gear grooves, the other wheel disc should select the innermost ring of gear grooves; when the secondary outer ring gear groove is selected, the secondary inner ring gear groove is selected from the other secondary outer ring gear groove, so that the center distances of all the gear sets are equal, and the gears can be completely meshed.
CN201810076993.9A 2018-01-25 2018-01-25 Device and method for measuring gear transmission loss rate Active CN108287071B (en)

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CN108287071B true CN108287071B (en) 2020-01-24

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GB2573273B (en) * 2018-04-05 2020-09-30 Nikken Kosakusho Europe Ltd System And Method For Monitoring Characteristics Of A Rotary Table
CN111780970B (en) * 2020-08-19 2021-03-26 吉林大学 Gear meshing power loss measuring device and measuring method thereof

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CN204061799U (en) * 2014-03-21 2014-12-31 常州市五星铝化厂 Angular wheel
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102588556A (en) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-18 吴新安 Gear device with changeable diameter and number of teeth of gear
CN204061799U (en) * 2014-03-21 2014-12-31 常州市五星铝化厂 Angular wheel
CN204420048U (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-06-24 盐城工学院 A kind of automobile gearbox gear
CN105181198A (en) * 2015-11-02 2015-12-23 盐城工学院 Device and method for measuring churning power losses of tooth number variable gears
CN105222938A (en) * 2015-11-02 2016-01-06 盐城工学院 A kind of variable number of teeth gear stirs oily power attenuation measurement mechanism and method thereof
CN205654829U (en) * 2016-04-06 2016-10-19 解玉云 But variable diameter gear

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