CN108278115A - A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing and structure based on pre-timbering with tubular prop - Google Patents
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing and structure based on pre-timbering with tubular prop Download PDFInfo
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- CN108278115A CN108278115A CN201711054349.3A CN201711054349A CN108278115A CN 108278115 A CN108278115 A CN 108278115A CN 201711054349 A CN201711054349 A CN 201711054349A CN 108278115 A CN108278115 A CN 108278115A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000712 Boron steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing and structure based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, apply short tube canopy, with advance reinforcement and supporting front of tunnel heading country rock by tunnel construction with no workroom technology in hole respectively；With the big arch springing of setting at every level-one step base；Under above-mentioned double control measure, three steps of tunnel cross section point excavate successively, and detailed process is：First short barrel vault advanced support is applied along a certain range of tunnel arch；It is wrong away from upper, middle and lower step is excavated successively, preliminary bracing is applied immediately after the completion of each bench excavation, and big arch springing pattern is designed as at preliminary bracing footing；When getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation with previous 1 times of hole diameter of circulation secondary lining cutting distance, inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are applied.The present invention not only solves the problem of tunnel deformation control hardly possible under the conditions of Shallow-Buried Soft Rock, while also overcoming the shortcomings of conventional construction method branch under square one is more, process is numerous, construction is slow, gib is more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing tunnel field, more particularly to a kind of three step tunnel of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop is fast
Fast construction method and structure.
Background technology
In recent years, there are more and more Tunnel Engineering in greatly developing with China's infrastructure construction.At some
It passes through in the shallow tunnel of weak surrounding rock, preliminary bracing strain cracking is invaded the limit even large deformation problems such as collapse and cave-in and seen repeatly not
It is fresh, the construction safety and progress in tunnel are seriously affected, to increase project cost.
For the above situation, the generation of large deformation disaster in order to prevent is adopted mostly both at home and abroad at present with ensureing construction safety
It is that the complicated partial excavation method of various processes is constructed, wherein most commonly seen with CRD methods and two side-wall pilot tunnel.
Although such construction method is more apparent for the effect for controlling ground settlement, due to its working procedure is numerous, each portion constructs phase
It mutually interferes that larger, speed of application is slow, causes the closing time of entire excavated section long, be unfavorable for controlling tunnel to a certain extent
Deformation, while gib dosage is big, increases engineering cost.
Therefore, tunnel deformation how is efficiently controlled, while ensureing the rapid construction in tunnel, is currently urgently to be resolved hurrily ask
Topic.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be the deficiency for above-mentioned construction method, providing one kind can control
Tunnel deformation ensures construction safety, and can accelerate construction progress the method for tunnel construction and structure for reducing construction cost.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of, and the three step tunnel of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop is fast
Fast construction method and structure apply short tube canopy, with advance reinforcement and supporting area by tunnel construction with no workroom technology in hole
Square country rock in front, by the way that big arch springing is arranged at every level-one step base, to increase substrate-loading area, to reduce tunnel knot
Structure and surrouding rock deformation；Under above-mentioned double control measure, three steps of tunnel cross section point excavate successively.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the technical scheme is that,
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, includes the following steps：
Mistake before tunnel excavation, applies short tube canopy to three steps of tunnel cross section point along tunnel arch first away from excavation successively
Advance support；Then wrong successively to be recycled as one away from excavation upper, middle and lower step, and each step in a cycle is opened
Corresponding preliminary bracing is applied immediately after the completion of digging, and big arch springing type is set as at the footing of preliminary bracing；When under secondary cycle excavation
When step and the secondary lining distance of previous cycle are 1 times of hole diameter, inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are applied.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, the short tube canopy are super
Preceding supporting is made of using tunnel construction with no workroom in hole, the short tube canopy the steel pipe of more diameter 75mm, long 6~8m,
