CN108057828A - The upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit - Google Patents
The upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108057828A CN108057828A CN201711310059.0A CN201711310059A CN108057828A CN 108057828 A CN108057828 A CN 108057828A CN 201711310059 A CN201711310059 A CN 201711310059A CN 108057828 A CN108057828 A CN 108057828A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit, the appearance of ellipse shape is connected and composed between the circular big end of the ellipse shape cam bit and circular small end by tangent-line transition, in big end, there are one concentric pylones, its upsetting mainly goes out pre- forging by a upsetting preform of cylindrical blank, then second of upsetting, which just can be completed to fill type, obtains finish-forging part, gross weight is removed in last punching, completes short route manufacture.The present invention can ensure that the high-efficiency high-accuracy of ellipse shape cam bit is continuously produced in enormous quantities, reach 120 per minute or more.
Description
Technical field
Technical field more particularly to a kind of upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit the invention belongs to ellipse shape cam bit.
Background technology
Camshaft is one of three big crucial friction pairs of engine, is valve train most critical in engine valve actuating mechanism
Parts are related to the precision and stationarity of engine operating, and then influence the performance of automobile.Therefore, cam shaft design
There is consequence in the development of auto industry with manufacture.Traditional one-piece camshaft uses what is cast or forge more
Method is process, and camshaft each several part material property is consistent, it is difficult to meet requirement of the different parts to its material property.With biography
The one-piece camshaft manufacturing process of system is compared, before its requirement to torsional strength, wearability and robust motion is met
Put, assembled cam shaft is in flexible design, the reasonable selection of material utilizes, lightweight and low production cost etc. it is excellent
Gesture gradually displays.Therefore, assembled cam shaft has the very big market competitiveness, is the new development of camshaft manufacturing technology.
The Precision Forming Technology of cam is one of three big key technologies for influencing assembled cam shaft development.Using near net into
Shape technology can obtain the cam that surface quality is good, dimensional accuracy is high, allowance is small, mechanical performance is high, meanwhile, improve material
Expect utilization rate and production efficiency, shorten the production cycle, reduce production cost.Therefore, the fine forging technology of cam is studied,
Development and application to assembled cam shaft make great sense.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are in view of the above problems, to provide a kind of upsetting of ellipse shape cam bit
Design method is forged, as soon as going out pre- forging by time upsetting preform of cylindrical blank, then second of upsetting, which can be completed to fill type, obtains
To finish-forging part, gross weight is finally removed, completes short route manufacture, can ensure the continuous high-volume of high-efficiency high-accuracy of ellipse shape class cam bit
Production.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem：The upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit,
It is characterized in that, connects and composes the appearance of ellipse shape between the circular big end of ellipse shape cam bit and circular small end by tangent-line transition,
Circular big end there are one concentric pylone,
Include the following steps：
S1) upsetting design optimization includes the following steps：
S11) pre- forging shape design：According to ellipse shape class cam bit part shape, it is with frustum to determine pre- forging shape
Ellipse shape substrate, the size of ellipse shape substrate are determined according to equation below：
R2=83%~93%R2 zero
R1=85%~95%R1 zero
L1=60%~70%L1 zero；
Wherein, R2、R2 zeroIt is the radius of the circular big end of pre- forging and part respectively, R1、R1 zeroIt is pre- forging and part respectively
Circular small end radius, L1、L1 zeroIt is pre- forging and the circular small end of part and the distance of center circle of circular big end respectively；
Frustum taper is set as 45 °, frustum height is H, and there are one platform, circles between ellipse shape basement top for frustum bottom
Shape small end berm width D1, circular big end berm width D2；
S12) pre- forging's block dimension and position optimization：Choose pre- forging circle small end radius R1, circular big end radius R2, big end
With small end distance of center circle L1, frustum height H, small end berm width D1, big end berm width D2As pre- forging dimensional parameters, choose
The distance between the pre- forging circle big end center of circle and the finisher circle big end center of circle L2As location parameter, close to small end for just,
