CN108223396B - High-precision water pump model experimental device - Google Patents
High-precision water pump model experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108223396B CN108223396B CN201711305935.0A CN201711305935A CN108223396B CN 108223396 B CN108223396 B CN 108223396B CN 201711305935 A CN201711305935 A CN 201711305935A CN 108223396 B CN108223396 B CN 108223396B
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- guide vane
- pipe
- tail water
- section
- pump
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/043—Shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/06—Lubrication
- F04D29/061—Lubrication especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/528—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/548—Specially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/586—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-precision water pump model experimental device, which comprises a water inlet section, a pump section, a tail water section and an elbow section which are sequentially assembled together; the pump section comprises an impeller mechanism and a guide vane mechanism, the impeller is arranged at one end of the pump shaft and is rotatably supported in the impeller outer tube through the pump shaft, and the other end of the pump shaft extends out after penetrating through the elbow section; the guide vane core is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft and is not contacted with the pump shaft, the guide vane is integrally fixed on the periphery of the guide vane core pipe, and the periphery of the guide vane is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide vane outer cone pipe; the tail water cone is a semi-oval shell, is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft in the tail water outer cone pipe and is provided with a gap, and the open end of the tail water cone is fixedly connected with the guide vane core pipe; and a shaft protection pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft along the outlet direction at the tail water section. The invention has compact structure and high experimental precision, effectively avoids possible leaf distortion in the processing of important parts of the experimental device, eliminates the adverse effect of high-speed operation of the pump shaft on the flow state, and can be applied to high-precision hydraulic performance model experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fluid mechanical device, in particular to a water pump model experimental device with compact structure and high experimental precision.
Background
Because the water pump device in practical application has huge volume and high processing cost, the experiment of the prototype pump device is often difficult to carry out, generally, a method of carrying out the experiment after the prototype pump device is manufactured by scaling down the prototype pump device is adopted, and according to the obtained experimental result of the model pump device, the related data of the prototype pump device is converted by a given formula.
As an indispensable means in the fluid machinery design, the water pump model experimental device has been widely used. However, the experimental device has some problems in design, processing, measurement and the like, so that the experimental device has low experimental precision and has larger deviation from the observation result of the prototype pump device.
The guide vane of the existing water pump model experimental device is mainly formed by independently processing a core pipe, a vane body and a guide vane outer taper pipe, and then respectively welding the vane bodies in the middle of the core pipe and the guide vane outer taper pipe; because the high-speed transmission shaft passes through the fluid area, the disturbance to the fluid is unavoidable, and the flow state is changed to a certain extent; for a device with an outlet elbow, the traditional pressure measuring point takes the position of the elbow outlet 2 times of the diameter, the hydraulic loss influence of the elbow cannot be ignored, and the measurement accuracy of the flow parameters of the pump section is influenced.
Therefore, the existing water pump model experimental device needs to be further improved in terms of design, processing, measurement and other problems, so that the technical requirements of high-precision experiments are met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a high-precision water pump model experimental device, which not only effectively avoids possible leaf distortion in the processing of important parts of the experimental device, but also eliminates the adverse effect of high-speed operation of a pump shaft on flow state.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-precision water pump model experiment device is characterized by comprising a water inlet section, a pump section, a tail water section and an elbow section which are sequentially assembled together; the pump section comprises an impeller mechanism and a guide vane mechanism, the impeller mechanism comprises an impeller outer tube and an impeller, an inlet of the impeller outer tube is detachably connected with an outlet of the water inlet section, the impeller is installed at one end of a pump shaft and is rotatably supported in the impeller outer tube through the pump shaft, and the other end of the pump shaft penetrates through the tube wall of the elbow section and then extends out to be connected with the driving mechanism; the guide vane mechanism comprises a guide vane outer taper pipe, a guide vane core pipe and a guide vane, wherein an inlet of the guide vane outer taper pipe is