CN108270836B

CN108270836B - Data processing method, device and system based on block chain

Info

Publication number: CN108270836B
Application number: CN201710002175.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常俊仁; 张臣雄; 冯淑兰; 张亮亮
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-03
Filing date: 2017-01-03
Publication date: 2020-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2037-01-03
Also published as: CN108270836A; WO2018126837A1

Abstract

The application provides a data processing method, equipment and a system based on a block chain, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a block to be deleted in a block chain network by first equipment, wherein the first equipment is the equipment in the block chain network; and the first equipment executes relevant deleting operation so as to delete the block to be deleted. According to the data processing method based on the block chain, the first device in the block chain network executes relevant deleting operation after determining the block to be deleted in the block chain network, so that the deletion of the block to be deleted is realized. Thereby, the load in the blockchain network and the bandwidth required for the transmission of the blockchain can be reduced.

Description

Data processing method, device and system based on block chain

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a data processing method, device, and system based on a block chain.

Background

The block chain network is a network for realizing information storage and transmission based on a block chain technology, and data generated by equipment can be explosively increased along with further expansion of the block chain application industry. Since the current blockchain network maintains the information of the whole ledger, the explosive growth of data will cause the blockchain network to have a large load, and the transmission of the blockchain in the blockchain network will consume a huge bandwidth.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a data processing method, equipment and system based on a block chain, which can reduce the load in a block chain network and the bandwidth required by the transmission of the block chain.

In a first aspect, a data processing method based on a block chain is provided, including: determining a block to be deleted in a block chain network by first equipment, wherein the first equipment is the equipment in the block chain network; and the first equipment executes relevant deleting operation so as to delete the block to be deleted.

According to the data processing method based on the block chain, the first device in the block chain network executes relevant deleting operation after determining the block to be deleted in the block chain network, so that the deletion of the block to be deleted is realized. Thereby, the load in the blockchain network and the bandwidth required for the transmission of the blockchain can be reduced.

Alternatively, the first device may determine the block to be deleted in the blockchain network before generating the block. Or the first device may determine the blocks to be deleted in the blockchain network before broadcasting the newly generated blockchain.

With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the first device, a to-be-deleted block in a block chain network includes: the first device determines a storage duration or elapsed time of a block in the blockchain network; and the first equipment determines the block to be deleted according to the storage duration or the elapsed time.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the first device, the block to be deleted according to the storage duration includes: the first device determines that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of an ith first block in K consecutive first blocks is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the ith first block, where the storage duration of the ith block is used to indicate a duration that data included in the ith first block or the ith first block needs to be stored in the block chain network, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is 1, … K; the first device determines the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

Optionally, each block in the blockchain network carries the storage duration of the block.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the first device, the to-be-deleted block according to the elapsed time includes: the first device determines that a current time is an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K consecutive first chunks, or the current time is later than an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K first chunks, the elapsed time of the ith first chunk being used to indicate a time for which the first chunk or data included in the first chunk needs to be deleted in the chunk chain network, K being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i ═ 1, … K; the first device determines the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

Optionally, each block in the blockchain network carries the deletion time of the block.

It is understood that the device in the blockchain network may delete the to-be-deleted block at a specific time indicated by the deletion time, or delete the to-be-deleted block after the specific time.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the executing, by the first device, a deletion-related operation includes: the first device deletes the K first blocks; or the first device sets an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks, and sends first block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks to a device in the block chain network, where the first block information is used to indicate the K first blocks, so that the device in the block chain network deletes the K first blocks when determining that the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks is a first preset value.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, before the first device determines that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of an ith first block of the K consecutive first blocks is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the ith first block, the method further includes: the first equipment determines that a first block of which the time interval between the generation time and the current time is less than the storage duration of the block exists in the K first blocks; and the first equipment deletes the data included in the first block of which the time interval between the generation time and the current time is less than the storage time of the block.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, before the first device determines that the current time is an elapsed time of an ith first block of the K consecutive first blocks, or the current time is later than the elapsed time of the ith first block of the K first blocks, the method further includes: the first device determines that there is a first block of the K first blocks whose elapsed time is earlier than a current time; the first device deletes data included in the first block whose elapsed time is earlier than the current time.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the first device, a to-be-deleted block in a block chain network includes: the first device determines that a block chain carries first block information and a deletion authentication frequency, wherein the first block information is used for indicating K continuous first blocks, the deletion authentication frequency is used for indicating the deletion authentication frequency of the K first blocks in the block chain network, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the first device determines the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, a value of the deletion authentication number is a first preset value;

wherein the first device performs deletion-related operations, including: the first device deletes the K first blocks.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, a value of the deletion authentication number is smaller than a first preset value;

wherein the first device performs deletion-related operations, including: and after increasing the value of the deletion authentication times by 1, the first device sends the first block information and the deletion authentication times to devices in the block chain network, so that the devices in the block chain network delete the K first blocks when determining that the deletion authentication times of the K first blocks is the first preset value.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, after the first device deletes the K first blocks, the method further includes: the first device determines that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of a jth second block in L continuous second blocks is greater than or equal to a storage time of the jth second block, wherein the L second blocks are blocks which are adjacent to the L first blocks and have generation times later than the K first blocks, L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is 1, … L;

the first device deletes the L second blocks; or the like, or, alternatively,

the first device sets an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks, and sends second block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks to the device in the block chain network, where the second block information is used to indicate the L second blocks, so that the device in the block chain network deletes the L second blocks when it is determined that the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks is the first preset value.

Alternatively, K and L are fixed values configured in advance, or K and L are dynamically configured values.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first device generates a third block, where the third block carries a storage duration of the third block, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the block chain network.

Because the third block carries the storage duration of the third block, the device in the block chain network can quickly determine whether the third block is a block to be deleted according to the storage duration of the third block. Thereby, implementation of devices in a blockchain network can be achieved.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the block header of the third block includes a storage duration of the third block.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the third block includes data sent by the second device;

wherein, before the first device generates the third block, the method further comprises: the first device receives data sent by a second device and a first storage duration of the data, the second device is a device in the blockchain network, and the first storage duration is used for indicating a duration determined by the second device that the data needs to be stored in the blockchain network; and the first equipment determines the storage time length of the third block according to the first storage time length.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the first storage duration is determined by the second device through negotiation with a third device, where the third device is a device in the blockchain network.

In this embodiment of the application, the first storage duration may be determined by the second device according to the pre-subscription mode.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the first storage duration is determined by the second device according to a second storage duration, the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by a fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

It is to be understood that the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network, and the second device transmits data of the fourth device to the blockchain network as a proxy device of the fourth device. Therefore, the fourth device does not need to participate in the blockchain network, and the performance requirement on the fourth device is reduced.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, and the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first device determines a block chain to which the third block belongs; the first device adds the third tile to the chain of tiles.

