CN108102950B - Preparation method and application of poultry composite probiotic feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of poultry composite probiotic feed, which comprises Lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain, the taxonomic name of which is Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and the feed is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism strain preservation center, and the preservation number is GDMCC No: 60252 and preservation address of No. 59, No. 5, No. 100 college of Xieli Zhonglu, Guangzhou city, and preservation date of 2017, 10 months and 20 days. The lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain can be used as a feed additive and added into poultry feed, can promote the growth of poultry, improve the nutrition level of the poultry, improve the feed reward, reduce the feed conversion ratio, improve the breeding benefit, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, reduce the use of antibiotics in poultry breeding, improve the immunologic function and the anti-stress capability of the poultry, reduce the death rate, realize safe and effective green production of poultry products, and has good application prospect and market value for maintaining and promoting the healthy and stable development of the poultry breeding industry.

Description

Preparation method and application of poultry composite probiotic feed

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain and application thereof in preparation of poultry composite probiotic feed.

Background

With the increasing demand of domestic and foreign markets for poultry (meat pigeons), the poultry industry in China is rapidly developing towards large-scale, product commercialization and management entrepreneurization. At present, more than 3 thousands of pairs of pigeons are planted in the country, about 6.2 hundred million pigeons are born annually, and the pigeons develop at a speed of 10% -15% annually. Meanwhile, the occurrence and prevalence of poultry diseases are complicated, and the food safety problem caused by unreasonable use of medicines in production is concerned by people.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain can be used as a feed additive to be added into feed, and has the advantages of improving the intestinal health of poultry, improving the resistance of the poultry and promoting the growth of the poultry.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides Lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain, which has the taxonomic name of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and is deposited in the Guangdong province culture Collection of microorganisms with the deposit number of GDMCC No: 60252 and preservation address of No. 59, No. 5, No. 100 college of Xieli Zhonglu, Guangzhou city, and preservation date of 2017, 10 months and 20 days.

The lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain can be used for preparing feed additives.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a feed additive comprising an effective amount of Lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain as an active ingredient, wherein the Lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain is classified under the taxonomic name Lactobacillus bulgaricus and deposited in the Guangdong province culture collection with the deposit number GDMCC No: 60252 and preservation address of No. 59, No. 5, No. 100 college of Xieli Zhonglu, Guangzhou city, and preservation date of 2017, 10 months and 20 days.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the poultry feed containing the composite probiotics, which comprises the following steps:

s1, heating water to 40-50 ℃, adding 2-8 wt% of glucose, 0.1-0.5 wt% of lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain, 0.1-0.5 wt% of yeast and 0.1-0.5 wt% of bacillus subtilis, stirring for dissolving, and culturing for 18-24 hours to obtain mixed fermentation liquor;

s2, mixing and stirring 10-25% of crushed and sieved soybean meal, 10-25% of corn and 10-30% of broken rice for 3-6 min, then adding 30-45% of mixed fermentation liquor, stirring for 1-5 min, and then fermenting at constant temperature of 25-35 ℃ for 3 days to obtain a fermentation material;

s3, adding 200-800 parts of corn, 100-300 parts of soybean meal, 200-250 parts of broken rice, 0.1-0.6 part of vitamin, 0.5-3 parts of amino acid and 10-30 parts of premix into 30-80 parts of fermented material to obtain poultry feed containing composite probiotics;

wherein the premix comprises 30 wt% of stone powder, 30% of calcium hydrophosphate and 40% of trace elements;

the Lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain is classified under the name Lactobacillus bulgaricus, is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism strain preservation center, and has the preservation number of GDMCC No: 60252 and preservation address of No. 59, No. 5, No. 100 college of Xieli Zhonglu, Guangzhou city, and preservation date of 2017, 10 months and 20 days.

The invention also provides poultry feed containing the composite probiotics, which is prepared by the preparation method.

The poultry feed containing the composite probiotics can promote the growth of poultry and improve the immunologic function of the poultry.

Preferably, the poultry comprise breeding pigeons, young pigeons, broilers and laying hens.