detachably connected with an outlet of the impeller outer pipe, and the guide vane core pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft and is not contacted with the pump shaft; the guide vane is integrally fixed on the periphery of the guide vane core pipe, the guide vane is close to the outlet of the impeller, and the periphery of the guide vane is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide vane outer cone pipe; the tail water section comprises a tail water outer taper pipe, a tail water straight pipe and a tail water taper, wherein the inlet of the tail water outer taper pipe is detachably connected with the outlet of the guide vane outer taper pipe, and two ends of the tail water straight pipe are respectively detachably connected with the outlet of the tail water outer taper pipe and the inlet of the elbow section; the tail water cone is a semi-oval shell, is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft in the tail water outer cone pipe and is provided with a gap, and the open end of the tail water cone is fixedly connected with the guide vane core pipe; the tail water section is sleeved with a shaft protection pipe along the outlet direction for the periphery of the pump shaft, one end of the shaft protection pipe is fixedly connected with the tail water cone, the other end of the shaft protection pipe extends towards the elbow section, and a gap is reserved between the inner wall of the shaft protection pipe and the pump shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, an outlet pressure measuring mechanism is arranged on the tail water straight pipe 2 times the diameter of the impeller from the outlet of the guide vane, the outlet pressure measuring mechanism comprises four pressure taking holes symmetrically formed along the circumferential direction of the tail water straight pipe, one end of a pressure taking joint is connected to each pressure taking hole, the other ends of three pressure taking joints are connected with a tee joint, the other end of one pressure taking joint is connected with a four-way joint, adjacent tee joints are communicated through annular hoses, and finally, a pressure sensor is connected from the outlet on the four-way joint.
In a preferred embodiment, the guide vane core pipe and the guide vane are integrally forged by a five-axis linkage machining center, and then the machined integral forging of the guide vane core pipe and the guide vane is subjected to positioning welding with the guide vane outer taper pipe.
In a preferred embodiment, the water inlet section is configured as a reducer pipe with a large inlet and a small outlet.
In a preferred embodiment, the other end of the shaft protection tube passes through the through hole reserved on the elbow section and stretches into the mechanical sealing mechanism arranged at the other end of the pump shaft, and a gap is reserved between the shaft protection tube and the through hole.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the pressure taking hole is 3-6 mm or equal to 0.08 of the diameter of the tail water straight pipe, the small value of the diameter and the small value is taken, and the depth of the pressure taking hole is not smaller than 2.5 times the diameter of the pressure taking hole.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. because the pump shaft rotating at high speed passes through the water outlet flow channel, the high-speed rotation can have influence on the flow state, the invention adds the shaft protection tube to the periphery of the pump shaft and leaves a certain gap between the shaft protection tube and the pump shaft, thereby being capable of avoiding the disturbance of the flow state. 2. According to the invention, the guide vane core pipe and the guide vane are integrally forged by the five-axis linkage machining center, so that the space accuracy of the blade shape and the smoothness of a flow channel can be powerfully ensured, and then the machined guide vane core pipe and the guide vane integral forging piece and the guide vane outer taper pipe are subjected to positioning welding, so that the blade shape error caused by welding the guide vane by adopting a traditional machining mode is avoided. 3. The invention sets the water inlet section as the reducer pipe with big inlet and small outlet, which can make the upstream inflow flow of the impeller smoother. 4. The other end of the shaft protection pipe penetrates through the through hole reserved in the elbow section and stretches into the mechanical sealing mechanism arranged at the other end of the pump shaft, a gap is reserved between the shaft protection pipe and the through hole, and therefore part of fluid can penetrate through the gap between the shaft protection pipe and the through hole and flow into the mechanical sealing mechanism for lubrication and cooling. 