CN107959361B - Stator of permanent magnet torque motor and permanent magnet torque motor with high torque density - Google Patents
Stator of permanent magnet torque motor and permanent magnet torque motor with high torque density Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107959361B CN107959361B CN201610906992.3A CN201610906992A CN107959361B CN 107959361 B CN107959361 B CN 107959361B CN 201610906992 A CN201610906992 A CN 201610906992A CN 107959361 B CN107959361 B CN 107959361B
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a stator of a permanent magnet torque motor, which seals the notch between each stator tooth through a sealing material, so that the stator tooth part is in an annular integral structure, and the stator yoke part is in another integral structure, and the stator tooth part and the stator yoke part are mutually separable, therefore, in the stator assembly process, after each armature winding is assembled on the corresponding stator tooth, the armature winding and the stator yoke part can be directly connected together through the insertion or buckling of a clamping groove, the process is simple, the cost is low, the efficiency is high, and the modular production is convenient. In addition, when the stator iron core is made of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy materials or high-grade silicon steel materials, the loss of the motor is reduced; when the rotor permanent magnet is supported by the iron core, the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet are alternately arranged on the side surface of the working air gap of the iron core, so that the torque density of the motor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a high-efficiency high-torque-density permanent magnet torque motor.
Background
The permanent magnet torque motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and an armature winding, the stator core comprises a stator yoke part and a stator tooth part, the stator tooth part is composed of a plurality of stator teeth, the armature winding bypasses each stator tooth, and grooves are formed between every two adjacent stator teeth. Currently, the stator yoke and the stator teeth are integrally formed, and in the stator assembly process, each armature winding is generally assembled on a corresponding stator tooth. In order to prevent the windings from leaking out of the slots, sealing materials are generally used for sealing the slots so as to function as slot wedges. However, since the general slot wedge is made of non-magnetic conductive materials, the motor has cogging torque, and the performance of the motor is affected. In addition, the process for sealing the notch is high in cost and low in efficiency, and particularly when the number of the notches is increased, the process is complicated, the manufacturing cost of the stator is increased, the manufacturing efficiency is reduced, and the method is not suitable for mass production.
In addition, the loss of the permanent magnet torque motor is one of the problems that require technical workers to consider. Losses in permanent magnet torque motors are mainly due to resistive losses in the windings and hysteresis and eddy current losses in the stator core material. At present, the stator core of the permanent magnet motor mainly adopts the traditional silicon steel sheet, so that the core loss of the material is large, and particularly in a high-frequency motor, the core loss is serious, and the application of the motor in high-frequency and high-speed occasions is restricted.
The motor applied to occasions such as robots, industrial driving, computer periphery, hub driving and the like requires high torque density, so that in the design, a plurality of poles are usually adopted to reduce the magnetic flux of each pole, and the corresponding stator yoke part size can be reduced, so that the motor with the same power can reduce the volume and improve the torque density (the pole number is between 10 and 30) of the motor. At the same time, however, at the same rotational speed (e.g., 3000 rpm), the pole count increases such that the frequency increases, with a consequent increase in core loss per unit volume (proportional to the power supply frequency to the power 1.3). If 10 pairs of poles are adopted, the power supply frequency can reach 500Hz, if the same materials and the magnetic flux density are adopted, the loss of the stator core unit volume of the motor is 20 times that of a common power frequency motor, and if no iron core loss reduction or cooling measures are adopted, the motor can not be used.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned state of the art permanent magnet torque motor, the present invention provides a stator structure of a permanent magnet torque motor, which is beneficial to improving the assembly process of the stator, and has low cost and high efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the stator of the permanent magnet torque motor comprises a stator core and an armature winding, wherein the stator core comprises a stator yoke part and a stator tooth part, the stator tooth part is formed by a plurality of stator teeth, the armature winding bypasses each stator tooth, and grooves are formed between every two adjacent stator teeth; the method is characterized in that:
The stator yoke part and the stator tooth part can be separated;
The slots are sealed by sealing materials, so that the stator teeth and the sealing materials of the slots form an annular structure;
The stator yoke part and the stator tooth part can be connected together through a clamping groove in an inserting way, namely, a pair of matched convex clamping strips and concave clamping grooves are formed at the end part of each stator tooth and at the corresponding position of the stator yoke part, and each pair of matched convex clamping strips and concave clamping grooves can be inserted together along the axial direction of the annular structure;
Or the stator yoke part and the stator tooth part can be connected together through buckling, namely, the end parts of the stator teeth of the locating piece and the corresponding positions of the stator yoke part are provided with pairs of matched bulges and recesses, and the pairs of matched bulges and recesses can be buckled together along the axial direction of the annular structure.
