CN107765187A - A kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method - Google Patents
A kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107765187A CN107765187A CN201711125026.9A CN201711125026A CN107765187A CN 107765187 A CN107765187 A CN 107765187A CN 201711125026 A CN201711125026 A CN 201711125026A CN 107765187 A CN107765187 A CN 107765187A
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- lithium battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method, including battery equivalent circuit model is established, recurrence number is set；Gather the real-time voltage and real-time current parameter of battery；Battery real-time voltage and real-time current parameter are input in the equivalent-circuit model of battery；The model parameter of equivalent-circuit model is updated by least square method；Judge whether recurrence number reaches requirement, export the state-of-charge estimated value of lithium battery.The present invention combines least square method and Kalman filtering algorithm is accurately estimated the SOC of lithium battery, utilize the SOC at Kalman filtering algorithm estimation lithium battery current time, utilize least square method, and the model parameter of battery equivalent circuit model is updated according to the SOC of last time, equivalent-circuit model is adjusted according to the change of battery practical application operating mode, improve the precision of lithium battery charge state value estimation.The invention is used to estimate lithium battery charge state value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium batteries, more specifically to a kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method.
Background technology
The fast development of modern industry causes the demand of petroleum resources growing, and the problem of environmental pollution of initiation causes
The concern of each side, as the power resources of new energy-conserving and environment-protective, lithium battery has been applied to the fields such as industry, daily life,
It is particularly evident in electric automobile industry.As the energy source of electric automobile, the management of lithium battery is heavy to closing to electric automobile
Want, to make full use of the energy of each section dynamic lithium battery on electric automobile, it is desirable to lithium battery is reasonably managed, it is accurate
The state-of-charge (SOC) of true acquisition lithium battery has turned into the important step of lithium battery management.In order that electric automobile obtains more
Large-scale popularization, it is necessary to give full play to the power performance of lithium battery system, improve security that it uses, prevent lithium battery mistake
Fill or cross and put, extend the service life of lithium battery, optimization drives and improve the performance of electric automobile, lithium battery management system
(BMS) state-of-charge (SOC) of lithium battery will accurately be estimated.
But in the prior art, the SOC of lithium battery can not be directly measured during practical application, and main cause exists
In inherently a kind of nonlinear system of lithium battery system.There is a kind of definition according to state-of-charge to carry out in the prior art
Evaluation method, due to need constant current and it is temperature-resistant under conditions of, therefore this method be difficult meet battery actually use work
Condition, and the rated capacity of lithium battery is influenceed by discharge-rate, use environment temperature, history operating mode etc., is not constant
Constant, so so more it is the increase in the estimation difficulty of SOC.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of lithium battery charge state based on Kalman filtering algorithm is provided to estimate
Calculation method.
The present invention solve its technical problem solution be：
A kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method, comprises the following steps：
Step A. establishes the battery equivalent circuit model based on Kalman filtering algorithm, sets recurrence number, and initialize
The model parameter of the equivalent-circuit model, the equivalent-circuit model are described using state equation and measurement equation；
Step B. gathers the real-time voltage and real-time current parameter of battery；
Step C. is by t=tnThe battery real-time voltage and real-time current parameter at moment are input to the equivalent circuit mould of battery
In type, the state-of-charge estimated value at the state equation output lithium battery moment of the equivalent-circuit model, measurement equation output
The open-circuit voltage measured value at the lithium battery moment；
Step D. utilizes t=tnThe state-of-charge estimated value and open-circuit voltage measured value of moment lithium battery, pass through minimum
Square law updates the model parameter of equivalent-circuit model；
Step E. judges whether recurrence number reaches requirement, if it is not, return to step B, another n=n+1, if it is, lithium
Battery charge state estimation terminates, and exports the state-of-charge estimated value of lithium battery.
As the further improvement of such scheme, in the step A, the state equation for describing equivalent-circuit model is
Expression formula 1, Xn=φN, n-1Xn-1+Γn-1Wn-1, wherein XnIt is lithium battery t=tnThe state-of-charge estimated value at moment, φN, n-1It is
Matrix of shifting of a step, Γn-1Be state equation noise driving matrix, Wn-1It is the noise vector of state equation；For description etc.
