CN107911867A - The downlink transfer and disturbance coordination method of a kind of honeycomb and D2D hybrid communication networks - Google Patents
The downlink transfer and disturbance coordination method of a kind of honeycomb and D2D hybrid communication networks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the downlink transfer and disturbance coordination method of a kind of honeycomb and D2D hybrid communication networks, the D2D communications pair in hybrid network in cellular basestation coverage there are some shared down frequency spectrum resources, cellular basestation uses uniform planar antenna array；Cellular basestation using the first service of dispatching out of known statistic channel information phone user and calculate its precoding vector, the interference from D2D communications pair is coordinated to the phone user dispatched out again, then the interference between D2D communications pair is coordinated, then communicate using known statistic channel information and certain customers' equivalent channels information to D2D comes from cellular interference to coordination；After interference coordination, cellular basestation only carries out precoding transmissions to remaining user in its service user set.The present invention has the advantages of required channel information amount is small, and computation complexity is low, can flexibly set different thresholdings to meet different QoS of customer, effectively reduces and is disturbed between honeycomb and D2D hybrid communication networks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of downlink transmission and interference coordination, in particular to a downlink transmission and interference coordination method of a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the number of various intelligent mobile terminals increases rapidly, and higher requirements are provided for the transmission rate and the user experience of a wireless communication system. Device-to-device (D2D) communication as one of the solutions to improve the overall network, satisfies the need for direct communication between wireless devices. The method aims to enable user communication equipment within a certain distance range to directly communicate so as to reduce the load on a service base station. It allows user equipment to communicate directly with nearby users over device-to-device communication links using cellular network resources in a manner that does not pass through a base station. Compared with other direct connection technologies which do not depend on infrastructure, the D2D is more flexible, and can perform connection and resource allocation under the control of a base station, and also perform information interaction without the infrastructure. Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) with hundreds or even thousands of antennas deployed at a base station is another effective method to improve network transmission rate and coverage. Compared with the existing MIMO, the spatial resolution of the large-scale MIMO is obviously enhanced, and spatial dimension resources can be deeply excavated, so that a plurality of users in the network can simultaneously communicate with the base station by using the spatial freedom provided by the large-scale MIMO on the same time-frequency resource, and the frequency spectrum efficiency is greatly improved without increasing the bandwidth. In addition, the large-scale MIMO can greatly reduce the transmitting power, and the green communication is really realized through devices with low cost and low power consumption.
Massive MIMO and a hybrid network equipped with D2D can greatly improve the spectrum efficiency and power efficiency of wireless communication, and are considered as key technologies for constructing future high-performance green mobile communication systems. However, in practical applications, massive MIMO wireless communication faces many challenges, one of which is that the number of antennas that can be configured by a base station is affected by the space of the base station and the carrier frequency. In order to overcome the limitation of the limited space to the massive MIMO wireless communication system and further exploit and utilize the vertical dimension space resources, it has been proposed in recent years to configure a massive antenna array arranged in a two-dimensional grid at a base station, which is called 3D-MIMO. Acquisition of channel information is another challenge facing massive MIMO. In the existing large-scale MIMO transmission scheme, a base station obtains parameter estimation values of uplink and downlink channels of multiple users through uplink orthogonal pilot frequency and reciprocity of the uplink and downlink channels of a TDD system, and uplink receiving processing and downlink pre-coding transmission are implemented according to the parameter estimation values. However, this scheme is difficult to adapt to medium and high speed mobile communication scenarios and FDD systems. The statistical state information of the channel is approximately unchanged in a certain period of time, the accuracy is relatively high, and the transmission scheme utilizing the statistical channel state information has the advantages of simple realization, small feedback quantity, strong robustness and capability of being simultaneously suitable for TDD and FDD systems, and is an effective method for overcoming the problem of channel information acquisition. In addition, the introduction of D2D also causes the problem of inter-user interference in the hybrid network while obtaining transmission rate gain.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a downlink transmission and interference coordination method of a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, the method can measure the interference between users according to statistical channel information, reduce or set the power of the device-to-device communication pair with larger interference into a dormant state, perform zero-forcing precoding on the macro-cellular user with larger interference, reduce the interlayer interference with lower complexity and improve the rate of edge users.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the downlink transmission and interference coordination method of the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, a plurality of D2D communication pairs sharing downlink frequency spectrum resources with the cellular base station exist in the coverage area of the cellular base station in the hybrid network, and the cellular base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array and comprises an MvThe antenna elements are arranged in the vertical direction, and each row in the horizontal direction is MhArray element with total transmitting power of Pc(ii) a The number of cellular users in the hybrid network is L, and the kth cellular user is recorded as CUEk(ii) a The ith D2D communication pair includes a sender TUEiAnd receiving end RUEiAll equipped with a single antenna, the transmission power of whichMaximum isAt a minimum ofWherein, i is 1, …, Ns，NsThe number of D2D communication pairs in the hybrid network;
firstly, the transmission power of each D2D communication pairInitialisation to maximum transmit powerD2D communication pair set with communication closedAnd cellular base station serving user setInitializing to an empty set;
secondly, calculating key parameters of each D2D communication pair and a cellular user by using the known statistical channel information;
step three, carrying out cellular base station service user scheduling and calculating a scheduled service user setPrecoding vectors of each cellular user;
step four, coordinating interference of each D2D communication pair on cellular users one by one;
step five, coordinating interference between D2D communication pairs one by one;
step six, coordinating interference from the cells for D2D communication pairs one by one;
step seven, only the sets are collected after the interference coordination is finishedThe rest cellular users carry out pre-coding transmission and are collectedThe communication between the D2D communication pair in (1) is closed.