The use method of the poultry feed containing the composite probiotics comprises the following steps: 10L of the poultry feed containing the composite probiotics is added into each ton of water, or 50kg of the poultry feed containing the composite probiotics is added into each ton of feed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain can be used as a feed additive and added into poultry feed, can promote the growth of poultry, improve the nutrition level of the poultry, improve the feed reward, reduce the feed conversion ratio, improve the breeding benefit, inhibit pathogenic bacteria, reduce the use of antibiotics in poultry breeding, improve the immunologic function and the anti-stress capability of the poultry, reduce the death rate, realize safe and effective green production of poultry products, and has good application prospect and market value for maintaining and promoting the healthy and stable development of the poultry breeding industry.

The poultry feed fermentation method containing the composite probiotics provided by the invention is a feasible production fermentation method, can reduce the fermentation period, improve the acid production of the fermented feed and the live bacteria amount of the probiotics, and is beneficial to improving the feed intake of poultry by feeding the liquid wet feed ratio and feeding the dry feed.

Strain preservation information:

lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain, the taxonomic name of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism strain collection center, and the preservation number is GDMCC No: 60252 and preservation address of No. 59, No. 5, No. 100 college of Xieli Zhonglu, Guangzhou city, and preservation date of 2017, 10 months and 20 days.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and the parameters, proportions and the like of the embodiments may be suitably selected without materially affecting the results.

Example 1

Selecting 10 healthy meat pigeons of 15 days old, killing the normal meat pigeons, performing aseptic operation, scraping the intestinal tract and crop content of the meat pigeons in aseptic normal saline by using an inoculating loop, then respectively and continuously streaking and inoculating the meat pigeons to an MRS culture medium by using the inoculating loop, performing anaerobic culture for 48h at the temperature of 36 ℃, selecting suspicious lactobacillus on a flat dish, purifying, streaking and inoculating the suspicious lactobacillus to the MRS culture medium and an MC culture medium, performing anaerobic culture for 48h at the temperature of 36 ℃ and performing aerobic culture for 48h at the temperature of 36 ℃ by using the MC culture medium, and observing the characteristics of bacterial colonies after culture. According to the classification and experimental method of lactic acid bacteria and the manual of identification of common bacteria systems, morphological characteristics observation and physiological and biochemical identification are carried out on the separated strains.

And (3) carrying out anaerobic culture on the separated and purified lactic acid bacteria in an MRS plate culture medium, selecting a strain capable of changing bromocresol purple from purple to yellow, and carrying out gram staining and catalase experiment to obtain 1 strain of gram staining positive and catalase negative strains, wherein the number of the strain is P-3. The colony characteristics of the MRS culture medium are as follows: the bacterial colony is round, white and convex, the surface is smooth and wet, and the edge is neat; selecting the bacterial colony for gram staining, and performing microscopic examination to obtain the result that the thallus is straight or bent rod-shaped, gram staining positive, single or paired chain arrangement and does not produce spores; MC medium colony characteristics: there was no significant growth.

The strain is subjected to physiological and biochemical experiments according to key characteristics in food national safety standard food microorganism inspection standard strain atlas, and the results are as follows: sucrose, maltose, raffinose, cellobiose, mannitol, sorbitol, salicylic acid, esculin, all negative.

According to the identification of lactic acid bacteria classification and experimental method, the identification of common bacteria system, and the identification of food national safety standard food microorganism inspection standard strain atlas, the obtained P-3 is: l-2 is Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

Example 2

Preparing poultry feed:

(1) preparing fermentation liquor: heating water to 40-50 ℃, adding 2-8 wt% of food grade glucose, adding 0.1-0.5 wt% of lactic acid bacteria, 0.1-0.5 wt% of saccharomycetes and 0.1-0.5 wt% of bacillus, stirring for dissolving, culturing for 18-24 h,

(2) preparation of culture medium (material): pulverizing soybean meal, semen Maydis, and broken rice, and sieving.

(3) Inoculation: and (3) inoculating the fermentation liquor by detecting that the pH value of the fermentation liquor is less than or equal to 4.0, stirring 10-25% of the crushed and sieved soybean meal, 10-25% of corn and 10-30% of broken rice for 3-6 min in a mixer, inoculating 30-45% of the fermentation liquor obtained in the step (1), stirring for 1-5 min, uniformly mixing and packaging.