The measurement equation for imitating circuit model is expression formula 2, Zn=HnXn+Vn, wherein ZnIt is lithium battery t=tnThe open-circuit voltage measurement at moment
Value, HnIt is calculation matrix, VnMeasure the error vector of equation；The model parameter of the equivalent-circuit model refers to φN, n-1With
Hn。
As the further improvement of such scheme, the step D comprises the following steps：
Step D1. obtains state-of-charge matrix X and open-circuit voltage matrix Z, wherein Xk=φK, k-1Xk-1, Zk=HkXk, its
Middle k=0,1,2,3......n；
Step D2. solves least square method estimation coefficient matrix B according to formula 3,
Wherein k=0,1,2,3......n；
Step D3. estimates coefficient matrix B according to least square method, updates the model parameter φ of equivalent-circuit modelN, n-1With
Hn。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention combines the lotus of least square method and Kalman filtering algorithm to lithium battery
Electricity condition value is accurately estimated, the SOC at lithium battery current time is estimated first with Kalman filtering algorithm,
Least square method is utilized afterwards, and battery equivalent circuit model is updated according to the SOC and open-circuit voltage of last time
Model parameter, equivalent-circuit model is adjusted according to the change of battery practical application operating mode, improve lithium battery
The precision of SOC estimation.The invention is used to estimate lithium battery charge state value.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described.Obviously, described accompanying drawing is the part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than is all implemented
Example, those skilled in the art on the premise of not paying creative work, can also obtain other designs according to these accompanying drawings
Scheme and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the charge state estimation method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Carried out below with reference to the design of embodiment and accompanying drawing to the present invention, concrete structure and caused technique effect clear
Chu, complete description, to be completely understood by the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.Obviously, described embodiment is this hair
Bright part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments, based on embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art is not paying
The other embodiment obtained on the premise of creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Reference picture 1, the invention disclose a kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method, comprised the following steps：
Step A. establishes the battery equivalent circuit model based on Kalman filtering algorithm, sets recurrence number, and initialize
The model parameter of the equivalent-circuit model, the equivalent-circuit model are described using state equation and measurement equation；
Step B. gathers the real-time voltage and real-time current parameter of battery；
Step C. is by t=tnThe battery real-time voltage and real-time current parameter at moment are input to the equivalent circuit mould of battery
In type, the state-of-charge estimated value at the state equation output lithium battery moment of the equivalent-circuit model, measurement equation output
The open-circuit voltage measured value at the lithium battery moment；
Step D. utilizes t=tnThe state-of-charge estimated value and open-circuit voltage measured value of moment lithium battery, pass through minimum
Square law updates the model parameter of equivalent-circuit model；
Step E. judges whether recurrence number reaches requirement, if it is not, return to step B, another n=n+1, if it is, lithium
Battery charge state estimation terminates, and exports the state-of-charge estimated value of lithium battery.
Specifically, the present invention combines least square method and Kalman filtering algorithm and the SOC of lithium battery is carried out
Accurately estimation, the SOC at lithium battery current time is estimated first with Kalman filtering algorithm, utilize minimum afterwards
Square law, and according to the state-of-charge estimated value and lithium battery open-circuit voltage measured value of last time, update battery equivalent electric
The model parameter of road model, equivalent-circuit model is adjusted according to the change of battery practical application operating mode, improve
The precision of lithium battery charge state value estimation, while can also ensure that the precision of lithium battery charge state value estimation will not be with
The change of lithium battery applications operating mode and shift.
