CN107779201A - Liquid-crystal composition and liquid crystal display cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of liquid-crystal composition, include one or more type I compounds, compound shown in compound shown in one or more formulas II and one or more formulas III,

Description

Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display element or a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition.

Background

In the development process of the LCD, the liquid crystal for the LCD is developed toward a direction of faster response speed and better reliability, and the high-speed response characteristic of the liquid crystal mixture is derived from the corresponding physical parameters of the components, such as rotational viscosity gamma, elastic constant (K), and the like, and the monomer with high brightness point is also helpful for the combination and matching of the mixed crystal. Therefore, the ideal liquid crystal monomer has the characteristics of low gamma, high K, proper refractive index, high bright point and the like.

To achieve this feature, alkoxy groups are introduced into the molecular structure when designing the molecule, and in general, alkoxy groups are linked to the benzene ring to achieve the features of high K, low viscosity, wide nematic phase temperature range, etc.

Such as:

the invention overcomes the defect of alkoxy smectic as much as possible by matching the liquid crystal mixture, so that the alkoxy smectic becomes possible in the application of commercial liquid crystal, and the display speed of the liquid crystal can be greatly improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a nematic liquid crystal composition, which comprises alkoxy liquid crystal and other liquid crystal compositions, wherein the alkoxy liquid crystal compound exists in the compositions.

The invention provides a liquid crystal composition, which comprises one or more compounds shown as a formula I, one or more compounds shown as a formula II and one or more compounds shown as a formula III,

wherein,

R₁、R₂each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group, a cyclobutyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

R₃、R₄each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and the double bond is not directly bonded to a benzene ring;

R₅represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

(F) each independently represents H or F;

m represents 1, 2 or 3;

n represents 1 or 0;

q denotes F, OCF₃、CF₃、OCF₂H；

P represents methyl or H;

each independently represents one or two of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene, andwhen both represent phenylene, R₃、R₄Cannot represent an alkoxy group;

each independently represents one or more of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene;

represents phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

The liquid crystal composition provided by the invention has lower viscosity, higher clearing point and elastic constant, can realize quick response, and simultaneously has moderate dielectric anisotropy delta epsilon, moderate optical anisotropy delta n and high stability to heat and light. The liquid crystal display element or the liquid crystal display containing the liquid crystal composition has the characteristics of wide nematic phase temperature range, proper birefringence anisotropy, very high resistivity, good ultraviolet resistance, high charge retention rate, low vapor pressure and the like.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the one or more compounds shown as the formula I are one or more compounds shown as formulas I1 to I21; the one or more compounds shown as the formula II are one or more compounds shown as formulas II 1-II 9; the one or more compounds shown as the formula III are one or more compounds shown as formulas III 1-III 20

Wherein R is₃₁、R₄₁Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

wherein R is₅₁Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

The liquid crystal composition provided by the invention can also comprise one or more compounds shown as a formula IV

Wherein R is₆、R₇Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and the double bond is not directly bonded to a benzene ring, wherein any of the methylene groups may be substituted with a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

o represents 0, 1 or 2;

represents one or more of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

The one or more compounds of formula VI are preferably one or more of the following compounds IV 1 to IV 12,

wherein R is₆₁、R₇₁Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group.

The liquid crystal composition provided by the invention can also comprise one or more compounds shown as a formula V,

wherein R is₈Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

p and q each independently represent 0, 1 or 2;

z represents a single bond, -COO-, -CH₂O-or CH₂CH₂-；

U represents F or-OCF₃；

Each independently represents one or more of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

The one or more compounds of formula V are preferably one or more of the compounds of formulae V1-V15,

wherein R is₈₁Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

(F) each independently represents H or F.

The liquid crystal composition provided by the invention can also comprise one or more compounds shown as a formula VI

Wherein R is₉、R₁₀Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

s represents 1 or 2;

t represents 0, 1 or 2;

Z₁、Z₂each independently represents a single bond, -COO-, -CH₂O-or CH₂CH₂-；

Each independently represents cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

The one or more compounds of formula VI are preferably one or more of the compounds of formula VI 1 to VI 14,

wherein R is₉₁、R₁₀₁Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

The invention also relates to a liquid crystal display element or a liquid crystal display comprising any one of the liquid crystal compositions; the display element or display is an active matrix display element or display or a passive matrix display element or display.

The liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display is preferably an active matrix addressed liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display.

The active matrix display element or the display is specifically a TN-TFT or IPS-TFT liquid crystal display element or a display.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows:

the liquid crystal composition provided by the invention has lower viscosity, higher clearing point and elastic constant, can realize quick response, and simultaneously has moderate dielectric anisotropy delta epsilon, moderate optical anisotropy delta n and high stability to heat and light. The liquid crystal material containing the liquid crystal composition provided by the invention not only has good chemical and thermal stability, but also has good stability to electric fields and electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the liquid crystal material for thin film transistor technology (TFT-LCD) has the performances of wide nematic phase temperature range, proper birefringence anisotropy, very high resistivity, good ultraviolet resistance, high charge retention rate, low vapor pressure and the like.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The method is a conventional method unless otherwise specified.

The starting materials are commercially available from the open literature unless otherwise specified.

The percentages are not specifically indicated, and are all mass percentages.