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method for the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, in the second step, the statistical channel information includes:
large scale fading factor of channel between cellular base station and kth cellular userWhere k is 1, …, L, vertical transmit correlation matrix for kth cellular userCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrix Hc,kIs a normalized channel matrix between the cellular base station and the k cellular userElement [ H ] of mth row and nth columnc,k]m,nFor the channel coefficient between the m row and n column antenna element of the cellular base station and the k cellular user, superscript (-) isHRepresenting conjugate transpose, E {. cndot } representing averaging, tr {. cndot } representing trace of matrix; transmitting end TUE of ith D2D communication pairiReceiving end RUE of j-th communication pair D2DjLarge scale fading factor in betweenAnd cellular base station and RUEiLarge scale fading factor of inter-channelVertical transmit correlation arrayCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrixFor cellular base stations and RUEsiNormalized channel matrix of cells satisfyingElement of m-th row and n-th columnFor the m row and n column antenna element and RUE of the cellular base stationiInter-channel coefficients; TUEiLarge scale fading factor of channel with kth cellular user
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method for the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, in the second step, the calculation of the key parameters of each D2D communication pair and the cellular user by the cellular base station using the statistical channel information includes:
1) for the k cellular user, calculateAndwherein,andare respectively Mv×MvAnd Mh×MhThe elements of the m-th row and the n-th column of the DFT matrix are respectivelyAnde is a natural base number, j' is an imaginary unit;
2) for the k cellular user, calculateAndwherein,andare respectively ΛV,c,kA diagonal element sum ofH,c,kThe b-th diagonal element of (1), andand
3) for RUEiCalculatingAnd
as a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method of the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, the third step is as follows:
1.1) selection of N' +1 integersAnd M' +1 integersSatisfy the requirement ofAndwherein N' is less than MhM' is less than MvA positive integer of (d);
1.2) dividing all L cellular users into M 'N' groups, wherein the division criterion is as follows: if the k cellular user is satisfiedAnd isThen it is classified into groups
1.3) selecting one from each group of cellular usersAndthe selected cell users are counted as the cell users with the largest product
1.4) ifWherein K is the maximum number of users served by the cellular base station at the same time, adding the cellular user selected in the step 1.3) into the cellular base station service user setOtherwise, selected from step 1.3)Among cellular users, selects itAndthe K cellular users with the maximum product are added into the cellular base station service user setCellular service user setThe number of the Chinese cell users is recorded as Kc；
1.5) set of pairsEach cellular user in (1) calculates its beamforming vector, setThe first cellular user in (1) isIts beam forming vectorIs calculated byWhere l is 1, …, Kc，Representing the operation of the Kroneck product, superscript (. cndot.)*Represents the conjugate of the compound (I),is a matrixTo (1) aThe columns of the image data are,is a matrixTo (1) aAnd (4) columns.
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method for the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, interference on the cellular user coordinated by the ith D2D communication in the fourth step is specifically as follows:
2.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet l equal to 1 and go to step 2.2); otherwise, ending the interference coordination of the D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.2) computing the set of i-th D2D communication pairsThe ith cellular user inInterference metric of
2.3) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta1Go to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.4);
2.4) Transmission Power of the ith D2D communication pairDown to the point where the ith D2D communication pair can be satisfied for cellular usersInterference metric ofIs less than or equal to the threshold value delta1Maximum value of
2.5) if PdiGreater than or equal to the lowest transmit power of the D2D communication pairGo to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.6);
2.6) close communication of the ith D2D communication pair, i.e. join it into the setAnd end the interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.7) let l ═ l + 1; if l is less than or equal to KcGo to step 2.2), otherwise end the ith D2D communication counterpartyInterference coordination for cellular users.
