CN107588716B - method and system for detecting length electric pulse of rock-soil anchor rod or anchor cable - Google Patents
method and system for detecting length electric pulse of rock-soil anchor rod or anchor cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
the invention relates to a method and a system for detecting length electric pulse of a rock-soil anchor rod or an anchor cable, wherein the method comprises the steps of forming an electric signal transmission system by two anchor rods or anchor cables, transmitting an electric pulse signal to the exposed ends of the two anchor rods or anchor cables, collecting a pulse reflection signal at the exposed ends of the anchor rods or anchor cables, calculating the length of a shorter one of the two anchor rods or anchor cables according to a formula L 1 which is V 1 delta t 1/2, wherein V 1 is the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal in the anchor rods or anchor cables, and delta t 1 is the time difference between the collected pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of slope and geological disaster management engineering, in particular to a method and a system for detecting length electric pulses of a rock-soil anchor rod or an anchor cable.
Background
the anchor rod and the anchor cable are widely applied to reinforcement and support of geotechnical slopes, geological disaster management projects and deep foundation pits, at present, due to the fact that effective testing and detecting methods are lacked in the engineering acceptance stage to detect the lengths of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, the ubiquitous method that a constructor adopts a mode of reducing materials by stealing work to shorten the lengths of the anchor rod and the anchor cable to obtain improper benefits results leads the bearing capacity of the anchor rod and the anchor cable to not meet the design requirements, long-term potential safety hazards exist in engineering projects, therefore, the length detecting method of the anchor rod and the anchor cable needs to be researched, and the method and the detecting system which can be suitable for detecting the lengths of the anchor rod and the anchor cable in the engineering acceptance.
the method and the system for detecting the length electric pulse of the rock-soil anchor rod and the anchor cable have the following characteristics:
1. By adopting an electric pulse excitation mode and utilizing the metal conductive characteristics of the rock-soil anchor rod and the anchor cable, the attenuation of transmitted electric signals is reduced, the acquired signals are clear, and the detection result has high precision and good repeatability;
2. the length of the rock-soil anchor rod and the anchor cable can be rapidly detected, and the detection efficiency is high;
3. The rock-soil anchor rod and the anchor cable with longer length can be detected;
4. the anchor rod is suitable for various rock-soil anchor rods and anchor cables, and is less influenced by the conditions of rock-soil bodies;
5. the method has higher accuracy rate and is suitable for detecting the rock-soil anchor rods and the anchor cables in the engineering acceptance stage;
6. The method has low manufacturing cost, and is beneficial to popularization and application;
7. the method can be applied to the length detection of underground strip-shaped and rod-shaped metal buried objects with similar structures.
The method for detecting the length of the rock-soil anchor rod or the anchor cable in the prior art mainly comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: and (3) detecting the lengths of the rock-soil anchor rod and the anchor cable by an impact elastic wave reflection method.
The second method comprises the following steps: tai rationality university "nondestructive testing method and device for length of anchoring bolt", patent No. CN 101750035A.
the third method comprises the following steps: "nondestructive testing method and device for length of anchor rod in potential difference type", patent number CN103278081A, by north-west institute of science, middle-iron company limited.
The prior art has the following disadvantages:
the disadvantages of the ballistic wave method:
1. the method has good effect only by detecting the free anchor rods and the free anchor cables which are empty (not grouted and anchored), has poor detection effect on the anchor rods and the free anchor cables which are grouted and anchored, even can not obtain a detection result, and can not meet the requirement of checking and accepting the engineering after construction;
2. the method can not be used for detecting the anchor rods and anchor cables with longer lengths;
3. In practical application, the detection result depends on experience and analysis ability of operators to a great extent, and the detection result varies from person to person and has poor repeatability.
The tai yuan university 'nondestructive testing method and the testing device for the length of the anchoring bolt' have the following defects:
1. The method utilizes the ultrasonic guided wave to carry out nondestructive detection on the length of the anchoring bolt, and only can detect the anchoring bolt with the length of 2-3 meters due to the serious attenuation of the ultrasonic guided wave when the ultrasonic guided wave is propagated in the anchoring bolt, and the length of the anchoring bolt in actual engineering is more than 20 meters, and some anchoring bolts even reach 100 meters, so the method and the device can not be suitable for most engineering projects, and the method is not practically popularized and applied in the industry;
2. this method cannot be used for the detection of anchor lines.
the potential difference type anchor rod length nondestructive testing method and the testing device of the northwest China scientific research institute of middle iron have the following defects:
1. the method adopts the principle of a conventional electrical prospecting tripolar device, can accurately measure the length of the anchor rod theoretically, but needs to arrange electrodes in the detection holes and measure the potential difference in the detection holes point by point, the detection process is more complicated, and the electrodes arranged in the detection holes are difficult to be well coupled with the hole wall in the detection process, so the operation is difficult in practical application;
2. the method requires that a detection hole with the depth (length) larger than the designed length is drilled beside each anchor rod to be detected during detection, can greatly increase the construction cost and the construction period, is not suitable for practical engineering projects, and is not practically popularized and applied in the industry.
