CN108106308B - Automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking - Google Patents
Automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking Download PDFInfo
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- CN108106308B CN108106308B CN201711470441.8A CN201711470441A CN108106308B CN 108106308 B CN108106308 B CN 108106308B CN 201711470441 A CN201711470441 A CN 201711470441A CN 108106308 B CN108106308 B CN 108106308B
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- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
- F25D13/06—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
- F25D13/062—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space with refrigerated conveyors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic three-dimensional refrigeration house based on the Internet of things, which comprises a refrigeration house storage area, a closed transition area and a central control system, wherein the refrigeration house storage area is used for storing refrigeration houses; a plurality of loading openings are formed in the wall of the outer side of the transition region, a refrigerated vehicle to be loaded is parked outside the loading openings of the refrigerated storage, and a rear door of the refrigerated vehicle is aligned to the corresponding loading openings; the central control system comprises a server, the server is connected with the Internet, each refrigerator car is provided with an onboard processor, a wireless transmission module and a positioning module, a lifting platform device is arranged in the transition area, and the goods feeding platform comprises a plurality of feeding platforms and feeding belts. The invention can improve the loading speed of goods, reduce the labor cost and reduce the problems of goods pollution and damage in the loading process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to an automatic refrigeration house based on the Internet of things.
Background
The cold storage is mainly used for constant-temperature storage cold air equipment of foods, dairy products, meat, aquatic products, chemical industry, medicines, seedling culture, scientific experiments and the like, and belongs to one of refrigeration equipment.
The three-dimensional cold storage is used for storing various frozen foods and is divided into a plurality of isolated warehouses according to different storage temperatures. At present, in the aspect of distribution, a large-size cold storage vehicle is mainly adopted for transportation, so that goods need to be taken out of each warehouse, and then the needed goods are loaded on a specified cold storage vehicle. At present, the refrigerator is taken out mainly through a manual mode and then is carried into a carriage of the refrigerator car by manpower. This has several problems:
1. in the process of carrying, the goods can contact with the body besides hands. The hands can be worn with gloves to prevent contact contamination. However, physical contact is not easily avoided, which inevitably causes contamination during transportation. Especially for fresh products, the requirement on sanitation is high, and the pollution problem caused by certain contact cannot be avoided in the current transportation.
2. The volume and the weight of each goods differ, and the transport personnel are also very inconvenient to carry, are difficult to master the transport dynamics and rhythm. And the activity of different weight can let the people be difficult to adapt to when carrying, and former object is heavier, and next object is lighter again, breaks up people's rhythm easily. The carrying workers are tired, the labor intensity is high, and the working efficiency is low.
3. Meanwhile, in manual carrying, collision can be inevitably generated, and the package of the goods and even the goods are damaged.
4. The time for the existing refrigerated vehicle to reach the refrigeration house is not easy to grasp exactly, the refrigeration house needs to arrange manpower according to the accurate arrival time of the vehicle, sometimes if a plurality of vehicles arrive at the same time, the personnel are insufficient, and the vehicles have to be loaded in sequence, so that the vehicles have to wait in the refrigeration house, and the time is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic three-dimensional refrigeration house based on the Internet of things, which improves the cargo loading speed, reduces the labor cost and reduces the problems of cargo pollution and damage in the loading process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the automatic three-dimensional refrigeration house based on the Internet of things comprises a refrigeration house storage area, a closed transition area and a central control system; a plurality of loading openings are formed in the wall of the outer side of the transition region, a refrigerated vehicle to be loaded is parked outside the loading openings of the refrigerated storage, and a rear door of the refrigerated vehicle is aligned to the corresponding loading openings; the central control system comprises a server, the server is connected with the Internet, each refrigerated vehicle is provided with an onboard processor, a wireless transmission module and a positioning module, the onboard processor transmits positioning information obtained by the positioning module to the Internet through the wireless transmission module, the onboard processor records and sends cargo demand information to the server through the Internet, the onboard processor is connected with a vehicle-mounted memory, parameters of each refrigerated vehicle are stored in the vehicle-mounted memory, and the parameters comprise width and height data of a rear door of the refrigerated vehicle, height data from the bottom edge of the rear door to the ground and horizontal distance data from a rear wheel axle main shaft of the refrigerated vehicle to the rear door; each cargo in the cold storage is attached with a scannable identification code; a plurality of goods brackets are arranged in the refrigeration house, goods are placed on the goods brackets, and clamping ports are formed in the side edges of the goods brackets;
a lifting platform device is arranged in the transition area, the lifting platform device is connected with a controller in a control mode, and the controller is connected with a central control system;