Part of the steel pipe in being deep into country rock is equipped with for setting the aperture for finishing grouting behind shaft or drift lining in short tube boron steel pipe, in tunnel cross section
On, steel pipe is evenly arranged in the spacing of 0.3~0.8m within the scope of 120 °~180 ° of tunnel arch, in tunnel profile direction
On, steel pipe is inserted upwardly into front of tunnel heading country rock with 6 °~8 ° of oblique cutting angle, and longitudinal lap joint length is 1~2m.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, it is short in work progress
Pipe canopy by 6 °~8 ° oblique cutting angles and pipe canopy by designing the 1m long that spacing is embedded in advance in the gunite concrete of previous cycle
Guide pipe reach the last necromancer body, to realize tunnel construction with no workroom in hole.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, the preliminary bracing
Include the system anchor bolt radially squeezed into country rock along tunnel, the bar-mat reinforcement that hang on tunnel arch, erected along tunnel cross section
Steel arch-shelf, the lock foot anchoring stock squeezed into country rock and be supported on steel arch-shelf bottom, the big arch springing being arranged at steel arch-shelf bottom and
It sprays in the gunite concrete of tunnel arch.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, the big arch springing are
The triangle being welded by I-steel, the bottom edge of big arch springing and the bevel edge by country rock side weld on I-steel again respectively
The steel plate of 1.6cm thickness 0.5m wide, bottom edge steel plate is vertical with the contour line of tunnel excavation, when the substrate of any step enters basement rock
When, then cancel big arch springing.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, upper, middle and lower step point
The 1/3 of tunnel cross section is not accounted for, and mutually wrong away from 5m~1 times hole diameter, each cyclic advance is 1~1.5m.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, including short barrel vault advanced support knot
Structure, upper, middle and lower step, preliminary bracing structure, inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and the secondary lining for constituting tunnel excavation part；
Tunnel arch of the short barrel vault advanced support structure setting before tunnel excavation part is with to tunnel excavation
Part forms protection, the described upper, middle and lower step respectively it is wrong away from；The preliminary bracing structure is respectively arranged at upper, middle and lower
The tunnel arch of stepped locations；Inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are respectively arranged at top, the side that part is completed in tunnel
Wall, bottom；
Preliminary bracing structure includes the system anchor bolt radially squeezed into country rock along tunnel, hang on the reinforcing bar of tunnel arch
Net, along tunnel cross section erect steel arch-shelf, squeeze into country rock and be supported on steel arch-shelf bottom lock foot anchoring stock, be arranged in steel
Big arch springing and injection at arch bottom is in the gunite concrete of tunnel arch.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, the short tube canopy are super
Preceding supporting construction includes the steel pipe composition of more diameter 75mm, long 6~8m, and part of the steel pipe in being deep into country rock is equipped with and is used for
The aperture for finishing grouting behind shaft or drift lining is set in short tube boron steel pipe, on tunnel cross section, steel pipe is evenly arranged with the spacing of 0.3~0.8m
Within the scope of 120 °~180 ° of tunnel arch, on tunnel profile direction, steel pipe is inserted upwardly into the palm with 6 °~8 ° of oblique cutting angle
Square country rock in face of son, longitudinal lap joint length are 1~2m.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, the upper, middle and lower
Step accounts for the 1/3 of tunnel cross section respectively, and mutually mistake is away from 5m~1 times hole diameter, and excavates upper, middle and lower platform when tunnel excavation successively
Rank recycles as one, and each cyclic advance is 1~1.5m.
A kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, the big arch springing are
The triangle being welded by I-steel, the bottom edge of big arch springing and the bevel edge by country rock side weld on I-steel again respectively
The steel plate of 1.6cm thickness 0.5m wide, bottom edge steel plate is vertical with the contour line of tunnel excavation, when the substrate of any step enters basement rock
When, then it is not provided with big arch springing.
The technical effects of the invention are that：
(1) traditional Pipe Roofing Construction Technology needs to dig 0.6~0.8m to outer diameter to form pipe canopy work along tunnel contour line
Make room, although being conducive to the construction of large scale piperoof, since the excavation area of tunnel cross-section expands, not only further releases and enclose
Rock pressure power leads to place's stress concentration of caunching, and also adds the quantities such as the cubic metre of earth and stone, preliminary bracing to extend construction work
Phase causes engineering cost to increase.The present invention considers the advanced drilling depth length of top bar and builder's staging height in construction, rationally
Ground devises pipe canopy length and the outer limb of pipe canopy, and the conventional operating rooms Guan Peng are eliminated by pre-buried guide pipe, realize no work
Make the safely and fast construction of pipe canopy when the condition of room.