In the block chain network of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of block chains of different types exist, and equipment in the block chain network maintains the plurality of block chains of different types. The storage requirements of the blockchain network can be further reduced.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the first device, a block chain to which the third block belongs includes: and the first equipment determines a block chain to which the third block belongs according to the storage duration of the third block and a preset corresponding relationship, wherein the preset corresponding relationship is the corresponding relationship between the storage duration of the block and the block chain.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the identifier of the block chain is carried in the block chain.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first device generates a fourth block; the block header of the fourth block comprises third block information and deletion time information, wherein the third block information is used for indicating a deleted block, and the deletion time information is used for indicating a deletion time of the deleted block or indicating a deletion time of data included in the deleted block.

In the embodiment of the application, the blocks generated by the device in the blockchain network include the block information and the deletion time information, so that the device in the blockchain network can conveniently know the deleted blocks and the deleted blocks or the deletion time of the data in the blocks.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first device sends the deleted chunk or the data included in the deleted chunk to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network.

In the embodiment of the present application, the device in the blockchain network sends the deleted blocks or the data included in the deleted blocks to the storage device, so that the blocks or the data in the blocks can be stored in the storage device for a period of time. Therefore, data searching and recovering of the device in the block chain network can be facilitated.

With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the first device sends a third storage duration to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network, where the third storage duration is a duration in which the deleted block or data included in the deleted block needs to be stored in the storage device in the blockchain network or the storage device outside the blockchain network.

In a second aspect, a data processing method based on a block chain is provided, including: acquiring data by second equipment, wherein the second equipment is equipment in a block chain network; the second device determines a first storage duration of the data, where the first storage duration of the data is used to indicate a duration that the data determined by the second device needs to be stored in the blockchain network; the second device sends the data and the first storage duration to a device in the blockchain network, where the first storage duration is used to determine a storage duration of a third block containing the data, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration in which the data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the blockchain network.

It is to be understood that the third tile is generated by the device obtaining authentication rights in the blockchain network, where the device obtaining authentication rights may be the second device.

According to the data processing method based on the block chain, after the second device in the block chain network determines the storage duration of the acquired data, the acquired data and the determined storage duration of the data are sent to the devices in the block chain network, so that the devices in the block chain network can determine the storage duration of the block containing the data according to the storage duration determined by the second device. Therefore, the device in the block chain network can execute the deletion related operation when determining that the block containing the data is the block to be deleted according to the storage duration of the block, so as to delete the block to be deleted. Thereby, the load in the blockchain network and the bandwidth required for the transmission of the blockchain can be reduced.

With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, the determining, by the second device, a first storage duration of the data includes: and the second equipment negotiates with third equipment to determine the first storage duration, wherein the third equipment is equipment in the block chain network.

With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the second aspect, in another implementation manner of the second aspect, the acquiring, by the second device, data includes: the second device receives the data and a second storage duration sent by a fourth device, where the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by the fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network;

wherein the determining, by the second device, a first storage duration of the data comprises: and the second equipment determines the first storage time length according to the second storage time length.

With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manner of the second aspect, in another implementation manner of the second aspect, the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, and the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

In a third aspect, an apparatus is provided for performing the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. In particular, the apparatus comprises functional modules for performing the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect

In a fourth aspect, there is provided an apparatus for performing the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect. In particular, the apparatus comprises functional modules for performing the method of the second aspect described above or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

In a fifth aspect, an apparatus is provided that includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other via an internal connection path to transmit control and/or data signals, so that the apparatus performs the method of the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, an apparatus is provided that includes a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other via the internal connection path to transmit control and/or data signals, so that the apparatus performs the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a system comprising the apparatus of the third aspect and the apparatus of the fourth aspect, or comprising the apparatus of the fifth aspect and the apparatus of the sixth aspect.

In an eighth aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, which is used for storing a computer program comprising instructions for executing the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium, providing a computer readable medium, for storing a computer program comprising instructions for carrying out the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a block chain based data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a blockchain according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a method of blockchain-based data processing according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a method of blockchain-based data processing according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present application, the device in the blockchain network may be a private device, an operator network device (e.g., a base Station device), or a site (Station) deployed by a certain industry organization, group, and individual.

In the embodiment of the present application, the internet of things device may include, but is not limited to, a Mobile Station (MS), a Mobile Terminal (Mobile Terminal), a Mobile phone (Mobile Telephone), a User Equipment (UE), a handset (handset), a portable device (portable Equipment), a vehicle (vehicle), and the like, for example, the Terminal device may be a Mobile phone (or referred to as a "cellular" phone), a computer with a wireless communication function, and the Terminal device may also be a portable, pocket, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted Mobile device.

To facilitate understanding of the present application, before describing the method of the present application, a lower blockchain network, several elements in the blockchain network, and an operation method of a device in the blockchain network are first specifically described herein.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the data generated by the device includes data related to the device and its peer device and common data. When describing the elements in the blockchain network and the working method of each device in the blockchain network, data related to the device and the device opposite to the device are taken as an example, and specifically, data related to the device and the device opposite to the device are taken as transaction data as an example, but this does not limit the scope of the embodiment of the present application.

There is no centralized hardware or management mechanism in the blockchain network, rights and obligations between any devices are equal, and the damage or loss of any device does not affect the operation of the whole blockchain network, so the blockchain network has the characteristic of decentralization. The data exchange between each device in the blockchain network does not need to trust each other, the operation rule of the whole blockchain network is public and transparent, all data contents are public, so that the devices cannot cheat other devices within the rule range and the time range of the blockchain network, and the blockchain network has the characteristic of distrust. The block chain network has the characteristic of collective maintenance because the total data blocks of the block chain network are commonly maintained by all devices with maintenance functions in the whole system, and any person can participate in the devices with maintenance functions. The blockchain network allows each participating device to obtain a copy of the complete database in the form of a partitioned database. Unless more than 51% of the devices in the entire network can be controlled simultaneously, modifications to the database on a single device are not effective and cannot affect the data content on other devices. Thus, the blockchain network has a reliable database.

A chunk, a container data structure of aggregated data contained in a blockchain, consists of a chunk header containing metadata followed by a long string of transactions that make up the body of the chunk. The block specifically includes: a block size field, typically 4 bytes; a block header field, typically 80 bytes; a transaction counter field, typically 1-9 bytes, that records the number of transactions; the transaction field, typically of variable length, records transaction details.

