CN108039722B - Distributed renewable energy system optimal configuration method suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing - Google Patents
Distributed renewable energy system optimal configuration method suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimal configuration method of a distributed renewable energy system suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining a topological structure of an AC-DC network; (2) setting model parameters; (3) setting operation constraint conditions of each element of the system; (4) setting a load and an operation mode thereof; (5) setting the running condition of the system; (6) selecting a system optimization target; (7) and solving the optimal configuration scheme by adopting a single-target or multi-target algorithm. The invention solves the problem of complex optimization configuration of an alternating current-direct current hybrid system containing various renewable energy sources, various voltage grades and combined cooling, heating and power, has diversified optimization targets, can select a plurality of objective functions to optimize the system configuration according to the requirements, fully considers the operation conditions of the system, comprises a grid-connected mode, renewable energy source access constraints, a renewable energy source subsidy mode, a demand side response mode and the like, can meet the configuration requirements of different systems, and has better applicability and feasibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed energy, in particular to an optimal configuration method of a distributed renewable energy system suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing.
Background
With the rapid increase of the proportion of generalized direct current energy utilization equipment represented by variable frequency air conditioners, IT loads and electric vehicles, the rapid development of distributed renewable energy sources and the increasingly prominent problems of multiple alternating current and direct current conversion links, high loss, poor power distribution and utilization flexibility and the like in the traditional alternating current distribution network. The adoption of an alternating current and direct current hybrid power distribution technology is an important means for solving the problems. And a distributed renewable energy system adopting an alternating current and direct current hybrid technology is a future development trend of distributed power generation. The optimal configuration of the distributed renewable energy system is the premise of safe, reliable and economic operation of the system, and domestic and foreign scientific research institutions consider the optimal configuration method from the aspects of economy, reliability, environmental protection and the like, and carry out optimal configuration research on micro-grids containing light storage or wind and light storage. These optimal configuration methods are usually directed at a single system, and there are problems of insufficient consideration for the actual operation conditions of the system, resulting in low applicability and feasibility of the method. In addition, there is no relevant research for the optimal configuration of an ac/dc hybrid system with distributed renewable energy generation and multiple voltage classes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optimal configuration method of a distributed renewable energy system suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing, so as to meet various load requirements in an alternating current and direct current parallel-serial system, improve the reliability, economy and environmental protection of system operation, and provide various energy complementary optimal configuration schemes for system planning and capacity expansion by adopting a single-target and multi-target optimization method according to user requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an optimal configuration method for an alternating current-direct current hybrid distributed renewable energy system comprises the following steps:
(1) setting a topological structure of the AC-DC network, and determining each voltage class and a connection mode thereof;
(2) setting model parameters, including technical parameters and cost parameters of system equipment, geographical position and system service life, and forming a system element model by setting the parameters;
(3) setting operation constraint conditions of each element of the system;
(4) setting a load and an operation mode thereof;
(5) setting system operation conditions including a grid-connected countercurrent mode, a system operation strategy, a renewable energy source subsidy form, an electricity price scheme, renewable energy source grid-connected voltage level constraint, a renewable energy source generating capacity ratio and an installed site constraint;
(6) selecting system optimization objectives, including life cycle in terms of economicsCost, energy standardization cost, net present value, load power shortage probability in reliability, expected value of power shortage, and CO in environmental protection2Discharge, energy storage;
(7) and solving an optimal configuration objective function by adopting a single-objective or multi-objective algorithm to give an optimal configuration scheme.
In the step (1), the network topology is determined by setting AC and DC bus voltages and selecting the connection relation between the bus voltages and between the system and the power grid, wherein a plurality of bus voltages can be connected through a multi-port power electronic transformer.
In the step (2), the system equipment comprises power conversion equipment, a transformer, electricity storage and heat storage equipment and heat utilization conversion equipment, wherein the power conversion equipment comprises a photovoltaic system, a wind driven generator, a photo-thermal power generation system, a diesel generator, a gas turbine and a power electronic transformer; the solar irradiation, wind speed and temperature are acquired year by setting the geographical position.
In the step (3), the operation constraint conditions of each element of the system comprise energy storage charging and discharging constraint and generator output constraint.