The load and burr at the end of finish-forging fills type are chosen, as pre- forging's block dimension and the evaluation index of position, unified composition is following excellent
Change function
Pre- forging's block dimension and location parameter are adjusted in optimization, is madeMinimum obtainsBy pre- forging ruler at this time
Very little and position as an optimization after result；
S13) cylindrical blank size positions optimize：Dimensional parameters of the cylindrical blank radius R3 as blank are chosen, choose circle
The distance between the column blank center of circle and the blocker circle big end center of circle L3 choose the load at the end of blocking fills type as location parameter
Lotus and burr are unified to form following majorized function as pre- forging's block dimension and the evaluation index of position
Wherein, L3Initial value be set to L3=25%~40% (R2-R1), cylindrical blank size and position are adjusted in optimization
Parameter makesMinimum obtainsBy cylindrical blank size at this time and position as an optimization after result；
S14) cylindrical blank positioning method optimizes：In order to ensure positioning accuracy of the cylindrical blank in blocker, circle is found
The first elliptic cone is added in the position of column blank bottom metal flowing velocity minimum in the position that blocker bottom corresponds at this
Slot；
S15) pre- forging positioning method optimization：In order to ensure positioning accuracy of the pre- forging in finisher, pre- forging is found
The second elliptic cone slot is added in the position of bottom metal flowing velocity minimum in the position that finisher bottom corresponds at this, and second
Elliptic cone slot is identical with the first elliptic cone slot size；
S2 cylindrical blank, whole laser heating cylinder section bar to forging temperature) are prepared, hot shearing obtains cylindrical blank；
S3) blocking is processed, and first station that cylindrical blank is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out blocking shaping, obtains blocking
Part；
S4) finish-forging is processed, and second station that pre- forging is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out finish-forging shaping, obtains finish-forging part,
Middle forging circle big end center is equipped with circular groove；
S5) part forming, the 3rd station that finish-forging part is moved to hot upset forging machine are punched out gross weight, obtain part,
It removes the peel to form circular through hole in the circular big end center of part.
By said program, the step S15) described in first, second elliptic cone slot size be long axis be 3~5mm, short axle
It is 1~3mm for 1~3mm, depth, frustum gradient is 15 °.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit is proposed, by ellipse shape class cam
Piece part upsetting technique optimizes, can only with three upsettings step can just complete the precision of ellipse shape cam bit into
Shape completes short route manufacture, reaches the continuous production efficiency of 120/minute or more, ensure extremely low fraction defective.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hammer down forming process schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the blocker of one embodiment of the invention and the positioning schematic diagram of cylindrical blank；
Fig. 3 is positioning schematic diagram of the finisher with pre- forging of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the cutting structure diagram of the blocker of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the cutting structure diagram of the finisher of one embodiment of the invention；
Wherein：1. cylindrical blank, 2. pre- forging, 3. finish-forging parts, 4. parts, 5. circular grooves, 6. circular through holes, 7. blockings
Mould, 8. finishers, 9. first elliptic cone slots, 10. second elliptic cone slots.
Specific embodiment
To more fully understand the present invention, the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, the upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1) upsetting design optimization includes the following steps：
S11) pre- forging shape design：According to ellipse shape class cam bit part shape, it is with frustum to determine pre- 2 shape of forging
Ellipse shape substrate, the size of ellipse shape substrate are determined according to equation below：
R2=83%~93%R2 zero
R1=85%~95%R1 zero
L1=60%~70%L1 zero；
Wherein, R2、R2 zeroIt is the radius of the circular big end of pre- forging and part 4 respectively, R1、R1 zeroIt is pre- forging and zero respectively
The radius of the circular small end of part, L1、L1 zeroIt is pre- forging and the circular small end of part and the distance of center circle of circular big end respectively；
Frustum taper is set as 45 °, frustum height is H, and there are one platform, circles between ellipse shape basement top for frustum bottom
Shape small end berm width D1, circular big end berm width D2；
S12) pre- forging's block dimension and position optimization：Choose pre- forging circle small end radius R1, circular big end radius R2, big end