In the stator with the structure, the notches among the stator teeth are sealed through the sealing material, so that the stator tooth parts are in an annular integral structure, and the stator yoke parts are in another integral structure, and the stator tooth parts and the stator yoke parts are mutually separated, therefore, in the stator assembly process, after each armature winding is assembled on the corresponding stator tooth, the armature winding and the stator tooth can be directly connected together through the clamping groove in a plugging or buckling way, the process is simple, the cost is low, the efficiency is high, the complicated process of independently sealing the notches is omitted, and the modular production is convenient; on the other hand, the slot opening slot can reduce the cogging torque and torque pulsation of the motor and improve the torque density of the permanent magnet torque motor.
Considering the loss of the permanent magnet torque motor, the stator core is preferably made of nanocrystalline alloy material or high-grade silicon steel material, the core loss of the material is small, low-loss and high-torque density operation under the high-frequency operation condition can be realized, and the efficiency of the motor is improved. Further preferably, the stator core is formed by laminating punched sheets.
Preferably, the sealing material is a nanocrystalline alloy material.
The permanent magnet torque motor formed by the stator comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein a working air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor. At present, most of rotors of the permanent magnet torque motor adopt a traditional permanent magnet structure, and compared with the torque density of the induction torque motor, the torque density of the permanent magnet torque motor is improved, but the torque density of the permanent magnet torque motor is still obviously insufficient when the permanent magnet torque motor is applied to occasions such as aerospace, robots and the like with higher requirements, so that the motor torque density is improved by adopting a halbach permanent magnet array structure in literature introduction, and the motor efficiency is improved. However, the traditional halbach permanent magnet array structure has the problems of complex magnetization of permanent magnets, inconvenient installation and the like.
To this end, the present invention further improves the rotor structure by designing the rotor to be a structure supported by the rotor core, the surface of the rotor core facing the stator being provided with rotor permanent magnets, i.e., the rotor permanent magnets are provided on the working air gap side of the rotor core; and, the rotor permanent magnet includes a tangential magnetization permanent magnet and a radial magnetization permanent magnet, which are alternately disposed at the working air gap side of the rotor core. The radial magnetizing permanent magnet means that the magnetic field direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet points to the working air gap or deviates from the working air gap. When the magnetic field direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet points to the working air gap, the magnetic field directions of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets at the two sides of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet point to the radial magnetizing permanent magnet; when the magnetic field direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is opposite to the working air gap, the magnetic field direction of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets at the two sides of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is opposite to the radial magnetizing permanent magnet.
The rotor permanent magnet is designed to be a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and a radial magnetizing permanent magnet, so that the torque density of the motor is further improved, compared with a Halbach array structure of the permanent magnet, the magnetizing direction is simplified, and the magnetizing complexity is reduced.
Further preferably, the tangential magnetization permanent magnet and the radial magnetization permanent magnet are permanent magnets subjected to arc cutting treatment.
Further preferably, the width ratio of the tangential magnetization permanent magnet to the radial magnetization permanent magnet is 0.25-1.
Further preferably, the rotor core has a hollow structure.