The chunk header consists of three sets of metadata, first a set of data that references the parent chunk hash value, which is used to connect the chunk with the previous chunk in the chain of chunks. The second set of metadata includes a difficulty, a time stamp, and a Number used once (Nonce for short). The third set of metadata is the Merkle root (a data structure used to efficiently summarize all transactions in a block). The block header specifically includes the following fields: a version field, typically 4 bytes; a parent block hash value field, typically 32 bytes, for referencing the hash value of the parent block in the block chain; a Merkle root field for recording the hash value of the Merkle tree root of the transaction in the block; a timestamp field, typically 4 fields, to identify the approximate time of tile generation, accurate to seconds; the Nonce field is a counter for the workload attestation algorithm.

Each chunk may reference the previous chunk by its chunk header's "parent chunk hash value field". That is, each chunk header contains the hash value of its parent chunk. And each block has only one parent block but may have multiple children temporarily. The case where multiple sub-blocks occur in one block is called "block chain branching". A block chain bifurcation indicates a temporary state, and eventually only one sub-block will become part of the block chain.

A block chain is a data structure that is sequentially linked from back to front by blocks, each block pointing to the previous block. It may be stored as a file containing records of non-relative relationships or in a simple database. The blockchain can be viewed as a stack, with height indicating the distance between the block and the first block, and the top or top indicating the newest block. An encryption Hash (e.g., a Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) is performed on each chunk header) may generate a Hash value. From this hash value, the corresponding chunk in the chain of chunks can be identified.

For the whole blockchain network, the goal to be achieved is that all devices agree on a certain information and update it into the total shared book. For this reason, a consensus mechanism is introduced in the blockchain network, and two typical algorithms in the consensus mechanism are workload certification and rights and interests certification. Wherein:

the essence Of Proof Of Work (PoW) is to add cost for information delivery, reduce the rate Of information transmission, and add a random element to ensure that only one device can be authorized to broadcast information within a time period. This random element is to let the device compute a random hash value. Specifically, the blocky device calculates a string of 64-bit random numbers and character strings of letters according to the obtained input data, but only the device which obtains the hash value meeting the hash value requirement can be accepted as the workload certification by the blockchain network. And the hash algorithm proved by the workload also realizes the penetration of the historical information by taking the information in each new block as the input value of the next hash algorithm, and forms a traceable chain (block chain).

The title of interest accreditation, aimed at the realization of block chains secured by those with economic interest, is achieved by the number of dollar days destroyed per transaction (Coindays). Existing systems of rights and interests, such as point coins (Peercoin), are based on evidence blocks in which the goals that miners must achieve are inversely related to the number of days to destroy the coin. The person owning Peercoin must select a miner called a certificate of interest and contribute a portion of their currency over a period of time to protect the blockchain network.

On the basis of the above description, a block chain-based data processing method according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below. As illustrated in fig. 1, the method 100 includes:

s101, a first device determines a block to be deleted in a block chain network, wherein the first device is a device in the block chain network;

s102, the first device executes relevant deleting operation to delete the block to be deleted.

Optionally, in S101, the first device may determine the to-be-deleted block in the blockchain network according to the storage duration of the block or the elapsed time of the block. The storage duration of a block is used to indicate the duration of time that the block or data in the block needs to be stored in the blockchain network, the elapsed time of a block is used to indicate the time that the block or data included in the block needs to be deleted in the blockchain network, and devices in the blockchain network may delete the block or data in the block at a specific time indicated by the elapsed time or delete the block or data in the block after the specific time indicated by the elapsed time. For example, the first device determines the block to be deleted according to a relationship between a time interval between the current time and the generation time of the block and a storage duration of the block. Or the first device determines the block to be deleted according to the relation between the current time and the elapsed time.

For example, the first device determines the blocks to be deleted in the blockchain network, starting from the block with the lowest height or smallest sequence number in the current blockchain (in particular, from the first block of the blockchain at initialization). As shown in fig. 2, the first device starts from block X, when the first device determines that the time interval between the current time and the time described by the timestamp of block X is greater than or equal to the storage duration of block X, or when the first device determines that the current time is the elapsed time of block X, or when the first device determines that the current time is later than the elapsed time of block X, the first device considers block X as a block to be deleted, the first device may delete block X directly, then the first device determines whether block X +1 is a block to be deleted, and so on until a block is not a block to be deleted. The current time (or current time) here may be a time when the first device generates a new tile or a time when a new tile chain is broadcasted by a current tile link point, and the time described by the timestamp of tile X may be a time when tile X is generated or an elapsed time of tile X.

Or, if the first device determines that the block X is a to-be-deleted block, the first device does not delete the block X, but records the block information and the deletion authentication number (initial value is 1) of the block X in the block chain, broadcasts the block chain into the block chain network, and the device that acquires the authentication right next time increases the value of the deletion authentication number by 1 until the nth device that acquires the authentication right has reached the preset value N, so that the nth device that acquires the authentication right deletes the block X from the block chain. Then, the nth device obtaining the authentication right determines whether the block X +1 is a block to be deleted, if the block X +1 is the block to be deleted, the nth device obtaining the authentication right may add the block information of the block X +1 and the number of times of deletion authentication (initial value is 1) to the block chain, and broadcast the block chain to the block chain network, until the number of times of deletion authentication of the block X +1 in the block chain network is N, the device in the block chain network deletes the block X +1, and the value of N is a preset value.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the first device determines whether K consecutive blocks starting from the block X satisfy the deletion condition, and if the K consecutive blocks all satisfy the deletion condition, the first device determines the K blocks as blocks to be deleted. The first device may directly delete K consecutive blocks starting from block X, and then the first device determines whether L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K satisfy the deletion condition, and if so, the first device deletes L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K. And analogizing in sequence until a plurality of continuous blocks do not completely meet the deletion condition position, wherein the values of K and L can be the same or different. And the values of K and L may be dynamically configured values.

Or, if the first device determines that K consecutive blocks starting from the block X all satisfy the block to be deleted, the first device does not delete K consecutive blocks starting from the block X, but records block information and the number of times of deletion authentication (initial value is 1) of the K consecutive blocks starting from the block X in the block chain, broadcasts the block chain into the block chain network, and the next device obtaining the authentication right increases the value of the number of times of deletion authentication by 1 until the nth device obtaining the authentication right, the number of times of deletion authentication of the K blocks starting from the block X in the block chain network has reached the preset value N, so that the nth device obtaining the authentication right deletes the K blocks starting from the block X from the block chain. Then, the nth device determines whether L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K all satisfy the deletion condition, and if L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K are blocks to be deleted, the nth device may add block information and the number of times of deletion authentication (initial value is 1) of the L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K to the block chain, and broadcast the block chain to the block chain network, until the number of times of deletion authentication of the L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K in the block chain network is N, the nth device deletes the L consecutive blocks starting from block X + K.