(2) traditional partial excavation construction method leads to initial stage in work progress due to having carried out piecemeal to tunnel cross-section
Supporting cannot close in time cyclization and reach best supporting effect, thus arch preliminary bracing structure just must by its two
The reaction of bearing of side ground ensures stable structure.For traditional partial excavation construction method since piecemeal is more, pressure from surrounding rock is primary
Property discharges smaller, therefore big arch springing structure is not designed specially, but in practice of construction, due to the actual bearing capacity of tunnel surrounding
It is poor, often it can all cause tunnel the problem of Deformation control hardly possible occur to a certain extent.The present invention is by being arranged the big arch springing in both sides
Structure increases the contact area of arch springing and ground, has disperseed the load that preliminary bracing structure is transferred to arch springing ground, to control
Structure and surrouding rock deformation play crucial effect.
(3) traditional partial excavation construction method branch is more, process is numerous, construction is slow, gib is more.It is opened between each branch
The conversion of excavation method and the allotment of equipment have significantly delayed construction speed, gib are usually provided between branch, not only
Quantities is increased, while the Secondary Disturbance of country rock can be increased in removing temporary supports, is unfavorable for the stabilization of country rock and structure.This hair
Three bench excavation methods of bright offer are equally applicable to Shallow-Buried Soft Rock location, pass through above-mentioned tunnel construction with no workroom technology
And the big arch springing structure of setting, the deformation of country rock and structure has been efficiently controlled, construction safety has been ensure that, substantially reduces simultaneously
Construction period simultaneously reduces gib dosage, improves project benefit.
In conclusion the present invention can quickly and easily carry out barrel vault advanced support and the construction of big arch springing, largely
On control the deformation of tunnel top and the sedimentation of earth's surface, can solve that branch existing for existing traditional construction engineering method is more, process
The problems such as numerous, construction is slowly, gib is more, there is higher social and economic benefit.
Invention is further explained with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rapid constructing method three-dimensional provided by the present invention construction step schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the cross-section surface construction of rapid constructing method provided by the present invention walks schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is rapid constructing method vertical section provided by the present invention construction step schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is tunnel construction with no workroom installation diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the big arch springing structural schematic diagram of substrate in preliminary bracing of the present invention.
In figure：100,200 and 300 be tunnel partial excavation each section, wherein 100 be top bar, 200 be middle step,
300 be to get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation.
1 is pipe canopy guide pipe.
2 be leading pre-supporting short tube canopy.
301,302 be respectively the radial anchor pole of exponent part and middle step part tunnel peripheral wall of appearing on the stage.
401,402,403 be respectively the bar-mat reinforcement for excavating and being hung after upper, middle and lower step part.
501,502,503 be respectively the steel arch-shelf for excavating and being erected after upper, middle and lower step part.
601,602 be respectively steel arch-shelf 501 and 502 big arch springing structure.
701,702 be respectively steel arch-shelf 501 and the lock foot anchoring stock (bar) that 502 bottoms are welded.
801,802,803 be respectively upper, middle and lower step part gunite concrete preliminary bracing.
901 it is inverted arch and abutment wall, 902 is secondary lining.
10 be tunnel bottom Concrete Filled layer.
11 be the I20b I-steel diagonal braces close to country rock side in big arch springing structure.
12 be the lateral steel plate that size is 50*50*1.6cm in big arch springing structure.
13 be the I20b I-steel stulls close to country rock bottom in big arch springing structure.
14 be the bottom steel plate that size is 100*50*1.6cm in big arch springing structure.
Specific implementation mode
The method of the present embodiment includes the following steps：Mistake is away from excavation successively for three steps of tunnel cross section point, in tunnel excavation
Before, first short barrel vault advanced support is applied along tunnel arch；It is then wrong successively to be recycled as one away from excavation upper, middle and lower step,
And corresponding preliminary bracing is applied immediately after the completion of each bench excavation in a cycle, it is set as at the footing of preliminary bracing
Big arch springing type.Due to dividing bench excavation, the top bar excavation that excavates and get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation is completed, and after erecting steel arch-shelf, is existed
Footing.When it is secondary cycle excavate get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation with the secondary lining of previous cycle distance be 1 times of hole diameter when, apply inverted arch, abutment wall, fill out
Fill layer and secondary lining.