In order to further improve the torque density of the motor and realize pole slot matching in a concentrated winding form, preferably, the combination of the stator slot number and the rotor pole number in the invention is as follows: the pole pair number is p, the slot number is Q, and the pole pair number of unit motors p 1 =p/GCD (p, Q), the slot number of unit motors Q 1＝Q/GCD(p,Q)＝2p1 ±1, and q=3n, Q 1＝3n1, where p 1、n、n1 is a positive integer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-efficiency high-torque-density permanent magnet torque motor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a stator tooth portion of the high-efficiency high-torque-density permanent magnet torque motor in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a stator yoke of the high-efficiency high-torque-density permanent magnet torque motor in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a magnetic field pattern of the rotor permanent magnet of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the air gap radial flux density of the high efficiency high torque density permanent magnet torque motor of example 1 of the present invention and a conventional face-mounted structure permanent magnet motor;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of torque-current characteristics of a high efficiency high torque density permanent magnet torque motor according to example 1 of the present invention with a conventional face-mounted construction permanent magnet motor;
Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a stator tooth section of a high-efficiency high-torque-density permanent magnet torque motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a stator yoke of a high-efficiency high-torque-density permanent magnet torque motor according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 1-8 are: 1. a stator; 2. a rotor; 3. an air gap; 11. a stator yoke; 12. stator tooth parts; 13 stator slots; 14. an armature winding; 21. tangentially magnetizing the permanent magnet; 22. radial magnetizing permanent magnets; 23. a rotor core; 41. a sealing material; 51. a protrusion; 52. a recess; 53. a concave clamping groove; 54. a convex clamping strip.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1:
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the permanent magnet torque motor includes a stator 1 and a rotor 2, and a working air gap 3 is between the stator 1 and the rotor 2.
The stator 1 includes a stator core including a stator yoke 11 and stator teeth 12, the stator teeth 12 being formed of a plurality of stator teeth, and an armature winding 14 wound around each stator tooth, with stator slots 13 between each adjacent stator tooth.
As shown in fig. 2, the notches between the stator teeth are sealed by a sealing material 41, so that the stator teeth have an annular integral structure. As shown in fig. 3, the stator yoke 11 has another integral structure. The stator yoke 11 and the stator tooth 12 are both separable from each other.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, pairs of matched protrusions 51 and recesses 52 are formed at the end portions of each stator tooth and at corresponding positions of the stator yoke, and each pair of matched protrusions and recesses can be engaged with each other in the axial direction of the annular structure.
In the embodiment, the stator core is made of nanocrystalline alloy material or high-grade silicon steel material, the core loss of the material is small, low loss and high torque density under the high-frequency operation condition can be realized, and the motor efficiency can be improved. The stator core is formed by laminating punching sheets.
In this embodiment, the sealing material 41 is a nanocrystalline alloy material.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the rotor 2 is composed of a rotor core 23 and rotor permanent magnets, and the rotor core 23 is a support body and has a hollow structure. The rotor core 23 is provided with rotor permanent magnets on the surface facing the stator 1, i.e., the working air gap side. The rotor permanent magnets include tangential magnetization permanent magnets 21 and radial magnetization permanent magnets 22, which are alternately arranged on the working air gap side of the rotor core 23. As shown in fig. 4, the radially magnetized permanent magnet 22 means that its magnetic field direction is directed toward the working air gap or away from the working air gap. When the magnetic field direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 22 points to the working air gap, the magnetic field direction of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 21 on the two sides points to the radial magnetizing permanent magnet; when the magnetic field direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 22 is opposite to the working air gap, the magnetic field direction of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 21 on the two sides of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is opposite to the radial magnetizing permanent magnet.
As shown in fig. 4, the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 21 and the radial magnetization permanent magnet 22 are permanent magnets subjected to arc cutting. And, the width ratio of the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 21 to the radial magnetization permanent magnet 22 is 0.25-1.
Comparative example 1:
In this embodiment, the structure of the permanent magnet torque motor is substantially the same as that of the permanent magnet torque motor in embodiment 1 described above, except that the rotor permanent magnet is of a conventional face-mounted structure.
As a result of testing, a graph comparing torque-current characteristics of the permanent magnet torque motor in example 1 with those of comparative example 1 is shown in fig. 5, which shows that the permanent magnet torque motor in example 1 having the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 21 and the radial magnetization permanent magnet 22 has a higher radial air gap magnetic density than the motor in comparative example 1 having the rotor permanent magnet of the conventional facing structure.
As a result of testing, a graph comparing torque-current characteristics of the permanent magnet torque motor in example 1 with those of comparative example 1 is shown in fig. 6, which shows that the permanent magnet torque motor in example 1 having the tangential magnetization permanent magnets 21 and the radial magnetization permanent magnets 22 has a higher motor torque than the motor in comparative example 1 having the rotor permanent magnets of the conventional face-to-face structure.