In the step (4), the load comprises a cold, heat and electricity load; the load setting method comprises 3 types: the first is to set according to typical load, including industrial load, commercial load, residential load, and generate annual load according to load characteristics by inputting average load or maximum load; the second is to set the load according to the seasonality, set certain fluctuation, and generate the annual load after inputting the average load or the maximum load; the third is directly setting the annual load size; the load operation modes comprise a controllable mode, an uncontrollable mode and a demand side response mode, if the load operation mode is the demand side response operation mode, the demand side response mode can be set to a demand side response based on the incentive and a demand side response based on the electricity price, the user response participation degree, the load constraint and the incentive form need to be set based on the demand side response of the incentive, and the user response participation degree, the load constraint and the electricity price form need to be set based on the demand side response of the electricity price.
In the step (5), determining the operation relation between the system and the power grid by setting a grid-connected countercurrent mode; determining the operation priority of each element in the system by setting a system operation strategy; setting a renewable energy source subsidy form and a power price scheme for accurately reflecting the economy of the system; in order to improve the feasibility of the optimal configuration scheme, renewable energy grid-connected voltage level constraints need to be set, and renewable energy generating capacity proportion and installed site constraints need to be set according to needs.
In the step (6), an optimization target is set according to the system configuration requirement, wherein the optimization target comprises the life cycle cost, the energy standardization cost and the net present value in the aspect of economy, the load power shortage probability and the power supply shortage expected value in the aspect of reliability, and the CO in the aspect of environmental protection2Discharge amount, and energy storage.
In the step (7), if the capacity of the existing system is expanded, the determined installed capacity of the equipment in the system needs to be set firstly; if the system is planned for a new system, directly determining the type and the capacity search range of the equipment to be optimally configured according to the load; and if the multi-objective optimization is carried out, solving the Pareto optimal front edge of the multi-objective function by adopting a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy to obtain a Pareto optimal solution, and finally giving an optimal configuration scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention solves the problem of complex optimal configuration of an alternating current-direct current hybrid system containing various renewable energy sources, various voltage levels and combined cooling, heating and power.
2. The optimization target of the invention is diversified, and comprises various targets such as economy, reliability, environmental protection and the like, and a plurality of target functions can be selected according to the requirements to optimize the system configuration.
3. The invention fully considers various conditions of system operation, including a grid-connected mode, a grid-connected countercurrent mode, a system operation strategy, a renewable energy source subsidy mode, an electricity price scheme, a demand side response mode, a renewable energy source generating capacity proportion and an installed site constraint, can meet configuration requirements of different systems, and has higher feasibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary AC load annual curve;
fig. 4 is an annual dc load curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the relevant aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings.
The invention aims to provide an optimal configuration method of a distributed renewable energy system suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing, which is suitable for the distributed renewable energy system suitable for alternating current and direct current mixing, fully considers the operation condition and various optimization indexes of the current system, meets the configuration requirements of different systems, and improves the applicability of the optimal configuration method. Here, a low-voltage ac/dc hybrid system in an office life scene is taken as an example for explanation.
As shown in fig. 1, an optimal configuration method for a distributed renewable energy system suitable for ac/dc mixing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
(1) setting a topological structure of the AC-DC network, and determining each voltage class and a connection mode thereof;
(2) setting model parameters, including technical parameters and cost parameters of system equipment, geographical position, system service life and the like, and forming a system element model by setting the parameters;
(3) setting operation constraint conditions of each element of the system;
(4) setting a load and an operation mode thereof;
(5) setting system operation conditions including a grid-connected countercurrent mode, a system operation strategy, a renewable energy source subsidy form, an electricity price scheme, renewable energy source grid-connected voltage level constraints, renewable energy source generating capacity proportion constraints, installed site constraints and the like;
(6) selecting system optimization objectives including economic life cycle cost, energy standardization cost, net present value, reliability load power shortage probability, power shortage expectation value, and environmental CO2Discharge, energy storage;
(7) and solving an optimal configuration objective function by adopting a single-objective or multi-objective algorithm to give an optimal configuration scheme.
For convenience of illustration of the specific implementation steps of the method of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the method are as follows:
(1) setting the topological structure of the AC/DC network, setting AC/DC bus voltages, selecting the connection relationship between the bus voltages and between the system and the power grid, and determining the network topology, as shown in FIG. 2.
