CN107965937B - Refrigerating unit and evacuation shutdown control method thereof - Google Patents
Refrigerating unit and evacuation shutdown control method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107965937B CN107965937B CN201711144676.8A CN201711144676A CN107965937B CN 107965937 B CN107965937 B CN 107965937B CN 201711144676 A CN201711144676 A CN 201711144676A CN 107965937 B CN107965937 B CN 107965937B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- low
- solenoid valve
- row
- compressor
- continuous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigerating unit and an evacuation shutdown control method thereof. The refrigerating unit comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and an evaporator, wherein a liquid supply valve is arranged between the condenser and the throttle valve, two ends of the condenser are connected in parallelThe evaporator is characterized by comprising a branch, wherein a first electromagnetic valve, a capillary tube and a second electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the branch, a branch is led out between the capillary tube and the first electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the branch is connected with a pipeline between the outlet of the evaporator and the low-pressure side of the compressor. The control method is realized by detecting the low-pressure P of the refrigerating unit in the process of evacuation shutdownIs low inHigh pressure PHeight ofAnd exhaust temperature TRow boardAnd controlling the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve and stopping the compressor. The invention controls the stop condition of the refrigerating unit in the evacuation stop process, and ensures that the refrigerating unit always operates in the operation range of the compressor on the basis of ensuring the evacuation stop effect of the refrigerating unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigerating field more particularly to a kind of refrigeration unit and its evacuate halt control method.
Background technique
Refrigeration unit in order to avoid in start process compressor there is liquid hammer, when shutdown, generallys use the control for evacuating and shutting down
Scheme first closes supplying valve, compressor operation a period of time is allowed, until the refrigerant almost all of low-pressure side is extracted by compressor
High-pressure side turns off compressor, when being switched on again in this way, can effectively avoid compressor flooded starts.Pumping in the prior art
Empty halt mode has the following problems:
1 when evacuate shut down when refrigerant almost all be pumped to high-pressure side, low-pressure side, can when being switched on again almost without refrigerant
Low pressure rapid drawdown can occur, high-pressure rises sharply, and such case may have the risk of the range of operation beyond compressor, causes
The lost of life of compressor and refrigeration unit；
2, which evacuate refrigerant almost all when shutting down, is pumped to high-pressure side, low pressure rapid drawdown, and compressor air suction mouth temperature
Variation less, so that suction superheat (the corresponding saturation temperature of suction temperature-low pressure) rises sharply, leads to compressor air-discharging temperature
Degree rises sharply, and excessive discharge temperature may cause lubricating oil carbonization, influences the service life of compressor and refrigeration unit.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of refrigeration unit and its evacuates to shut down controlling party
Method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that designing a kind of refrigeration unit, comprising: compressor, condenser, throttle valve and steaming
Send out device, between the condenser and throttle valve be equipped with supplying valve, wherein the refrigeration unit further include one respectively with compressor
The first branch of low pressure side and high pressure side connection, the first branch are equipped with the first solenoid valve；With one respectively with condensator outlet
The second branch connected with compressor low-pressure side, the second branch are equipped with throttling set.
The first branch and the second branch arrive compressor after first solenoid valve and the throttling set
Pipeline between low-pressure side can share.
In one embodiment, the throttling set includes second solenoid valve and capillary.
In another embodiment, the throttling set is throttle valve.
The low pressure side and high pressure side of the compressor is equipped with pressure sensor, and the high-pressure side of the compressor is additionally provided with temperature
Spend sensor.
The present invention also proposes that a kind of evacuation halt control method of refrigeration unit, the control method pass through detection refrigeration
Unit is evacuating the low pressure P in stopping processIt is low, high-pressure PIt is highWith delivery temperature TRow, will test value and setting value carry out
Compare, and controls the shutdown of compressor according to comparison result.
If the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts down, then compressor shutdown is controlled；
If the continuous t2 time detects PIt is high≥PHeight setting, and PIt is low> PIt shuts down, then open the first solenoid valve and unloaded, if continuously
The t2 time detects PIt is high< PHeight setting-△PIt is high, then the first solenoid valve is closed, until the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts downWhen, compression
Machine shuts down and closes the first solenoid valve；
If the continuous t3 time detects TRow≥TRow's setting, and PIt is low> PIt shuts down, then open throttling set or second solenoid valve sprayed
Liquid reduces delivery temperature TRowIf the continuous t3 time detects TRow< TRow's setting-△TRow, until the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts down
When, compressor shutdown and close throttling set or second solenoid valve.
