CN107732227A - Lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery - Google Patents
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- CN107732227A CN107732227A CN201710824992.3A CN201710824992A CN107732227A CN 107732227 A CN107732227 A CN 107732227A CN 201710824992 A CN201710824992 A CN 201710824992A CN 107732227 A CN107732227 A CN 107732227A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery.The lithium ion battery includes positive pole, negative pole and electrolyte, and positive active material is selected from rich lithium material and its compound, and negative electrode active material is selected from silica-base material.Lithium ion battery provided by the invention has the characteristics of specific capacity is high, voltage is high, security is good, higher than energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power lithium-ion battery field, and in particular to a kind of lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery.
Background technology
As people are to the growing of energy demand and to the continuous of society and economy sustainable development understanding of importance
In-depth, the power lithium-ion battery with the characteristics of green and efficient high energy are increasingly valued by people.In new energy
The application of the high frontier such as automobile, unmanned plane, intelligent robot, intelligent grid is more and more extensive, and effect is also more and more important.It is dynamic
Power type lithium battery is efficient, portable, light, the sufficient Large Copacity for aiming at such as design such as electric automobile, unmanned plane of mobile machine
Lithium battery group, starts immediate current and requires larger, requires higher to battery stream time.Therefore to the peace of lithium ion battery
Quan Xing, energy density, power density, cycle life, price, environment-friendly etc. are proposed requirements at the higher level.However, at present
Power lithium-ion battery system in terms of specific capacity, specific power, service life, cost, many urgently to be resolved hurrily asks also be present
Topic.Therefore, exploitation good, higher than energy, good cycle the power lithium-ion battery of design safety is necessary and urgent.
Anode material for lithium-ion batteries is one of important component of lithium ion battery, and its research and development directly influences
Lithium ion battery overall performance.Currently used positive electrode has two classes：First kind stratified material LiMO2(M Ni, Co, Mn and
It is combined), its actual specific capacity is generally less than 180mAh/g, the second spinel-like structural material LiMn2O4, olivine structural material
Expect LiFePO4, its theoretical specific capacity respectively only have 148mAh/g and 170mAh/g, can not all meet the follow-up development need of lithium battery
Ask (energy density is more than 300Wh/kg).Rich lithium material xLi2MO3·(1-x)LiM’O2(0 ＜ x ＜ 1, one of M Mn, Ti, Zr
Or any combination, M ' are one of Mn, Ni, Co or any combination) theoretical specific capacity be more than 300mAh/g, actual specific capacity is more than
250mAh/g, it is high (about 4.4V) relative to lithium electrode potential, and the cost of raw material is relatively low, be expected to turn into height ratio capacity of new generation,
High-tension positive electrode.
In addition, negative material is also an important factor for influenceing lithium ion battery overall performance.At present, it is commercially use negative
Pole material is mostly graphite cathode material.Such negative material has good charge and discharge platform and structural stability, but in fact
Border specific discharge capacity (about 330mAh/g) can not meet lithium ion battery of new generation close to its theoretical value (372mAh/g)
Demand.Therefore, the negative material for developing, designing novel high-capacity is extremely urgent.Silica-base material is due to the theoretical ratio with superelevation
Capacity (highest 4200mAh/g) and relatively low de- lithium current potential (about 0.4V vs Li/Li+), and the voltage platform of silicon is slightly above stone
Ink, it is difficult to cause surface to analyse lithium in charging, security performance is more preferable, and silicon rich reserves on earth, and cost is relatively low, thus
As one of rich potential selection as the carbon-based negative pole upgrading of lithium ion battery.
Therefore, using rich lithium material and its compound as positive electrode, using silica-base material as negative material, design, grind
Study carefully, develop Novel high-specific capacity flexible, high voltage, high security, the rich lithium material of high-energy-density and its compound/silica-base material and move
Power lithium ion battery has important scientific meaning and commercial application value.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery.
The present invention provides a kind of lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery, comprising positive pole, negative pole, barrier film and electrolyte,
It is characterized in that：
Positive active material is used as using rich lithium material and its compound.
Described rich lithium material includes：Meet chemical expression xLi2MO3·(1-x)LiM′O2(0 ＜ x ＜ 1, M Mn,
One of Ti, Zr or any combination, M ' are one of Mn, Ni, Co or any combination) one or more materials.
Described rich lithium material compound is at least selected from：Rich lithium material/carbon complex, rich lithium material/metal ion mixing
Compound, rich lithium material/non-metal compound, rich lithium material/conductive polymer composite.