Short barrel vault advanced support is using tunnel construction with no workroom in hole, and short tube canopy is by more diameter 75mm, long 6~8m
Steel pipe form, part of the steel pipe in being deep into country rock be equipped with for setting the aperture for finishing grouting behind shaft or drift lining in short tube boron steel pipe,
On tunnel cross section, steel pipe is evenly arranged in the spacing of 0.3~0.8m within the scope of 120 °~180 ° of tunnel arch, vertical in tunnel
On section direction, steel pipe is inserted upwardly into front of tunnel heading country rock with 6 °~8 ° of oblique cutting angle, and longitudinal lap joint length is 1~2m.
In work progress, short tube canopy by pressing 6 °~8 ° oblique cutting angles and pipe in advance in the gunite concrete of previous cycle
The guide pipe of the 1m long of canopy design spacing embedment is reached the last necromancer body, to realize tunnel construction with no workroom in hole.Existing hole
Interior tunnel construction with no workroom is required to carry out a small amount of dig.And the present embodiment passes through the guiding in the previous pre-buried 1m long of cycle
Pipe squeezes into Guan Peng, realizes without the pipe roof construction under the premise of any dig.
Preliminary bracing in the present embodiment includes the system anchor bolt radially squeezed into country rock along tunnel, hang on tunnel arch
Bar-mat reinforcement, along tunnel cross section erect steel arch-shelf, squeeze into country rock and be supported on steel arch-shelf bottom lock foot anchoring stock, set
It sets the big arch springing at steel arch-shelf bottom and sprays in the gunite concrete of tunnel arch.Wherein big arch springing is to be welded by I-steel
Made of triangle, be welded by I-steel identical with steel arch-shelf, the bottom edge of big arch springing and by country rock side bevel edge distinguish
The steel plate that 1.6cm thickness 0.5m wide is welded on I-steel again is built up one's resistance to disease with increasing the forced area of substrate and country rock side,
Reduce Supporting Structure deformation.Its insole binding steel plate is vertical with the contour line of tunnel excavation, when the substrate of any step enters basement rock
When, then cancel big arch springing.Wherein substrate, that is, footing position, that is, refer to the foundation position of steel arch-shelf erection.
In the present embodiment, upper, middle and lower step accounts for the 1/3 of tunnel cross section respectively, and mutually mistake is away from 5m~1 times hole diameter, often
One cyclic advance is 1~1.5m.
Three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop in the present embodiment, including short tube canopy are advanced
Supporting construction, upper, middle and lower step, preliminary bracing structure, inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and the secondary lining for constituting tunnel excavation part
It builds；
Tunnel arch of the short barrel vault advanced support structure setting before tunnel excavation part is with to tunnel excavation part shape
At protection, upper, middle and lower step respectively it is wrong away from；Preliminary bracing structure is respectively arranged at the tunnel arch of upper, middle and lower stepped locations；
Inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are respectively arranged at top, side wall, the bottom that part is completed in tunnel；
Preliminary bracing structure includes the system anchor bolt radially squeezed into country rock along tunnel, hang on the reinforcing bar of tunnel arch
Net, along tunnel cross section erect steel arch-shelf, squeeze into country rock and be supported on steel arch-shelf bottom lock foot anchoring stock, be arranged in steel
Big arch springing and injection at arch bottom is in the gunite concrete of tunnel arch.
Short barrel vault advanced support structure includes the steel pipe composition of more diameter 75mm, long 6~8m, steel in the present embodiment structure
Part of the pipe in being deep into country rock is equipped with for setting the aperture for finishing grouting behind shaft or drift lining in short tube boron steel pipe, in tunnel cross section
On, steel pipe is evenly arranged in the spacing of 0.3~0.8m within the scope of 120 °~180 ° of tunnel arch, in tunnel profile direction
On, steel pipe is inserted upwardly into front of tunnel heading country rock with 6 °~8 ° of oblique cutting angle, and longitudinal lap joint length is 1~2m.
In the present embodiment structure, upper, middle and lower step accounts for the 1/3 of tunnel cross section respectively, and mutually mistake is away from 5m~1 times hole
Diameter, and excavate upper, middle and lower step when tunnel excavation successively and recycled as one, each cyclic advance is 1~1.5m.
In the present embodiment structure, big arch springing is the triangle being welded by I-steel, the bottom edge of big arch springing and leans on country rock
The bevel edge of side welds the steel plate of 1.6cm thickness 0.5m wide on I-steel again respectively, to increase the forced area of substrate and country rock side,
It builds up one's resistance to disease, reduces Supporting Structure deformation.Bottom edge steel plate is vertical with the contour line of tunnel excavation, when any step substrate into
When entering basement rock, then big arch springing is not provided with.