In the above embodiment, optionally, if the first device determines that there are one or more consecutive K blocks from X that do not satisfy the deletion condition. The first device may delete data in blocks satisfying the deletion condition among the consecutive K blocks at this time, but retain block headers of the blocks. And when a certain device in the block chain network determines that the continuous K blocks from the X meet the deletion condition, deleting the continuous K blocks. Or recording the block information and the deletion authentication times of the continuous K blocks into a block chain, broadcasting the block chain into a block chain network, and deleting the continuous K blocks until a certain device in the block chain network determines that the deletion authentication times of the continuous K blocks is N.

It should be noted that the deletion condition refers to that the time interval between the current time and the generation time of the block is greater than or equal to the storage time of the block, or the deletion condition refers to that the current time is the elapsed time of the block, or the deletion condition refers to that the current time is later than the elapsed time of the block.

In all the above embodiments, optionally, the blockchain information and the number of times of deletion authentication are recorded in the blockchain header of the blockchain.

Optionally, in S101, the first device may determine a block to be deleted according to whether the block chain carries block information and the number of times of deletion authentication.

Specifically, in some embodiments, if the block chain carries block information and the number of times of deletion authentication, the first device determines the block indicated by the block information as the block to be deleted.

Further, if the first device determines that the value of the deletion authentication number of times is smaller than the preset value, the first device increases the value of the deletion number of times by 1, and then sends the block information and the deletion authentication number of times to the device in the block chain network, until the deletion authentication number of times recorded in the block chain is the preset value, the device in the block chain network deletes the block indicated by the block information.

If the first device determines that the value of the deletion authentication times is the preset value, the first device may directly delete the block indicated by the block information.

Fig. 4 shows a block chain-based data processing method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The blockchain device a-blockchain device D in fig. 4 are all devices in a blockchain network. As shown in fig. 4, the method 200 includes:

s201, a block chain device A generates data needing to be authenticated in a block chain network;

optionally, the data generated by the blockchain device a that needs to be authenticated in the blockchain network is transaction data between the blockchain device a and the blockchain device B.

Further, the blockchain device a may agree on a storage duration or elapsed time of the transaction data by negotiating with the blockchain device B, and determine the storage duration or elapsed time that the transaction data needs to be stored in the blockchain network. Alternatively, the blockchain device a may determine the storage duration or elapsed time of the data in the blockchain network itself independently. For example, the blockchain device a determines the storage duration or elapsed time of the data in the blockchain network according to the pre-subscription mode.

S202, the block chain device A broadcasts data to a block chain network;

s203, the blockchain device D determines a storage duration of a block to be generated;

specifically, in some embodiments, the blockchain device D obtains the block verification right, and the blockchain device D determines the storage duration of the currently generated new block according to the storage durations of all new data when the new block is currently generated. It should be noted that the storage duration of a block refers to the duration that the block needs to be stored in the blockchain network or the duration that the data in the block needs to be stored in the blockchain network.

For example, if the blockchain device D determines that the storage durations of all the new data are the same, the blockchain device D determines the storage durations of all the new data as the storage durations of the blocks to be generated. If the storage durations of all the new data are different, the blockchain device D determines the storage duration corresponding to the data with the longest storage duration as the storage duration of the block to be generated.

For example, assuming that there are 5 new data, respectively labeled as data 1, data 2, data 3, data 4, and data 5, if the storage duration of these 5 data is 1 hour each, the blockchain device D determines that the storage duration of the block to be generated is 1 hour. But if the storage time periods of the 5 data are not completely the same, and the storage time period of the data 5 is the longest and the storage time period is 3 hours, the blockchain device D determines 3 hours as the storage time period of the chunk to be generated.

Specifically, in some embodiments, the blockchain device D obtains the block verification right, and the blockchain device D determines the elapsed time of the new block currently generated according to the elapsed time of all new data when the new block is currently generated. It should be noted that the elapsed time of a block refers to the time that the block needs to be deleted in the blockchain network or the time that the data in the block needs to be deleted in the blockchain network.

For example, if the block chain device D determines that the elapsed time of all the new data is the same, the block chain device D determines the elapsed time of all the new data as the elapsed time of the block to be generated. If the elapsed times of all the new data are different, the block chain device D determines the elapsed time corresponding to the data with the latest elapsed time as the elapsed time of the block to be generated.

For example, assuming that there are 5 new data, respectively labeled as data 1, data 2, data 3, data 4, and data 5, if the elapsed time for these 5 data is 20:00 each, the blockchain device D determines that the elapsed time for the block to be generated is 20: 00. But if the elapsed times of the 5 data are not exactly the same, and the elapsed time of data 5 is latest and the elapsed time is 12 am, the blockchain device D determines 12 am as the elapsed time of the block to be generated.

S204, the block chain device D connects the generated blocks to a block chain, and then broadcasts the block chain to a block chain network;

s205, the block chain device C determines a block to be deleted in the block chain network and executes deletion related operation;

specifically, in some embodiments, if the block link point C obtains the block authentication right, the block link device C may determine the block to be deleted in the block link network by using the method described in the method 100, and perform the deletion-related operation.

S206, the blockchain device C broadcasts the generated blockchain in the blockchain network.

Specifically, in some embodiments, when the blockchain device C determines a to-be-deleted block in the blockchain network by using the method described in the method 100, the related method in the method 100 may also be performed to delete the to-be-deleted block.

Alternatively, in S206, the blockchain generated by the blockchain device C may be a blockchain in which the to-be-deleted block is deleted and the block generated by the blockchain device C is added on the basis of the received blockchain, or may be a blockchain in which the block information and the deletion authentication frequency of the to-be-deleted block are recorded in the received blockchain and the block generated by the blockchain device C is added on the basis of the recorded blockchain.

Alternatively, in S206, when the block chaining device C generates a block, the block information and the deletion time information may be carried in the block, for example, the block information and the deletion time information may be carried in a block header of the block. The tile information is used to indicate a tile to be deleted, the deletion time information is used to indicate a deletion time of the tile to be deleted, or the deletion time information is used to indicate a deletion time of data included in the deleted tile.

Further, the blockchain device C may send the deleted blocks or the data included in the deleted blocks to one or more storage devices, and after a certain time, the storage devices delete the data. The one or more storage devices may be storage devices in a blockchain network or storage devices outside the blockchain network. The storage duration of the data in the storage device may be determined by the blockchain device C and the storage duration of the data is transmitted to the storage device at the same time as the data is transmitted to the storage device.