(2) And setting model parameters, selecting system equipment such as a photovoltaic system, a wind driven generator, a photo-thermal power generation system, an energy storage battery and a converter thereof, a converter connected with a low-voltage AC/DC network, a transformer and the like, setting the geographical positions of the system equipment to be in a certain city in the Zhu-triangular region, and obtaining the total solar radiation and wind speed of the location of the system in 1 year and 8760 hours from the meteorological data in 1991 to 2010 by an interpolation method.
(3) The method comprises the following steps of setting operation constraint conditions of each element of the system, setting default constraint comprising power balance constraint and power output constraint, setting the constraint conditions to be set as energy storage constraint for the grid-connected alternating current-direct current hybrid system of the embodiment, wherein the energy storage constraint conditions are as follows:
the SOC charging condition is to satisfy:
SOC≥SOCmin
the charge and discharge power should satisfy:
wherein, P+And P-is the charge and discharge power per unit time, respectively.
(4) The load and its operating mode are set, and here the cooling load is considered as the electrical load directly, and the load classification is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 load Classification
In the second load setting mode, the loads are set according to the seasonality and the load characteristics, certain fluctuation is set, the annual load is generated after the maximum load is input, the alternating current load is shown in fig. 3, and the direct current load is shown in fig. 4. The load operation mode is an uncontrollable mode.
(5) And setting the running condition of the system, wherein the system is a grid-connected, non-reversible and time-of-use price. According to the relation between the energy storage electricity cost and the time-of-use electricity price, a system operation strategy is formulated as follows: when the generated energy of the new energy cannot meet the load, the electricity is directly purchased from the power grid at the electricity price at the valley time, and the storage battery is charged; the storage battery is discharged preferentially when the peak time and the flat time electricity price are reached, and the SOC of the storage battery is reduced to the set SOCminAnd the electricity is purchased to the power grid instead. When the new energy generating capacity exceeds the load, the storage battery is charged, and when the storage battery is fully charged, the redundant new energy generating capacity is discarded. Setting a renewable energy source subsidy form as an electricity price subsidy, wherein the generating capacity of the renewable energy source accounts for 0-100%, and the grid-connected voltage class constraint of the renewable energy source is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 renewable energy grid-connected Voltage class requirement
| Project size | Class of access voltage |
| 8kW | 220V |
| 8- |
380V |
| 400-6000kW | 10kV |
| 5000-30000kW | 35kV |
(6) And selecting a system optimization target, wherein the life cycle cost is selected as the optimization target, and the life cycle cost is the sum of the initial investment cost of the system, the cost of replacing equipment and the current value of the operation and maintenance cost. The life cycle cost is:
LCC＝Cinv+Com×k1+Crep×k2+Cg-Bsub1×k1-Bsub2×k3
wherein, CinvInitial investment cost; comOperating maintenance costs for each year; crepCost for battery replacement; cgThe cost of buying electricity from the power grid for the alternating current-direct current hybrid system; b issub1The method is subsidy for the photovoltaic power generation country; b issub2Subsidizing the province and the city of photovoltaic power generation; k is a radical of1For a 20-year conversion factor (the system life cycle is set to 20 years), converting the cost of each year to the first year, and relating to the discount rate; k is a radical of2Converting the storage battery replacement cost into a first year for a storage battery replacement cost conversion coefficient, wherein the first year is related to the discount rate; k is a radical of3The subsidy conversion coefficient for the flourishing age of the photovoltaic power generation is converted to the first year, and is related to subsidy time and subsidy rate.
(7) The method adopts a single-target genetic algorithm to solve an objective function, the embodiment is a new system plan, and the capacity search range of the equipment (a photovoltaic power generation system, a wind power generation system, an energy storage system, an AC-DC converter and a transformer) to be optimally configured is determined according to the load. When no renewable energy source is used for generating power in the system and only the power grid is used for supplying power, the life cycle cost of the system is 3842.6 ten thousand yuan, and the proportion of the renewable energy source is 0%.