In addition, the existing detection methods for rock-soil anchor rods and anchor cables have the conditions of uncertain detection results and poor repeatability, have poor detection effects on the anchor rods and anchor cables anchored by grouting, and cannot meet the requirements of acceptance and detection of engineering after completion.
disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for detecting length electric pulse of a rock-soil anchor rod or an anchor cable, which can solve the problems that the existing method for detecting the length of the anchor rod or the anchor cable has poor effect and poor repeatability of a detection result and cannot be suitable for detecting the rock-soil anchor rod or the anchor cable with longer length, and meet the requirement of engineering acceptance detection.
the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for detecting length electric pulse of rock-soil anchor rods or anchor cables comprises the steps that two anchor rods or anchor cables form an electric signal transmission system, electric pulse signals are transmitted to the exposed ends of the two anchor rods or anchor cables, and pulse reflection signals are collected at the exposed ends of the anchor rods or anchor cables; according to the formula L1＝V1Δt1/2 calculating the length of the shorter of the two anchor or anchor lines, where v1for the transmission speed, Δ t, of the electrical pulse signal in the anchor or anchor line1the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired.
And the length of all the anchor rods and the lengths of the anchor cables are comprehensively detected to carry out contrastive analysis.
wherein v is1The value taking method is selected from the following three methods:
The method comprises the following steps: the transmission speed of the electric pulse signals in the anchor rod or the anchor cable is calculated through experiments, and the speed is obtained through sampling and counting of the anchor rod or the anchor cable in similar rock-soil strata;
The second method comprises the following steps: according to geological survey data of the engineering field, calculating the comprehensive relative dielectric constant epsilon of the rock-soil layers of the engineering field according to the proportion of each rock-soil layer and the corresponding relative dielectric constant, and adopting a formulaCalculating the transmission speed v of the electric pulse in the anchor rod or anchor cable1Wherein c is 3.0 × 108m/s；
the third method comprises the following steps: arranging anchor rods or anchor cables with known accurate length in an engineering field to form an electric signal transmission system, and measuring the known accurate length in engineering acceptancelength L4The time difference delta t between the pulse reflection signal collected in the anchor rod or the anchor cable and the electric pulse signal emitted4from the known exact length by formula v1＝2L4/Δt4back calculating the transmission speed v of the electric pulse signal in the anchor rod or anchor cable1。
A method for detecting length electric pulse of rock-soil anchor rod or anchor cable is characterized by that in the design scheme of anchor rod or anchor cable a general two-core electric wire whose length is identical to that of anchor rod or anchor cable is tied up on the surface of anchor rod or anchor cable, and said two-core electric wire along with anchor rod or anchor cable is placed in the drilled hole and grouted for construction;
When the electric signal transmission system formed by the two-core electric wires is used for detection, an electric pulse signal is input to the two-core electric wires at the exposed ends of the two-core electric wires, and a pulse reflection signal is collected at the exposed ends of the two-core electric wires; according to the formula L2＝V2Δt2/2 calculating the length L of the two-core wire2Wherein v is2For the transmission speed, Δ t, of electrical pulse signals in two-core wires2In order to acquire the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal on the two-core electric wire, the length of the two-core electric wire is the length of the anchor rod or the anchor cable.
wherein v is2The value taking method comprises the following steps:
A small amount of two-core wires are retained in the construction, and the length L is intercepted during the engineering acceptance detection3the two-core electric wire is used for inputting an electric pulse signal at one end of an electric signal transmission system formed by the two-core electric wire, and collecting a pulse reflection signal at the same end; according to formula V2＝2L3/Δt3Calculating the transmission speed v of the electric pulse signal in the two-core wire2Where Δ t is3the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired.