Preferred embodiment is further used as, in the invention embodiment, in the step A, for retouching
The state equation for stating equivalent-circuit model is expression formula 1, Xn=φN, n-1Xn-1+Γn-1Wn-1, wherein XnIt is lithium battery t=tnMoment
State-of-charge estimated value, φN, n-1It is Matrix of shifting of a step, Γn-1Be state equation noise driving matrix, Wn-1It is state side
The noise vector of journey；Measurement equation for describing equivalent-circuit model is expression formula 2, Zn=HnXn+Vn, wherein ZnIt is lithium battery
T=tnThe open-circuit voltage measured value at moment, HnIt is calculation matrix, VnMeasure the error vector of equation；The equivalent-circuit model
Model parameter refers to φN, n-1And Hn.The invention describes lithium battery equivalent-circuit model using Kalman filter equation, profit
With Kalman filtering algorithm to being handled containing noisy observation data, the essence of lithium battery charge state estimated value is effectively improved
Accuracy.
Preferred embodiment is further used as, the step D is used for the charged shape of lithium battery according to all moment in past
The model parameter of state estimated value and open-circuit voltage measured value renewal equivalent-circuit model.Specifically, the step D includes following
Step：
Step D1. obtains state-of-charge matrix X and open-circuit voltage matrix Z, wherein Xk=φK, k-1Xk-1, Zk=HkXk, its
Middle k=0,1,2,3......n；
Step D2. solves least square method estimation coefficient matrix B according to formula 3,
Wherein k=0,1,2,3......n；
Step D3. estimates coefficient matrix B according to least square method, updates the model parameter φ of equivalent-circuit modelN, n-1With
Hn。
The better embodiment of the present invention is illustrated above, but the invention is not limited to the implementation
Example, those skilled in the art can also make a variety of equivalent modifications on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention or replace
Change, these equivalent modifications or replacement are all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step A. establishes the battery equivalent circuit model based on Kalman filtering algorithm, sets recurrence number, and described in initialization
The model parameter of equivalent-circuit model, the equivalent-circuit model are described using state equation and measurement equation；
Step B. gathers the real-time voltage and real-time current parameter of battery；
Step C. is by t=tnThe battery real-time voltage and real-time current parameter at moment are input in the equivalent-circuit model of battery,
The state-of-charge estimated value at the state equation output lithium battery moment of the equivalent-circuit model, measurement equation output lithium battery
The open-circuit voltage measured value at the moment；
Step D. utilizes t=tnThe state-of-charge estimated value and open-circuit voltage measured value of moment lithium battery, pass through least square method
Update the model parameter of equivalent-circuit model；
Step E. judges whether recurrence number reaches requirement, if it is not, return to step B, another n=n+1, if it is, lithium battery
State-of-charge estimation terminates, and exports the state-of-charge estimated value of lithium battery.
A kind of 2. lithium battery charge state evaluation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step A, use
In description equivalent-circuit model state equation be expression formula 1, Xn=φN, n-1Xn-1+Γn-1Wn-1, wherein XnIt is lithium battery t=tn
The state-of-charge estimated value at moment, φN, n-1It is Matrix of shifting of a step, Γn-1Be state equation noise driving matrix, Wn-1It is shape
The noise vector of state equation；Measurement equation for describing equivalent-circuit model is expression formula 2, Zn=HnXn+Vn, wherein ZnIt is lithium
Battery t=tnThe open-circuit voltage measured value at moment, HnIt is calculation matrix, VnMeasure the error vector of equation；The equivalent circuit mould
The model parameter of type refers to φN, n-1And Hn。
3. a kind of lithium battery charge state evaluation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step D includes
Following steps：
Step D1. obtains state-of-charge matrix XkAnd open-circuit voltage matrix Zk, wherein Xk=φK, k-1Xk-1, Zk=HkXk, wherein k
=0,1,2,3......n；
Step D2. solves least square method estimation coefficient matrix B according to formula 3,Wherein k
=0,1,2,3......n；
Step D3. estimates coefficient matrix B according to least square method, updates the model parameter φ of equivalent-circuit modelN, n-1And Hn。
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| CN110867620B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2021-12-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery protection method, battery protection device and electronic equipment |
| CN117728075A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Self-heating method and heating device for lithium ion battery in low-temperature environment |
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Application publication date: 20180306 |