the elevating platform device is sequentially provided with from front to back: the device comprises a goods feeding platform, a first conveyor belt, a middle storage area and a second conveyor belt; the upper sides of the feeding platform, the first conveyor belt, the middle storage area and the second conveyor belt are positioned at the same height; the lifting platform device comprises a lifting cylinder and a lifting platform, the lifting cylinder is vertically arranged on the ground, the top end of the lifting cylinder is connected with the lifting platform, and the goods feeding platform, the first conveyor belt, the intermediate storage area and the second conveyor belt are positioned on the lifting platform;
the feeding platform comprises a plurality of feeding platforms and feeding belts, each feeding belt is positioned at the front side of the feeding platform,
the feeding belts are positioned in the same plane, the front ends of the feeding belts are provided with middle brackets, each middle bracket is provided with a plurality of independent bracket holes, a freely rotating rolling ball body is clamped in each bracket hole, and a first conveying belt is arranged in front of each middle bracket; two sides of the advancing direction of the first transmission belt are called left and right sides, one end close to the first transmission belt is called a front end, and the other end far away from the first transmission belt is called a rear end;
the front of the first conveyor belt is provided with an intermediate storage area, the intermediate storage area comprises a main channel area positioned in the middle and a temporary storage area positioned on the left side and/or the right side of the main channel area, the intermediate storage area is provided with an intermediate storage bracket, and the intermediate storage bracket is provided with a plurality of spheres capable of freely rotating and rolling;
the outer side of the temporary storage area is provided with a plurality of air cylinder supports which are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the first conveyor belt, a first air cylinder is arranged on each air cylinder support, the moving direction of the first air cylinder is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the first conveyor belt, an auxiliary support is fixedly connected to one end, close to the inner side, of the first air cylinder, a second air cylinder is vertically arranged on each auxiliary support, the lower end of the second air cylinder is provided with a buckle used for clamping a clamping port of a goods bracket, and the second air cylinder drives the buckle to be buckled on the clamping port; a third cylinder parallel to the first conveyor belt is further arranged above the main channel area, a fourth cylinder seat is arranged at the end of the third cylinder, a fourth cylinder is vertically arranged on the fourth cylinder seat, a push plate is vertically arranged at the lower end of the fourth cylinder, and the push plate is flush with the cargo bracket when the push plate is lowered to the lowest position; the push plate moves downwards under the action of the fourth cylinder and then pushes the goods bracket forwards under the action of the third cylinder, and the goods bracket rolls forwards to the second conveyor belt along the rolling balls in the main channel area; the front of the middle storage area is a second conveyor belt which is a telescopic conveyor belt,
a main support is arranged on the upper side of the front end of the second conveyor belt, the bottom end of the main support is connected to the left side and the right side of the second conveyor belt, a carrying device is connected to the main support in a sliding mode and comprises a vertical support, the vertical support is connected with a fifth air cylinder which is vertically arranged, a sliding rail is arranged on the main support, and the vertical support is connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode;
the upper end of the vertical support is fixedly connected with a transverse guide rail, and the extending direction of the transverse guide rail is vertical to the advancing direction of the second conveyor belt; the transverse guide rail comprises a main guide rail and a branch guide rail which is rotatably connected with the end part of the main guide rail, the guide rails of the branch guide rail and the main guide rail are positioned on the same straight line, a seventh cylinder is connected on the branch guide rail, the seventh cylinder drives the branch guide rail to rotate along a horizontal plane or swing along a vertical plane, so that the branch guide rail and the main guide rail form a complete guide rail,
sliding connection has the goods transport frame on the transverse guide, and the goods transport frame is connected with the eighth cylinder including transport frame main part and fixed connection at the goods prong of transport frame main part lower extreme on the goods transport frame, the horizontal setting of eighth cylinder on vertical support, and the extending direction and the transverse guide extending direction of eighth cylinder are the same.
The front side surface of the blocking seat is an inwards concave arc surface, and the blocking seat is arranged on the rail and is provided with a linear pushing device at the rear side for moving the blocking seat back and forth along the rail; the linear pushing device comprises a fixed seat arranged at the rear side of the track and a linear pushing mechanism hinged on the fixed seat, the front end of the linear pushing mechanism is hinged with the blocking seat, and the linear pushing mechanism is connected with a controller; a limiting groove is formed in the middle of the blocking seat along a vertical plane parallel to the rail, a limiting plate is arranged in the limiting groove, the front end face of the limiting plate is arc-shaped, the lower end of the limiting plate is rotatably connected to the front portion of the bottom end of the blocking seat, and the connecting point of the limiting plate and the blocking seat is higher than the rail; the bottom of the limiting groove of the blocking seat is provided with a travel switch, the travel switch is positioned on the motion track of the bottom of the rear end of the limiting plate, the travel switch is connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with an audible and visual alarm.
The bottom of stopping the seat still is connected with the contact plate, and the height of the upper surface of contact plate is more than or equal to orbital top surface height, is equipped with proximity switch on the contact plate, and proximity switch is connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with audible-visual annunciator.
The blocking seat is connected with the rail in a sliding or rolling mode, the bottom of the inner side of the blocking seat is provided with a roller, and the linear pushing mechanism is an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.