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method for the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, in the fifth step, interference between the i-th D2D communication pair and the coordinated D2D communication pair is specifically as follows:
3.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet j equal 1 and go to step 3.2); otherwise, ending the D2D communication pair interference coordination of the D2D communication pair;
3.2) if j ≠ i, then step 3.3) is entered; otherwise, entering step 3.6);
3.3) if the jth D2D communication pair does not belong toThen its interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is calculated using the following equation
And go to step 3.4) whereTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjReceiving end RUE of communication pair with i-th D2DiA large-scale fading factor in between,transmitting end TUE for ith D2D communication pairiAnd its receiving end RUEiLarge scale fading factors in between; otherwise, entering step 3.6);
3.4) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta2Then go to step 3.6); otherwise, entering step 3.5);
3.5) larger scale fading factorAndwhereinTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjAnd its receiving end RUEjLarge scale fading factors in between; if it isThen the communication of the jth D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. joined to the setAnd go to step 3.6); otherwise, the communication of the ith D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. added to the setAnd end the D2D communication pair inter-pair interference coordination for the ith D2D communication pair;
3.6) let j ═ j + 1; if j is less than or equal to NsGo to step 3.2), otherwise end the inter-D2D communication pair interference coordination of the i-th D2D communication pair.
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method for the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, in the sixth step, the coordination of interference from the cellular for the ith D2D communication pair is performed as follows:
4.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toStep 4.2) is entered; otherwise, ending the interference coordination from the D2D communication to the cell;
4.2) computing the setThe interference metric value of each cellular user to the ith D2D communication pair is setThe first cellular user in (1) isThenThe interference metric for the ith D2D communication pair is recorded as
4.3) finding collectionsThe cellular user with the largest interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is set as the pthiA cellular subscriberIf it isInterference metric value for ith D2D communication pairLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta3Then the interference coordination from the macro cell for the D2D communication is ended; otherwise, entering step 4.4);
4.4) calculationAndwhereinAndare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (a),andare respectively piVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and the p-thiA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users,
4.5) calculationWherein vec (-) represents matrix straightening operation, and superscript T is transposition;
4.6) calculation
4.7) recalculating the p-thiA cellular subscriberBeamforming vector ofOrder toWherein q is1A first column of Q; the interference coordination from the cell for the D2D communication is ended.
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method of the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, the ith D2D communication pair in step 2.2) is used as the kth communication pairlInterference metric for individual cellular usersThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
and is satisfied in step 2.4)Is less than or equal to the threshold value delta1Maximum transmission power ofIs composed of
WhereinIs a cellular base station and klThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,is TUEiAnd k islThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,andare respectively asTo (1) aA pair of angle elementsTo (1) aThe number of the diagonal elements is equal to the number of the diagonal elements,andare respectively klVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and klA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users,andare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (1).
As a further optimization scheme of the downlink transmission and interference coordination method of the cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, the method is integrated in step 4.2)The first macrocell user is set asInterference metric value for ith D2D communication pairThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
whereinAndare respectively ΛH,d,iTo (1) aA diagonal element sum ΛV,d,iTo (1) aAnd a diagonal element.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
(1) the method mainly uses the statistical information of the channel, the required information quantity of the channel is small, and the method is suitable for various typical wireless communication systems;
(2) the method has low calculation complexity of inter-user interference measurement and the like and is easy to realize;
(3) the method can flexibly set different thresholds according to the requirements of the system and the user service quality, and meets different user service qualities and system throughputs.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail as follows:
the method mainly comprises the following steps:
step one, a plurality of D2D communication pairs sharing downlink frequency spectrum resources with the cellular base station exist in the coverage area of the cellular base station in the hybrid network, and the cellular base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array and comprises an MvThe antenna elements are arranged in the vertical direction, and each row in the horizontal direction is MhArray element with total transmitting power of Pc(ii) a The number of cellular users in the hybrid network is L, and the kth cellular user is recorded as CUEk(ii) a The ith D2D communication pair includes a sender TUEiAnd receiving end RUEiAll equipped with a single antenna, the transmission power of whichMaximum isAt a minimum ofWherein, i is 1, …, Ns，NsThe number of D2D communication pairs in the hybrid network; initializing the transmit power of each D2D communication pair to a maximum transmit powerD2D communication pair set with communication closedAnd serving user set of macrocell base stationInitializing to an empty set;
step two, calculating key parameters of each D2D communication pair and a cellular user by using known statistical channel information, wherein the known statistical channel information comprises the following steps: large scale fading factor of channel between cellular base station and kth cellular userWherein k is 1, …, L; vertical transmit correlation array for kth cellular userCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrix Hc,kIs a normalized channel matrix between the cellular base station and the k cellular userElement [ H ] of mth row and nth columnc,k]m,nFor the channel coefficient between the antenna array element of the mth row and nth column of the cellular base station and the kth cellular user k, superscript (-) is appliedHRepresenting conjugate transpose, E {. cndot } representing averaging, tr {. cndot } representing trace of matrix; transmitting end TUE of ith D2D communication pairiReceiving end RUE of j-th communication pair D2DjLarge scale fading factor in betweenAnd cellular base station and RUEiLarge scale fading factor of inter-channelVertical transmit correlation arrayCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionMatrix arrayFor cellular base stations and RUEsiNormalized channel matrix of cells satisfyingElement of m-th row and n-th columnFor the m row and n column antenna element and RUE of the cellular base stationiInter-channel coefficients; TUEiLarge scale fading factor of channel with kth cellular userThe key parameters calculated include:
