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CN107882529B - Control system and method for protecting internal blowout preventer of top drive of petroleum drilling machine - Google Patents

Control system and method for protecting internal blowout preventer of top drive of petroleum drilling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107882529B
CN107882529B CN201711353419.5A CN201711353419A CN107882529B CN 107882529 B CN107882529 B CN 107882529B CN 201711353419 A CN201711353419 A CN 201711353419A CN 107882529 B CN107882529 B CN 107882529B
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China
Prior art keywords
top drive
electric control
plc
vfd
ibop
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CN107882529A (en
Inventor
齐振宇
张振中
石建龙
郭健
许美成
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Tianshui Electric Drive Research Institute Co ltd
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Tianshui Electric Drive Research Institute Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/06Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a control system and a method for protecting a blowout preventer in a top drive of an oil rig, wherein the control system comprises a top drive electric control system and a VFD electric control system; the top drive IBOP switch is characterized in that one end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a +24V power supply, the other end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with an input module of a top drive operation table PLC, the operation table PLC is connected with a top drive electric control main PLC through a Profibus communication line, an output point of an I/O output module of the top drive electric control main PLC is connected with an A1 end of a-K50 relay, the other end A2 of the-K50 relay is connected with a power supply M ground, two ends of a normally open point of the-K50 relay are connected with two parallel lines, one line tail end is connected with an I/O input module of a VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC, the other line tail end is connected with a power supply +24V of a VFD electric control system, and then the VFD main PLC is electrically connected with a slurry pump frequency converter and a driller table PLC through Profibus communication lines respectively. The application can prevent damage to the top drive internal blowout preventer and other potential safety hazards even if the driller performs misoperation on the top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP, thereby effectively protecting the top drive internal blowout preventer.

Description

Control system and method for protecting internal blowout preventer of top drive of petroleum drilling machine
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, relates to an internal blowout preventer of a top drive system of a petroleum drilling machine, and particularly relates to a control system and method for protecting the internal blowout preventer of the top drive system of the petroleum drilling machine.
Background
At present, compared with a rotary table, the top driving energy of the oil drilling machine can remarkably improve the capability and efficiency of drilling operation, and the top driving energy of the oil drilling machine has become the standard configuration of the drilling machine in the oil drilling industry. The drilling rod is frequently connected and disconnected during the drilling operation, and then the top drive internal blowout preventer (IBOP) and the slurry pump are opened or closed. The normal sequence of operation is: the pump of the slurry pump is firstly reduced to zero, and then a top drive internal blowout preventer (IBOP) is closed, and then the drilling tool is disassembled to lift a new drill string in a hook joint mode. When the drill rod is connected, the top drive internal blowout preventer is required to be opened first, and then the slurry pump is started to a specified pumping speed and pumping pressure value, so that the working is started. However, in this process, the driller often misoperates: either too late or forgotten to open, the top drive internal blowout preventer (IBOP) cannot withstand too high a pressure from top to bottom due to its mechanical special configuration, resulting in damage to the IBOP. On the other hand, in normal drilling production, the internal IBOP blowout preventer of the top drive is not allowed to be closed. However, sometimes the driller can unconsciously and mistakenly drive the top drive IBOP switch to the closed position due to visual fatigue or other reasons, so that the remote control inner blowout preventer is closed, the pump pressure can be quickly suppressed to be very high due to the fact that the mud pump is always in a pressurized operation state, the joint of the mud pump, the pipeline and the inner IBOP blowout preventer bear too high pressure, the mechanical damage of the inner IBOP blowout preventer is directly caused, the joint of the mud pump is even too high in pressure bearing, joint cracking occurs, mud is sprayed, and equipment damage is caused, and personal safety is also compromised. When the top drive internal blowout preventer is damaged, overflow and blowout occur, and the internal blowout preventer cannot be remotely controlled to close the drill string channel, so that the damage is greater.