The carrying devices are two, a vertical support can be arranged on the main support in a left-right mode, the two vertical supports are symmetrically arranged, and the seventh cylinder is connected to the vertical supports.
In the wall of the loading port, an upper closing plate and a lower closing plate are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the loading port, a left closing plate and a right closing plate are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the loading port, the upper closing plate, the lower closing plate, the left closing plate and the right closing plate are all connected with air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders, and the air cylinders or the hydraulic cylinders are all in control connection with a controller.
The upper closing plate, the lower closing plate, the left closing plate and the right closing plate are respectively provided with a corrugated plate towards the inner side of the loading port, and the corrugated plates are made of elastic materials and play a role in sealing.
Middle bracket department is equipped with middle bracket pusher, and middle bracket pusher includes sharp pushing structure, and sharp pushing structure is cylinder, pneumatic cylinder or electric putter, and sharp pushing structure drives the goods bracket and moves forward.
The temporary storage area is a slope which gradually inclines upwards from inside to outside, or the temporary storage area is a high platform which is higher than the plane of the main channel area, and the slope which inclines upwards is arranged between the temporary storage area and the main channel area.
A row of rollers are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the carrying frame main body, the rollers are positioned at the same height, and the rollers roll in the transverse guide rails; or the main body of the carrying frame is provided with a slide block which slides in the transverse guide rail.
The vehicle-mounted processor of the vehicle informs a central control system of a refrigeration house of the distance parameter from the rear wheel of the vehicle to the rear door in advance, the central control system realizes the automatic alarm function when the vehicle backs in place through a ground blocking device, prevents the vehicle from backing beyond a preset position, can set the position of a blocking seat suitable for the vehicle in advance according to the parameters transmitted by the vehicle in advance according to each refrigeration vehicle, and gives an audible and visual alarm when the vehicle backs to a specified position so as to prompt that the vehicle is in place.
The invention informs the position of the vehicle, the type and quantity of the required goods and the like to the central control system of the refrigeration house in advance through the vehicle-mounted processor of the vehicle, and the central control system of the refrigeration house judges the arrival time of the vehicle according to the information, carries out goods preparation in advance and installs the prepared goods on each goods bracket. When the vehicle is about to arrive, the goods bracket and the goods are conveyed into the goods feeding platform and then conveyed to the middle bracket through the feeding belt, the number of the goods feeding platforms is multiple, the goods can be conveyed by other robots or forklifts in the intermittent time of loading the goods, and the other robots or forklifts are conveyed from the other goods feeding platforms, so that the problem that the intermittent time is too long due to the conveying of one robot or forklift is solved. The intermediate carrier can convey goods from a plurality of supply belts onto a first conveyor and then to an intermediate storage area.
The temporary storage area of the intermediate storage area can realize the sequential arrangement of the secondary goods loading of the goods, meet the requirements of the goods loader on the sequence of the loaded goods, and avoid various requirements that some goods need to be unloaded as soon as possible and some goods cannot be pressed.
The ball body capable of freely rotating and rolling is adopted, so that the traction of the goods bracket is very convenient and simple, the arranged slope is more labor-saving when goods return to the main channel area again, and meanwhile, the goods shelf is prevented from running to the temporary storage area.
The first and second cylinders outside the staging area may be used to clamp and push and pull the cargo carrier. Third and fourth cylinders may push the cargo carriers to be advanced forward onto the second conveyor belt. The second conveyer belt is retractable, can make the second conveyer belt can freely change the length of conveyer belt according to the length in vehicle carriage, can utilize the conveyer belt to carry out the loading during the loading from the carriage innermost side until the carriage back door, alleviates people's intensity of labour. The elevating platform device that adopts simultaneously can wholly go up and down with platform, first conveyer belt, middle storage area, second conveyer belt of getting into goods, like this in the carriage need be when the eminence shipment, the eminence just can directly be sent to the second conveyer belt with the goods, does not need the manual work to rise it.