Carbon in described rich lithium material/carbon complex comprises at least porous, electrically conductive carbon black (Ketjenblack
EC600JD), micropore superconduction carbon black (BP2000), carbon nano-fiber (CNFs), ordered mesopore carbon (OMC), porous carbon (CMK-3),
Graphene oxide (GO), graphene (Graphene) etc. have one kind in the carbon material of high-specific surface area and superior electrical conductivity energy
It is or several.
Doped ions in described rich lithium material/metal ion mixing compound comprise at least：Mg2+, K2+, Ca2+, Sr2 +, Ba2+, Sc3+, Y3+, Ln3+, Ti4+, Zr4+, Hf4+, V4+, V3+, V2+, Ta3+, Cr3+, Mo3+, W3+, Mn2+, Mn3+, Re3+, Re2+, Fe3 +, Fe2+, Ru3+, Os3+, Os2+, Co3+, Co2+, Rh2+, Rh+, Ir2+, Ir+, Ni2+, Ni+, Pd2+, Pd+, Pt+, Cu2+, Cu+, Ag+,
Au+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, Si4+, Si2+, Ge4+, Ge2+, Sn4+, Sn2+, Pb4+, Pb2+In one kind or several
Kind, wherein Ln3+Represent lanthanide ion：La3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+,
Tm3+, Yb3+, Lu3+。
Nonmetallic substance in described rich lithium material/non-metal compound comprises at least：Al2O3, AlPO4, RuO2,
CeO2, ZrO2, SiO2, ZnO, AlF3, MnOx, Co3(PO4)2, LiCoPO4, TiO2, V2O5, CeF3, Li3VO8, Li4Mn5O12In
It is one or several kinds of.
Conducting polymer in described rich lithium material/conductive polymer composite comprises at least：Polyaniline (PANi), gather
The conducting polymers such as pyrroles (PPy), polythiophene (PTh), poly- (3,4-rthylene dioxythiophene)/polystyrolsulfon acid (PEDOT/PSS)
One or more in thing.
Negative electrode active material is used as using silica-base material.
Described silica-base material is at least selected from：Silicon, silicon/metal composite, silicon/non-metal compound, silicon/carbon complex.
Metal in described silicon/metal composite comprises at least one kind or several in Fe, Mn, Cu, Mg, Ca, Sn, Ni
Kind.
Described silicon/non-metal compound comprises at least Si/SiOx, Si/TiN compounds, Si/TiB2Compound, Si/
Si3N4One or more in compound.
Described silicon/carbon complex comprises at least：Silicon/agraphitic carbon, silicon/porous carbon complex, silicon/CNT are compound
Thing, silicon/graphene complex, silicon/carbon black compound, silicon/graphite composite, silicon/carbonaceous mesophase spherules compound.Porous carbon can
Selected from the carbon material containing at least one of macropore, mesoporous, micropore.One or more of the carbon black in acetylene black, Ketjen black.
One or more of the graphite in native graphite, electrographite, modified graphite.
Negative electrode binder is used as using water based adhesive.Water based adhesive is at least selected from：Gelatin, sodium alginate, carboxymethyl are fine
Tie up plain sodium (CMC)/butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), polyacrylate multiple copolymer.
The method for preparing the lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery is, by the electricity containing silicon-based anode active material
Pole matches as negative pole with rich lithium material and its compound positive pole.
The form of above-mentioned lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery can be：It is button cell, 18650 cylindrical batteries, soft
Bag battery, box hat square battery.
Compared with prior art, lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery provided by the invention is, rich lithium material and its
Compound positive pole-silica-base material negative electrode lithium ion battery, there is the spy that security is good, specific capacity is high, voltage is high, higher than energy
Point.The theoretical specific capacity of lithium-rich anode material is more than 300mAh/g, and actual specific capacity is more than 250mAh/g, relative to lithium electrode electricity
Gesture height (about 4.4V), and cost is cheap, is expected to turn into height ratio capacity of new generation, high-tension positive electrode.
In addition, silicon based anode material relative to the voltage platform of lithium metal in 0.4V or so, it is more slightly higher than graphite, it is difficult to cause
Lithium is analysed on surface, and security is good；Moreover, silicon and lithium can form Li12Si7、Li13Si4、Li7Si3、Li15Si4、Li22Si5Deng alloy, reason
By specific capacity highest (Li22Si5) 4200 MAhs/g can be reached.The use of high power capacity silicon-based anode improves full battery
Energy density.Moreover, silicon based anode material abundance, cheap, there is potential application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the charging and discharging curve of lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode in embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
Not limited to this.
Experimental method described in following embodiments, it is conventional method unless otherwise specified；The reagent and material, such as
Without specified otherwise, commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1, the assembling of lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode and its electrochemical property test.