(4) Fermentation: and (4) feeding the packaged and sealed culture into a fermentation workshop, and fermenting for 3 days at a constant temperature of 25-35 ℃.

(5) And (4) checking and accepting the fermented materials: the detection proves that the pH is less than or equal to 4.5, the lactic acid bacteria is more than or equal to 10 hundred million cfu/g, the bacillus is more than or equal to 10 hundred million cfu/g, the saccharomycetes is more than or equal to 5000 ten thousand cfu/g, and the product (serving as a fermentation material) reaches the standard.

(6) And (3) finished product batching: according to the formula requirement: 200-800 parts of corn, 100-300 parts of soybean meal, 200-250 parts of broken rice, 30-80 parts of fermentation material, 0.1-0.6 part of vitamin, 0.5-3 parts of amino acid and 10-30 parts of premix (30% of stone powder, 30% of calcium hydrophosphate and 40% of trace elements).

(7) And after the inspection is qualified, packaging, and warehousing for storage.

Experimental example 1

Feeding test: eight bins 4000 in a meat pigeon farm are selected to test 0-day-old healthy young pigeons produced by healthy breeding pigeons (500 pairs per bin). Wherein the seven young pigeons are used as a test group (I group), and the eighth young pigeons are used as a control group (II group). The feeding condition is cage culture, and the daily ration, medicine, drinking water, health sand and other management conditions for feeding are the same. The breeding pigeon eggs are hatched by a hatching room, the healthy young pigeons of 0 day age are led back by the hatching room and fed by breeding pigeons in nest, and 4 pigeons are laid in each nest. Feeding group I according to conventional daily ration; group II is the poultry feed prepared in example 2 added in an amount of 5% by total weight based on the conventional ration; during the test period, the young pigeons are fed twice per day according to the conventional feeding management, the young pigeons are fed with free food and water, the illumination is sunshine, the spirit state and the food intake condition of the pigeons are observed and recorded every day, and the young pigeons are respectively weighed in the morning of 0, 7, 15, 20, 25, 28 and 30 days old on an empty stomach. The whole test period is 30 d. The results show that: the average daily gain of the young pigeons 7d, 15d, 20d, 25d, 28d and 30d which are added with 5 percent of the poultry feed prepared in the example 2 (group II) in the daily ration is respectively improved by 4.20 percent (P <0.05), 5.00 percent (P <0.05), 6.86 percent (P <0.05), 6.57 percent (P <0.05), 75.53 percent (P <0.01) and 18.20 percent (P <0.01) compared with the control group (group I); the feed ratio is 3.41:1 and 3.31:1 respectively, the feed reward is improved, and the feed required by every 500g weight increment is reduced by 15.2 percent (P is less than 0.05). The results show that: the average daily gain and the material weight ratio of the young pigeons in the group II are obviously superior to those in the group I, the color and the hair color of the young pigeons are ruddy and bright, the overall health state of the pigeon group is good, the uniformity is good, and the defective rate is reduced by 18.2%.

Through experimental observation, the poultry feed prepared in the embodiment 2 is added into the daily ration for breeding and producing meat pigeons according to the weight of 5-8%, so that the poultry feed has an obvious promotion effect on the growth of young pigeons, and the growth promotion effect on the young pigeons is more obvious along with the prolonging of the duration time of adding the biological feed; the feed reward is obviously improved, and the feed required by every 500g weight increment is reduced by more than 15.20 percent; the ammonia smell of the pigeonry is also reduced, and the breeding environment is improved; the pigeon group is in good mental state, and the overall health level of the pigeon group is obviously improved; the skin color and hair color of the young pigeons are ruddy and bright, and the uniformity is good; the dosage of the corresponding medicine is also reduced.

Experimental example 2

Feeding test: to evaluate the effect of the poultry feed prepared in example 2 on the feeding effect of yellow-feathered broilers, the following feeding test was performed: the same 1-day-old healthy yellow-feathered broilers are selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (a test I group, a test II group and a control group), 30 chickens in each group are bred in the same henhouse, 5% of the poultry feed prepared in the example 2 is added into the feed of the test group according to the weight, and the nutrition level and the management method of all the chickens are kept consistent.