The main support and the vertical support that the second conveyer belt front end adopted can realize directly forking the goods bracket that arrives the second conveyer belt front end to promote appointed height, then impel and the action process that falls to second conveyer belt one side, liberate the manpower completely, directly just can put the goods in place. The labor intensity of workers is reduced, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the loading time of the refrigerator car is reduced, and the reduced time can further avoid the cold loss caused by the fact that the goods are exposed to the normal temperature. The reduced time improves the goods turnover speed of the whole refrigeration house and reduces the waiting time of a driver of the refrigeration car. The carriage can be quickly loaded according to the scheduled goods with little human participation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a refrigerated storage of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the loading port of the refrigerator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the delivery system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an M-directional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the ground blocking device.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic three-dimensional freezer based on the internet of things comprises a plurality of individual freezer units or partitions, the freezer comprises a freezer storage area 1, a closed transition area 2 and a central control system, and a channel is arranged between the freezer storage area 1 and the transition area 2; a plurality of loading openings 3 are formed in the wall of the outer side of the transition region 2, the loading openings 3 are arranged in a row, a refrigerated truck 4 to be loaded is parked at the outer side of the loading opening 3 of the refrigerated warehouse, and the rear door of the refrigerated truck 4 is aligned to the corresponding loading opening 3; the central control system comprises a server, the server is connected with the Internet, each refrigerated vehicle is provided with an on-board processor, a wireless transmission module and a positioning module, the on-board processor transmits positioning information obtained by the positioning module to the Internet through the wireless transmission module, the on-board processor records and sends cargo demand information to the server of the refrigeration house through the Internet, the on-board processor is connected with an on-board memory, each parameter of the refrigerated vehicle is stored in the on-board memory, and the parameter comprises width and height data of a rear door of the refrigerated vehicle, height data from the bottom edge of the rear door to the ground and horizontal distance data from a rear wheel axle main shaft of the refrigerated vehicle to the rear door;
each cargo in the cold storage is attached with a scannable identification code which is a bar code, a two-dimensional code or an RFID label; the refrigeration house also comprises a goods distribution system and a conveying system arranged in the transition area, the conveying system comprises a refrigeration car conveying belt, the goods distribution system comprises an identification code reading system, the central control system dispatches a worker or a robot according to the goods demand information sent by each refrigeration car, the worker or the robot carries an identification device with the functions of reading and transmitting the identification code to a corresponding warehouse to read the goods information, then the worker or the robot takes out the corresponding goods and puts the goods on a transfer device, then the goods are conveyed to the transition area by the transfer device and put at the inlet of the refrigeration car conveying belt,
as shown in fig. 3-6, the present invention includes a delivery system that further includes a lift assembly 12 and a controller, the lift being an integral lift or a freestanding lift; the lifting platform device 12 is in control connection with the controller.
The invention also comprises a plurality of goods brackets 5, goods are placed on the goods brackets 5, and the side edges of the goods brackets 5 are provided with clamping interfaces 11.
The elevating platform device 12 is sequentially provided with: a feeding platform 6, a first conveyor belt 7, an intermediate storage area 8 and a second conveyor belt 9; the goods feeding platform 6, the first conveyor belt 7, the intermediate storage area 8 and the second conveyor belt 9 are positioned at the same height, so that goods can be conveyed forwards stably; elevating platform device 12 includes lift cylinder 13 and lift platform 14, lift cylinder 13 is vertical to be set up subaerial or on the base, lift platform 14 is connected on lift cylinder 13's top, platform 6 of stocking, first conveyer belt 7, intermediate storage area 8, second conveyer belt 9 is located lift platform 14, just so can be to platform 6 of stocking, first conveyer belt 7, intermediate storage area 8, second conveyer belt 9 rises and descends simultaneously, second conveyer belt 9 can be in the carriage up-and-down motion of refrigerator car, make things convenient for the workman to carry.
The goods feeding platform 6 comprises three feeding platforms 15 and feeding belts 16, each feeding belt 16 is located on the front side of the corresponding feeding platform 15, a plurality of rollers are arranged on the corresponding feeding platform 15, the axes of the rollers are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the corresponding feeding belt 16, and the pushing device pushes the goods carriers 5 to enter the corresponding feeding belts 16 from the corresponding feeding platforms 15; the pushing device is conventional technology, and is generally a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.
The three feeding belts 16 are positioned in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other (certain included angle can be also set between the adjacent feeding belts), the front ends of the three feeding belts 16 are provided with intermediate brackets 17, the top surfaces of the intermediate brackets 17 are flush with the feeding belts 16, the intermediate brackets 17 are provided with a plurality of independent bracket holes, the bracket holes are distributed in a circular array or rectangular array, the inner surfaces of the bracket holes are spherical surfaces, a sphere 18 is clamped in each bracket hole, the sphere 18 freely rotates and rolls in the bracket holes, and the lower side surface of the cargo bracket 5 can freely move in all directions when passing through the intermediate brackets 17. And a middle bracket pushing device is arranged above the middle bracket 17. The middle bracket pushing device is conventional, generally an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, and can push the goods bracket 5 to advance. In front of the intermediate carrier 17 is a first conveyor belt 7.
Both sides in the advancing direction of the first belt 7 are referred to as left and right sides, and an end close to the first belt 7 is referred to as a front end and an end far from the first belt 7 is referred to as a rear end.
The goods required to be loaded in the refrigerator car are various in types, some goods need to be loaded at the position, close to a door, of the refrigerator car, some goods need to be loaded on the upper side of the loaded goods, but the goods conveyed to the goods feeding platform cannot be conveyed from the refrigerator car one by one according to the loading sequence, and some goods reaching the goods feeding platform can be conveyed into the refrigerator car only after other goods are loaded, so that an intermediate storage area is arranged.
