CN107621122A - A kind of greenwood drying means - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of greenwood drying means, including prepare greenwood, formulate drying schedule, sawn timber preheating, the regulation of hothouse temperature and humidity, mid-term processing, end of a period processing, draw off greenwood place it is to be cooled, into steps such as storehouses, the advantage of the invention is that：1. the drying traditional at present time-consuming 3 months time can be shortened to 1 week or so, greatly shorten time and the fund cost of the circulation of cabinet-wood, lifted market competitive power for enterprise and economic benefit makes significant contribution；2. deformation rate is 7% 8% during post-production compared to the dry greenwood of traditional drying kiln drying, and the deformation rate of the greenwood dried by present invention phase after processing only has 3% 5%, substantially increases the utilization rate of greenwood；3. compared with common dry kiln, insecticidal effect is more obvious, and greenwood color and luster is more bright-coloured；4. in the end check rate of later stage greenwood be 20% 26% compared to the dry greenwood of traditional drying kiln drying, and end check rate of the greenwood dried by the present invention in the later stage only has 10% 15%, greatly reduces the loss of greenwood, improves the utilization rate of greenwood.

Description

A kind of greenwood drying means

Technical field：

The present invention relates to wood protection and modified field, specially a kind of method for drying wood.

Background technology：

Timber is the raw material for being widely used in production and living, it has, and material is light, aesthetic feeling is strong, easy processing, renewable degraded, day So, the characteristics of sense of touch is comfortable.Our life be unable to do without timber, even today that modern architecture is increasingly in fashion, building, dress Repair, decorate, the demand of timber is also increasingly being increased.Particularly Chinese upholstery material is also solid wood mostly, consumption It is huge.With the popularization of artificial board, although relative to the demand of timber in upholstery reduced, still maintain one compared with High-order demanding criteria.The application of solid wood simultaneously more requires there is higher requirement in wooden, processing etc., meets high-end market To the demand of solid wood.But the physical attribute of timber in itself but has unstable, yielding, inflammable, perishable, the easy mill of size The shortcomings of damage.People should be said in order that timber breaks away from its bad physical attribute and done many work, research of technique.Especially It is the reduction that the maximum aqueous degree of timber is influenceed on wood property.Dried from local method, to low temperature dehumidification seasoning, although can solve The problem of certainly timber water content reduces, but poorly efficient, high energy consumption, defective product rate is easily sent out and takes the problems such as very long, all to operation Person brings very big economic loss.The common aqueous greenwood in 30-40%, its aqueous degree is reduced to 15%, it is necessary to dry number Month, then take the heating means of heat radiation or thermal convection current.Heat gos deep into from wood surface to wood internal, frequently encounters surface The problem of moisture content degree is low, and inner aqueous rate is high, cause face checking in drying course；Inside and outside dilation differs, and causes deformation, Defective product rate is high, and efficiency is low, high energy consumption, and profit declines.Moisture content simultaneously after timber stoving is uneven, the meeting in the use in future Wood products are brought with a series of problem, go mouldy, raw bacterium, deformation, not paint, paint it is easy to fall off, discoloration the problems such as bring one The secondary loss of series.Whole wood working industry needs field technology innovation, improves the high-quality performance of timber, it is natural to change its Weakness, improve the final product quality of whole industry.Wood rapid-drying streamline, can quickly solve all of above timber processing Most of problem that industry faces improves the physical property of timber, improves yield rate, improves processing efficiency, for timber processing, wood Product makes the product that enterprise brings high quality, efficient production, high value-added product and profit.In recent years, both at home and abroad Correlative study has been carried out to timber high temperature and rapid drying：Dwianto.Japanese shirt (Cryptomeria is tested Deng (1999) Japonica pressure relaxation)；East Yuan Expensive will etc. (2000；2001) strain compression fixing of steam treatment timber is used；Great Island Gram benevolence (2002) tests the mechanical characteristic under the conditions of timber superheated steam；Zhao Zhongsheng etc. (2001) has done high-temperature high-pressure steam The research of processing manufacture compressed wood, wood-based plate；Cheng Wanli etc. (2004；2005；2007), Cheng etc. (2004；2007；2008) Summarize the shrinkage stress of timber and tensile stress relaxation feature in high-temperature high-pressure overheat steam drying process.Research shows：Temperature Degree is higher than timber is dried under the conditions of 140 DEG C, high-temperature high-pressure overheat steam of the relative humidity more than 60%, and stress is short Drastically discharged in time.For handling dried timber, the change of moisture absorption desorption properties by high-temperature high-pressure overheat steam The discussion of problem is less.