Optionally, as another example, there are a plurality of different types of blockchains in the blockchain network, and when the blockchain device generates a block, the blockchain corresponding to the block is determined, and the generated block is connected to the determined blockchain. For example, different block chains correspond to different storage durations, and the block chain device C determines the block chain corresponding to the block according to the storage duration of the block when generating the block.

For example, there are 3 blockchains stored in the blockchain, i.e., blockchain 1, blockchain 2, and blockchain 3. The storage time of the blocks in the block chain 1 is less than or equal to 1 hour, the storage time of the blocks in the block chain 2 is greater than 1 hour and less than 3 hours, and the storage time of the blocks in the block chain 3 is greater than or equal to 3 hours. If the blockchain apparatus C determines that the storage time period of the generated block is 2 hours, the blockchain apparatus C connects the generated block to the blockchain 2. The method for determining the storage duration of the block by the block chain device C is the same as the method for determining the storage duration of the block by the block chain D, and is not described herein again.

Alternatively, 3 blockchains, namely blockchain 1, blockchain 2 and blockchain 3, are stored in the blockchain. The elapsed time for the blocks in block chain 1 is before 12 am, the elapsed time for the blocks in block chain 2 is after 12 am and before 8 pm, and the elapsed time for the blocks in block chain 3 is after 8 pm and before 24 pm. If the blockchain device C determines that the elapsed time of the generated block is 5 pm, the blockchain device C connects the generated block to the blockchain 2. The method for determining the elapsed time of the block by the block chain device C is the same as the method for determining the elapsed time of the block by the block chain D, and is not described herein again.

In this embodiment of the present application, optionally, the data generated by the blockchain device a and required to be authenticated in the blockchain network may be sent to the blockchain device a by other devices. As shown in fig. 5, the method 300 includes:

s301, the Internet of things equipment A generates data needing to be authenticated in a block chain network;

it should be noted that the internet of things device a is not a device in the blockchain network, or the internet of things device a itself does not directly participate in the blockchain.

Optionally, the data generated by the internet of things device a and needing to be authenticated in the blockchain network is transaction data between the internet of things device a and the internet of things device B. The internet of things device A and the internet of things device B can negotiate to reach the agreement on the storage duration or the elapsed time of the transaction data, and the storage duration or the elapsed time of the transaction data in the blockchain network is determined. For example, the internet of things device a may be an intelligent washing machine, the intelligent washing machine may automatically purchase laundry detergent from an intelligent vending machine, and data generated in the transaction process is transaction data. The intelligent laundry machine may negotiate a storage duration or elapsed time for transaction data with the intelligent vending machine.

Or, the data generated by the internet of things device a and required to be authenticated in the blockchain network only relates to the behavior of the internet of things device a itself, for example, the internet of things device a is an air purifier for detecting PM2.5 at home. The internet of things device a may determine the storage duration or elapsed duration of the data in the blockchain network by itself. For example, the internet of things device a determines a storage duration or an elapsed duration of data in the blockchain network according to the pre-subscription mode.

S302, the Internet of things equipment A sends data needing to be authenticated in the block chain network to the block chain equipment A;

specifically, in some embodiments, the internet of things device a sends the data and the determined storage duration or elapsed duration of the data to the blockchain device a.

Optionally, as an example, before the internet of things device a sends data to the blockchain device a, a communication connection is established between the internet of things device a and the blockchain device a. For example, the internet of things device a may send an access message to the blockchain device a after receiving the public key information sent by the blockchain device a, and the blockchain device a determines whether a communication connection with the internet of things device a can be established after receiving the access message sent by the internet of things device a. If yes, the block chain device A sends feedback information to the Internet of things device A, and communication connection is established between the Internet of things device A and the block chain device A.

Optionally, in S302, when sending data to the blockchain device a, the internet of things device a sends a storage duration or elapsed time, which is determined by itself or determined by negotiation with the internet of things device B and is required to be stored in the storage device, to the blockchain device a, so that when sending data to the storage device, the blockchain device a sends the storage duration or elapsed time to the storage device together.

S303, S202 and its subsequent steps in the method 200 are performed.

The above describes in detail a data processing method based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the following describes in detail an apparatus according to the present application with reference to fig. 6, as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus 10 includes:

a processing module 11, configured to determine a block to be deleted in a block chain network, where the device is a device in the block chain network;

and a deleting operation executing module 12, configured to execute a deleting related operation to delete the to-be-deleted block.

Therefore, according to the device according to the embodiment of the present application, after determining the to-be-deleted block in the block chain network, the device executes the deletion related operation, thereby implementing deletion of the to-be-deleted block. Thereby, the load in the blockchain network and the bandwidth required for the transmission of the blockchain can be reduced.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is specifically configured to:

determining a storage duration or elapsed time of a block in the blockchain network;

and determining the block to be deleted according to the storage time length or the elapsed time.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is specifically configured to: determining that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of an ith first chunk of K consecutive first chunks is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the ith first chunk, where the storage duration of the ith chunk is used to indicate a duration that data included in the ith first chunk or the ith first chunk needs to be stored in the blockchain network, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is 1, … K; and determining the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is specifically configured to: determining a current time as an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K consecutive first chunks, or the current time is later than an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K first chunks, the elapsed time of the ith first chunk being used to indicate a time when the first chunk or data included in the first chunk needs to be deleted in the chunk chain network, K being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i being 1, … K; and determining the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the deletion operation execution module 12 is specifically configured to: deleting the K first blocks; or setting an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks, and sending first block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks to the device in the block chain network, where the first block information is used to indicate the K first blocks, so that the device in the block chain network deletes the K first blocks when determining that the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks is a first preset value.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, before the processing module 11 determines that a time interval between the current time and the generation time of the ith first block in the consecutive K first blocks is greater than or equal to the storage duration of the ith first block, the processing module 11 is further configured to: determining that a first block with a time interval between the generation time and the current time smaller than the storage duration of the block exists in the K first blocks;

the deleting operation executing module 12 is further configured to delete data included in the first block whose time interval between the generation time and the current time is smaller than the storage duration of the block.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, before determining that the current time is an elapsed time of an ith first block of the K consecutive first blocks, or the current time is later than the elapsed time of the ith first block of the K first blocks, the processing module 11 is further configured to: determining that there is a first block having an elapsed time earlier than a current time among the K first blocks, K being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i ═ 1, … K; the deleting operation executing module 12 is further configured to delete the data included in the first block whose elapsed time is earlier than the current time.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is specifically configured to: determining that a block chain carries first block information and a deletion authentication frequency, wherein the first block information is used for indicating K continuous first blocks, the deletion authentication frequency is used for indicating the deletion authentication frequency of the K first blocks in the block chain network, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and determining the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, a value of the deletion authentication number is a first preset value;

the deletion operation execution module 12 is specifically configured to: and deleting the K first blocks.