The front of the first conveyor belt 7 is an intermediate storage area 8, the intermediate storage area 8 comprises a main channel area 19 in the middle and temporary storage areas 20 on the left and right sides of the main channel area 19, and the temporary storage areas 20 may be only arranged on the left or right side of the main channel area 19. The width of the intermediate storage area 8 is considerably greater than the width of the first conveyor belt 7, in the present invention three times as wide, so that the goods carriers 5 can be temporarily moved into the buffer areas 20 on both sides of the main passage area 19, while the main passage area 19 can still be passed on by the goods carriers 5. The intermediate storage area 8 is provided with an intermediate storage bracket 10, and the intermediate storage bracket 10 is provided with a plurality of balls 18 which have the same structure as the intermediate bracket and can freely rotate and roll.
The buffer 20 is an elevated platform above the plane of the main channel section, and an upwardly inclined ramp 21 is provided between the buffer 20 and the main channel section 19. Alternatively, the buffer area 20 may be a slope which is inclined gradually upward from the inside to the outside, on which slope the goods carriers 5 rest. The angle between the slope 21 and the horizontal plane is 5-10 degrees.
The left and right sides of middle storage frame 10 all is equipped with a plurality of cylinder support 22, the cylinder support 22 of both sides all arranges in proper order along the direction of advance of first conveyer belt, be equipped with first cylinder 23 on the cylinder support 22, the direction of motion of first cylinder 23 is perpendicular with the direction of advance of first conveyer belt 7, first cylinder 23 leans on interior one end fixedly connected with auxiliary support 24, vertical second cylinder 25 that is equipped with on the auxiliary support 24, the lower extreme of second cylinder 25 is equipped with the buckle 26 that is used for joint goods bracket 5's joint mouth 11, joint mouth 11 all is equipped with the pole of "U" font at the side about goods bracket 5, constitute confined ring, buckle 26 is "n" font down, buckle 26 inserts joint mouth 11 down. The transverse length of the card interface 11 is longer, and the vertical length of the buckle 26 is also longer, so that when the buckle 26 is buckled to the opening interface 11, the accurate alignment is not needed, only the buckle 26 can extend to the card interface 11, and because the transverse length of the card interface 11 is longer, the buckle 26 can be buckled without moving in the transverse direction and within the width range of the card interface 11; and buckle 26 is longer in vertical length for when upwards pulling goods bracket 5 or pushing goods bracket 5 downwards, this vertical length can compensate the difference in height that the slope brought, thereby can steadily push and pull goods bracket 5. But the second cylinder 25 needs to be controlled to be gradually shortened to prevent the catch 26 from being removed.
The second cylinder 25 drives the catch 26 to catch on the catch interface 11 and the first cylinder 23 is pulled backwards to pull the cargo carrier 5 backwards into the buffer 20. The main passage area 19 can still be used for other goods carriers 5 to pass through, because the two sides of the main passage area 19 are the upward slopes, the goods carriers 5 in the main passage area 19 cannot run to the temporary storage area 20 and only move forward along the advancing direction, and the temporary storage area 20 on one side can accommodate more than 3 goods carriers 5 for temporary storage. According to the distribution arrangement of the cargos in the vehicle, the cargos in the temporary storage area 20 are not directly loaded, and the cargos are loaded after other cargos are loaded.
A third air cylinder 27 parallel to the first conveyor belt 7 is further arranged above the main channel area 19, a fourth air cylinder seat 28 is arranged at the end part of the third air cylinder 27, a fourth air cylinder 29 is vertically arranged on the fourth air cylinder seat 28, a push plate 30 is vertically arranged at the lower end of the fourth air cylinder 29, and the push plate 30 is flush with the cargo bracket 5 when the push plate 30 is lowered to the lowest position; the push plate 30 is moved downwards by the fourth cylinder 29 and then pushes the goods carrier 5 forwards by the third cylinder 27, the goods carrier 5 rolling forwards along the rolling balls in the main passage area 19 onto the second conveyor belt 9.
The second conveyor belt 9 is arranged in front of the middle storage area 10, and the left side edge and the right side edge of the first conveyor belt 7 and the second conveyor belt 9 are both provided with baffle plates 58;
the second conveyor belt 9 is a retractable conveyor belt (in the prior art, the length of the conveyor belt can be automatically extended or shortened). The second conveyor belt 9 is provided with a counter at its side for recording the number of the goods trays 5, i.e. the goods, and uploading the data to the server.
The front end upper side of second conveyer belt 9 is equipped with main support 31, and the left and right sides at second conveyer belt 9 is connected to the bottom of main support 31, and sliding connection has handling device on the main support 31, and handling device includes vertical support 32, and vertical support 32 is connected with the fifth cylinder 33 of vertical setting, is equipped with slide rail 34 on the main support 31, and vertical support 32 and slide rail 34 sliding connection promote vertical support 32 from top to bottom along slide rail 34 up-and-down motion fifth cylinder 33.