During the test period, the chickens are fed twice a day according to the conventional feeding management, are fed with food and water freely, are illuminated in the sun, are observed and recorded every day in mental state and food intake condition, and are weighed respectively in the morning with empty stomach at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56 and 63 days old. The entire test period 63 d. The results show that: the average daily gain of 7d, 14d, 21d, 28d, 35d, 42d, 56d and 63d of yellow-feathered broilers is respectively increased by 17.40% (P <0.05), 16.02% (P <0.05), 9.01% (P <0.05), 11.08% (P <0.05), 6.78% (P <0.05), 8.210% (P <0.05), 9.72% (P <0.05), 9.32% (P <0.05) and 8.53% (P <0.05) compared with a control group by adding 5% of the poultry feed prepared in example 2 into daily ration (test I and test II); the feed ratio is 2.38: 1 and 2.54: 1 respectively, the feed reward is improved, and the feed required by every 500g weight increment is reduced by 16.3 percent (P is less than 0.05). The results show that: the average daily gain and the feed weight ratio of I, II group chickens are obviously superior to those of a control group, the feather color of the chickens is bright, the overall health state of the chicken group is good, the chicken manure is dry and comfortable, the forming is good, the uniformity is good, and the defective rate is reduced by 10.0%. Therefore, the poultry feed prepared in the embodiment 2 can promote the growth of yellow-feathered broilers and increase the weight, the ammonia smell in a henhouse is also obviously reduced, and the breeding environment is improved; the mental state of the chicken flocks is good, the overall health level of the chicken flocks is obviously improved, the experimental group chicken does not have intestinal diseases in the whole feeding period, and a safe chicken product is produced.

Experimental example 3

Feeding test: selecting three laying hens in a certain laying hen farm in Guangdong and a Roman brown shell laying hen farm, wherein 4457 laying hens are selected. Two of the groups were tested (1480 egg-laying hens in group I; 1493 egg-laying hens in group II) and one was control (1484 egg-laying hens in group III). The control group was a basal diet of feed according to the following formula: the formula has the following nutritional index detection results that the formula comprises 60 parts of corn, 21 parts of soybean meal, 4.5 parts of bran, 1.5 parts of fish meal, 1.5 parts of lard, 6.5 parts of stone powder and 5 parts of premix by weight: 16.5% of crude protein, 3.86% of calcium, 0.48% of total phosphorus, 0.37% of salt and 11.5% of water. 10% and 20% of the poultry feed prepared in example 2 was added to test group I and test group II, respectively, 10% and 20% of the basal diet of the original formula feed was subtracted, respectively, and stone powder was added to adjust the calcium content to the original level.

The test group and the control group belong to the same batch of purchased chicks, and are fed by two feeders together, the feeding management conditions of the brooding, breeding and egg laying stages are consistent, the test time is 10 days and 17 days, the test period is managed by conventional feeding, the chicks are fed twice every day, and the chicks are fed with free food and water. The mental state, the ingestion condition and the excrement condition of the chickens are observed and recorded every day, and the number of qualified eggs, the weight of qualified eggs, the number of broken eggs, the weight of broken eggs, the material consumption, the death and culling number and the medicine cost of each group are accurately recorded. And (5) calculating the laying rate, the egg yield, the egg breakage rate, the feed-egg ratio and the economic benefit. The test results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Group of	Control group	Test group I	Test group II
				Days of experiment	17	10	17
Number of layers (only)	1484	1480	1493
				Qualified egg number (one)	22983	13637	23468
Qualified egg weight (jin)	2872.9	1718.3	2971.0
				The material quantity (jin)	5822	3409	5809
Broken egg number (one)	80	34	63
				Breaking egg weight (jin)	9.33	3.65	7.98
Number of dead (only)	2	0	0
				Material to egg ratio	2.02	1.98	1.95
Egg laying rate (one) (%)	91.10	92.14	92.46
				Egg breaking rate (one) (%)	0.35	0.25	0.27
Egg breaking rate (jin) (%)	0.32	0.21	0.27

And (3) test results: the material-egg ratio of the test group I and the test group II is 1.97: 1 and 1.95: 1 respectively; the control group is 2.02: 1; the feed conversion rate of the test group is 5 percent and 7 percent higher than that of the control group. The egg breakage rates of the test group I, the test group II and the control group are respectively 0.21%, 0.27% and 0.32%, and the test group is lower than the control group. The mortality and elimination rates of the test group I, the test group II and the control group are respectively 0, 0 and 0.13 percent, and the mortality and elimination rate of the test is obviously lower than that of the control group.