The content of the invention：

The invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the above, there is provided a kind of drying traditional at present to be taken into 3 The time of the moon, shorten to 1 week or so, greatly shorten time and the fund cost of the circulation of cabinet-wood, market is lifted for enterprise Unexpectedly strive power and economic benefit makes the method for drying wood of significant contribution.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of method for drying wood, step are as follows：

A, prepare timber greenwood, timber greenwood is accumulated into pile of lumber, horizontal air flue and uptake ventilator are left inside material heap, In the short transverse of material heap, every two layers of timber is separated with equally distributed parting bead；

B, drying schedule is formulated, understands the construction and mechanical property of timber, the particularly density of timber and drying shrinkage system first Number relation curve, and referred to the drying schedule of seeds similar in property, tested according to hypothesis benchmark or preliminary benchmark, The result of the separated layer water cut in each moisture content stage is plotted into moisture gradient curve, and indicates the drying of each stage generation The property and quantity of defect；

C, sawn timber preheats, and preheating temperature is 48-60 DEG C, and preheating time 1-2h, the relative humidity of medium is according to sawn timber First moisture content determines, when moisture content is more than 25%, relative humidity 98%-100%, when moisture content is below 25%, relatively Humidity is 90%-92%；

D, the regulation of hothouse temperature and humidity, close inlet and outlet mouths and improve humidity of media, improve medium temperature during steam-injection Degree, hothouse supply gas pressure are 0.4MPa, and pressure stability, hothouse is lining aluminium wall brick mix structure；

E, mid-term is handled, and according to timber varieties of trees, thickness and purposes and existing stress intensity determines what mid-term steamed Number, mid-term processing overall process need stress sample board to examine result；

F, end of a period is handled, and temperature is 48-60 DEG C, and relative humidity is the equilibrium moisture content higher 3%-4% than whole moisture content Relative humidity, time 1h；

G, it is to be cooled to draw off timber placement, into storehouse.

Preferably, parting bead length is consistent with material heap width, and every parting bead thickness is uniform, scope between 13-40mm, every Stripe pitch is 0.5-1.0m.

Preferably, drying gradient span is in 1.3-4.

Preferably, it is incubated 0.5h after preheating.

Preferably, storehouse temperature is not less than 5 DEG C, relative humidity 35%-60%.

Preferably, dry-bulb temperature control accuracy ± 2 DEG C in hothouse, wet-bulb depression ± 1 DEG C, in drying stage, add Do not steam when hot, do not heat during steam-injection, close entering and exhaust channel, do not heated when entering and exhaust channel is opened.

The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：1st, the quality of the drying of wood is ensured, it is aqueous after the drying of wood Rate reaches requirement, and error range is small, and does not have obvious seasoning defect drying defect after the drying of wood, such as ftractures, deforms, dried The generation for phenomena such as outward appearance and color and luster are good, and moisture content is uniform after drying, and lumber quality is without obvious drop；2nd, drying process is adjusted To optimization normal condition, i.e., on the premise of dry mass is kept, make that drying equipment efficiency high, speed are fast, energy consumption is low, timber drops Deng loss reduction；3rd, manpower is saved, is preferably minimized the possibility of Human error, while reduce cost of labor；4th, improve The security of drying equipment operating, reduces the generation that fire, seasoning degrade, significant mechanical failure etc. occurs.

Embodiment：

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, the embodiment It is only used for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..