The method for preventing the interference detection accuracy caused by the fact that the length of the two-core wire is intentionally lengthened by a construction party comprises the following steps:
Measuring length L of electric transmission system composed of anchor rod or anchor cable and two electric wires bound on it5And the measured length L of the two-core wire2Comparing, measuring the anchor rod or anchor cable and two anchor rods or anchor cables tied on the anchor rod or anchor cableLength L of electric transmission system formed by core wires5The method comprises the following steps:
Inputting an electric pulse signal at the exposed ends of the anchor rod or the anchor cable and the two-core electric wire bound on the surface of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, and collecting a pulse reflection signal; according to the formula L5＝V2Δt4/2 calculating the shorter length L of the anchor or anchor cable and the bundled two-core wire5where Δ t is4The time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired.
the detection system used by the rock-soil anchor rod or anchor cable length electric pulse detection method comprises a detection device host; the detection device host includes:
The pulse signal source is used for generating an electric pulse signal required for detection;
the signal collector is used for collecting pulse reflection signals; the signal collector and the pulse signal source share a signal input/output interface;
The impedance matching circuit is used for automatically matching the impedance between the signal input/output interface and the two anchor rods or the two anchor cables or the two core wires to be tested;
The display is used for displaying the pulse reflection signal waveform collected by the signal collector and the setting parameters and the detection result of the host of the detection device;
The synchronous trigger circuit is used for synchronizing the time of the pulse signal source and the time of the signal collector so that the pulse signal source transmits an electric pulse signal and simultaneously starts the signal collector;
And the microprocessor is used for controlling the working state of the detection device host, extracting the pulse reflection signal and the arrival time, processing the collected pulse reflection signal and calculating the detection result.
Wherein, the detection device host computer still includes:
the memory is used for storing the detection result and the working parameters of the detection device host;
the keyboard is used for setting working parameters of the detection device host and inputting the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal;
The USB interface is used for importing and exporting detection results;
The detection system also comprises a power supply for supplying electric energy to the detection device host and a charging circuit for charging the power supply;
the pulse signal source is a high-speed high-frequency pulse signal generator; the signal collector is a high-speed sampling voltage signal collector; the anchor cable is a single-bundle steel strand or a multi-bundle steel strand.
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The invention adopts an electric pulse excitation mode, utilizes the metal conductive characteristics of the rock-soil anchor rod and the anchor cable, reduces the attenuation of the transmitted electric signal, and has clear acquired signal, high detection result precision and good repeatability;
2. the detection method can quickly detect the lengths of the anchor rods and the anchor cables in the rock soil, and has high detection efficiency;
3. the detection method can detect the rock-soil anchor rods and anchor cables with longer lengths;
4. The detection method and the detection system are suitable for various rock-soil anchor rods and anchor cables, and are less influenced by the conditions of rock-soil bodies;
5. The detection method has higher accuracy and is suitable for detecting the rock-soil anchor rods and the anchor cables in the engineering acceptance stage;
6. the detection method and the detection system have low technical cost and are beneficial to popularization and application;
7. The detection method and the detection system can be applied to the length detection of underground strip-shaped and rod-shaped metal buried objects with similar structures;
8. The signal collector and the pulse signal source share the signal input and output interface, so that the number of connecting wires during detection is reduced, and the field operation and the rapid detection during the detection are facilitated;
9. The invention is provided with the synchronous trigger circuit to ensure the accuracy of the time difference between the collected pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal.
10. The impedance matching circuit is arranged, so that the impedance between the signal input/output interface and the two anchor rods or the two anchor cables or the two electric wires to be tested can be automatically matched, and the clarity and the strength of the signals are guaranteed.
11. the invention is provided with the microprocessor, can rapidly and automatically process and calculate the detection data, and obtains the detection result.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention employing electrical pulses to detect the length of an anchor or anchor cable;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a detection system for detecting the length of an anchor or cable using electrical impulses in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention employing an electrical pulse detection system to detect the length of the anchor or cable bolt;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention employing an electrical pulse detection system to detect the length of multiple steel strands;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention using a two-core cable length measurement to measure the length of an anchor rod or a single cable bolt;
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention measuring multiple bundles of cables using two-core cable length measurements.
the reference numbers in the figures denote:
2-detection device host, 21-pulse signal generator, 22-voltage signal collector, 23-impedance matching circuit, 24-display, 25-synchronous trigger circuit, 26-microprocessor, 27-memory, 28-keyboard, 29-USB interface, 3-power supply and 4-charging circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
referring to fig. 1, in a method for detecting length electric pulse of a rock-soil anchor rod or an anchor cable, two anchor rods or anchor cables form an electric signal transmission system, electric pulse signals are transmitted to the exposed ends of the two anchor rods or anchor cables, and pulse reflection signals are collected at the exposed ends of the anchor rods or anchor cables; according to the formula L1＝V1Δt1/2 calculating the length of the shorter of the two anchor or anchor lines, where v1For the transmission speed, Δ t, of the electrical pulse signal in the anchor or anchor line1the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired.