The △ PIt is highWith the △ TRowLower limit value can be zero.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1. guaranteeing that refrigeration unit maintains the operation of compressor in evacuation stopping process mesohigh pressure, low pressure always
In range, keep refrigeration unit operation relatively reliable；
2. controlling refrigeration unit is evacuating the delivery temperature in stopping process, guarantee delivery temperature relaxing in compressor always
In suitable range of operation, keep refrigeration unit operation relatively reliable；
3. guarantee refrigeration unit reliability service, it also can guarantee evacuation effect when compressor emergency shutdown, avoid compressor
Occurs liquid hammer when being again started up.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of refrigeration unit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of control method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Refrigeration unit in order to avoid in start process compressor there is liquid hammer, when shutdown, generallys use the control for evacuating and shutting down
Scheme first closes supplying valve, compressor operation a period of time is allowed, until the refrigerant almost all of low-pressure side is extracted by compressor
High-pressure side turns off compressor, when being switched on again in this way, can effectively avoid compressor flooded starts.
But the refrigeration unit that may cause is shut down beyond compressor range of operation operation (low pressure according to halt mode is evacuated
It is too low, high pressure is excessively high), excessive discharge temperature the problem of.Over range operation will lead to the service life contracting of compressor and refrigeration unit
It is short, and excessive discharge temperature will lead to lubricating oil carbonization, equally influence compressor, the service life of refrigeration unit and operation
Reliability.
The present invention is evacuating the halt condition in stopping process by control refrigeration unit, and refrigeration unit is effectively ensured both
It can achieve the effect that evacuation, and the interior operation of the comfort standard that refrigeration unit can be maintained always.
As shown in Figure 1, refrigeration unit proposed by the present invention includes: compressor 1, condenser 2, throttle valve 3 and evaporator 4,
Supplying valve 5 is equipped between condenser and throttle valve.Refrigeration unit further includes one connecting respectively with compressor low pressure side and high pressure side
The first branch, the first branch be equipped with the first solenoid valve 6；It is connect respectively with condensator outlet and compressor low-pressure side with one
Second branch, the second branch be equipped with throttling set.
The throttling set can be second solenoid valve 8 and capillary 7, be also possible to a throttle valve.
In the embodiment, the first branch and second branch arrive compressor low-pressure side after the first solenoid valve and throttling set
Between pipeline share.
As described in Figure 2, evacuation halt control method proposed by the present invention the following steps are included:
Step 1. refrigeration unit receives halt command, and supplying valve closes, starts to evacuate；
The low pressure P of step 2. detection refrigeration unitIt is low, high-pressure PIt is highWith delivery temperature TRow；
Step 3. detection system low pressure PIt is lowIf the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts down, then it is assumed that low-pressure side coolant quantity
It not will lead to and be again started up generation liquid hammer, control compression organ.
Step 4. detection system high-pressure PIt is highIf the continuous t2 time detects PIt is high≥PHeight setting, and PIt is low> PIt shuts down, then it is assumed that
It is again started up that there may be liquid hammers, opens the first solenoid valve at this time and unloaded, reduce high-pressure PIt is highIf the continuous t2 time is examined
Measure PIt is high< PHeight setting-△PIt is high, then the first solenoid valve is closed, until the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts down, then it is assumed that low-pressure side is cold
Matchmaker's amount, which not will lead to, is again started up generation liquid hammer, the shutdown of control compressor and the first solenoid valve of closing.
Step 5. detection system delivery temperature TRowIf the continuous t3 time detects TRow≥TRow's setting, and PIt is low> PIt shuts down, then it is assumed that
It is again started up there may be liquid hammer, opens second solenoid valve 2 at this time and carry out hydrojet, reduce delivery temperature TRowIf the continuous t3 time
Detect TRow< TRow's setting-△TRow, and up to the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts down, then it is assumed that low-pressure side coolant quantity not will lead to
It is again started up generation liquid hammer, close compressor is closed and second solenoid valve.