The upper end of the vertical bracket 32 is fixedly connected with a transverse guide rail 35, the transverse guide rails 35 are respectively arranged in front and at the back, and the extending direction of the transverse guide rails 35 is vertical to the advancing direction of the second conveyor belt 9; the transverse guide rail 35 comprises a main guide rail 36 and a branch guide rail 37 which is rotatably connected to the end part of the main guide rail 36, the guide rails of the branch guide rail 37 and the main guide rail 36 are positioned on the same straight line, a seventh cylinder 38 is connected to the branch guide rail 37, the seventh cylinder 38 drives the branch guide rail 37 to swing along a vertical plane (also can be set into horizontal plane rotation), so that the branch guide rail 37 and the main guide rail 36 form a complete guide rail, the branch guide rail 36 can be retracted after use, the occupied space of the branch guide rail is reduced, and the second conveying belt 9 is convenient to withdraw from the refrigerator car compartment. The joint of the branch guide rail 37 and the main guide rail 36 is provided with a corresponding inclined groove and a corresponding inclined slope surface, so that the end part of the branch guide rail 37 can be accurately inserted into the main guide rail 36, the seamless connection between the branch guide rail 37 and the main guide rail is realized, and the sliding stability is ensured.
The transverse guide rail 35 is connected with a cargo carrying rack 38 in a sliding mode, the cargo carrying rack 38 comprises a carrying rack main body 39 and cargo fork teeth 40 fixedly connected to the lower end of the carrying rack main body 39, an eighth air cylinder 41 is connected to the cargo carrying rack 38, the eighth air cylinder 41 is horizontally and transversely arranged on the vertical support 32, and the extending direction of the eighth air cylinder 41 is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the second conveyor belt 9. A row of rollers 42 are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper end of the carrying frame main body 39, the rollers 42 are positioned at the same height, and the rollers 42 roll in the transverse guide rail 35 (alternatively, the carrying frame main body 39 is provided with a slide block which slides in the transverse guide rail 35). The goods fork teeth 40 move downwards under the driving of the vertical support 32, then the goods bracket 5 is forked, then the vertical support 32 moves upwards to drive the goods bracket 5, the goods bracket 5 is lifted, then the eighth air cylinder 41 pushes the goods carrying frame 38 to drive the goods bracket 5 to move towards the right side of the second conveyor belt 5, goods are carried to the left side and the right side of the interior of the carriage, then the seventh air cylinder 38 drives the vertical support 32 to descend to the required height, after the goods bracket 5 is placed at the designated position, the goods fork teeth 40 ascend, then retreat, descend to the next goods bracket 5, and continue to be forked and carried.
The goods carrier 5 is provided with spaces (or holes) through which the supply tines 40 pass, and this space does not interfere with the contact of the underside of the goods carrier 5 with other conveyor belts or rolling balls.
The carrying devices are also provided with two carrying devices, the vertical supports 32 can be respectively arranged on the left and the right of the main support 31, the directions of the goods fork teeth 40 of the two vertical supports 32 are opposite, the seventh air cylinder 38 is connected to each vertical support 32, and the vertical supports 32 and the transverse guide rail 35 form a [ -shape. One of the vertical supports 32 has a smaller front-to-rear width than the other vertical support 32 so that the cargo can be simultaneously transported to both sides without interfering with each other.
As shown in fig. 7, a ground blocking device is provided on the ground where the refrigerator car is parked, the ground blocking device includes a rail 43 and a blocking seat 44 laid on the ground in front of the loading port 3, the front side of the blocking seat 44 is an inward concave arc surface 59, the blocking seat 44 is provided on the rail 43 and moves back and forth along the rail 43 (the blocking seat 44 is connected with the rail 43 in a sliding or rolling manner, if the blocking seat 44 is connected in a rolling manner, a roller is provided at the bottom of the inner side of the blocking seat 44), and a linear pushing device is provided at the rear side of the blocking seat 44. The linear pushing device comprises a fixed seat 45 arranged at the rear side of the track 43 and a linear pushing mechanism 46 hinged on the fixed seat 45, the front end of the linear pushing mechanism is hinged with the blocking seat 44, and the linear pushing mechanism 46 is an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod. The straight line pushing mechanism is connected with a controller. A limiting groove 47 is formed in the middle of the blocking seat 44 along a vertical plane where the rail 43 is located, a limiting plate 48 is arranged in the limiting groove 47, the front end face 49 of the limiting plate 48 is arc-shaped, and the arc radius of the limiting plate 48 is the same as the arc angle of the front side face of the blocking seat 44. The lower end of the limit plate 48 is rotatably connected to the front part of the bottom end of the stop seat 44, and the connection point of the limit plate 48 and the stop seat 44 is higher than the rail. The travel switch 50 is arranged at the bottom of the limiting groove 47 of the blocking seat 44, and the travel switch 50 is positioned on the motion track of the bottom of the rear end of the limiting plate 48. Thus, when the stopper plate 48 is pushed rearward by the rearward vehicle rear wheel, the stopper plate 48 swings rearward and triggers the travel switch 50. The travel switch 50 is in control connection with the controller.