With small end distance of center circle L1, frustum height H, small end berm width D1, big end berm width D2As pre- forging dimensional parameters, choose
The distance between the pre- forging circle big end center of circle and the circular big end center of circle of finisher 8 L2As location parameter, close to small end for just,
The load and burr at the end of finish-forging fills type are chosen, as pre- forging's block dimension and the evaluation index of position, unified composition is following excellent
Change function
Pre- forging's block dimension and location parameter are adjusted in optimization, is madeMinimum obtainsBy pre- forging ruler at this time
Very little and position as an optimization after result；
S13) 1 size positions of cylindrical blank optimize：As shown in figure 4, choose sizes of the cylindrical blank radius R3 as blank
Parameter chooses the distance between the cylindrical blank center of circle and the circular big end center of circle of blocker 7 L3 as location parameter, chooses blocking and fill
Load and burr at the end of type, it is unified to form following majorized function as pre- forging's block dimension and the evaluation index of position
Wherein, L3Initial value be set to L3=25%~40% (R2-R1), cylindrical blank size and position are adjusted in optimization
Parameter makesMinimum obtainsBy cylindrical blank size at this time and position as an optimization after result；
S14) cylindrical blank positioning method optimizes：In order to ensure positioning accuracy of the cylindrical blank in blocker, circle is found
The first elliptic cone slot is added in the position of column blank bottom metal flowing velocity minimum in the position that blocker bottom corresponds at this
9；
S15) pre- forging positioning method optimization：In order to ensure positioning accuracy of the pre- forging in finisher, pre- forging is found
The second elliptic cone slot 10 is added in the position of bottom metal flowing velocity minimum in the position that finisher bottom corresponds at this, the
Two elliptic cone slot sizes be long axis be 3~5mm, short axle is 1~3mm, depth is 1~3mm, frustum gradient is 15 °；
S2 cylindrical blank, whole laser heating cylinder section bar to forging temperature) are prepared, hot shearing obtains cylindrical blank；
S3) blocking is processed, and first station that cylindrical blank is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out blocking shaping, obtains blocking
Part；
S4) finish-forging is processed, and second station that pre- forging is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out finish-forging shaping, obtains finish-forging part 3,
Middle forging circle big end center is equipped with circular groove 5；
S5) part forming, the 3rd station that finish-forging part is moved to hot upset forging machine are punched out gross weight, obtain part,
It removes the peel to form circular through hole 6 in the circular big end center of part.
Embodiment one：
First according to the geometry feature of ellipse shape cam bit, pre- forging is designed, then according to pre- forging's block dimension and position
Influence of the parameter to the forming effect of finish-forging part is put, finally determines that pre- forging's block dimension optimal value is：Pre- forging circle small end radius
R1=10.6mm, pre- forging circle big end radius R2=14.7mm, pre- forging circle small end and the distance of center circle L1=of circular big end
6.5mm, pre- forging frustum height H=3mm, circular small end berm width D1=1.5mm, circular big end berm width D2=
0.5mm, the distance between the pre- forging circle big end center of circle and the finisher circle big end center of circle L2=1mm.
Cylindrical blank is designed, according to the dimensional parameters of cylindrical blank with location parameter to the shadow of the forming effect of pre- forging
It rings, finally determines that cylindrical blank size optimal value is：Cylindrical blank radius R3=10.1mm, the blank center of circle are circular big with blocker
Hold the distance between center of circle L3=0.9mm.
After the basic size of blocking and finish-forging scheme is determined, the position of pre- forging bottom metal flowing velocity minimum,
Increase a small-sized oval frustum at this, determine the ellipse frustum size be long axis 4mm, short axle 2mm, be highly 2mm,
Frustum gradient is 15 °.Meanwhile correspond to blocker in pre- forging and finisher is additionally arranged at the bottom of long axis 4mm, short axle 2mm, is highly
2mm, the first, second elliptic cone slot that frustum gradient is 15 °.
According to above-mentioned technique and mold design as a result, carrying out mold processing and manufacturing；Whole laser heating cylinder section bar to forging
Make temperature；Hot shearing obtains cylindrical blank；First station that cylindrical blank is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out blocking shaping, obtains
Pre- forging；Second station that pre- forging is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out finish-forging shaping, obtains finish-forging part；Finish-forging part is moved into heat
3rd station of upsetter carries out gross weight, obtains part.