1) for k cellular user CUEkK is 1, …, L, calculatedAndwhereinAndare respectively Mv×MvAnd Mh×MhThe elements of the m-th row and the n-th column of the DFT matrix are respectivelyAnde is a natural base number, j' is an imaginary unit;
2) for k cellular user CUEkK is 1, …, L, calculatedAndwhereinAndare respectively ΛV,c,kA diagonal element sum ofH,c,kThe b-th diagonal element of (1), andand
3) for RUEi,i＝1,…,NsCalculatingAnd
step three, the service user scheduling of the cellular base station is carried out according to the following steps and the scheduled service user set is calculatedPrecoding vectors of each cellular user:
1.1) selection of N' +1 integersAnd M' +1 integersSatisfy the requirement ofAndwherein N' is less than MhM' is less than MvA positive integer of (d);
1.2) dividing all L cellular users into M 'N' groups, wherein the division criterion is as follows: if the k cellular user is satisfiedAnd isThen it is classified into groupsWherein,
1.3) selecting one from each group of cellular usersAndthe selected number of cellular users is recorded as
1.4) ifWherein K is the maximum number of users served by the cellular base station at the same time, adding the cellular user selected in the step 1.3) into the cellular base station service user setOtherwise, selected from step 1.3)Among cellular users, selects itAndthe K cellular users with the maximum product are added into the cellular base station service user setCellular service user setThe number of the Chinese cell users is recorded as Kc；
1.5) set of pairsEach cellular user calculator beamforming vector in (1), a set of hypothesesThe first cellular user in (1) isIts beam forming vectorIs calculated byWhere l is 1, …, Kc，Representing the operation of the Kroneck product, superscript (. cndot.)*Represents the conjugate of the compound (I),is a matrixTo (1) aThe columns of the image data are,is a matrixTo (1) aColumns;
step four, coordinating the interference of each D2D communication pair to the cellular users one by one, wherein the interference of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular users is specifically as follows:
2.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet l equal to 1 and go to step 2.2); otherwise, ending the interference coordination of the D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.2) computing the set of i-th D2D communication pairsThe ith cellular user in (1), assume to beInterference metric of
WhereinIs a cellular base station and klThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,is TUEiAnd k islThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,andare respectively asTo (1) aA pair of angle elementsTo (1) aThe number of the diagonal elements is equal to the number of the diagonal elements,andare respectively klVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and klA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users,andare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (1);
2.3) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta1Go to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.4);
2.4) Transmission Power of the ith D2D communication pairDown to the point where the ith D2D communication pair can be satisfied for cellular usersInterference metric ofIs less than or equal to the threshold value delta1Maximum value ofWherein,is composed of
2.5) ifGreater than or equal to the lowest transmit power of the D2D communication pairGo to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.6);
2.6) close communication of the ith D2D communication pair, i.e. join it into the setAnd end the interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.7) let l ═ l + 1; if l is less than or equal to KcGo to step 2.2), otherwise end the interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
step five, coordinating interference between the D2D communication pairs one by one, wherein the interference between the coordinating D2D communication pair for the ith D2D communication pair is specifically as follows:
3.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet j equal 1 and go to step 3.2); otherwise, ending the D2D communication pair interference coordination of the D2D communication pair;
3.2) if j ≠ i, then step 3.3) is entered; otherwise, entering step 3.6);
3.3) if the jth D2D communication pair does not belong toThen its interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is calculated using the following equation
And go to step 3.4) whereTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjReceiving end RUE of communication pair with i-th D2DiA large-scale fading factor in between,transmitting end TUE for ith D2D communication pairiAnd its receiving end RUEiLarge scale fading factors in between; otherwise, go to step 3.6)
3.4) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta2Then go to step 3.6); otherwise, entering step 3.5);
3.5) larger scale fading factorAndwhereinTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjAnd its receiving end RUEjLarge scale fading factors in between; if it isThen the communication of the jth D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. joined to the setAnd go to step 3.6); otherwise, put the ith D2D onCommunication of the credit pair is closed, i.e. it is added to the setAnd end the D2D communication pair inter-pair interference coordination for the ith D2D communication pair;
3.6) let j ═ j + 1; if j is less than or equal to NsGo to step 3.2), otherwise end D2D inter-communication pair interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair;
step six, coordinating interference from the cells for the D2D communication pairs one by one, wherein the interference from the cells is coordinated for the ith D2D communication pair according to the following steps;
4.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toStep 4.2) is entered; otherwise, ending the interference coordination from the D2D communication to the cell;
4.2) computing the setInterference metric value of each cellular user to the ith D2D communication pair, hypothesis setThe first cellular user in (1) isThenThe interference metric for the ith D2D communication pair is recorded asThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
whereinAndare respectively ΛH,d,iTo (1) aA diagonal element sum ΛV,d,iTo (1) aA diagonal element;
4.3) finding collectionsThe cellular user with the largest interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is assumed to be the pthiA cellular subscriberIf it isInterference metric value for ith D2D communication pairLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta3Then the interference coordination from the cell for the D2D communication is ended; otherwise, entering step 4.4);
4.4) calculationAndwhereinAndare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (a),andare respectively piVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and the p-thiA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users,
4.5) calculationWherein vec (-) represents matrix straightening operation, and superscript T is transposition;
4.6) calculation
4.7) recalculating the p-thiA cellular subscriberBeamforming vector ofOrder toWherein q is1A first column of Q; the interference coordination from the cell for the D2D communication is ended.