The optimal configuration of the system when the power generation ratio of renewable energy is 0% to 100% is shown in table 3
TABLE 3 optimal configuration of system with renewable energy ratio of 0% -100%
| Wind turbine assembly/ |
0 |
| Photovoltaic cell/kWp connected with 10kV alternating current | 1879 |
| Photovoltaic cell/kWp connected with 380V alternating current | 400 |
| Photovoltaic cell/kWp connected with +/-375V direct current | 400 |
| accumulator/kWh | 3227 |
| AC-DC converter Capacity/kW | 750 |
| Photovoltaic step-up transformer capacity/kVA | 1600 |
| Total cost LCC/ten thousand yuan | 2289 |
| Ratio of new energy to electricity generation | 72.57％ |
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (1)
1. An optimal configuration method for an alternating current-direct current hybrid distributed renewable energy system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting a topological structure of the AC-DC network, and determining each voltage class and a connection mode thereof;
the method comprises the steps that the connection relation between bus voltages and between a system and a power grid is selected by setting the bus voltages of alternating current and direct current, and the network topology is determined, wherein a plurality of bus voltages can be connected through a multi-port power electronic transformer;
(2) setting model parameters, including technical parameters and cost parameters of system equipment, geographical position and system service life, and forming a system element model by setting the parameters;
the system equipment comprises power conversion equipment, a transformer, electricity storage and heat storage equipment and heat utilization and conversion equipment, wherein the power conversion equipment comprises a photovoltaic system, a wind driven generator, a photo-thermal power generation system, a diesel generator, a gas turbine and a power electronic transformer; acquiring annual hourly solar irradiation, wind speed and temperature by setting a geographical position;
(3) setting operation constraint conditions of each element of the system, including energy storage charging and discharging constraint and generator output constraint;
(4) setting a load and an operation mode thereof, wherein the load comprises a cooling, heating and power load; the load setting method comprises 3 types: the first is to set according to typical load, including industrial load, commercial load, residential load, and generate annual load according to load characteristics by inputting average load or maximum load; the second is to set the load according to the seasonality, set certain fluctuation, and generate the annual load after inputting the average load or the maximum load; the third is directly setting the annual load size; the load operation modes comprise a controllable mode, an uncontrollable mode and a demand side response mode, if the load operation mode is the demand side response operation mode, the demand side response mode can be set to a demand side response based on the excitation and a demand side response based on the electricity price, the user response participation degree, the load constraint and the excitation form need to be set based on the demand side response of the excitation, and the user response participation degree, the load constraint and the electricity price form need to be set based on the demand side response of the electricity price;
(5) setting system operation conditions including a grid-connected countercurrent mode, a system operation strategy, a renewable energy source subsidy form, an electricity price scheme, renewable energy source grid-connected voltage level constraint, a renewable energy source generating capacity ratio and an installed site constraint; determining the operation relation between the system and the power grid by setting a grid-connected countercurrent mode; determining the operation priority of each element in the system by setting a system operation strategy; setting a renewable energy source subsidy form and a power price scheme for accurately reflecting the economy of the system; in order to improve the feasibility of the optimal configuration scheme, setting renewable energy grid-connected voltage level constraint, renewable energy generating capacity ratio and installed site constraint;
(6) selecting system optimization targets, setting the optimization targets according to system configuration requirements, wherein the optimization targets comprise life cycle cost, energy standardization cost and net present value in the aspect of economy, load power shortage probability and power shortage expected value in the aspect of reliability, and CO in the aspect of environmental protection2Discharge, energy storage;
(7) solving an optimal configuration objective function by adopting a single-objective or multi-objective algorithm, and giving an optimal configuration scheme; if the capacity of the existing system is expanded, the determined equipment installed capacity in the system needs to be set firstly; if the system is planned for a new system, directly determining the type and the capacity search range of the equipment to be optimally configured according to the load; and if the multi-objective optimization is carried out, solving the Pareto optimal front edge of the multi-objective function by adopting a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy to obtain a Pareto optimal solution, and finally giving an optimal configuration scheme.
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| CN108710977A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-26 | 东南大学 | A kind of distributing-supplying-energy system device configuration and running optimizatin design method |
| CN108959719B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | AC-DC hybrid distributed renewable energy system test scene simulation method |
| CN109149564A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-04 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of alternating current-direct current mixing power distribution network distributed generation resource Optimal Configuration Method |
| CN109659977A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司连云港供电分公司 | A kind of microgrid power switching control method based on electric power electric transformer |
| CN109754169B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2022-10-28 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Method for analyzing reliability of energy system comprising multiple parallel combined heat and power generating units |
| CN110034572B (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2023-03-28 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Energy storage configuration method for alternating current-direct current hybrid system containing multi-port power electronic transformer |
| CN112713621B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2023-06-09 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Multi-objective optimal configuration method and system for AC/DC hybrid system |
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