Example 2:
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet torque motor is basically the same as that of the permanent magnet torque motor in embodiment 1 above, except that, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, pairs of matched male and female clamping strips 54 and 53 are formed at corresponding positions of the end portions of each stator tooth and the stator yoke, and each pair of matched male and female clamping strips is insertable together along the axial direction of the ring structure.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The stator of the permanent magnet torque motor comprises a stator core and an armature winding, wherein the stator core comprises a stator yoke part and a stator tooth part, the stator tooth part is formed by a plurality of stator teeth, the armature winding bypasses each stator tooth, and grooves are formed between every two adjacent stator teeth; the method is characterized in that:
The stator yoke part and the stator tooth part can be separated;
The slots are sealed by sealing materials, so that the stator teeth and the sealing materials of the slots form an annular structure;
the end parts of each stator tooth and the corresponding positions of the stator yoke are provided with pairs of matched bulges and recesses, and each pair of matched bulges and recesses can be buckled or inserted together along the axial direction of the annular structure;
the stator core is made of nanocrystalline alloy material or high-grade silicon steel material.
2. A stator for a permanent magnet torque motor as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the protrusions and the depressions are convex clamping strips and concave clamping grooves, and the convex clamping strips and the concave clamping grooves which are matched in pairs can be inserted together along the axial direction of the annular structure.
3. A stator for a permanent magnet torque motor as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the stator core is formed by laminating punching sheets.
4. A permanent magnet torque motor with high torque density is characterized in that: the permanent magnet torque motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein a working air gap is formed between the stator and the rotor, and the stator adopts the stator of the permanent magnet torque motor as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3.
5. The permanent magnet torque machine with high torque density of claim 4, wherein: the rotor consists of a rotor core and rotor permanent magnets, wherein the rotor permanent magnets are arranged on the working air gap side of the rotor core, and the rotor permanent magnets comprise tangential magnetizing permanent magnets and radial magnetizing permanent magnets which are alternately arranged.
6. The permanent magnet torque machine with high torque density of claim 5, wherein: the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet are permanent magnets subjected to arc cutting treatment.
7. The permanent magnet torque machine with high torque density of claim 5, wherein: the width ratio of the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet to the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is 0.25-1.
8. The permanent magnet torque machine with high torque density of claim 4, wherein: the rotor core is of a hollow structure.
9. The permanent magnet torque machine with high torque density of claim 4, wherein: the combination of the stator slot number and the rotor pole number is as follows: the pole pair number is p, the slot number is Q, and the pole pair number of unit motors p 1 =p/GCD (p, Q), the slot number of unit motors Q 1＝Q/GCD(p,Q)＝2p1 ±1, and q=3n, Q 1＝3n1, where p 1、n、n1 is a positive integer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610906992.3A CN107959361B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Stator of permanent magnet torque motor and permanent magnet torque motor with high torque density |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610906992.3A CN107959361B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Stator of permanent magnet torque motor and permanent magnet torque motor with high torque density |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107959361A CN107959361A (en) | 2018-04-24 |
| CN107959361B true CN107959361B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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| CN201610906992.3A Active CN107959361B (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Stator of permanent magnet torque motor and permanent magnet torque motor with high torque density |
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| CN111463917A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-07-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Composite permanent magnet synchronous motor stator |
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| CN113852227A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2021-12-28 | 南通大学 | High-magnetism-gathering type hybrid permanent magnet rotor structure |
| CN114421659B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-10-27 | 丽水方德智驱应用技术研究院有限公司 | Stator and flat wire motor adapting to temperature zone distribution characteristics |
| CN114598116B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2023-09-15 | 北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院 | Stator core assembly fixture and application method thereof |
| CN114825708A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-29 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic gear rotor and structure forming tool system thereof |
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| CN206164227U (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Stator of permanent magnetic force square motor and permanent magnetic force square motor that has high rotation torque density |
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2016
- 2016-10-18 CN CN201610906992.3A patent/CN107959361B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08256465A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-10-01 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Stepping motor |
| JPH11275790A (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-10-08 | Mitsuba Corp | Structure of rotor of brushless motor |
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| CN107959361A (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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