Wherein:
t1—PIt is lowDetection time.
PIt is low- low pressure detected value.
PIt shuts down- the setting value shut down according to low pressure.
t2—PIt is highDetection time.
PIt is high- high-pressure detected value.
PHeight settingHigh-pressure setting value when-the first solenoid valve 6 is opened.PHeight settingIt is to be determined by the range of operation of compressor
, compressor is different, PHeight settingWhat is be also provided with is different.
△PIt is highHigh-pressure when-the first solenoid valve 6 is closed controls precision.△PIt is highThe purpose of this parameter is to subtract
The action frequency of few first solenoid valve, if PIt is highAlways in PHeight settingAttachment is hovered, the first solenoid valve will frequent movement, acted
In the service life that frequently will affect the first solenoid valve, △ PIt is highIt is determined according to the specifically used requirement of experimental conditions and solenoid valve,
If solenoid valve does not have the requirement of action frequency, △ PIt is highIt can be set as 0, need to be gone according to experimental conditions if requiring
Determine a suitable value.
t3—TRowDetection time.
TRow- delivery temperature detected value.
TRow's settingOutlet air temperature set value when-second solenoid valve 8 is opened.
△TRow--- delivery temperature when the first solenoid valve 6 is closed controls precision.△TRowIt is also according to experimental conditions and electricity
The specifically used requirement of magnet valve determines, if solenoid valve does not have the requirement of action frequency, △ PIt is highIt can be set as 0, if there is
With regard to needing to be gone to determine a suitable value according to experimental conditions.
The present invention is evacuating the halt condition in stopping process by control refrigeration unit, stops guaranteeing that refrigeration unit evacuates
On the basis of machine effect (avoiding starting band liquid), maintains refrigeration unit always and run (low pressure in the range of operation of compressor
Will not it is too low, high pressure is not too high), and control delivery temperature and be in the comfortable range of operation of compressor always, for it is a kind of more
Reliably to evacuate shutdown control mode.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention.It should be pointed out that for the general of this field
For logical technical staff, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several deformations and variation can also be made, these deformations and
Variation all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of evacuation halt control method of refrigeration unit, the refrigeration unit include one respectively with compressor low-pressure side and height
The first branch of side connection is pressed, which is equipped with the first solenoid valve；It is low with condensator outlet and compressor respectively with one
The second branch of side connection is pressed, which is equipped with second solenoid valve and capillary, which is characterized in that the controlling party
Method detects refrigeration unit when being connected to halt instruction and is evacuating the low pressure P in stopping processIt is low, high-pressure PIt is highWith exhaust temperature
Spend TRow, and execute following steps:
If the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts down, then compressor shutdown is controlled；
If the continuous t2 time detects PIt is high≥PHeight setting, and PIt is low> PIt shuts down, then open the first solenoid valve and unloaded, if when continuous t2
Between detect PIt is high< PHeight setting-△PIt is high, then the first solenoid valve is closed, until the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts downWhen, compressor stops
Machine and the first solenoid valve of closing；
If the continuous t3 time detects TRow≥TRow's setting, and PIt is low> PIt shuts down, then open second solenoid valve and carry out hydrojet, reduce exhaust temperature
Spend TRowIf the continuous t3 time detects TRow< TRow's setting-△TRow, until the continuous t1 time detects PIt is low≤PIt shuts downWhen, compressor shutdown
And close second solenoid valve；
Wherein:
PIt shuts downFor the setting value shut down according to low pressure；
PHeight settingHigh-pressure setting value when being opened for the first solenoid valve；
△PIt is highHigh-pressure when closing for the first solenoid valve controls precision；
TRow's settingOutlet air temperature set value when being opened for second solenoid valve；
△TRowDelivery temperature when closing for the first solenoid valve controls precision.
2. control method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the △ PIt is highWith the △ TRowLower limit value be zero.