5. For a device with an outlet elbow, the traditional pressure measuring point takes the position of 2 times of the diameter of the elbow outlet, the hydraulic loss of the elbow can influence the measurement accuracy of the flow parameters of the pump section, and the hydraulic loss of the elbow can be avoided by arranging the outlet pressure measuring mechanism at the position of 2 times of the diameter of the impeller at the outlet of the guide vane. 6. The invention has compact structure and high experimental precision, effectively avoids possible leaf distortion in the processing of important parts of an experimental device, eliminates the adverse effect of high-speed operation of the pump shaft on the flow state, improves the reliability of fluid flow measurement in performance experiments, and can be applied to high-precision hydraulic performance model experiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the vane mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the shaft shield of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the outlet pressure measuring mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present embodiment, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water pump model experimental device provided by the invention comprises a water inlet section 1, a pump section 2, a tail water section 3 and an elbow section 4 which are sequentially assembled together. The pump section 2 comprises an impeller mechanism 21 and a guide vane mechanism 22, the impeller mechanism comprises an impeller outer tube 23 and an impeller 24, an inlet of the impeller outer tube 23 is detachably connected with an outlet of the water inlet section 1, the impeller 24 is mounted at one end of the pump shaft 5 and is rotatably supported in the impeller outer tube 23 through the pump shaft 5, and the other end of the pump shaft 5 penetrates through the tube wall of the elbow section 4 and then extends out to be connected with the driving mechanism. The guide vane mechanism 22 comprises a guide vane outer taper pipe 25, a guide vane core pipe 26 and a guide vane 27, wherein the inlet of the guide vane outer taper pipe 25 is detachably connected with the outlet of the impeller outer pipe 23, and the guide vane core pipe 26 is sleeved on the pump shaft 5 and is not contacted with the pump shaft 5; the guide vane 27 is integrally fixed on the periphery of the guide vane core tube 25, the guide vane 27 is close to the outlet of the impeller 24, and the periphery of the guide vane 27 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide vane outer taper tube 26. The tail water section 3 comprises a tail water outer taper pipe 31, a tail water straight pipe 32 and a tail water taper 33, wherein the inlet of the tail water outer taper pipe 31 is detachably connected with the outlet of the guide vane outer taper pipe 25, and two ends of the tail water straight pipe 32 are respectively detachably connected with the outlet of the tail water outer taper pipe 31 and the inlet of the elbow section 4; the tail water cone 33 is a semi-oval shell, which is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft 5 in the tail water outer cone tube 31 and is provided with a gap, and the open end of the tail water cone 33 is fixedly connected with the guide vane core tube 26.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a shaft protection tube 6 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pump shaft 5 along the outlet direction at the tail water section 3, one end of the shaft protection tube 6 is fixed with the tail water cone 33 through a plurality of bolts, the other end extends towards the elbow section 4, a certain gap is reserved between the inner wall of the shaft protection tube 6 and the pump shaft 5, and the size of the gap can be determined according to the material performance and the specific stress load of the shaft protection tube 6.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, an outlet pressure measuring mechanism 7 is arranged on a tail water straight pipe 32 with an impeller diameter 2 times as large as that of an outlet of a guide vane 27, the outlet pressure measuring mechanism 7 comprises four pressure taking holes symmetrically formed along the circumferential direction of the tail water straight pipe 32, one end of a pressure taking joint 71 is connected to each pressure taking hole, the other ends of the three pressure taking joints 71 are connected with a tee joint 72, the other ends of the pressure taking joints 71 are connected with a four-way joint 73, the adjacent tee joints 72 and the four-way joint 73 are communicated through annular hoses 74, and finally, a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is connected from the outlet on the four-way joint 73.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to improve the processing precision of the guide vane, the guide vane core pipe 26 and the guide vane 27 are integrally forged and processed by a five-axis linkage processing center so as to ensure the accuracy and smoothness of the molded line of the guide vane, and then the integrally forged piece of the processed guide vane core pipe 26 and the processed guide vane 27 is subjected to positioning welding with the guide vane outer taper pipe 25, so that the blade shape error caused by the welding of the guide vane by adopting a traditional processing mode is avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to make the inflow upstream of the impeller 24 smoother, the water inlet section 1 is provided as a reducer pipe with a large inlet and a small outlet, and the length of the reducer pipe is enough to cover the area where the pump shaft 5 directly contacts with the fluid.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the other end of the shaft protecting tube 6 passes through the through hole reserved on the elbow section 4 and extends into the mechanical sealing mechanism 8 arranged at the other end of the pump shaft 5, and a gap is reserved between the shaft protecting tube 6 and the through hole, so that part of fluid can pass through the gap between the shaft protecting tube 6 and the through hole and flow into the mechanical sealing mechanism 8 for lubrication and cooling.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the pressure taking hole is 3-6 mm or equal to 0.08 of the diameter of the tail water straight pipe 32, and the depth of the pressure taking hole is not less than 2.5 times the diameter of the pressure taking hole.