Claims (2)
1. the upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit, which is characterized in that between the circular big end of ellipse shape cam bit and circular small end
The appearance of ellipse shape is connected and composed by tangent-line transition, in big end there are one concentric pylone,
Include the following steps：
S1) upsetting design optimization includes the following steps：
S11) pre- forging shape design：According to ellipse shape class cam bit part shape, it is the ellipse shape with frustum to determine pre- forging shape
Substrate, the size of ellipse shape substrate are determined according to equation below：
R2=83%~93%R2 zero
R1=85%~95%R1 zero
L1=60%~70%L1 zero；
Wherein, R2、R2 zeroIt is the radius of the circular big end of pre- forging and part respectively, R1、R1 zeroIt is the circle of pre- forging and part respectively
The radius of shape small end, L1、L1 zeroIt is pre- forging and the circular small end of part and the distance of center circle of circular big end respectively；
Frustum taper is set as 45 °, frustum height is H, and frustum bottom is arrived between ellipse shape basement top there are one platform, and circle is small
Hold platform width D1, circular big end berm width D2；
S12) pre- forging's block dimension and position optimization：Choose pre- forging circle small end radius R1, circular big end radius R2, big end with it is small
Hold distance of center circle L1, frustum height H, small end berm width D1, big end berm width D2As pre- forging dimensional parameters, blocking is chosen
The distance between the part circle big end center of circle and the finisher circle big end center of circle L2It is just, to choose close to small end as location parameter
Finish-forging fill type at the end of load and burr, it is unified to form following optimization letter as pre- forging's block dimension and the evaluation index of position
Number
Pre- forging's block dimension and location parameter are adjusted in optimization, is madeMinimum obtainsBy pre- forging's block dimension at this time and
Position as an optimization after result；
S13) cylindrical blank size positions optimize：Dimensional parameters of the cylindrical blank radius R3 as blank are chosen, choose cylinder hair
The distance between the base center of circle and the blocker circle big end center of circle L3 as location parameter, choose load at the end of blocking fills type and
Burr is unified to form following majorized function as pre- forging's block dimension and the evaluation index of position
Wherein, L3Initial value be set to L3=25%~40% (R2-R1), cylindrical blank size and location parameter are adjusted in optimization,
MakeMinimum obtainsBy cylindrical blank size at this time and position as an optimization after result；
S14) cylindrical blank positioning method optimizes：In order to ensure positioning accuracy of the cylindrical blank in blocker, cylindrical blank is found
Expect the position of bottom metal flowing velocity minimum, the first elliptic cone slot is added in the position that blocker bottom corresponds at this；
S15) pre- forging positioning method optimization：In order to ensure positioning accuracy of the pre- forging in finisher, pre- forging bottom is found
The position of metal flow rates minimum adds the second elliptic cone slot in the position that finisher bottom corresponds at this, and second is oval
It is identical with the first elliptic cone slot size to bore slot；
S2 cylindrical blank, whole laser heating cylinder section bar to forging temperature) are prepared, hot shearing obtains cylindrical blank；
S3) blocking is processed, and first station that cylindrical blank is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out blocking shaping, obtains pre- forging；
S4) finish-forging is processed, and second station that pre- forging is moved to hot upset forging machine carries out finish-forging shaping, obtains finish-forging part；
S5) part forming, the 3rd station that finish-forging part is moved to hot upset forging machine carry out gross weight, obtain part.
2. the upsetting design method of ellipse shape cam bit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S15) in institute
State first, second elliptic cone slot size be long axis be 3~5mm, short axle is 1~3mm, depth is 1~3mm, frustum gradient is
15°。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108817119A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-16 | 奇精机械股份有限公司 | A kind of strike block forming die and its processing method |
| CN113245492A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-13 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | Preparation method of large-scale integral frame forging die and extrusion hole expanding method |
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| JPS63162852A (en) * | 1986-12-25 | 1988-07-06 | Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd | Production of forged camshaft |
| US20030159284A1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2003-08-28 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Production method of cam lobe piece of assembled camshaft |
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| JPS63162852A (en) * | 1986-12-25 | 1988-07-06 | Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd | Production of forged camshaft |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108817119A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-16 | 奇精机械股份有限公司 | A kind of strike block forming die and its processing method |
| CN108817119B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2024-05-03 | 奇精机械股份有限公司 | Striking block forming die and processing method thereof |
| CN113245492A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-13 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | Preparation method of large-scale integral frame forging die and extrusion hole expanding method |
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