Step seven, only the sets are collected after the interference coordination is finishedThe rest cellular users carry out pre-coding transmission and are collectedThe communication between the D2D communication pair in (1) is closed.
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention more clear, the following describes the scheme specifically:
considering a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, in which there are several D2D communication pairs sharing downlink spectrum resources with the cellular base station within the coverage area of the cellular base station, the cellular base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array, including MvThe antenna elements are arranged in the vertical direction, and each row in the horizontal direction is MhArray element with total transmitting power of Pc(ii) a The number of cellular users in the hybrid network is L, and the kth cellular user is recorded as CUEk(ii) a The ith D2D communication pair includes a sender TUEiAnd receiving end RUEiAll equipped with a single antenna, the transmission power of whichMaximum isAt a minimum ofWherein i is 1, …, Ns，NsThe number of D2D communication pairs in the hybrid network; the transmit power of each D2D communication pair is first initialized to the maximum transmit powerD2D communication pair set with communication closedAnd cellular base station serving user setInitializing to an empty set; then, calculating key parameters of each D2D communication pair and a cellular user by using the known statistical channel information; then, the service user of the cellular base station is scheduled and the scheduled service user set is calculatedPrecoding vectors of each cellular user; then, the interference of each D2D communication pair to the cellular user is coordinated one by one, then the interference between the D2D communication pairs is coordinated one by one, and finally the interference from the cellular is coordinated one by one to the D2D communication pairs; set only after interference coordinationThe rest cellular users carry out pre-coding transmission and are collectedThe communication between the D2D communication pair in (1) is closed.
The statistical channel information includes:
large scale fading factor of channel between cellular base station and kth cellular userWherein k is 1, …, L; vertical transmit correlation array for kth cellular userCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrix Hc,kIs a normalized channel matrix between the cellular base station and the k cellular userElement [ H ] of mth row and nth columnc,k]m,nFor the channel coefficient between the antenna array element of the mth row and nth column of the cellular base station and the kth cellular user k, superscript (-) is appliedHRepresenting conjugate transpose, E {. cndot } representing averaging, tr {. cndot } representing trace of matrix; transmitting end TUE of ith D2D communication pairiReceiving end RUE of j-th communication pair D2DjLarge scale fading factor in betweenAnd cellular base station and RUEiLarge scale fading factor of inter-channelVertical transmit correlation arrayCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrixFor cellular base stations and RUEsiNormalized channel matrix of cells satisfyingElement of m-th row and n-th columnFor the m row and n column antenna element and RUE of the cellular base stationiInter-channel coefficients; TUEiLarge scale of channel with kth cellular userFading factor
Specifically, a downlink transmission and interference coordination method for a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network includes the following steps:
step one, initializing the transmitting power of each D2D communication pair to the maximum transmitting powerD2D communication pair set with communication closedAnd cellular base station serving user setInitializing to an empty set;
step two, calculating key parameters of each D2D communication pair and a cellular user by using the known statistical channel information, wherein the key parameters comprise:
1) for k cellular user CUEkK is 1, …, L, calculatedAndwhereinAndare respectively Mv×MvAnd Mh×MhThe elements of the m-th row and the n-th column of the DFT matrix are respectivelyAnde is a natural base number, j' is an imaginary unit;
2) for k cellular user CUEkK is 1, …, L, calculatedAndwhereinAndare respectively ΛV,c,kA diagonal element sum ofH,c,kThe b-th diagonal element of (1), andand
3) for RUEi,i＝1,…,NsCalculatingAnd
step three, the service user scheduling of the cellular base station is carried out according to the following steps and the scheduled service user set is calculatedPrecoding vectors of each cellular user:
1.1) selection of N' +1 integersAnd M' +1 integersSatisfy the requirement ofAndwherein N' is less than MhM' is less than MvA positive integer of (d);
1.2) dividing all L cellular users into M 'N' groups, wherein the division criterion is as follows: if the k cellular user is satisfiedAnd isThen it is classified into groupsWherein,
1.3) selecting one from each group of cellular usersAndthe selected number of cellular users is recorded as
1.4) ifWhere K is the maximum number of simultaneous users served by the cellular base station, the steps will be repeated1.3) the selected cellular subscriber joins the set of cellular base station serving subscribersOtherwise, selected from step 1.3)Among cellular users, selects itAndthe K cellular users with the maximum product are added into the cellular base station service user setCellular service user setThe number of the Chinese cell users is recorded as Kc；