(1) preparation of positive pole
By Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2: carbon black: binding agent=(8.5): (1): the ratio (mass ratio) of (0.5) is mixed
Close, after being well mixed, coated on aluminium collector, after vacuum dried, section, obtain anode pole piece.
(2) preparation of negative pole
According to silicon/carbon complex: carbon black: binding agent (sodium alginate)=(7.5): (2): the ratio (mass ratio) of (0.5)
Mixing, after being well mixed, coated on copper current collector, after forced air drying, section, obtain cathode pole piece.
(3) assembling of full battery
Microporous polypropylene membrane Celgard2300 (celgard barrier films Co., Ltd of the U.S.) is inserted between a positive electrode and a negative electrode
As barrier film, carbonic ester electrolyte [1M LiPF are added6The DMC (dimethyl carbonate) of (lithium hexafluoro phosphate)/EC (ethene carbonic acid
Ester)/PC (propene carbonate) (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) solution].
(4) test of full battery
The full battery of above-mentioned assembling is subjected to charge-discharge test on charge-discharge test instrument, the discharge and recharge section of test is
2.0-4.4V.Test temperature is 25 DEG C, and the quality that battery capacity and charging and discharging currents are based on positive electrode is calculated.Fig. 1
It is the Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2Charging and discharging curve of the full battery of-silicon/carbon under the conditions of 0.1C, first discharge specific capacity
232mAh/g can be reached.
Embodiment 2, the assembling of titanium doped lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode and its chemical property are surveyed
Examination.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, and the difference is that only positive active material is titanium doped lithium-rich manganese-based anode
Material (Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.07Ti0.03O2), lithium ion battery is assembled into silicon/carbon negative pole material, full battery is measured and exists
Discharge capacity under the conditions of 0.1C is 200mAh/g.
Embodiment 3, the assembling of Rare Earth Lanthanum lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode and its chemical property are surveyed
Examination.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, the difference is that only that positive active material is lithium-rich manganese-based for rear earth lanthanum doping
Positive electrode (Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.10La0.02O2), lithium ion battery is assembled into silicon/carbon negative pole material, measures full battery
Discharge capacity under the conditions of 0.1C is 253mAh/g.
Embodiment 4, Al2O3Coat assembling and its chemical property of lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode
Test.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, and the difference is that only positive active material is Al2O3Covering amount is 5% richness
Lithium manganese-based anode material Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2-Al2O3, lithium ion battery is assembled into silicon/carbon negative pole material, is measured
Full discharge capacity of the battery under the conditions of 0.1C is 216mAh/g.
Embodiment 5, LiCoPO4Coat assembling and its electrochemistry of lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode
Can test.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, and the difference is that only positive active material is LiCoPO4Covering amount is 5%
Lithium-rich manganese-based anode material (Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2-LiCoPO4), it is assembled into lithium-ion electric with silicon/carbon negative pole material
Pond, it is 223mAh/g to measure discharge capacity of the full battery under the conditions of 0.1C.
Embodiment 6, the assembling of polyaniline (PANi) cladding lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/Carbon anode and its electricity
Chemical property is tested.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, and the difference is that only positive active material is polyaniline (PANi) covering amount
For 7% lithium-rich manganese-based anode material (Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2- PANi), it is assembled into lithium ion with silicon/carbon negative pole material
Battery, it is 186mAh/g to measure discharge capacity of the full battery under the conditions of 0.1C.
The assembling of embodiment 7, lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-full battery of silicon/silicon dioxide negative pole and its chemical property are surveyed
Examination.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, and the difference is that only negative electrode active material is Si/SiO2Negative material, with
Lithium-rich manganese-based anode material (Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2) lithium ion battery is assembled into, full battery is measured under the conditions of 0.1C
Discharge capacity be 195mAh/g.
Embodiment 8, the assembling of lithium-rich manganese base material positive pole-silicon/full battery of nitridation silicium cathode and its electrochemical property test.
Other conditions are same as Example 1, and the difference is that only negative electrode active material is Si/Si3N4Compound M negative poles material
Material, with lithium-rich manganese-based anode material (Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2) lithium ion battery is assembled into, full battery is measured in 0.1C
Under the conditions of discharge capacity be 180mAh/g.
In summary, lithium-rich manganese-based its lithium-rich anode material of height ratio capacity lithium ion battery provided by the invention has specific volume
Measure height, to the characteristics of lithium current potential is high, cost is low, be expected to turn into high voltage of new generation, high power capacity, the positive electrode of high-energy-density.