The foregoing embodiments are provided to illustrate the present invention and various modifications and equivalent changes of connection and structure of parts are possible, and are not to be excluded from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The high-precision water pump model experiment device is characterized by comprising a water inlet section, a pump section, a tail water section and an elbow section which are sequentially assembled together;
the pump section comprises an impeller mechanism and a guide vane mechanism, the impeller mechanism comprises an impeller outer tube and an impeller, an inlet of the impeller outer tube is detachably connected with an outlet of the water inlet section, the impeller is installed at one end of a pump shaft and is rotatably supported in the impeller outer tube through the pump shaft, and the other end of the pump shaft penetrates through the tube wall of the elbow section and then extends out to be connected with the driving mechanism;
The guide vane mechanism comprises a guide vane outer taper pipe, a guide vane core pipe and a guide vane, wherein an inlet of the guide vane outer taper pipe is detachably connected with an outlet of the impeller outer pipe, and the guide vane core pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft and is not contacted with the pump shaft; the guide vane is integrally fixed on the periphery of the guide vane core pipe, the guide vane is close to the outlet of the impeller, and the periphery of the guide vane is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide vane outer cone pipe;
The tail water section comprises a tail water outer taper pipe, a tail water straight pipe and a tail water taper, wherein the inlet of the tail water outer taper pipe is detachably connected with the outlet of the guide vane outer taper pipe, and two ends of the tail water straight pipe are respectively detachably connected with the outlet of the tail water outer taper pipe and the inlet of the elbow section; the tail water cone is a semi-oval shell, is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft in the tail water outer cone pipe and is provided with a gap, and the open end of the tail water cone is fixedly connected with the guide vane core pipe;
A shaft protection pipe is sleeved on the periphery of the pump shaft along the outlet direction at the tail water section, one end of the shaft protection pipe is fixedly connected with the tail water cone, the other end of the shaft protection pipe extends towards the elbow section, and a gap is reserved between the inner wall of the shaft protection pipe and the pump shaft;
An outlet pressure measuring mechanism is arranged on the tail water straight pipe 2 times the diameter of the impeller from the guide vane outlet, the outlet pressure measuring mechanism comprises four pressure taking holes symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the tail water straight pipe, each pressure taking hole is connected with one end of a pressure taking joint, the other ends of the three pressure taking joints are connected with a tee joint, the other end of one pressure taking joint is connected with a four-way joint, adjacent tee joints are communicated through annular hoses, and finally, the outlet on the four-way joint is connected with a pressure sensor;
And the guide vane core pipe and the guide vane are integrally forged by adopting a five-axis linkage machining center, and then the machined integral forging of the guide vane core pipe and the guide vane is subjected to positioning welding with the guide vane outer taper pipe.
2. The high-precision water pump model experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet section is arranged as a reducer pipe with a large inlet and a small outlet.
3. The high-precision water pump model experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the shaft protection tube penetrates through the through hole reserved in the elbow section and stretches into the mechanical sealing mechanism arranged at the other end of the pump shaft, and a gap is reserved between the shaft protection tube and the through hole.
4. The high-precision water pump model experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the pressure taking hole is 3-6 mm or equal to 0.08 of the diameter of the tail water straight pipe, the small value of the diameter and the small value is taken, and the depth of the pressure taking hole is not less than 2.5 times the diameter of the pressure taking hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711305935.0A CN108223396B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | High-precision water pump model experimental device |
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| CN201711305935.0A CN108223396B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | High-precision water pump model experimental device |
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| CN108223396A CN108223396A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
| CN108223396B true CN108223396B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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