In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, a value of the deletion authentication number is smaller than a first preset value;

the deletion operation execution module 12 is specifically configured to: and after the value of the deletion authentication times is increased by 1, sending the first block information and the deletion authentication times to the equipment in the block chain network, so that the equipment in the block chain network deletes the K first blocks when determining that the deletion authentication times of the K first blocks is the first preset value.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, after the deleting operation executing module deletes the K first blocks, the processing module 11 is further configured to: determining that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of a jth second block in L continuous second blocks is greater than or equal to a storage time of the jth second block, wherein the L second blocks are blocks which are later than the K first blocks in the generation time and are adjacent to the L first blocks, L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is 1, … L;

the deleting operation executing module 12 is further configured to delete the L second blocks; or setting an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks, and sending second block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks to the device in the block chain network, where the second block information is used to indicate the L second blocks, so that the device in the block chain network deletes the L second blocks when determining that the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks is the first preset value.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is further configured to: generating a third block, where the third block carries a storage duration of the third block, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the block chain network.

In this embodiment of the present application, optionally, the block header of the third block includes a storage duration of the third block.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the third block includes data sent by the second device;

wherein, before the generating the third block, the processing module 11 is further configured to: receiving data sent by a second device and a first storage duration of the data, wherein the second device is a device in the blockchain network, and the first storage duration is used for indicating a duration determined by the second device that the data needs to be stored in the blockchain network; and determining the storage time length of the third block according to the first storage time length.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the first storage duration is determined by the second device through negotiation with a third device, where the third device is a device in the blockchain network.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the first storage duration is determined by the second device according to a second storage duration, the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by a fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, where the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is further configured to: determining a block chain to which the third block belongs; adding the third tile to the chain of tiles.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is specifically configured to: and determining a block chain to which the third block belongs according to the storage duration of the third block and a preset corresponding relationship, wherein the preset corresponding relationship is the corresponding relationship between the storage duration of the block and the block chain.

In this embodiment of the present application, optionally, the block chain carries an identifier of the block chain.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is further configured to: and generating a fourth block, wherein a block header of the fourth block comprises third block information and deletion time information, the third block information is used for indicating the deleted block, and the deletion time information is used for indicating the deletion time of the deleted block or indicating the deletion time of the data included in the deleted block.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is further configured to: sending the deleted chunk or the data included in the deleted chunk to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 11 is further configured to: sending a third storage duration to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network, where the third storage duration is a duration in which the deleted block or the data included in the deleted block needs to be stored in the storage device in the blockchain network or the storage device outside the blockchain network.

It should be understood that the device 10 in embodiments of the present invention is embodied in the form of a functional unit. In an alternative example, those skilled in the art may understand that the apparatus 10 may be configured to perform the various processes and/or steps in the above method embodiments, and details are not described herein to avoid repetition.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a device according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 20 includes:

the processing module 21 is configured to obtain data, where the device is a device in a block chain network;

the processing module 21 is further configured to determine a first storage duration of the data, where the first storage duration of the data is used to indicate a duration that the data determined by the device needs to be stored in the blockchain network;

a transceiver module 23, configured to send the data and the first storage duration to a device in the blockchain network, where the first storage duration is used to determine a storage duration of a third block containing the data, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that the data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the blockchain network.

Therefore, after determining the storage duration of the acquired data, the device according to the embodiment of the present application sends the acquired data and the determined storage duration of the data to the device in the blockchain network, so that the device in the blockchain network can determine the storage duration of the block containing the data according to the storage duration determined by the device. Therefore, the device in the block chain network can execute the deletion related operation when determining that the block containing the data is the block to be deleted according to the storage duration of the block, so as to delete the block to be deleted. Thereby, the load in the blockchain network and the bandwidth required for the transmission of the blockchain can be reduced.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 21 is specifically configured to: and negotiating with a third device to determine the first storage duration, wherein the third device is a device in the block chain network.

In this embodiment of the application, optionally, the processing module 21 is specifically configured to: receiving the data and a second storage duration sent by a fourth device, where the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by the fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network; and determining the first storage time length according to the second storage time length.

It should be understood that the device 20 in the embodiments of the present invention is embodied in the form of a functional unit. In an alternative example, it may be understood by those skilled in the art that the apparatus 20 may be configured to perform various procedures and/or steps in the above method embodiments, and in order to avoid repetition, the details are not described herein again.

FIG. 8 illustrates an apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the device 100 includes a processor 110 and a transceiver 120, the processor 110 and the transceiver 120 are connected, and optionally, the device 100 further includes a memory 130, and the memory 130 is connected to the processor 110. Wherein the processor 110, the memory 130, and the transceiver 120 may communicate with each other through internal connection paths. The processor 110 is configured to determine a block to be deleted in a block chain network, where the device is a device in the block chain network; the processor 110 is further configured to perform a deletion related operation to delete the to-be-deleted block.

The device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application may refer to the device 10 corresponding to the embodiment of the present application, and each unit/module and the other operations and/or functions in the device are respectively corresponding processes in the method, and for brevity, are not described again here.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 9, the apparatus 200 comprises: processor 210 and transceiver 220, processor 210 and transceiver 220 being coupled, optionally, device 200 further comprises memory 230, memory 230 being coupled to processor 210. Wherein the processor 210, the memory 230, and the transceiver 220 may communicate with each other through internal connection paths. The processor 210 is configured to obtain data, where the device is a device in a block chain network; the transceiver 220 is further configured to determine a first storage duration of the data, where the first storage duration of the data is used to indicate a duration that the data determined by the device needs to be stored in the blockchain network; the transceiver 220 is configured to send the data and the first storage duration to a device in the blockchain network, where the first storage duration is used to determine a storage duration of a third block containing the data, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that the data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the blockchain network.

The device 200 according to the embodiment of the present application may refer to the device 20 corresponding to the embodiment of the present application, and each unit/module and the other operations and/or functions in the device are respectively corresponding processes in the method, and are not described herein again for brevity.