The manure of laying hens in group I and group II is tested to be formed and dry, the water and excrement and the feed manure with dyspepsia are reduced, the death rate and the egg breakage rate are obviously reduced, the whole health level is improved along with the prolonging of the service time, the laying rate is improved by 1.2-3.5%, the feed-egg ratio is reduced by 0.05-0.15%, the economic benefit is improved, 10% of the poultry feed prepared in the embodiment 2 is added into each ton, and each ton of the poultry feed produces 1kg of eggs: the cost of the feed is increased by 0.04 yuan, the egg yield is increased by 0.04-0.10 yuan, the material consumption is reduced by 0.12-0.35 yuan, and the economic benefit is obviously increased. And the probiotics is better when the probiotics is applied in the early period of laying hen breeding, so that the damage to organism tissues and organs in the growth period can be effectively reduced, the aging speed is delayed, the organism maintains relatively good health level in the growth period, the high production performance is maintained for a long time, the relatively high laying rate is maintained, meanwhile, the immunity of the organism can be improved, the use of antibiotics is reduced, and the requirement of people on safe food is met.

The test results are as follows: the test shows that the manure of the laying hens in the group I and the group II is formed and dry, the water and excrement and the feed manure with dyspepsia are reduced, the death rate and the egg breakage rate are obviously reduced, the integral health level is improved along with the prolonging of the service time, and the economic benefit is obvious.

Appropriate changes and modifications to the embodiments described above will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the poultry feed containing the composite probiotics is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, heating water to 40-50 ℃, adding 2-8 wt% of glucose, 0.1-0.5 wt% of lactobacillus bulgaricus P-3 strain, 0.1-0.5 wt% of yeast and 0.1-0.5 wt% of bacillus subtilis, stirring for dissolving, and culturing for 18-24 hours to obtain mixed fermentation liquor;

s2, mixing and stirring 10-25 parts by weight of crushed and sieved soybean meal, 10-25 parts by weight of corn and 10-30 parts by weight of broken rice for 3-6 min, then inoculating 30-45 parts by weight of mixed fermentation liquor, stirring for 1-5 min, and then fermenting at constant temperature of 25-35 ℃ for 3 days to obtain a fermentation material;

s3, adding 200-800 parts by weight of corn, 100-300 parts by weight of soybean meal, 200-250 parts by weight of broken rice, 0.1-0.6 part by weight of vitamin, 0.5-3 parts by weight of amino acid and 10-30 parts by weight of premix into 30-80 parts by weight of fermented material to obtain poultry feed containing composite probiotics;

wherein the premix comprises 30 parts by weight of stone powder, 30 parts by weight of calcium hydrophosphate and 40 parts by weight of trace elements;

the Lactobacillus bulgaricus strain P-3 is named by taxonomic nameLactobacillus bulgaricusAnd is preserved in Guangdong province microorganism strain preservation center with the preservation number of GDMCC No: 60252 and preservation address of No. 59, No. 5, No. 100 college of Xieli Zhonglu, Guangzhou city, and preservation date of 2017, 10 months and 20 days.

2. A poultry feed containing complex probiotics, which is prepared by the preparation method of the poultry feed containing complex probiotics as claimed in claim 1.

3. The use of the feed for birds containing complex probiotics as claimed in claim 2 for promoting the growth of birds and improving the immune function of birds.

4. The use of the poultry feed containing the composite probiotics in promoting the growth of poultry and improving the immune function of poultry according to claim 3, wherein the poultry comprise breeding pigeons, young pigeons, broilers and laying hens.

5. The method for using the feed for poultry containing composite probiotics as claimed in claim 2, wherein 50kg of the feed for poultry containing composite probiotics is added to each ton of feed.