Silicon-based anode has the specific capacity of superelevation and excellent security, and the raw material of silicon-based anode is easy to get, and cost is relatively low, thus this
Rich lithium material positive pole-silicon-based anode battery of invention is expected to a kind of accumulator good as new security and that energy density is high
Part, have a good application prospect.The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention
Scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art very easily can be become accordingly according to the central scope and spirit of the present invention
Logical or modification, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain required by claims.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery, includes positive pole, negative pole, barrier film and electrolyte, it is characterised in that：Institute
The active material of positive pole is stated with rich lithium material and its compound, the active material of the negative pole is silica-base material.
2. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described rich lithium material
Including meeting chemical expression xLi2MO3·(1-x)LiM′O2(0 ＜ x ＜ 1, one of M Mn, Ti, Zr or any combination, M ' are
One of Mn, Ni, Co or any combination) one or more.
3. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described rich lithium material
Compound is at least selected from：Rich lithium material/carbon complex, rich lithium material/metal ion mixing compound, rich lithium material/nonmetallic
Compound, rich lithium material/conductive polymer composite.
4. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described rich lithium material
Carbon in material/carbon complex comprises at least porous, electrically conductive carbon black (Ketjenblack EC600JD), micropore superconduction carbon black
(BP2000), carbon nano-fiber (CNFs), ordered mesopore carbon (OMC), porous carbon (CMK-3), graphene oxide (GO), graphene
Etc. (Graphene) have high-specific surface area and superior electrical conductivity can carbon material in one or several kinds.
5. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described rich lithium material
Doped ions in material/metal ion mixing compound comprise at least：Mg2+, K2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Sc3+, Y3+, Ln3+, Ti4 +, Zr4+, Hf4+, V4+, V3+, V2+, Ta3+, Cr3+, Mo3+, W3+, Mn2+, Mn3+, Re3+, Re2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Ru3+, Os3+, Os2 +, Co3+, Co2+, Rh2+, Rh+, Ir2+, Ir+, Ni2+, Ni+, Pd2+, Pd+, Pt+, Cu2+, Cu+, Ag+, Au+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+,
Al3+, Ga3+, In3+, Si4+, Si2+, Ge4+, Ge2+, Sn4+, Sn2+, Pb4+, Pb2+In one or more, wherein Ln3+Represent group of the lanthanides
Element ion：La3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+, Lu3+。
6. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described rich lithium material
Nonmetallic substance in material/non-metal compound comprises at least：Al2O3, AlPO4, RuO2, CeO2, ZrO2, SiO2, ZnO, AlF3,
MnOx, Co3(PO4)2, LiCoPO4, TiO2, V2O5, CeF3, Li3VO8, Li4Mn5O12In one or several kinds.
7. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described rich lithium material
Conducting polymer in material/conductive polymer composite comprises at least：Polyaniline (PANi), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene
(PTh) it is a kind of or more in the conducting polymers such as, poly- (3,4-rthylene dioxythiophene)/polystyrolsulfon acid (PEDOT/PSS)
Kind.
8. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described silica-base material
At least it is selected from：Silicon, silicon/metal composite, silicon/non-metal compound, silicon/carbon complex.
9. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Described silicon/metal
Metal in compound comprises at least the one or more in Fe, Mn, Cu, Mg, Ca, Sn, Ni.
10. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Described silicon/non-gold
Category compound comprises at least Si/SiOx, Si/TiN compounds, Si/TiB2Compound, Si/Si3N4One kind or several in compound
Kind.
11. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Described silicon/carbon is multiple
Compound comprises at least：Silicon/agraphitic carbon, silicon/porous carbon complex, silicon/carbon mano-tube composite, silicon/graphene complex,
Silicon/carbon black compound, silicon/graphite composite, silicon/carbonaceous mesophase spherules compound.
12. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：With water based adhesive
As negative electrode binder.
13. lithium-rich manganese-based height ratio capacity lithium ion battery according to claim 12, it is characterised in that：The aqueous binder
Agent is at least selected from：Gelatin, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)/butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), polyacrylate multi-component copolymer
Thing.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112421000A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-26 | 上海交通大学 | Double-coated lithium-manganese-rich base material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116093303A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-09 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Sodium-lanthanum co-doped modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107104246A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-08-29 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Voltage drop suppression type lithium-rich manganese-based full battery and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103560250A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-05 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Lithium ion battery adopting lithium-rich manganese-based material as positive electrode and preparation method of lithium ion battery |
| CN107104246A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-08-29 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Voltage drop suppression type lithium-rich manganese-based full battery and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112421000A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-26 | 上海交通大学 | Double-coated lithium-manganese-rich base material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116093303A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-05-09 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Sodium-lanthanum co-doped modified lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode material and preparation method thereof |
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