The temperature is in degrees centigrade (DEG C), and the specific meanings and test conditions of other symbols are as follows:

cp represents a liquid crystal clearing point (DEG C), and is measured by a DSC quantitative method;

S-N represents the crystalline to nematic melting point (. degree. C.) of the liquid crystal;

delta n represents optical anisotropy, no is the refractive index of ordinary light, ne is the refractive index of extraordinary light, the test conditions are 25 +/-2 ℃, 589nm and the Abbe refractometer tests;

Δ ε represents the dielectric anisotropy, Δ ε/ε ⊥, where ε/is the dielectric constant parallel to the molecular axis, ε ⊥ is the dielectric constant perpendicular to the molecular axis, the test conditions were 25. + -. 0.5 ℃, 20 μm parallel box, INSTEC: ALCT-IR1 test;

γ 1 represents rotational viscosity (mPa. multidot.s) at 25. + -. 0.5 ℃ in a 20 μm parallel cell INSTEC: ALCT-IR1 test;

rho represents resistivity (omega cm), the test condition is 25 +/-2 ℃, and the test instrument is a TOYO SR6517 high-impedance instrument and an LE-21 liquid electrode.

VHR represents the voltage holding ratio (%), and the test conditions are 20 +/-2 ℃, voltage +/-5V, pulse width 10ms and voltage holding time 16.7 ms. The testing equipment is a TOYO Model6254 liquid crystal performance comprehensive tester.

Tau represents response time (ms), the test instrument is DMS-501, the test condition is 25 +/-0.5 ℃, the test box is a 3.3-micrometer IPS test box, the electrode spacing and the electrode width are both 10 micrometers, and the included angle between the friction direction and the electrode is 10 degrees.

T (%) represents transmittance, T (%) is 100% bright state (Vop) brightness/light source brightness, the test device DMS501, the test conditions are 25 ± 0.5 ℃, the test cell is a 3.3 μm IPS test cell, the electrode spacing and the electrode width are both 10 μm, and the angle between the rubbing direction and the electrodes is 10 °

The liquid crystal monomer structure of the embodiment of the invention is represented by codes, and the code representation methods of the liquid crystal ring structure, the end group and the connecting group are shown in the following tables (I) and (II)

Table (one): corresponding code of ring structure

Table (ii): corresponding codes for end groups and linking groups

Examples are:

C(5)CCV1

3B B(3F)B(3F,5F)CF₂OB(3F,4F,5F)

example 1:

example 2:

example 3:

example 4:

example 5:

example 6:

comparative example 1:

in comparative example 1, the following steps were carried out in comparison with example 1Component I-5 BBO2 was replaced with 5BB1, with a significant decrease in Cp, K₁₁The refractive index and the rotational viscosity are almost unchanged from 24.8 in example 1 to 14.9 in comparative example 1, the response speed is deteriorated, and the liquid crystal phase temperature range is narrowed.

Therefore, 5BBO2 can obviously improve the response speed and widen the use temperature range of the liquid crystal device compared with 5BB 1.

Claims (9)

1. A liquid crystal composition comprising one or more compounds of formula I, one or more compounds of formula II and one or more compounds of formula III,

wherein,

R₁、R₂each independently represents a C1-10 chain alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted C1-10 chain alkyl groupAn alkyl group of (2) to (10) carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group of (2) to (10) carbon atoms, and any of methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group, a cyclobutyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

R₃、R₄each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and the double bond is not directly bonded to a benzene ring;

R₅represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

(F) each independently represents H or F;

m represents 1, 2 or 3;

n represents 1 or 0;

q denotes F, OCF₃、CF₃、OCF₂H；

P represents methyl or H;

each independently represents one or two of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene, andwhen both represent phenylene, R₃、R₄Cannot represent an alkoxy group;

each independently represents one or more of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene;

represents phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

2. A liquid-crystal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more compounds of formula I are one or more compounds of formulae I1 to I21, the one or more compounds of formula II are one or more compounds of formulae II 1 to II 9, and the one or more compounds of formula III are one or more compounds of formulae III 1 to III 20

Wherein R is₃₁、R₄₁Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

wherein R is₅₁Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

3. The liquid crystal composition of claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more compounds of formula IV

Wherein,

R₆、R₇each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and the double bond is not directly bonded to a benzene ring, wherein any of the methylene groups may be substituted with a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

o represents 0, 1 or 2;

represents one or more of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

4. The liquid crystal composition of claim 3, wherein the one or more compounds of formula IV are one or more compounds of formulae IV 1-IV 12,

wherein R is₆₁、R₇₁Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be cyclopentylatedAlkyl or cyclopropyl.

5. The liquid crystal composition of claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more compounds of formula V,

wherein R is₈Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

p and q each independently represent 0, 1 or 2;

z represents a single bond, -COO-, -CH₂O-or CH₂CH₂-；

U represents F or-OCF₃；

Each independently represents one or more of cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

6. The liquid crystal composition of claim 5, wherein the one or more compounds of formula V are one or more compounds of formulae V1-V15,

wherein R is₈₁Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

(F) each independently represents H or F.

7. The liquid crystal composition of claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or more compounds of formula VI

Wherein R is₉、R₁₀Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and any of the methylene groups may be replaced by a cyclopentyl group or a cyclopropyl group;

s represents 1 or 2;

t represents 0, 1 or 2;

Z₁、Z₂each independently represents a single bond, -COO-, -CH₂O-or CH₂CH₂-；

Each independently represents cyclohexylene, cyclohexenylene, phenylene and/or fluorophenylene.

8. The liquid crystal composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein the one or more compounds of the formula VI are one or more compounds of the formulae VI 1 to VI 14,

wherein R is₉₁、R₁₀₁Each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a fluorine-substituted alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or a fluorine-substituted alkenyloxy group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

9. A liquid crystal display element or a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the display element or the display is an active matrix display element or a display or a passive matrix display element or a display.