It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capability. The Processor may be a general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory in the embodiments of the present application may be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The non-volatile Memory may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash Memory. Volatile Memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache Memory. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static random access memory (Static RAM, SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), synchronous Dynamic random access memory (syncronous DRAM, SDRAM), Double Data Rate synchronous Dynamic random access memory (ddr Data Rate SDRAM, ddr SDRAM), Enhanced synchronous SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchloined SDRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A data processing method based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining, by a first device, a storage duration or an elapsed time of a block in a blockchain network, where the first device is a device in the blockchain network, the storage duration is used for indicating a duration in which the block or data in the block needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the elapsed time is used for indicating a time in which the block or data included in the block needs to be deleted in the blockchain network;

the first equipment determines the block to be deleted according to the storage duration or the elapsed time;

and the first equipment executes relevant deleting operation so as to delete the block to be deleted.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining, by the first device, the to-be-deleted block according to the storage duration includes:

the first device determines that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of an ith first chunk of K consecutive first chunks is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the ith first chunk, where the storage duration of the ith first chunk is used to indicate a duration that data included in the ith first chunk or the ith first chunk needs to be stored in the chunk chain network, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is 1, … K;

the first device determines the ith first block as a block to be deleted.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first device determines the to-be-deleted block according to the elapsed time, comprising:

the first device determines that a current time is an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K consecutive first chunks, or the current time is later than an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K first chunks, the elapsed time of the ith first chunk being used to indicate a time for which the first chunk or data included in the first chunk needs to be deleted in the chunk chain network, K being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i ═ 1, … K;

the first device determines the ith first block as a block to be deleted.

4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the first device performs deletion-related operations comprising:

the first device deletes the K first blocks; or the like, or, alternatively,

the first device sets an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks, and sends first block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks to devices in the block chain network, where the first block information is used to indicate the K first blocks, so that the devices in the block chain network delete the K first blocks when determining that the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks is a first preset value.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein before the first device determines that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of an ith first block of the K consecutive first blocks is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the ith first block, the method further comprises:

the first equipment determines that a first block of which the time interval between the generation time and the current time is less than the storage duration of the block exists in the K first blocks;

and the first equipment deletes the data included in the first block of which the time interval between the generation time and the current time is greater than or equal to the storage duration of the block.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein before the first device determines that the current time is an elapsed time for an ith one of the K consecutive first blocks or is later than the elapsed time for the ith one of the K first blocks, the method further comprises:

the first device determines that a first block with the elapsed time later than the current time exists in the K first blocks;

the first device deletes data included in the first block whose elapsed time is earlier than the current time.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first device determines a block to be deleted in a blockchain network, comprising:

the first device determines that a block chain carries first block information and a deletion authentication frequency, wherein the first block information is used for indicating K continuous first blocks, the deletion authentication frequency is used for indicating the deletion authentication frequency of the K first blocks in the block chain network, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

the first device determines the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the deletion authentication number takes a value of a first preset value;

wherein the first device performs deletion-related operations, including:

the first device deletes the K first blocks.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the deletion authentication number is smaller than a first preset value;

wherein the first device performs deletion-related operations, including:

and after increasing the value of the deletion authentication times by 1, the first device sends the first block information and the deletion authentication times to devices in the block chain network, so that the devices in the block chain network delete the K first blocks when determining that the deletion authentication times of the K first blocks is the first preset value.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after the first device deletes the K first blocks, the method further comprises:

the first device determines that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of a jth second block in L continuous second blocks is greater than or equal to a storage time of the jth second block, wherein the L second blocks are blocks which are adjacent to the K first blocks and have generation times later than the K first blocks, L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is 1, … L;

the first device deletes the L second blocks; or the like, or, alternatively,

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

the first device generates a third block, where the third block carries a storage duration of the third block, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the block chain network.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the block header of the third block comprises a storage duration of the third block.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the third block comprises data transmitted by the second device;

wherein, before the first device generates the third block, the method further comprises:

the first device receives data sent by a second device and a first storage duration of the data, the second device is a device in the blockchain network, and the first storage duration is used for indicating a duration determined by the second device that the data needs to be stored in the blockchain network;

and the first equipment determines the storage time length of the third block according to the first storage time length.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first storage duration is determined by the second device through negotiation with a third device, the third device being a device in the blockchain network.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein the first storage duration is determined by the second device based on a second storage duration, wherein the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by a fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and wherein the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, and wherein the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, further comprising:

the first device determines a block chain to which the third block belongs;

the first device adds the third tile to the chain of tiles.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the determining, by the first device, the block chain to which the third block belongs comprises:

and the first equipment determines a block chain to which the third block belongs according to the storage duration of the third block and a preset corresponding relationship, wherein the preset corresponding relationship is the corresponding relationship between the storage duration of the block and the block chain.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the blockchain carries an identification of the blockchain.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

the first device generates a fourth block, wherein a block header of the fourth block comprises third block information and deletion time information, the third block information is used for indicating a deleted block, and the deletion time information is used for indicating deletion time of the deleted block or indicating deletion time of data included in the deleted block.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

the first device sends the deleted chunk or the data included in the deleted chunk to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:

the first device sends a third storage duration to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network, where the third storage duration is a duration in which the deleted block or data included in the deleted block needs to be stored in the storage device in the blockchain network or the storage device outside the blockchain network.

23. A data processing method based on a block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring data by second equipment, wherein the second equipment is equipment in a block chain network;

the second device determines a first storage duration of the data, where the first storage duration of the data is used to indicate a duration that the data determined by the second device needs to be stored in the blockchain network;

the second device sends the data and the first storage duration to a device in the blockchain network, where the first storage duration is used to determine a storage duration of a third block containing the data, where the third block is generated by the device in the blockchain network, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration in which the data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the blockchain network.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the second device determines a first storage duration for the data, comprising:

and the second equipment negotiates with third equipment to determine the first storage duration, wherein the third equipment is equipment in the block chain network.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the second device obtains data comprising:

the second device receives the data and a second storage duration sent by a fourth device, where the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by the fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network;

wherein the determining, by the second device, a first storage duration of the data comprises:

and the second equipment determines the first storage time length according to the second storage time length.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, and wherein the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

27. An apparatus for data processing based on a blockchain, comprising:

a processing module, configured to determine a storage duration or an elapsed time of a block in a blockchain network, where the device is a device in the blockchain network, the storage duration is used to indicate a duration that the block or data in the block needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the elapsed time is used to indicate a time that the block or data included in the block needs to be deleted in the blockchain network;

the processing module is further configured to determine the block to be deleted according to the storage duration or the elapsed time; and the deleting operation executing module is used for executing deleting related operations so as to delete the block to be deleted.

28. The device of claim 27, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to:

determining that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of an ith first block in K consecutive first blocks is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the ith first block, where the storage duration of the ith first block is used to indicate a duration in which data included in the ith first block or the ith first block needs to be stored in the block chain network, K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and i is 1, … K;

and determining the ith first block as a block to be deleted.