For the above situations, the measures that can be taken at present are: strengthening the safety consciousness education of drillers and requiring to keep the spirit and concentration high in normal work, operating strictly in the correct sequence of steps. However, in the actual working process, the driller is in a state of high concentration and high tension in spirit for a long time, and meanwhile, different operations are required to be carried out according to different underground working conditions, so that mental or physical fatigue can be inevitably caused for a long time, and the occurrence of misoperation cannot be completely stopped, and especially for new drillers. When the top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP is damaged, the top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP can only be replaced with a new one, so that the maintenance cost is greatly increased, the normal production is delayed, and the major potential safety hazard is buried in the normal use of the drilling machine.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the misoperation causes damage to the blowout preventer in the top drive in the prior art, the application provides a control system for protecting the blowout preventer in the top drive of the petroleum drilling machine.
The application adopts the following technical scheme: a control system for protecting a blowout preventer in a top drive of an oil rig comprises a top drive electronic control system and a VFD electronic control system; the top drive electric control system comprises a top drive operation table, a top drive electric control main PLC and a-K50 relay, wherein the top drive operation table is provided with a top drive IBOP switch and an input module of the PLC, and the top drive electric control main PLC comprises a CPU module, an I/O output module and the like; the VFD electric control system comprises a VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC, a driller floor and a slurry pump frequency converter, wherein the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC comprises a CPU module, an I/O input module and the like, and the driller floor is provided with the driller floor PLC and a touch screen; the top drive IBOP switch is characterized in that one end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a +24V power supply, the other end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a top drive operation table PLC input module, the top drive operation table PLC is connected with a top drive electric control main PLC through a Profibus communication line, the output point of an I/O output module of the top drive electric control main PLC is connected with the A1 end of a-K50 relay, the other end A2 of the-K50 relay is connected with a power supply M ground, two ends of a normally open point of the-K50 relay are connected with two parallel lines, one line tail end is connected with the I/O input module of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC, the other line tail end is connected with the power supply +24V of the VFD electric control system, and then the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC is electrically connected with a mud pump frequency converter and a drillstock PLC through Profibus communication lines respectively.
The two parallel lines are connected with the I/O input module of the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet and the power +24V of the VFD electric control system respectively through a 10-core cable 4, wherein plugs at one end of the 10-core cable are connected with two ends of the normally open point of the-K50 relay respectively.
The application also aims to provide a method for protecting the blowout preventer in the top drive of the petroleum drilling machine by adopting the system, which comprises the following steps: when drilling production, driller operates to drive the IBOP switch to the closed state, namely control the blowout preventer in the IBOP to be closed, a +24V high level '1' signal is transmitted to the PLC input module of the top drive operation table, the signal is transmitted to the top drive electric control main PLC through Profibus bus communication, the I/O output module of the controller makes the coil '3' of the-K50 relay be electrified to drive the normally open contact to be closed, two parallel lines are connected to two ends of the normally open point of the controller through being in a 10-core cable, one end of the controller is connected to the I/O input module of the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet, the other end of the controller is connected to the power +24V of the VFD electric control system, so that the transmission of the signal between the top drive electric control system and the VFD electric control system and the electric isolation of the two electric control systems are completed, at the moment, the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC can know the closed state of the top drive IBOP through the VFD electric control system, and the controller is used as a control signal for the slurry pump inverter, the operation control of the slurry pump inverter is completed through the Profibus communication, namely the operation of automatically pressing the slurry pump inverter is completed, namely the controller is started, or the controller can be automatically pressed down or the pump is judged to be opened or the pump is pressed down when the controller is in the state is in a given state.
The driller PLC in the driller is electrically connected with a touch screen, and the touch screen is provided with a 'start slurry pump button', 'increase slurry pump button', 'stop slurry pump button', 'reduce pump flushing button'; the given "pump up boost" is given by actuating the "increase mud pump button".
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
the traditional drilling machine top drive electric control system and the drilling machine well site slurry pump electric control system are relatively independent two systems, and are not connected, so that the application forms a locking control for the open-close state signal of the top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP and the control of the slurry pump in the VFD electric control system from the aspect of drilling electric integration, and the protection control of the top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP is realized by a method of programming and controlling a main PLC in the VFD electric control system, thereby avoiding the damage of the top drive internal blowout preventer and other dangerous situations.
1) In the normal connection and disconnection of the drill rod and setting of the slurry pump pressure operation, when the drill string is connected, and the slurry pump is operated without opening the internal blowout preventer IBOP, the pump flushing cannot be set and increased, at the moment, the given quantity of the slurry pump is limited and controlled through the main control VFD or the SCR in-house PLC program, and the next operation can be released and normally performed only after the top drive internal ejector is closed again.
2) Under the normal well drilling state, even if the driller is in misoperation to remotely close the top drive IBOP, the slurry pump can automatically flush down the pump to zero to stop pressurizing, but the pump is not stopped; when the driller operates the slurry pump again, the pump flushing cannot be increased, and meanwhile, the touch screen of the driller room can be used for prompting: "in-service top drive internal blowout preventer is closed", normal pressurization operation can be performed only after the internal blowout preventer is opened again. The occurrence of the condition of pump holding is avoided, so that damage to the IBOP blowout preventer, leakage and cracking of an outlet joint of the slurry pump are prevented, damage and personnel injury caused by overhigh pressure bearing of related equipment are prevented, and potential safety hazards in use are reduced. Not only saving the maintenance time, but also improving the production efficiency, effectively protecting the IBOP of the top drive internal blowout preventer and prolonging the service life of the IBOP.
The application can prevent damage to the top drive internal blowout preventer and other potential safety hazards even if the driller performs misoperation on the top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP, thereby effectively protecting the top drive internal blowout preventer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
fig. 2 is a program control flow chart of the present application.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a top drive operation table, a top drive electric control main PLC, a 3-K50 relay, a 4.10-core cable, a 5-VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC, a 6-driller floor and a 7-slurry pump frequency converter.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a control system for protecting a blowout preventer in a top drive of an oil rig comprises a top drive electronic control system and a VFD electronic control system; the top drive electric control system comprises a top drive operating table 1 and a top drive electric control main PLC2 and a K50 relay 3, wherein a top drive IBOP switch and a PLC are arranged on the top drive operating table 1, an input module is arranged on the PLC, and the top drive electric control main PLC2 comprises a CPU module and an I/O output module; the VFD electric control system comprises a VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC 5, a driller floor 6 and a slurry pump frequency converter 7, wherein the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC comprises a CPU module and an I/O input module, and the driller floor 6 is provided with the driller floor PLC and a touch screen; the top drive IBOP switch is characterized in that one end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a +24V power supply, the other end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a top drive operation table PLC input module, the PLC is connected with a top drive electric control main PLC through a Profibus communication line, the output point of the I/O output module of the top drive electric control main PLC is connected with the A1 end of the-K50 relay 3, the other end A2 of the-K50 relay 3 is grounded M, the two ends of a normally open point of the-K50 relay are connected with two parallel lines, the tail end of one of the two parallel lines is connected with the I/O input module of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC, the tail end of the other line is connected with the +24V power supply of the VFD electric control system, and then the VFD main PLC is electrically connected with the mud pump frequency converter 7 and the driller table PLC through the Profibus communication line respectively.
The two parallel lines are connected with each other through a 10-core cable 4, two ends of the 10-core cable are respectively provided with a plug, one end of each plug is connected with two ends of a normally open point of the-K50 relay in the top drive electric control system, and the other end of each plug is respectively connected with an I/O input module connected with a main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet in the VFD electric control system and a +24V power supply connected with the PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet.
A driller PLC in the driller is electrically connected with a touch screen, and the touch screen is provided with a 'start slurry pump button', 'increase slurry pump button', 'stop slurry pump button', 'reduce pump flushing button'.
When drilling production, driller operates to drive the IBOP switch to the closed state, namely controls the blowout preventer in the IBOP to be closed, a +24V high level 1 signal is given to the input module of the PLC of the top drive operation table, the signal is transmitted to the top drive electric control main PLC through Profibus bus communication, the I/O output module of the PLC drives the coil 3 of the-K50 relay to be electrified to drive the normally open contact to be closed, two parallel lines are connected to the two ends of the normally open point of the PLC, one tail end of the parallel lines is connected to the I/O input module of the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet of the VFD electric control system, the tail end of the other line is connected with the +24V electric control integrated cabinet power supply, and at the moment, the +24V 1 signal is given to the I/O input module of the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet, so that the transmission of the signal between the top drive electric control system and the VFD electric control system is completed, and the electric isolation of the two electric control systems is ensured. At the moment, the VFD electric control system can know the opening and closing states of the blowout preventers in the top drive IBOP through the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet. In addition, driller starts, stops, increases and reduces pump flushing on the touch screen 6 through corresponding buttons on the screen, and transmits operation signals to the slurry pump frequency converter 7 through the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet. In terms of electrical integrity, when the driller starts and sets pump flushing by operating the slurry pump frequency converter on the touch screen 6 through the screen, the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet can firstly detect the position of the IBOP operating switch on the top drive operating box and the actual 'on' and 'off' states of the internal blowout preventer in real time, take the judging result as the basis for starting and setting the given quantity of the slurry frequency converter, control the slurry pump frequency converter 7, and finish the starting and pressurizing operation of the slurry pump through the programming of the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet, namely, whether the automatic pump flushing and pressure reducing control can be respectively determined when the pump flushing and pressurizing operation or the pump is carried out under the pressure state of the internal blowout preventer of the top drive. Meanwhile, a prompt message is edited on the touch screen: the 'at this time the internal blowout preventer of the top drive is in the closed state' to alert driller operators in time. In application, as shown in fig. 2, the main PLC system of the electronic control integrated cabinet in the VFD room starts to start running in step 101, then step 102 is entered to determine what state the blowout preventer IBOP in the top drive belongs to, if the top drive IBOP is in a closed state, i.e. in the direction of NO in fig. 2, starting of the frequency converter of the slurry pump is prohibited in step 103, and at the same time, a button function key for setting a pumping value increasing on the touch screen is blocked, i.e. the setting is prohibited, at this time, the slurry pump cannot start running, and on-screen prompt "at this time, the blowout preventer in the top drive is in a closed state". And recycled as arrow into step 102: and (3) judging the open-close state of the internal blowout preventer IBOP of the top drive again until a driller opens the blowout preventer, and performing program detection and judgment that the internal blowout preventer of the top drive IBOP is in the open state, then the step 104 can be entered according to the YES arrow direction in fig. 2, in the step 104, the driller can start a pump frequency converter through a start mud button and set up a pump flushing value through a touch screen, so that the operation of starting and pressurizing the mud pump is completed. The mud pump is operated at a set point in step 105. When the slurry pump is in normal operation, the open and close states of the blowout preventer IBOP in the top drive are continuously judged in step 106, the IBOP is checked to be in what state, and if the IBOP is in the open state, the pump is continuously in normal operation according to the original set value in step 107 or normal pressurization/depressurization operation can be carried out on the pump on a touch screen. If the blowout preventer IBOP in the top drive is closed (i.e. the driller misoperation occurs) during operation, the process goes to step 108, and in step 108, the pump flushing value is automatically set to zero through a program, so that the operation speed of the slurry pump is controlled to be reduced to zero, and the occurrence of pump holding is avoided. Meanwhile, the pump stroke increasing and decreasing button setting function on the touch screen is forbidden, so that driller cannot continue to operate and pressurize, and continuous error operation is avoided. And give a prompt on the screen, display: "in-service top drive internal blowout preventer IBOP is closed". The program is then looped back to the original decision state 102 step as indicated by the arrow again. And respectively determining whether the control of pumping and pressurizing or automatic pumping and depressurization is given when the pump is in pressurized operation, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the internal blowout preventer.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any person who can obtain other various products under the teaching of the present application can make any changes in shape or structure, and all the technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present application fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims (2)

1. A control method for protecting an internal blowout preventer of a top drive of an oil rig is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the process of drilling and production,
when driller operates to drive the IBOP switch to the closed state, namely control the top drive IBOP to close, a +24V high level '1' signal is given to a PLC input module of the top drive operation desk, the signal is transmitted to a top drive electric control main PLC through Profibus bus communication, an I/O output module of the top drive IBOP switch enables a coil '3' of a K50 relay to be electrified, a normally open contact of the top drive IBOP switch is driven to close, two parallel lines are connected to two ends of a normally open point of the top drive IBOP switch through one 10-core cable (4), one end of the normally open contact is connected to an I/O input module of a main PLC of a VFD electric control integrated cabinet, the other end of the normally open contact is connected to a power +24V of the VFD electric control system, so that the transmission of the signal from the top drive electric control system and the electric isolation of the two electric control systems are completed, at the moment, the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC can know the closed state of the top drive IBOP through the VFD electric control system, and serve as a control signal for a slurry pump inverter (7), after the VFD electric control integrated main PLC is programmed, the operation control is completed through the Profibus communication, the slurry pump inverter (7) is completed, and the operation is completed, namely the pressurization pump is automatically started or the pump is automatically started or is opened or the pump is opened or is opened when the pressurization pump is in the state is opened and has been opened;
the method is realized based on the following systems: a control system for protecting a blowout preventer in a top drive of an oil rig comprises a top drive electronic control system and a VFD electronic control system; the top drive electric control system comprises a top drive operation table (1), a top drive electric control main PLC (2) and a-K50 relay (3), wherein a top drive IBOP switch and a PLC input module thereof are arranged on the top drive operation table (1), and the top drive electric control main PLC (2) comprises a CPU module and an I/O output module; the VFD electric control system comprises a VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC (5), a driller floor (6) and a slurry pump frequency converter (7), wherein the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC comprises a CPU module and an I/O input module, and the driller floor (6) is provided with the driller floor PLC and a touch screen; one end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a +24V power supply, the other end of the top drive IBOP switch is connected with a top drive operation table PLC input module, the top drive operation table PLC is connected with a top drive electric control main PLC through a communication line, then the output point of an I/O output module of the top drive electric control main PLC is connected with the A1 end of a-K50 relay (3), the other end A2 of the-K50 relay (3) is grounded, two ends of a normally open point of the-K50 relay are connected with two parallel lines, one line tail end is connected with the I/O input module of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC, the other line tail end is connected with +24V power supply of the VFD electric control system, and then the VFD electric control integrated cabinet main PLC is electrically connected with a mud pump frequency converter (7) and a drillstock PLC through communication lines respectively;
the two parallel lines adopt a 10-core cable (4), two ends of the 10-core cable are respectively provided with a plug, one plug at one end of the 10-core cable is connected with two ends of a normally open point of the-K50 relay, and the other plug at the other end of the 10-core cable is respectively connected with an I/O input module of the main PLC of the VFD electric control integrated cabinet and a power supply +24V of the VFD electric control system.
2. The control method for protecting an internal blowout preventer of a top drive of an oil rig according to claim 1, wherein: a driller PLC in the driller (6) is electrically connected with a touch screen, and the touch screen is provided with a 'start slurry pump button', 'increase slurry pump button', 'stop slurry pump button', 'reduce pump flushing button'; the given "pump up boost" is given by actuating the "increase mud pump button".
CN201711353419.5A 2017-12-15 2017-12-15 Control system and method for protecting internal blowout preventer of top drive of petroleum drilling machine Active CN107882529B (en)

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CN207813550U (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-09-04 天水电气传动研究所有限责任公司 A kind of control system for protecting oil-well rig top drive inner blowout preventer

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