1.5) set of pairsEach cellular user calculator beamforming vector in (1), a set of hypothesesThe first cellular user in (1) isIts beam forming vectorIs calculated byWhere l is 1, …, Kc，Representing the operation of the Kroneck product, superscript (. cndot.)*Represents the conjugate of the compound (I),is a matrixTo (1) aThe columns of the image data are,is a matrixTo (1) aColumns;
step four, coordinating the interference of each D2D communication pair to the cellular users one by one, wherein the interference of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular users is specifically as follows:
2.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet l equal to 1 and go to step 2.2); otherwise, ending the interference coordination of the D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.2) computing the set of i-th D2D communication pairsThe ith cellular user in (1), assume to beInterference metric of
WhereinIs a cellular base station and klThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,is TUEiAnd k islThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,andare respectively asTo (1) aA pair of angle elementsTo (1) aThe number of the diagonal elements is equal to the number of the diagonal elements,andare respectively klVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and klGrouping between cellular usersThe channel matrix is normalized by the channel matrix,andare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (1);
2.3) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta1Go to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.4);
2.4) Transmission Power of the ith D2D communication pairDown to the point where the ith D2D communication pair can be satisfied for cellular usersInterference metric ofIs less than or equal to the threshold value delta1Maximum value ofWherein,is composed of
2.5) ifGreater than or equal to the lowest transmit power of the D2D communication pairGo to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.6);
2.6) close communication of the ith D2D communication pair, i.e. join it into the setAnd end the interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.7) let l ═ l + 1; if l is less than or equal to KcGo to step 2.2), otherwise end the interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
step five, coordinating interference between the D2D communication pairs one by one, wherein the interference between the coordinating D2D communication pair for the ith D2D communication pair is specifically as follows:
3.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet j equal 1 and go to step 3.2); otherwise, ending the D2D communication pair interference coordination of the D2D communication pair;
3.2) if j ≠ i, then step 3.3) is entered; otherwise, entering step 3.6);
3.3) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toThen its interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is calculated using the following equation
And go to step 3.4) whereTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjReceiving end RUE of communication pair with i-th D2DiA large-scale fading factor in between,transmitting end TUE for ith D2D communication pairiAnd its receiving end RUEiLarge scale fading factors in between; otherwise, go to step 3.6)
3.4) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta2Then go to step 3.6); otherwise, entering step 3.5);
3.5) larger scale fading factorAndwhereinTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjAnd its receiving end RUEjLarge scale fading factors in between; if it isThen the communication of the jth D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. joined to the setAnd go to step 3.6); otherwise, the communication of the ith D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. added to the setAnd end the D2D communication pair inter-pair interference coordination for the ith D2D communication pair;
3.6) let j ═ j + 1; if j is less than or equal to NsGo to step 3.2), otherwise end D2D inter-communication pair interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair;
step six, coordinating interference from the cells for the D2D communication pairs one by one, wherein the interference from the cells is coordinated for the ith D2D communication pair according to the following steps;
4.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toStep 4.2) is entered; otherwise, ending the interference coordination from the D2D communication to the cell;
4.2) computing the setInterference metric value of each cellular user to the ith D2D communication pair, hypothesis setThe first cellular user in (1) isThenThe interference metric for the ith D2D communication pair is recorded asThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
whereinAndare respectively ΛH,d,iTo (1) aA diagonal element sum ΛV,d,iTo (1) aA diagonal element;
4.3) finding collectionsThe cellular user with the largest interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is assumed to be the pthiA cellular subscriberIf it isInterference metric value for ith D2D communication pairLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta3Then the interference coordination from the cell for the D2D communication is ended; otherwise, entering step 4.4);
4.4) calculationAndwhereinAndare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (a),andare respectively piVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and the p-thiA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users,
4.5) calculationWherein vec (-) represents matrix straightening operation, and superscript T is transposition;
4.6) calculation
4.7) recalculating the p-thiA cellular subscriberBeamforming vector ofOrder toWherein q is1A first column of Q; the interference coordination from the cell for the D2D communication is ended.