The middle of the bottom of the blocking seat 44 is also connected with a contact plate 51, the height of the upper surface of the contact plate 51 is greater than or equal to the height of the top surface of the track 43, a proximity switch 52 is arranged on the contact plate 51, the proximity switch 52 is connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with an audible and visual alarm. Once the vehicle is backing to the right position, the travel switch 50 and the proximity switch 52 are triggered to send out acousto-optic signals to remind the driver that the vehicle is stopped in the right position and cannot continue backing. The loading operation can be carried out.
As shown in fig. 2, an upper closing plate 53 and a lower closing plate 54 are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the loading port 3 in the wall at the loading port 3, a left closing plate 55 and a right closing plate 56 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the loading port 3, and the upper closing plate 53, the lower closing plate 54, the left closing plate 55 and the right closing plate 56 are all connected with an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder which is connected with a controller in a control way to control the size and the shape of the loading port 3 so as to be matched with the size and the shape of the rear door of the refrigerated vehicle at the position, thereby preventing cold air from leaking between the rear door and the loading port 3. The inner sides of the upper closing plate 53, the lower closing plate 54, the left closing plate 55 and the right closing plate 56 facing the loading port 3 are all provided with corrugated plates 57, and the corrugated plates 57 are made of elastic materials and can play a role in sealing.
Claims (10)
1. Automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking, its characterized in that: the cold storage comprises a cold storage area, a closed transition area and a central control system; a plurality of loading openings are formed in the wall of the outer side of the transition region, a refrigerated vehicle to be loaded is parked outside the loading openings of the refrigerated storage, and a rear door of the refrigerated vehicle is aligned to the corresponding loading openings; the central control system comprises a server, the server is connected with the Internet, each refrigerated vehicle is provided with an onboard processor, a wireless transmission module and a positioning module, the onboard processor transmits positioning information obtained by the positioning module to the Internet through the wireless transmission module, the onboard processor records and sends cargo demand information to the server through the Internet, the onboard processor is connected with a vehicle-mounted memory, parameters of each refrigerated vehicle are stored in the vehicle-mounted memory, and the parameters comprise width and height data of a rear door of the refrigerated vehicle, height data from the bottom edge of the rear door to the ground and horizontal distance data from a rear wheel axle main shaft of the refrigerated vehicle to the rear door; each cargo in the cold storage is attached with a scannable identification code; a plurality of goods brackets are arranged in the refrigeration house, goods are placed on the goods brackets, and clamping ports are formed in the side edges of the goods brackets; a lifting platform device is arranged in the transition area, the lifting platform device is connected with a controller in a control mode, and the controller is connected with a central control system; the elevating platform device is sequentially provided with from front to back: the device comprises a goods feeding platform, a first conveyor belt, a middle storage area and a second conveyor belt; the upper sides of the feeding platform, the first conveyor belt, the middle storage area and the second conveyor belt are positioned at the same height; the lifting platform device comprises a lifting cylinder and a lifting platform, the lifting cylinder is vertically arranged on the ground, the top end of the lifting cylinder is connected with the lifting platform, and the goods feeding platform, the first conveyor belt, the intermediate storage area and the second conveyor belt are positioned on the lifting platform; the feeding platform comprises a plurality of feeding platforms and feeding belts, each feeding belt is positioned on the front side of the feeding platform, the feeding belts are positioned in the same plane, a middle bracket is arranged at the front ends of the feeding belts, a plurality of independent bracket holes are formed in the middle bracket, a freely rotating rolling ball body is clamped in each bracket hole, and a first conveying belt is arranged in front of the middle bracket; two sides of the advancing direction of the first transmission belt are called left and right sides, one end close to the first transmission belt is called a front end, and the other end far away from the first transmission belt is called a rear end; the front of the first conveyor belt is provided with an intermediate storage area, the intermediate storage area comprises a main channel area positioned in the middle and a temporary storage area positioned on the left side and/or the right side of the main channel area, the intermediate storage area is provided with an intermediate storage bracket, and the intermediate storage bracket is provided with a plurality of spheres capable of freely rotating and rolling; the outer side of the temporary storage area is provided with a plurality of air cylinder supports which are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the first conveyor belt, a first air cylinder is arranged on each air cylinder support, the moving direction of the first air cylinder is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the first conveyor belt, an auxiliary support is fixedly connected to one end, close to the inner side, of the first air cylinder, a second air cylinder is vertically arranged on each auxiliary support, the lower end of the second air cylinder is provided with a buckle used for clamping a clamping port of a goods bracket, and the second air cylinder drives the buckle to be buckled on the clamping port; a third cylinder parallel to the first conveyor belt is further arranged above the main channel area, a fourth cylinder seat is arranged at the end of the third cylinder, a fourth cylinder is vertically arranged on the fourth cylinder seat, a push plate is vertically arranged at the lower end of the fourth cylinder, and the push plate is flush with the cargo bracket when the push plate is lowered to the lowest position; the push plate moves downwards under the action of the fourth cylinder and then pushes the goods bracket forwards under the action of the third cylinder, and the goods bracket rolls forwards to the second conveyor belt along the rolling balls in the