This method applies short tube canopy using tunnel construction with no workroom technology in hole, before advance reinforcement and supporting face
Square country rock；By the way that big arch springing is arranged at every level-one step base, to increase substrate-loading area, to reduce tunnel structure with
Surrouding rock deformation.Under above-mentioned deformation-controlling measures, three steps of tunnel cross section point excavate successively, and Specific construction process is：Along tunnel
Short barrel vault advanced support is applied in a certain range of road arch；Wrong away from upper, middle and lower step is excavated successively, each bench excavation is completed
It applies preliminary bracing immediately afterwards, big arch springing pattern is designed as at preliminary bracing footing；Get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation with previous circulation secondary lining cutting away from
When from 1 times of hole diameter, inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are applied.
For this example in Specific construction, used steps are as follows：
(1) referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, before carrying out tunnel excavation construction, according to the transverse shape of Tunnel Design, by tunnel
Entire cross section be divided into the part of upper, middle and lower three, each partly account for about 1/3 or so of entire tunnel cross section.
(2) referring to Fig. 4, by the previous jacking construction for recycling the guide pipe 1 applied and carrying out pre support short tube canopy 2, then
Grouting and reinforcing is carried out, and applies subsequent cycle guide pipe.Guide pipe 1, pipe canopy 2 and the angle of horizontal plane are 8 °.
(3) excavation of top bar 100 is carried out, immediately first pneumatically placed concrete, then with the circumferential spacing Vertical tunnel of 0.6m week
Wall squeezes into the system anchor bolt 301 of long 4m, Φ 22, and in tunnel, peripheral wall hangs bar-mat reinforcement 401, erects exponent part steel arch-shelf 501 of appearing on the stage,
Lock foot anchoring stock 601 and big arch springing structure 701 at the arch springing of both sides are applied, multiple pneumatically placed concrete to design thickness forms complete initial stage branch
Shield 801.Big arch springing structure is referring to Fig. 5, wherein 11,13 be respectively I20b I-steel diagonal brace and stull, 12,14 be respectively 1.6cm
The steel plate of thick 0.5m wide.
(4) top bar 100 excavate 5m after, the excavation of step 200 in progress, immediately just pneumatically placed concrete, then with 0.6m's
Circumferential spacing Vertical tunnel peripheral wall squeezes into the system anchor bolt 302 of long 4m, Φ 22, and in tunnel, peripheral wall hangs bar-mat reinforcement 402, in erection
Step steel arch-shelf 502 is simultaneously welded with top bar steel arch-shelf 501, applies lock foot anchoring stock 602 and big arch springing steel construction at the arch springing of both sides
702, multiple pneumatically placed concrete to design thickness forms complete preliminary bracing 802.
(5) after step 200 excavates 5m in, get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation 300 excavation, first pneumatically placed concrete immediately, then in tunnel week
Wall hanging sets bar-mat reinforcement 403, step steel arch-shelf 503 and is welded with middle step steel arch-shelf 502 in erection, and multiple pneumatically placed concrete is to designing
Thickness forms complete preliminary bracing 803.
(6) inverted arch, abutment wall 901 are applied, after inverted arch concrete initial set, it is high to design that placing inverted arch fills layer concrete 10
Degree.
(7) secondary lining 902 is applied.
(8) after completing entire construction cycle, the construction of subsequent cycle is carried out until the construction of Shallow-Buried Soft Rock section finishes.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Before tunnel excavation, it is advanced to apply short tube canopy away from excavation to three steps of tunnel cross section point along tunnel arch first for mistake successively
Supporting；Then wrong successively to be recycled as one away from excavation upper, middle and lower step, and each bench excavation in a cycle is complete
It applies corresponding preliminary bracing immediately after, big arch springing type is set as at the footing of preliminary bracing；When what secondary cycle was excavated gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
When secondary lining distance with previous cycle is 1 times of hole diameter, inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are applied.
2. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the short barrel vault advanced support is using tunnel construction with no workroom in hole, and the short tube canopy is by more diameters
The steel pipe composition of 75mm, long 6~8m, steel pipe are equipped in the part in being deep into country rock for after short tube boron steel pipe is set
The aperture of slip casting, on tunnel cross section, steel pipe is evenly arranged in 120 °~180 ° of tunnel arch model with the spacing of 0.3~0.8m
In enclosing, on tunnel profile direction, steel pipe is inserted upwardly into front of tunnel heading country rock with 6 °~8 ° of oblique cutting angle, and longitudinal lap joint is long
Degree is 1~2m.
3. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 2,
Be characterized in that, in work progress, short tube canopy by the gunite concrete of previous cycle in advance press 6 °~8 ° oblique cutting angles and
The guide pipe of the 1m long of pipe canopy design spacing embedment is reached the last necromancer body, to realize tunnel construction with no workroom in hole.
4. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the preliminary bracing includes the system anchor bolt radially squeezed into country rock along tunnel, hang on the steel of tunnel arch
Muscle net exists along the steel arch-shelf of tunnel cross section erection, the lock foot anchoring stock squeezed into country rock and be supported on steel arch-shelf bottom, setting
Big arch springing and injection at steel arch-shelf bottom is in the gunite concrete of tunnel arch.
5. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the big arch springing is the triangle being welded by I-steel, the bottom edge of big arch springing and the bevel edge by country rock side
Weld the steel plate of 1.6cm thickness 0.5m wide on I-steel again respectively, bottom edge steel plate is vertical with the contour line of tunnel excavation, when any
When the substrate of step enters basement rock, then cancel big arch springing.
6. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels method of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, upper, middle and lower step accounts for the 1/3 of tunnel cross section respectively, and mutually away from 5m~1 times hole diameter, each cyclic advance is mistake
1~1.5m.
7. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop, which is characterized in that including short tube canopy
Advance support structure, upper, middle and lower step, preliminary bracing structure, inverted arch, abutment wall, the filled layer and two for constituting tunnel excavation part
Secondary lining cutting；
Tunnel arch of the short barrel vault advanced support structure setting before tunnel excavation part is with to tunnel excavation part
Form protection, the described upper, middle and lower step respectively it is wrong away from；The preliminary bracing structure is respectively arranged at upper, middle and lower step
The tunnel arch of position；Inverted arch, abutment wall, filled layer and secondary lining are respectively arranged at top, side wall, the bottom that part is completed in tunnel
Portion；
Preliminary bracing structure includes the system anchor bolt radially squeezed into country rock along tunnel, hang on tunnel arch bar-mat reinforcement, edge
The steel arch-shelf of tunnel cross section erection, is arranged in steel arch-shelf the lock foot anchoring stock squeezed into country rock and be supported on steel arch-shelf bottom
Big arch springing and injection at bottom is in the gunite concrete of tunnel arch.
8. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, the short barrel vault advanced support structure includes the steel pipe composition of more diameter 75mm, long 6~8m, and steel pipe is in depth
The part entered into country rock is equipped with for setting the aperture for finishing grouting behind shaft or drift lining, on tunnel cross section, steel pipe in short tube boron steel pipe
Be evenly arranged within the scope of 120 °~180 ° of tunnel arch with the spacing of 0.3~0.8m, on tunnel profile direction, steel pipe with
6 °~8 ° of oblique cutting angle is inserted upwardly into front of tunnel heading country rock, and longitudinal lap joint length is 1~2m.
9. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, the upper, middle and lower step accounts for the 1/3 of tunnel cross section respectively, and mutually mistake is away from 5m~1 times hole diameter, and tunnel is opened
Upper, middle and lower step is excavated when digging successively to recycle as one, each cyclic advance is 1~1.5m.
10. a kind of three step Rapid Construction of Tunnels structure of big arch springing based on pre-timbering with tubular prop according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, the big arch springing is the triangle being welded by I-steel, the bottom edge of big arch springing and the bevel edge by country rock side
Weld the steel plate of 1.6cm thickness 0.5m wide on I-steel again respectively, bottom edge steel plate is vertical with the contour line of tunnel excavation, when any
When the substrate of step enters basement rock, then big arch springing is not provided with.
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| CN109339828A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of tunnel prestressing force inverted arch structure and its construction method |
| CN109538250A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-03-29 | 中南大学 | Device and method for branch at the beginning of tunnel with mould gunite concrete rapid construction |
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| CN110005434A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of constant resistance and large deformation anchor cable control method of soft rock tunnel country rock large deformation disaster |
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