Step seven, only the sets are collected after the interference coordination is finishedThe rest cellular users carry out pre-coding transmission and are collectedThe communication between the D2D communication pair in (1) is closed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A downlink transmission and interference coordination method for a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network, comprising the steps of:
step one, a plurality of D2D communication pairs sharing downlink frequency spectrum resources with the cellular base station exist in the coverage area of the cellular base station in the hybrid network, and the cellular base station adopts a uniform planar antenna array and comprises an MvThe antenna elements are arranged in the vertical direction, and each row in the horizontal direction is MhArray element with total transmitting power of Pc(ii) a The number of cellular users in the hybrid network is L, and the kth cellular user is recorded as CUEk(ii) a The ith D2D communication pair includesSending terminal TUEiAnd receiving end RUEiAll equipped with a single antenna, the transmission power of whichMaximum isAt a minimum ofWherein, i is 1, …, Ns，NsThe number of D2D communication pairs in the hybrid network;
firstly, the transmission power of each D2D communication pairInitialisation to maximum transmit powerD2D communication pair set with communication closedAnd cellular base station serving user setInitializing to an empty set;
secondly, calculating key parameters of each D2D communication pair and a cellular user by using the known statistical channel information;
step three, carrying out cellular base station service user scheduling and calculating a scheduled service user setPrecoding vectors of each cellular user;
step four, coordinating interference of each D2D communication pair on cellular users one by one;
step five, coordinating interference between D2D communication pairs one by one;
step six, coordinating interference from the cells for D2D communication pairs one by one;
step seven, only the sets are collected after the interference coordination is finishedThe rest cellular users carry out pre-coding transmission and are collectedThe communication between the D2D communication pair in (1) is closed.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the statistical channel information in step two comprises:
large scale fading factor of channel between cellular base station and kth cellular userWhere k is 1, …, L, vertical transmit correlation matrix for kth cellular userCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrix Hc,kIs a normalized channel matrix between the cellular base station and the k cellular userElement [ H ] of mth row and nth columnc,k]m,nFor the channel coefficient between the m row and n column antenna element of the cellular base station and the k cellular user, superscript (-) isHRepresenting conjugate transpose, E {. cndot } representing averaging, tr {. cndot } representing trace of matrix; transmitting end TUE of ith D2D communication pairiReceiving end RUE of j-th communication pair D2DjLarge scale fading factor in betweenAnd cellular base station and RUEiLarge scale fading factor of inter-channelVertical transmit correlation arrayCorrelation array for horizontal transmissionWherein, the matrixFor cellular base stations and RUEsiNormalized channel matrix of cells satisfyingElement [ H ] of mth row and nth columndi]m,nFor the m row and n column antenna element and RUE of the cellular base stationiInter-channel coefficients; TUEiLarge scale fading factor of channel with kth cellular user
3. The downlink transmission and interference coordination method for a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network according to claim 2, wherein the step two in which the cellular base station calculates the key parameters of each D2D communication pair and the cellular user by using the statistical channel information includes:
1) for the k cellular user, calculateAndwherein,andare respectively Mv×MvAnd Mh×MhThe elements of the m-th row and the n-th column of the DFT matrix are respectivelyAnde is a natural base number, j' is an imaginary unit;
2) for the k cellular user, calculateAndwherein,andare respectively ΛV,c,kA diagonal element sum ofH,c,kThe b-th diagonal element of (1), andand
3) for RUEiCalculatingAnd
4. the method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the third step is as follows:
1.1) selection of N' +1 integersAnd M' +1 integersSatisfy the requirement ofAndwherein N' is less than MhM' is less than MvA positive integer of (d);
1.2) dividing all L cellular users into M 'N' groups, wherein the division criterion is as follows: if the k cellular user is satisfiedAnd isThen it is classified into groups
1.3) selecting one from each group of cellular usersAndthe selected cell users are counted as the cell users with the largest product
1.4) ifWherein K is the maximum number of users served by the cellular base station at the same time, adding the cellular user selected in the step 1.3) into the cellular base station service user setOtherwise, selected from step 1.3)Among cellular users, selects itAndthe K cellular users with the maximum product are added into the cellular base station service user setCellular service user setThe number of the Chinese cell users is recorded as Kc；
1.5) set of pairsEach cellular user in (1) calculates its beamforming vector, setThe first cellular user in (1) isIts beam forming vectorIs calculated byWhere l is 1, …, Kc，Representing the operation of the Kroneck product, superscript (. cndot.)*Represents the conjugate of the compound (I),is a matrixTo (1) aThe columns of the image data are,is a matrixTo (1) aAnd (4) columns.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the interference coordination method for downlink transmission of cellular and D2D hybrid communication network is specifically as follows for the ith D2D communication pair in the fourth step:
2.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet l equal to 1 and go to step 2.2); otherwise, ending the interference coordination of the D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.2) computing the set of i-th D2D communication pairsThe ith cellular user inInterference metric of
2.3) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta1Go to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.4);
2.4) Transmission Power of the ith D2D communication pairDown to the point where the ith D2D communication pair can be satisfied for cellular usersInterference metric ofIs less than or equal to the threshold value delta1Maximum value of
2.5) ifGreater than or equal to D2D communication pairMinimum transmission power ofGo to step 2.7); otherwise, entering step 2.6);
2.6) close communication of the ith D2D communication pair, i.e. join it into the setAnd end the interference coordination of the ith D2D communication pair to the cellular user;
2.7) let l ═ l + 1; if l is less than or equal to KcGo to step 2.2), otherwise end the interference coordination for the cellular user by the ith D2D communication pair.