main channel area; the second conveying belt is arranged in front of the middle storage area and is a telescopic conveying belt, a main support is arranged on the upper side of the front end of the second conveying belt, the bottom end of the main support is connected to the left side and the right side of the second conveying belt, a carrying device is connected to the main support in a sliding mode and comprises a vertical support, the vertical support is connected with a vertically arranged fifth air cylinder, a sliding rail is arranged on the main support, and the vertical support is connected with the sliding rail in a sliding mode; the upper end of the vertical support is fixedly connected with a transverse guide rail, and the extending direction of the transverse guide rail is vertical to the advancing direction of the second conveyor belt; the transverse guide includes main guide rail and rotates the guide rail of connection at main guide rail tip, the guide rail of a guide rail and main guide rail is located same straight line, be connected with the seventh cylinder on the guide rail, the seventh cylinder drives a guide rail and rotates or swing along vertical plane along the horizontal plane, make a guide rail and main guide rail form a complete guide rail, sliding connection has the goods transport frame on the transverse guide rail, the goods transport frame is including the goods prong of transport frame main part and fixed connection at transport frame main part lower extreme, be connected with the eighth cylinder on the goods transport frame, the horizontal setting of eighth cylinder is on vertical support, the extending direction of eighth cylinder is the same with transverse guide extending direction.
2. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that: the front side surface of the blocking seat is an inwards concave arc surface, and the blocking seat is arranged on the rail and is provided with a linear pushing device at the rear side for moving the blocking seat back and forth along the rail; the linear pushing device comprises a fixed seat arranged at the rear side of the track and a linear pushing mechanism hinged on the fixed seat, the front end of the linear pushing mechanism is hinged with the blocking seat, and the linear pushing mechanism is connected with a controller; a limiting groove is formed in the middle of the blocking seat along a vertical plane parallel to the rail, a limiting plate is arranged in the limiting groove, the front end face of the limiting plate is arc-shaped, the lower end of the limiting plate is rotatably connected to the front portion of the bottom end of the blocking seat, and the connecting point of the limiting plate and the blocking seat is higher than the rail; the bottom of the limiting groove of the blocking seat is provided with a travel switch, the travel switch is positioned on the motion track of the bottom of the rear end of the limiting plate, the travel switch is connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with an audible and visual alarm.
3. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom of stopping the seat still is connected with the contact plate, and the height of the upper surface of contact plate is more than or equal to orbital top surface height, is equipped with proximity switch on the contact plate, and proximity switch is connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with audible-visual annunciator.
4. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 2, characterized in that: the blocking seat is connected with the rail in a sliding or rolling mode, the bottom of the inner side of the blocking seat is provided with a roller, and the linear pushing mechanism is an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.
5. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that: the carrying devices are two, a vertical support is arranged on the main support in the left and right directions, the two vertical supports are symmetrically arranged, and the seventh cylinder is connected to the vertical supports.
6. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that: in the wall of the loading port, an upper closing plate and a lower closing plate are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the loading port, a left closing plate and a right closing plate are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the loading port, the upper closing plate, the lower closing plate, the left closing plate and the right closing plate are all connected with air cylinders or hydraulic cylinders, and the air cylinders or the hydraulic cylinders are all in control connection with a controller.
7. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 6, characterized in that: the upper closing plate, the lower closing plate, the left closing plate and the right closing plate are respectively provided with a corrugated plate towards the inner side of the loading port, and the corrugated plates are made of elastic materials and play a role in sealing.
8. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that: middle bracket department is equipped with middle bracket pusher, and middle bracket pusher includes sharp pushing structure, and sharp pushing structure is cylinder, pneumatic cylinder or electric putter, and sharp pushing structure drives the goods bracket and moves forward.
9. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that: the temporary storage area is a slope which gradually inclines upwards from inside to outside, or the temporary storage area is a high platform which is higher than the plane of the main channel area, and the slope which inclines upwards is arranged between the temporary storage area and the main channel area.
10. The automatic three-dimensional freezer based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that: a row of rollers are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the carrying frame main body, the rollers are positioned at the same height, and the rollers roll in the transverse guide rails; or the main body of the carrying frame is provided with a slide block which slides in the transverse guide rail.
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| CN109205167A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-15 | 长沙迈迪克智能科技有限公司 | The medical freezer of automation access method and automatic access based on blood articles |
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| CN113401658B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-06-21 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Feeding control method, feeding device and readable storage medium |
| CN115200295B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-02-20 | 温州市顶诺食品有限公司 | Freezer pan feeding device |
| CN115560522B (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-02-03 | 合肥工业大学 | Automatic three-dimensional refrigeration house for meat industry and use method |
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