A kind of greenwood drying means, step are as follows：Prepare greenwood, greenwood is accumulated into pile of lumber, level is left inside material heap Air flue and uptake ventilator, in the short transverse of material heap, every two layers of greenwood is separated with equally distributed parting bead, parting bead length and material Heap width is consistent, and every parting bead thickness is uniform, and scope is between 13-40mm, stiker spacing 0.3-0.6m；Formulate and dry base Standard, the construction and mechanical property of greenwood, the particularly density of greenwood and coefficient of shrinkage relation curve, and with property phase are understood first The drying schedule of near seeds refers to.It is persistently overheating by 10 hours that greenwood is sent into carbonization kiln, by kiln temperature liter To 95 DEG C, then start to be incubated.For soaking time in 4-5 hours, holding temperature is 95 DEG C.When temperature is down to 80 DEG C or so, then It is incubated 3 hours, it is ensured that temperature is at 80 DEG C or so, and after sealing the 4-5 hours that cool, air valve row is opened according to humiture in kiln Tide cooling, until temperature is down to 40-50 DEG C, required time is 18-20 hours, while moisture content is down to 25%-30%.So Greenwood continues persistently overheating by 10 hours in carbonization kiln afterwards, and kiln temperature is risen into 95-110 DEG C or so, then started Insulation.For soaking time in 4-5 hours, holding temperature is 100 DEG C.When temperature is down to 80 DEG C or so, then 3 hours are incubated, really Insulation degree is at 80 DEG C or so, after sealing the 4-6 hours that cool, air valve humidity discharging cooling is opened according to humiture in kiln, until temperature Degree is down to 40-50 DEG C, and required time is 18-20 hours, while moisture content is down to 15%-20%.Last greenwood continues The kiln that is carbonized is persistently overheating by 10 hours, and kiln temperature is risen into 120-130 DEG C or so, then starts to be incubated.During insulation Between in 4-5 hours, holding temperature is 120 DEG C or so.When temperature is down to 80 DEG C or so, then it is incubated 3 hours, it is ensured that temperature exists 80 DEG C or so, after sealing the 4-5 hours that cool, air valve humidity discharging cooling is opened according to humiture in kiln, until temperature is down to 40- 50 DEG C, required time is 18-20 hours, while moisture content is down to 10%-12%.

Time of the domestic technique needed in terms of greenwood drying is 40-50 days at present, and greenwood is done by the present invention It is dry extremely to need 6 days or so, substantially reduce greenwood drying time.

The another statement of applicant, the present invention illustrate the implementation method of the present invention and apparatus structure by above-described embodiment, But the invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment, that is, does not mean that the present invention has to rely on the above method and structure could be real Apply.Person of ordinary skill in the field is it will be clearly understood that any improvement in the present invention, to implementation method selected by the present invention etc. Effect replacement and the addition of step, the selection of concrete mode etc., all fall within protection scope of the present invention and scope of disclosure.

The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, all to realize the present invention using structure similar with the present invention and its method All modes of purpose, within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of 1. greenwood drying means, it is characterised in that：Step is as follows：

   A, prepare greenwood, greenwood is accumulated into pile of lumber, horizontal air flue and uptake ventilator are left inside material heap, in the height side of material heap Upwards, every two layers of timber is separated with equally distributed parting bead, and the thickness of greenwood is 1.2 centimetres -7 centimetres, and width is 15 centimetre -50 Centimetre, length does not limit；

   B, drying schedule is formulated, understands the construction and mechanical property of greenwood first, the particularly density of greenwood and the coefficient of shrinkage is closed It is curve, and is referred to the drying schedule of seeds similar in property, will be each according to assuming that benchmark or preliminary benchmark are tested The result of the separated layer water cut in individual moisture content stage plots moisture gradient curve, and indicates the seasoning defect drying defect of each stage generation Property and quantity；

   C, sawn timber preheats, and preheating temperature is 48-60 DEG C, preheating time 1-2h, and the relative humidity of medium contains according to the first of sawn timber Water rate determines, when moisture content is more than 25%, relative humidity 98%-100%, and when moisture content is below 25%, relative humidity For 90%-92%；

   D, the regulation of hothouse temperature and humidity, close inlet and outlet mouths and improve humidity of media, improve medium temperature during steam-injection, do Dry room supply gas pressure is 0.4MPa, and pressure stability, hothouse is lining aluminium wall brick mix structure；

   E, mid-term is handled, and according to timber varieties of trees, thickness and purposes and existing stress intensity determines the number that mid-term steams, Mid-term processing overall process needs stress sample board to examine result；

   F, end of a period is handled, and temperature is 48-60 DEG C, and relative humidity is relative for the equilibrium moisture content higher 3%-4% than whole moisture content Humidity, time 1h；

   G, it is to be cooled to draw off greenwood placement, into storehouse.
2. A kind of 2. greenwood drying means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Parting bead length is consistent with material heap width, Every parting bead thickness is uniform, and scope is between 13-40mm, stiker spacing 0.3-0.6m.
3. A kind of 3. greenwood drying means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Drying gradient span is in 1.3-4.
4. A kind of 4. greenwood drying means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：0.5h is incubated after preheating.
5. A kind of 5. greenwood drying means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Storehouse temperature is relatively wet not less than 5 DEG C Spend to be unlimited.
6. A kind of 6. greenwood drying means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dry-bulb temperature control accuracy in hothouse ± 2 DEG C, wet-bulb depression ± 1 DEG C, do not steam in drying stage, heating, do not heat during steam-injection, close entering and exhaust channel, enter row Do not heated when air flue is opened.