6. The downlink transmission and interference coordination method for cellular and D2D hybrid communication network as claimed in claim 5, wherein in said fifth step, the interference between the i-th D2D communication pair and the coordinated D2D communication pair is specifically as follows:
3.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toLet j equal 1 and go to step 3.2); otherwise, ending the D2D communication pair interference coordination of the D2D communication pair;
3.2) if j ≠ i, then step 3.3) is entered; otherwise, entering step 3.6);
3.3) if the jth D2D communication pair does not belong toThen its interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is calculated using the following equation
<mrow> <msub> <mi>J</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
And go to step 3.4) whereTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjReceiving end RUE of communication pair with i-th D2DiA large-scale fading factor in between,transmitting end TUE for ith D2D communication pairiAnd its receiving end RUEiLarge scale fading factors in between; otherwise, entering step 3.6);
3.4) ifLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta2Then go to step 3.6); otherwise, entering step 3.5);
3.5) larger scale fading factorAndwhereinTransmitting end TUE for jth D2D communication pairjAnd its receiving endRUEjLarge scale fading factors in between; if it isThen the communication of the jth D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. joined to the setAnd go to step 3.6); otherwise, the communication of the ith D2D communication pair is closed, i.e. added to the setAnd end the D2D communication pair inter-pair interference coordination for the ith D2D communication pair;
3.6) let j ═ j + 1; if j is less than or equal to NsGo to step 3.2), otherwise end the inter-D2D communication pair interference coordination of the i-th D2D communication pair.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step six of coordinating interference from the cell for the ith D2D communication pair is performed by the following steps:
4.1) if the ith D2D communication pair does not belong toStep 4.2) is entered; otherwise, ending the interference coordination from the D2D communication to the cell;
4.2) computing the setThe interference metric value of each cellular user to the ith D2D communication pair is setThe first cellular user in (1) isThenThe interference metric for the ith D2D communication pair is recorded as
4.3) finding collectionsThe cellular user with the largest interference metric value for the ith D2D communication pair is set as the pthiA cellular subscriberIf it isInterference metric value for ith D2D communication pairLess than or equal to a predetermined threshold value delta3Then the interference coordination from the macro cell for the D2D communication is ended; otherwise, entering step 4.4);
4.4) calculationAndwhereinAndare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (a),andare respectively piVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and the p-thiA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users,
4.5) calculationWherein vec (-) represents matrix straightening operation, and superscript T is transposition;
4.6) calculation
4.7) recalculating the p-thiA cellular subscriberBeamforming vector ofOrder toWherein q is1A first column of Q; the interference coordination from the cell for the D2D communication is ended.
8. The downlink transmission and interference coordination method for cellular and D2D hybrid communication network according to claim 7, wherein the ith D2D communication pair in step 2.2) is kthlInterference metric for individual cellular usersThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>J</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msub> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
and is satisfied in step 2.4)Is less than or equal to the threshold value delta1Maximum transmission power ofIs composed of
<mrow> <msub> <mover> <mi>P</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&delta;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>/</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
WhereinIs a cellular base station and klThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,is TUEiAnd k islThe large scale fading factor of the channel between the cellular users,andare respectively asTo (1) aA pair of angle elementsTo (1) aThe number of the diagonal elements is equal to the number of the diagonal elements,andare respectively klVertical and horizontal transmit correlation arrays, matrices, for individual cellular usersIs a cellular base station and klA normalized channel matrix between the individual cellular users, andare respectively asA diagonal element ofThe b-th diagonal element of (1).
9. The downlink transmission and interference coordination for a cellular and D2D hybrid communication network according to claim 8The method is characterized in that the method is integrated in the step 4.2)The first macrocell user is set asInterference metric value for ith D2D communication pairThe calculation method comprises the following steps:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>J</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>&lambda;</mi> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mi>l</mi> </msub> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msub> <msub> <mi>&beta;</mi> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
whereinAndare respectively ΛH,d,iTo (1) aA diagonal element sum ΛV,d,iTo (1) aAnd a diagonal element.
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