29. The device of claim 27, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to:

determining a current time as an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K consecutive first chunks, or the current time is later than an elapsed time of an ith first chunk of the K first chunks, the elapsed time of the ith first chunk being used to indicate a time when the first chunk or data included in the first chunk needs to be deleted in the chunk chain network, K being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, i being 1, … K;

and determining the ith first block as a block to be deleted.

30. The device according to claim 29, wherein the delete operation execution module is specifically configured to:

deleting the K first blocks; or the like, or, alternatively,

setting an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks, and sending first block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks to a device in the block chain network, where the first block information is used to indicate the K first blocks, so that the device in the block chain network deletes the K first blocks when determining that the number of times of deletion authentication of the K first blocks is a first preset value.

31. The apparatus of claim 28 or 29, wherein before the processing module determines that the time interval between the current time and the generation time of the ith one of the K consecutive first blocks is greater than or equal to the storage duration of the ith first block, the processing module is further configured to:

determining that a first block with a time interval between the generation time and the current time smaller than the storage duration of the block exists in the K first blocks;

the deleting operation executing module is further configured to delete data included in the first block, where a time interval between the generation time and the current time is greater than or equal to a storage duration of the block.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein before determining that the current time is an elapsed time for an ith first block of the K consecutive first blocks, or the current time is later than the elapsed time for the ith first block of the K first blocks, the processing module is further configured to:

determining that a first block with the elapsed time later than the current time exists in the K first blocks;

the deleting operation executing module is further configured to delete the data included in the first block whose elapsed time is earlier than the current time.

33. The device of claim 32, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to:

determining that a block chain carries first block information and a deletion authentication frequency, wherein the first block information is used for indicating K continuous first blocks, the deletion authentication frequency is used for indicating the deletion authentication frequency of the K first blocks in the block chain network, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

and determining the K first blocks as blocks to be deleted.

34. The device of claim 33, wherein a value of the number of times of deletion authentication is a first preset value;

wherein the deletion operation execution module is specifically configured to: and deleting the K first blocks.

35. The device of claim 34, wherein a value of the number of times of deletion authentication is smaller than a first preset value;

wherein the deletion operation execution module is specifically configured to: and after the value of the deletion authentication times is increased by 1, sending the first block information and the deletion authentication times to the equipment in the block chain network, so that the equipment in the block chain network deletes the K first blocks when determining that the deletion authentication times of the K first blocks is the first preset value.

36. The apparatus according to any of claims 27 to 29, wherein after the deleting operation performing module deletes the K first blocks, the processing module is further configured to:

determining that a time interval between a current time and a generation time of a jth second block in L continuous second blocks is greater than or equal to a storage time of the jth second block, wherein the L second blocks are blocks which are later than the K first blocks in the generation time and are adjacent to the K first blocks, L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and j is 1, … L;

the deleting operation executing module is further configured to delete the L second blocks; or setting an initial value of the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks, and sending second block information and the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks to the device in the block chain network, where the second block information is used to indicate the L second blocks, so that the device in the block chain network deletes the L second blocks when determining that the number of times of deletion authentication of the L second blocks is the first preset value.

37. The apparatus of any of claims 27 to 29, wherein the processing module is further configured to:

generating a third block, where the third block carries a storage duration of the third block, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the block chain network.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the block header of the third block comprises a storage duration of the third block.

39. The device of claim 38, wherein the third block comprises data transmitted by the second device;

wherein, prior to the generating the third block, the processing module is further to:

receiving data sent by a second device and a first storage duration of the data, wherein the second device is a device in the blockchain network, and the first storage duration is used for indicating a duration determined by the second device that the data needs to be stored in the blockchain network;

and determining the storage time length of the third block according to the first storage time length.

40. The device of claim 39, wherein the first storage duration is determined by the second device through negotiation with a third device, and wherein the third device is a device in the blockchain network.

41. The device of claim 39, wherein the first storage duration is determined by the second device based on a second storage duration, wherein the second storage duration is a duration determined by a fourth device that the data needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and wherein the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

42. The device of claim 41, wherein the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, and wherein the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

43. The device of any one of claims 38 to 42, wherein the processing module is further configured to:

determining a block chain to which the third block belongs;

adding the third tile to the chain of tiles.

44. The device of claim 43, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to:

and determining a block chain to which the third block belongs according to the storage duration of the third block and a preset corresponding relationship, wherein the preset corresponding relationship is the corresponding relationship between the storage duration of the block and the block chain.

45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the blockchain carries an identification of the blockchain.

46. The apparatus of any of claims 27 to 29, wherein the processing module is further configured to:

and generating a fourth block, wherein a block header of the fourth block comprises third block information and deletion time information, the third block information is used for indicating the deleted block, and the deletion time information is used for indicating the deletion time of the deleted block or indicating the deletion time of the data included in the deleted block.

47. The apparatus of any of claims 27 to 29, wherein the processing module is further configured to:

sending the deleted chunk or the data included in the deleted chunk to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network.

48. The device of claim 47, wherein the processing module is further configured to:

sending a third storage duration to a storage device in the blockchain network or a storage device outside the blockchain network, where the third storage duration is a duration in which the deleted block or the data included in the deleted block needs to be stored in the storage device in the blockchain network or the storage device outside the blockchain network.

49. An apparatus for data processing based on a blockchain, comprising:

the processing module is used for acquiring data, and the equipment is equipment in a block chain network;

the processing module is further configured to determine a first storage duration of the data, where the first storage duration of the data is used to indicate a duration that the data determined by the device needs to be stored in the blockchain network;

a transceiver module, configured to send the data and the first storage duration to a device in the blockchain network, where the first storage duration is used to determine a storage duration of a third block that includes the data, where the third block is generated by the device in the blockchain network, and the storage duration of the third block is used to indicate a duration that the data included in the third block or the third block needs to be stored in the blockchain network.

50. The device of claim 49, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to: and negotiating with a third device to determine the first storage duration, wherein the third device is a device in the block chain network.

51. The device of claim 49, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to:

receiving the data and a second storage duration sent by a fourth device, where the second storage duration is a duration that the data determined by the fourth device needs to be stored in the blockchain network, and the fourth device is a device outside the blockchain network;

and determining the first storage time length according to the second storage time length.

52. The device of claim 51, wherein the second storage duration is determined by the fourth device through negotiation with a fifth device, and wherein the fifth device is a device outside the blockchain network.

53. A communication system for data processing based on a blockchain, comprising the apparatus of any one of claims 27 to 48 and the apparatus of any one of claims 49 to 52.