3. a kind of refrigeration unit, which is characterized in that the refrigeration unit shuts down control using evacuation described in as claimed in claim 1 or 22
Method processed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711144676.8A CN107965937B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Refrigerating unit and evacuation shutdown control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711144676.8A CN107965937B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Refrigerating unit and evacuation shutdown control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107965937A CN107965937A (en) | 2018-04-27 |
| CN107965937B true CN107965937B (en) | 2019-07-16 |
Family
ID=62001047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711144676.8A Active CN107965937B (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2017-11-17 | Refrigerating unit and evacuation shutdown control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107965937B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108955006B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-10-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method for evacuating and stopping refrigerating unit and refrigerating unit |
| CN111854205A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-30 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Refrigerator equipment, refrigerating system and control method of refrigerating system |
| WO2021048900A1 (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-03-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Outdoor unit and refrigeration cycle device |
| CN113525015A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2021-10-22 | 青岛朗进新能源设备有限公司 | A new energy bus heat pump air conditioning unit and its control method |
| CN113639415B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-05-26 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Method and device for defrosting air conditioner and air conditioner |
| CN114459178B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-08-29 | 重庆美的通用制冷设备有限公司 | Heat exchange unit and air conditioning equipment |
| CN115167559B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-11-17 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术股份有限公司 | Control method and control system of temperature control system and temperature control system |
| CN115654792B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2025-05-13 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A vacuum control method, device and heat exchange unit |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102261719A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Control method for starting heating mode of screw-type compressed multi-connected central air conditioner |
| CN202101340U (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-01-04 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Heat pump screw-type compression multi-connection central air conditioner device |
| CN102331124A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-01-25 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Control method for preventing multi-unit air conditioner screw compressor from liquid impact |
| CN104729173A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Superheat degree control method and device for condensing unit |
| WO2016174874A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration apparatus |
| CN106403373A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump system, control method and refrigerating unit |
-
2017
- 2017-11-17 CN CN201711144676.8A patent/CN107965937B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202101340U (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-01-04 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Heat pump screw-type compression multi-connection central air conditioner device |
| CN102261719A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Control method for starting heating mode of screw-type compressed multi-connected central air conditioner |
| CN102331124A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-01-25 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Control method for preventing multi-unit air conditioner screw compressor from liquid impact |
| CN104729173A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Superheat degree control method and device for condensing unit |
| WO2016174874A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration apparatus |
| CN106403373A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump system, control method and refrigerating unit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107965937A (en) | 2018-04-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107965937B (en) | Refrigerating unit and evacuation shutdown control method thereof | |
| WO2021227894A1 (en) | Intelligent coolant adding control system | |
| CN109506315A (en) | Air conditioner and control method for preventing compressor from running with liquid | |
| CN101657687A (en) | Refrigerant charging device, refrigeration device, and refrigerant charging method | |
| CN107975954B (en) | air conditioning system control method and device | |
| CN106440582B (en) | Control method of water-cooling screw unit | |
| CN106152391B (en) | A method of the compressor exhaust temperature for controlling Super long tube air-conditioning is excessively high | |
| CN108072201B (en) | Heat pump system and start control method thereof | |
| US20150354879A1 (en) | Method of reducing liquid flooding in a transport refrigeration unit | |
| CN104296435B (en) | Refrigeration system and method for controlling the same | |
| US11300339B2 (en) | Method for optimizing pressure equalization in refrigeration equipment | |
| CN105627650A (en) | Liquid refrigerant control method and device | |
| US11435122B2 (en) | Refrigeration apparatus | |
| JP2010002173A (en) | Refrigerator | |
| CN108180679B (en) | Refrigeration system, air conditioner and control method of air conditioner | |
| CN112361633B (en) | Refrigerating system and control method thereof | |
| CN108007027A (en) | Shutdown control method and device for refrigeration system | |
| EP2889555B1 (en) | Compressor having a pressurized case | |
| CN107560205B (en) | Method and device for starting a refrigerator | |
| CN205448431U (en) | Automatic exhaust device and absorption type refrigerating system with same | |
| US20240175614A1 (en) | Heat pump device and hot water supply device | |
| CN207729754U (en) | A kind of air conditioner in machine room | |
| CN108955006B (en) | Control method for evacuating and stopping refrigerating unit and refrigerating unit | |
| JP3550616B2 (en) | Method of recovering refrigerant enclosed in refrigeration facility and recovery apparatus | |
| CN211575424U (en) | Control device for wide working condition operation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |