CN107812904B - multi-metal step-type composite casting device and method - Google Patents
multi-metal step-type composite casting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107812904B CN107812904B CN201711040039.6A CN201711040039A CN107812904B CN 107812904 B CN107812904 B CN 107812904B CN 201711040039 A CN201711040039 A CN 201711040039A CN 107812904 B CN107812904 B CN 107812904B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/0403—Multiple moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material preparation, and relates to multi-metal step-type composite casting devices and methods, which comprise mutually corresponding combined step-type crystallizers, step cooling plates, hot tops and dummy ingots, wherein each combined step-type crystallizer consists of a combined step-type initial cooling water tank, a plurality of side cooling water tanks and a terminal cooling water tank from top to bottom, the initial cooling water tanks, the side cooling water tanks and the terminal cooling water tank are respectively connected with the corresponding hot tops, the end of each step cooling plate is correspondingly connected with the initial cooling water tank, the side cooling water tanks and the terminal cooling water tank, the end of each step cooling plate is connected with the corresponding hot top, the step cooling plates divide the combined step-type crystallizers into a plurality of melt cavities, the dummy ingots are arranged right below the corresponding melt cavities, each melt cavity is provided with a shunt plate, and the melt cavities are integrally distributed in a step-type manner in the vertical direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material preparation, and relates to multi-metal step type composite casting devices and methods.
Background
The layered composite metal material is a novel structural material and a functional material which are formed by firmly combining two or more metals with different properties at an interface in a layered mode through a physical or chemical method, and not only can have respective performance advantages of raw materials, but also can make up respective defects through a complementary effect, so that the incomparable physical and chemical mechanical properties of a single material can be obtained.
The prior method for preparing the layered composite metal material mainly comprises mechanical compounding and metallurgical compounding, wherein the former comprises a hydraulic bulging compounding process, a cold drawing compounding process, a spinning compounding process, a deflagration compounding process and the like, and the latter comprises a hot extrusion method, a diffusion compounding method, a brazing method, a hot rolling method, a centrifugal casting method and the like.
The patent (ZL01109076.6) provides equipment and a process for -time casting and forming of multi-layer composite materials, measures such as an oxidation protection sleeve are adopted, under the condition that the surface of a continuous casting core material is free of oxidation, inclusion and oil stain, a coating layer is directly and continuously cast in a hot state, but the solidification process is from inside to outside, the core material is only suitable for manufacturing round rods with high melting point alloy and the coating layer is low melting point, and a layered composite square blank cannot be manufactured.
In the patent (US20050011630a1) application, it is proposed that a partition is installed in a conventional crystallizer to divide the crystallizer into two cavities, when th alloy melt flows into the crystallizer to solidify period of time, a semi-solid support layer with a certain thickness of is formed near the partition, the dummy ingot is immediately lowered, when the dummy ingot is lowered to a set height, a second alloy (surface alloy) melt is introduced to contact with the support layer, metallurgical bonding is formed after solidification, and the two alloys form a composite ingot under the cooling effect.
The patent (CN200910187947.7) introduces a method and a device for composite casting of aluminum alloy with low superheat degree under the action of steady magnetic fields, which utilize the electromagnetic braking effect of the static magnetic field to inhibit the melt flow near the interface under the action of a direct-current static magnetic field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides multi-metal step-type composite casting apparatuses and methods for solving the above problems in the composite casting process of aluminum alloy, wherein the casting method can realize times of casting formation of multi-layer metal, and solves the problems of low productivity and poor interface quality in the conventional process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides multi-metal stepped composite casting devices, which comprise mutually corresponding combined stepped crystallizers, stepped cooling plates, hot tops and dummy ingots, wherein each combined stepped crystallizer consists of a combined stepped initial cooling water tank, a plurality of side cooling water tanks and a terminal cooling water tank from top to bottom, the initial cooling water tank, the side cooling water tanks and the terminal cooling water tank are respectively connected with the corresponding hot tops, the end of each stepped cooling plate is correspondingly connected with the initial cooling water tank, the side cooling water tanks and the terminal cooling water tank, the other end of each stepped cooling plate is connected with the corresponding hot top, each stepped crystallizer is divided into a plurality of melt cavities by the stepped cooling plates, the dummy ingots are arranged right below the corresponding melt cavities, each melt cavity is provided with a splitter plate, and the melt cavities are integrally distributed in a stepped manner in the vertical direction.
And , dividing the dummy ingot into four parts according to the cross section size of the melt cavity, and vertically adjusting the four melt cavities.
And , the hot top is made of medium-temperature-resistant No. and is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the lower part is connected with the melt chamber and enters the melt chamber by 2-5 mm, the upper part is a flow supply port, and a refractory felt is filled between the hot top and the melt chamber.
, a stepped cooling plate on the side cooling water tank consists of a high-purity graphite plate, a copper sleeve and a protective cover, wherein a cooling water cavity, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the copper sleeve, the cooling water cavity is communicated with an external cooling device through the water outlet and the water inlet, the high-purity graphite plate is inlaid on the side of the copper sleeve, the protective cover is made of a medium-high-temperature resistant , and a refractory felt is padded between the protective cover and the copper sleeve.
, the position of the side cooling water tank can be adjusted up and down.
, the number of the side cooling water tanks is 4, the combined stepped crystallizer sequentially comprises an initial cooling water tank, a side cooling water tank, a second side cooling water tank, a third side cooling water tank, a fourth side cooling water tank and a terminal cooling water tank from top to bottom, the upper parts of the initial cooling water tank, the side cooling water tank, the second side cooling water tank, the third side cooling water tank and the fourth side cooling water tank are respectively connected with a hot top, a hot top, a second hot top, a third hot top and a fourth hot top, the stepped cooling plate sequentially comprises an initial cooling plate, a cooling plate, a second cooling plate, a third cooling plate and a terminal cooling plate from top to bottom, a melt cavity is formed between the initial cooling plate and the cooling plate, a dummy ingot is formed below the melt cavity, a second melt cavity is formed between the cooling plate and the second cooling plate, a second dummy ingot is formed below the second melt cavity, a third melt cavity is formed between the second cooling plate and the third cooling plate, a fourth dummy ingot is formed between the third cooling plate and the fourth cooling plate, and the fourth dummy ingot is formed below the fourth melt cavity.
step is advanced, the initial cooling plate includes the initial cooling graphite plate, cooling plate includes the graphite plate, the copper sheathing and the guard shield, the second cooling plate includes the second graphite plate, second copper sheathing and second guard shield, the third cooling plate includes the third graphite plate, third copper sheathing and third guard shield, the terminal cooling plate includes terminal cooling graphite plate, the copper sheathing, all be equipped with corresponding cooling water chamber on second copper sheathing and the third copper sheathing, water inlet and delivery port, the cooling water chamber passes through delivery port and water inlet and external cooling device intercommunication, the graphite plate, second graphite plate and third graphite plate are all inlayed and are being held in corresponding copper sheathing side.
A multi-metal step type composite casting method comprises the following steps:
A. respectively smelting, refining and standing four alloys to be compounded, wherein the alloy at the th layer of the compound ingot casting is named as the th alloy, the alloy at the second layer is named as the second alloy, the alloy at the third layer is named as the third alloy, the alloy at the fourth layer is named as the fourth alloy, the solidification sequence of the four alloys determines the high and low positions of the side cooling water tank and each part of the dummy ingot, the side cooling water tank and the dummy ingot corresponding to the liquid alloy which is solidified first are higher in position, and the side cooling water tank and the dummy ingot corresponding to the liquid alloy which is solidified first are lower in;
B. introducing cooling water into the initial cooling water tank, the four side cooling water tanks, the terminal cooling water tank and the cooling water cavity in the copper bush until the water flow is stable;
C. pouring th liquid alloy into th molten bath cavity, raising the liquid level of th liquid alloy to 20mm from the top end of the hot top, keeping for 5s, pouring the second liquid alloy into the second molten bath cavity, starting a dummy ingot to move downwards when the liquid level of the second liquid alloy is raised to 20mm from the top end of the hot top, simultaneously pouring the third liquid alloy into the third molten bath cavity, raising the liquid level of the third liquid alloy to 30mm from the top end of the hot top, waiting for 5s, pouring the fourth liquid alloy into the fourth molten bath cavity, and raising the liquid level of the fourth liquid alloy to 40mm from the top end of the hot top;
D. and (3) continuously supplying during casting, keeping the height of each alloy liquid level stable until the casting process is finished, wherein in the casting process, when the liquid level of any liquid alloys fluctuates obviously, the supply is stopped immediately, the casting process is interrupted, when the liquid level of liquid alloys rises obviously, the laminated alloy is not reduced normally, when the liquid level of the middle layer drops obviously, mixed flow is indicated, and when the liquid level of the outer layer drops obviously, aluminum leakage is indicated.
And , controlling the pouring temperature of the liquid alloy to be 710-860 ℃, the casting speed to be 30-200 mm/min, the cooling water amount in the initial cooling water tank to be 40-200L/min.m, the cooling water amount in the cooling water cavity to be 30-80L/min.m, the cooling water amount in the second cooling water cavity to be 30-60L/min.m, the cooling water amount in the third cooling water cavity to be 10-50L/min.m, and the cooling water amount in the terminal cooling water tank to be 50-100L/min.m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the multi-metal step type composite casting method adopted by the invention, the crystallizer is in a combined step type, the number of steps can be increased, the gradient can be adjusted, and the selection of the alloy types, the alloy combinations and the number of layers of the composite cast ingots can be flexibly changed so as to meet the requirements of different products and different processes.
2. In the multi-metal step type composite casting method adopted by the invention, the water tanks in the crystallizer are mutually independent, the control of the cooling strength at different positions can be realized, and the workload of disassembling and maintaining the equipment is greatly reduced.
3. In the multi-metal step type composite casting method adopted by the invention, the arrangement of the hot top avoids the phenomenon that the solidification front moves upwards to influence the interface quality and even interrupts the experiment due to the fact that the alloy is cooled too fast near the junction of the cooling plate and the wall of the crystallizer.
4. The multi-metal step type composite casting device adopted by the invention has a reasonable structure, and the alloy liquid is in the molten body cavity before contacting with the solidified shell and is not contacted with air, so that the oxidation and air inclusion of the alloy liquid are avoided, no air holes, impurities and oxides are generated on the interface, and the quality of the composite interface is ensured.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the initial state structure of the multi-metal step type composite casting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a side cooling water tank of the multi-metal step type composite casting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the casting process of the multi-metal step-type composite casting apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:
initial cooling water tank 1, initial cooling water 2, initial cooling graphite plate 3, th graphite plate 4, th cooling water 5, th copper sleeve 6, th shield 7, second graphite plate 8, second cooling water 9, second copper sleeve 10, second shield 11, third graphite plate 12, third cooling water 13, third copper sleeve 14, third shield 15, hot top 16, th hot top 17, second hot top 18, third hot top 19, fourth hot top 20, th molten metal cavity 21, second molten metal cavity 22, third molten metal cavity 23, fourth molten metal cavity 24, terminal cooling graphite plate 25, terminal cooling water 26, terminal cooling water tank 27, third side dummy bar 28, second dummy bar 29, third dummy bar 30, fourth dummy bar 31, side cooling water tank 32, fourth side cooling water 33, second side cooling water tank 34, third side cooling water 35, second side cooling water tank 36, fourth side cooling water tank 829 36, fourth side cooling water tank 43, third side cooling water tank 43, fourth side cooling water tank 41, fourth side alloy liquid alloy 43, third molten alloy cooling water 43, third molten alloy 24, third molten alloy 24, and fourth molten alloy molten.
The combined stepped crystallizer as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 comprises an initial cooling water tank 1, an th side cooling water tank 32, a second side cooling water tank 34, a third side cooling water tank 37, a fourth side cooling water tank 39 and a final cooling water tank 27 from top to bottom in sequence, wherein a hot top 16, a th hot top 17, a second hot top 18, a third hot top 19 and a fourth hot top 20 are respectively connected above the initial cooling water tank 1, the th side cooling water tank 32, the second side cooling water tank 34, the third side cooling water tank 37 and the fourth side cooling water tank 39, and the th side cooling water tank 32, the second side cooling water tank 34, the third side cooling water tank 37 and the fourth side cooling water tank 39 can move up and down.
The stepped cooling plate is sequentially provided with an initial cooling plate, a th cooling plate, a second cooling plate, a third cooling plate and a terminal cooling plate from top to bottom, a th molten bath cavity 21 is arranged between the initial cooling plate and the th cooling plate, a th dummy ingot 28 is arranged under the 5639 th molten bath cavity 21, a second molten bath cavity 22 is arranged between the th cooling plate and the second cooling plate, a second dummy ingot 29 is arranged under the second molten bath cavity 22, a third molten bath cavity 23 is arranged between the second cooling plate and the third cooling plate, a third dummy ingot 30 is arranged under the third molten bath cavity 23, a fourth molten bath cavity 24 is arranged between the third cooling plate and the terminal cooling plate, a fourth dummy ingot 31 is arranged under the fourth molten bath cavity 24, a th dummy ingot 28, a second dummy ingot 29, a third dummy ingot 30 and a fourth dummy ingot 31 are of a combined structure, the third molten bath cavity 21, the second molten bath cavity 22, the third molten bath cavity 23 and the fourth molten bath cavity 24 are respectively provided with an upper half portion, a lower half portion of a molten bath 20, a molten bath top portion of a refractory insert, a refractory insert 23 and a refractory insert 20, a refractory insert 16-16 upper half-upper hot-top portion and a lower portion are respectively connected in the vertical direction.
The initial cooling plate comprises an initial cooling graphite plate 3 inlaid on an initial cooling water tank 1, the cooling plate comprises a th graphite plate 4, a th copper bush 6 and a th shield 7, the th copper bush 6 is provided with a th cooling water cavity, an th water inlet and a th water outlet, the th cooling water cavity is communicated with an external cooling device through a th water outlet and an th water inlet, the th graphite plate 4 is inlaid on the th copper bush 6 side, the second cooling plate comprises a second graphite plate 8, a second copper bush 10 and a second shield 11, the second copper bush 10 is provided with a second cooling water cavity, a second water inlet and a second water outlet, the second cooling water cavity is communicated with an external cooling device through the second water outlet and a second water inlet, the second graphite plate 8 is inlaid on the side, the third cooling plate comprises a third graphite plate 12, a third copper bush 14 and a third shield 15, the third cooling water inlet and a third shield 14 are inlaid on the third terminal cooling water inlet, the third cooling water inlet and a refractory cooling water outlet, the third cooling plate is inlaid on the corresponding terminal cooling water inlet of the refractory cooling water box 3626, and a refractory cooling water inlet of the third copper bush 26, and a refractory cooling water inlet are correspondingly arranged on the third copper bush 10 side, and a refractory cooling water inlet of the third copper bush 10.
A multi-metal step type composite casting method comprises the following steps:
A. four alloys to be compounded are respectively smelted, refined and stood, the solidification temperature of the four alloys is sequentially alloy, second alloy, third alloy and fourth alloy from high to low, wherein the alloy as the layer of the compound ingot is named as alloy, the alloy as the alloy is named as liquid alloy 40 when the temperature is above the liquidus line and is named as solid alloy 44 when the temperature is below the solidus line, the alloy as the second layer is named as the second alloy, the alloy as the second alloy is named as 41 when the temperature is above the liquidus line and is named as 45 when the temperature is below the solidus line, the alloy as the third alloy is named as the third alloy, the alloy as the third liquid alloy 42 when the temperature is above the liquidus line and is named as 46 when the solidus line, the alloy as the fourth alloy is named as 43 when the temperature is above the liquidus line and is named as 47 when the third alloy is below the solidus line, the solidification temperature of the four alloys determines the solidification temperature of the side cooling water tank and the high water tank, the cooling water tank and the cooling water tank are sequentially from the side surface of the high water tank, the side surface of the ingot, the cooling water tank 29, the cooling water tank 29, and the cooling water tank are sequentially from the side surface of the lower water tank, and the side surface of the lower water tank, thus the lower water tank, and the upper water tank, and the lower water tank, thus the cooling water tank are named as 3930, and the cooling water.
B. Introducing cooling water into an initial cooling water tank 1, a th side cooling water tank 32, a second side cooling water tank 34, a third side cooling water tank 37, a fourth side cooling water tank 39 and a terminal cooling water tank 27, wherein the cooling water is respectively recorded as initial cooling water 2, th side cooling water 33, second side cooling water 35, third side cooling water 36, fourth side cooling water 38 and terminal cooling water 26, the pouring temperature of the liquid alloy is 710-860 ℃, the casting speed is 30-200 mm/min, the cooling water amount in the initial cooling water tank 1 is 40-200L/min · m, the cooling water amount in a th cooling plate cooling water cavity is 30-80L/min · m, the cooling water amount in a second cooling plate cooling water cavity is 30-60L/min · m, the cooling water amount in a third cooling water cavity is 10-50L/min · m, the cooling water amount in the terminal cooling water tank 27 is 50-100L/min · m, and stable cooling water flows into cooling water cavities of a th copper bush 6, a second copper bush 10 and a third copper bush 14 are respectively recorded as fourth cooling water flow 2, 5399 and stable cooling water flow.
C. The th liquid alloy 40 is poured into the th molten body cavity 21, the th liquid alloy 40 liquid level is raised to 20mm from the top of the hot top 16, and is kept 5sThen, the second liquid alloy 41 is poured into the second melt chamber 22, when the liquid level of the second liquid alloy 41 rises to 20mm from the top end of the hot top 16, the dummy ingot is started to move downwards, meanwhile, the third liquid alloy 42 is poured into the third melt chamber 23, the liquid level of the third liquid alloy 42 rises to 30mm from the top end of the hot top 16, after 5 seconds, the fourth liquid alloy 43 is poured into the fourth melt chamber 24, and the liquid level of the fourth liquid alloy 43 rises to 40mm from the top end of the hot top 16.
D. And continuously and respectively supplying flow into the melt cavity during casting, keeping the height of each alloy liquid level stable until the casting process is finished, wherein the pouring temperature of the liquid alloy is 710-860 ℃, and the casting speed is 30-200 mm/min, wherein in the casting process, when the liquid levels of any liquid alloys obviously fluctuate, the flow supply is stopped immediately, the casting process is interrupted, when liquid levels obviously rise, the layer of alloy is indicated to be not normally reduced, when the liquid level of the middle layer obviously drops, the mixed flow is indicated to occur, and when the liquid level of the outer layer obviously drops, the aluminum leakage is indicated to occur.
Example 1
In example 1, the th alloy was 3003 aluminum alloy, the second alloy was 6061 aluminum alloy, the third alloy was 7050 aluminum alloy, the fourth alloy was 4045 aluminum alloy, the ingot size was 400 (width) × 200 (thickness) × 2000 (length) mm, and the thickness of the four layers was 40, 70, and 20mm, respectively.
The step casting method of the multi-metal layered composite ingot comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: melting of alloys
The four alloys are respectively smelted, refined and kept warm for standby after standing in four smelting furnaces, wherein the casting temperature of 3003 aluminum alloy is controlled at 710 ℃ (the liquidus line of 3003 aluminum alloy is 658 ℃ and the solidus line is 646 ℃), the casting temperature of 6061 aluminum alloy is controlled at 740 ℃ (the liquidus line of 6069 aluminum alloy is 652 ℃ and the solidus line is 533 ℃), the casting temperature of 7050 aluminum alloy is controlled at 750 ℃ (the liquidus line of 7050 aluminum alloy is 632 ℃ and the solidus line is 474 ℃), and the casting temperature of 4045 aluminum alloy is controlled at 730 ℃ (the liquidus line of 4045 is 595 ℃ and the solidus line is 577 ℃).
And 2, introducing cooling water into the crystallizer and the cooling plates until the water flow is stable, wherein the cooling water amount in the initial cooling water tank 1 is 60L/min m, the cooling water amount in the cooling water cavity of the th cooling plate is 40L/min m, the cooling water amount in the cooling water cavity of the second cooling plate is 60L/min m, the cooling water amount in the cooling water cavity of the third cooling plate is 50L/min m, and the cooling water amount in the terminal cooling water tank 27 is 60L/min m.
And 3, casting the multi-metal layered composite ingot, wherein the casting speed is 50/min, firstly, 3003 aluminum alloy melt is poured into a th melt cavity 21, the liquid level of the 3003 aluminum alloy melt is raised to be 20mm away from the top end of the hot top 16, a dummy ingot is started to run downwards, 6061 alloy is poured into a second melt cavity 22, when the liquid level of the 3003 aluminum alloy melt is raised to be 20mm away from the top end of the hot top 16, 7050 alloy is poured into a third melt cavity 23, the liquid level of the 7050 alloy is raised to be 30mm away from the top end of the hot top 16, 4045 alloy is poured into a fourth melt cavity 24, and the liquid level of the 4045 alloy is raised to be 40mm away from the.
And 4, step 4: and continuously supplying flow, keeping the liquid level stable, and stopping the flow supply of 3003, 6061, 7050 and 4045 aluminum alloy melts in sequence when the cast ingot reaches a preset length to ensure the integrity of the multi-metal layered composite cast ingot so as to improve the yield.
Example 2
In example 2, the th alloy was 4032 aluminum alloy, the second alloy was 6069 aluminum alloy, the third alloy was 7075 aluminum alloy, the fourth alloy was high purity aluminum, the ingot size was 400 (width) x 200 (thickness) x 2000 (length) mm, and the thickness of the four layers was 20, 80, 20mm, respectively.
The step casting method of the multi-metal layered composite ingot comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: melting of alloys
The four alloys are respectively smelted, refined and kept warm for standby after standing in four smelting furnaces, wherein the casting temperature of 4032 aluminum alloy is controlled at 730 ℃ (the liquid phase line of 4032 aluminum alloy is 570 ℃, and the solid phase line of 517 ℃), the casting temperature of 6069 aluminum alloy is controlled at 750 ℃ (the liquid phase line of 6069 aluminum alloy is 647 ℃, and the solid phase line of 511 ℃), the casting temperature of 7075 aluminum alloy is controlled at 750 ℃ (the liquid phase line of 7075 aluminum alloy is 636 ℃, and the solid phase line of 476 ℃), and the casting temperature of high purity aluminum is controlled at 730 ℃ (the melting point of high purity aluminum is 660.
And 2, introducing cooling water into the crystallizer and the cooling plates until the water flow is stable, wherein the cooling water amount of the initial cooling water tank 1 is 40L/min m, the cooling water amount of the th cooling plate cooling water cavity is 60L/min m, the cooling water amount of the second cooling plate cooling water cavity is 60L/min m, the cooling water amount of the third cooling plate cooling water cavity is 30L/min m, and the cooling water amount of the terminal cooling water tank 27 is 60L/min m.
And 3, casting the multi-metal layered composite ingot, wherein the casting speed is 50/min, firstly, 4032 aluminum alloy melt is poured into a th melt cavity 21, the liquid level of the 4032 aluminum alloy melt is raised to be 20mm away from the top end of the hot top 16, a dummy ingot is started to run downwards, 6069 alloy is poured into a second melt cavity 22, when the liquid level of the 6069 alloy melt is raised to be 20mm away from the top end of the hot top 16, 7075 alloy is poured into a third melt cavity 23, the liquid level of the 7075 alloy is raised to be 30mm away from the top end of the hot top 16, and high-purity aluminum is poured into a fourth melt cavity 24, and the liquid level of the high-purity aluminum alloy is raised to be 40.
And 4, step 4: and continuously supplying flow, keeping the liquid level stable, and stopping supplying flow of 4032, 6069 and 7075 and the high-purity aluminum melt in sequence when the cast ingot reaches a preset length to ensure the integrity of the multi-metal layered composite cast ingot so as to improve the yield.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
- The multi-metal stepped composite casting device is characterized by comprising mutually corresponding combined stepped crystallizers, stepped cooling plates, hot tops and dummy bars, wherein the combined stepped crystallizers are composed of combined stepped initial cooling water tanks, a plurality of side cooling water tanks and a terminal cooling water tank from top to bottom, the initial cooling water tanks, the side cooling water tanks and the terminal cooling water tank are respectively connected with the corresponding hot tops, the stepped cooling plate end is correspondingly connected with the initial cooling water tanks, the side cooling water tanks and the terminal cooling water tank, the other end is connected with the corresponding hot tops, the stepped cooling plates divide the combined stepped crystallizers into a plurality of melt cavities, the dummy bars are arranged under the corresponding melt cavities, each melt cavity is provided with a splitter plate, the melt cavities are integrally distributed in a stepped mode in the vertical direction, the side cooling water tanks are 4, the combined stepped crystallizers are sequentially provided with the initial cooling water tanks, the side cooling water tanks, the second side cooling water tanks, the third side cooling water tanks, the fourth side cooling water tanks, the third cooling water tanks, the fourth cooling water tanks are sequentially connected between the initial cooling water tanks, the third cooling water tank and the fourth cooling water tank, the fourth cooling water tank are connected between the third cooling water tank, the fourth cooling water tank are connected between the third cooling water tank, the fourth cooling water tank, the third cooling tank, the fourth cooling tank, the third cooling tank is connected between the fourth cooling tank, the fourth cooling tank is connected between the fourth cooling tank, the third cooling tank is connected between the third cooling tank, the fourth cooling tank.
- 2. The multi-metal stepped composite casting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dummy ingot is a combined structure divided into four parts according to the size of the cross section of the melt chamber, and four melt chambers are vertically adjusted up and down.
- 3. The multi-metal stepped composite casting device according to claim 2, wherein the hot top is made of a medium-high-temperature resistant steel, and is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the lower part is connected with the melt chamber and enters the melt chamber by 2-5 mm, the upper part is a flow supply port, and a refractory felt is padded between the hot top and the melt chamber.
- 4. The multi-metal stepped composite casting device according to claim 3, wherein the stepped cooling plate on the side cooling water tank is composed of a high-purity graphite plate, a copper sleeve and a protective cover, the copper sleeve is provided with a cooling water cavity, a water inlet and a water outlet, the cooling water cavity is communicated with an external cooling device through the water outlet and the water inlet, the high-purity graphite plate is embedded on the side of the copper sleeve, the protective cover is made of a medium-high-temperature-resistant No. , and a refractory felt is padded between the protective cover and the copper sleeve.
- 5. The multi-metal stepped composite casting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the position of the side cooling water tank is adjustable up and down.
- 6. The multi-metal stepped composite casting device according to claim 4, wherein the initial cooling plate comprises an initial cooling graphite plate, the th cooling plate comprises a th graphite plate, a th copper bush and a th shield, the second cooling plate comprises a second graphite plate, a second copper bush and a second shield, the third cooling plate comprises a third graphite plate, a third copper bush and a third shield, the terminal cooling plate comprises a terminal cooling graphite plate, the th copper bush, the second copper bush and the third copper bush are respectively provided with a corresponding cooling water cavity, a water inlet and a water outlet, the cooling water cavity is communicated with an external cooling device through the water outlet and the water inlet, and the th graphite plate, the second graphite plate and the third graphite plate are respectively embedded on the sides of the corresponding copper bushes .
- 7, A method for multi-metal step-type composite casting using the apparatus of claim 6, comprising the steps of:A. respectively smelting, refining and standing four alloys to be compounded, wherein the alloy at the th layer of the compound ingot casting is named as the th alloy, the alloy at the second layer is named as the second alloy, the alloy at the third layer is named as the third alloy, the alloy at the fourth layer is named as the fourth alloy, the solidification sequence of the four alloys determines the high and low positions of the side cooling water tank and each part of the dummy ingot, the side cooling water tank and the dummy ingot corresponding to the liquid alloy which is solidified first are higher in position, and the side cooling water tank and the dummy ingot corresponding to the liquid alloy which is solidified first are lower in;B. introducing cooling water into the initial cooling water tank, the four side cooling water tanks, the terminal cooling water tank and the cooling water cavity in the copper bush until the water flow is stable;C. pouring th liquid alloy into th molten bath cavity, raising the liquid level of th liquid alloy to 20mm from the top end of the hot top, keeping for 5s, pouring the second liquid alloy into the second molten bath cavity, starting a dummy ingot to move downwards when the liquid level of the second liquid alloy is raised to 20mm from the top end of the hot top, simultaneously pouring the third liquid alloy into the third molten bath cavity, raising the liquid level of the third liquid alloy to 30mm from the top end of the hot top, waiting for 5s, pouring the fourth liquid alloy into the fourth molten bath cavity, and raising the liquid level of the fourth liquid alloy to 40mm from the top end of the hot top;D. and (3) continuously supplying during casting, keeping the height of each alloy liquid level stable until the casting process is finished, wherein in the casting process, when the liquid level of any liquid alloys fluctuates obviously, the supply is stopped immediately, the casting process is interrupted, when the liquid level of liquid alloys rises obviously, the laminated alloy is not reduced normally, when the liquid level of the middle layer drops obviously, mixed flow is indicated, and when the liquid level of the outer layer drops obviously, aluminum leakage is indicated.
- 8. A multi-metal stepped composite casting method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pouring temperature of the liquid alloy is 710 to 860 ℃, the casting speed is 30 to 200mm/min, the amount of cooling water per meter of cooling plate in the initial cooling water tank is 40 to 200L/min, the amount of cooling water per meter of cooling plate in the th cooling plate cooling water cavity is 30 to 80L/min, the amount of cooling water per meter of cooling plate in the second cooling plate cooling water cavity is 30 to 60L/min, the amount of cooling water per meter of cooling plate in the third cooling plate cooling water cavity is 10 to 50L/min, and the amount of cooling water per meter of cooling plate in the terminal cooling water tank is 50 to 100L/min.
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| KR101136636B1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2012-04-18 | 노벨리스 인코퍼레이티드 | Method for casting composite ingot |
| EP2288456A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2011-03-02 | Novelis, Inc. | Oxide restraint during co-casting of metals |
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