In this embodiment, the anchor cable is a single bundle of steel strands or a plurality of bundles of steel strands.
The basic principle of the rock-soil anchor rod and anchor cable length electric pulse detection method is as follows:
according to the theory of an electric signal transmission system, an electric pulse signal is sent at one end of a conductor, the pulse signal can be transmitted forwards along the conductor, reflected waves are generated at the tail end of the conductor due to the fact that impedance changes and return to a signal sending end, the larger the impedance difference is, the stronger the energy of the reflected waves is, and the length of the conductor can be calculated by measuring the time difference between the transmitted pulse and the reflected pulse.
because ground stock and anchor rope are the metal material, have good signal transmission characteristic, two stock or anchor rope can constitute an electrical signal transmission system, and the characteristic impedance between the transmission system is comparatively unanimous, can not produce the signal reflection phenomenon, and the terminal (the terminal surface department B of one of two stock or anchor rope in the short one) impedance of transmission system appears the sudden change, consequently has better signal reflection ability.
Referring to fig. 2, the detection system used in the method for detecting the length of the rock-soil anchor rod or anchor cable by using the electric pulse comprises a detection device host 2, a power supply 3 for providing electric energy for the detection device host 2 and a charging circuit 4 for charging the power supply 3; the detection device host 2 includes:
The pulse signal source is used for generating an electric pulse signal required for detection, and is a high-speed high-frequency pulse signal generator 21 in the embodiment;
the signal collector is used for collecting pulse reflection signals; in this embodiment, a high-speed sampling voltage signal collector 22; the signal collector and the pulse signal source share a signal input/output interface;
the impedance matching circuit 23 is used for automatically matching the impedance between the signal input/output interface and the two anchor rods or the two anchor cables or the two core wires to be tested;
the display 24 is used for displaying the pulse reflection signal waveform collected by the signal collector and controlling the parameters and the detection results set by the detection device host 2;
the synchronous trigger circuit 25 is used for synchronizing the time of the pulse signal source and the time of the signal collector, so that the pulse signal source emits an electric pulse signal and the signal collector is started at the same time;
the microprocessor 26 is used for controlling the working state of the detection device host 2, extracting pulse reflection signals and arrival time, processing the collected pulse reflection signals and calculating a detection result;
A memory 27 for storing the detection result and the operation parameters of the detection device host 2;
a keyboard 28 for setting the working parameters of the detection device main unit 2 and inputting the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal;
and a USB interface 29 for importing and exporting the detection result.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the embodiment of detecting the lengths of the rock bolt and the anchor cable by using the electric pulse detection system is as follows:
1. connecting a pulse signal generator 21 and a voltage signal collector 22 to ground exposed ends of two anchor rods or anchor cables to be tested; referring to fig. 4, for a plurality of bundles of anchor cables in the form of steel strands, during detection, the signal generator 21 and the voltage signal collector 22 can be connected to the ground exposed ends of two of the steel strands;
2. the pulse signal generator 21 emits (excites) an electric pulse signal to the tested anchor rod or anchor cable, and synchronously triggers the continuous voltage signal collector 22 to start collecting voltage signals;
3. The pulse signal is transmitted to the bottom of the shorter anchor rod or anchor cable along the tested anchor rod or anchor cable and then reflected back to the exposed end of the ground;
4. the voltage signal collector 22 collects the pulse reflection signal and displays the signal waveform on the display 24;
5. Time of arrival deltat of manually or automatically picked-up pulse reflection signal1according to the formula L1＝V1Δt1/2 calculating the length L of the shorter anchor rod or anchor cable1。
6. every two adjacent anchor rods or anchor cables of the same engineering project (engineering field) form an electric signal transmission system for detection, the lengths of all the anchor rods and the anchor cables are comprehensively detected for comparative analysis, and every two adjacent anchor rods or anchor cables form the electric signal transmission system for detection so as to facilitate field operation and improve the detection efficiency.
further, v1The value taking method can comprise the following steps:
the first method is that the transmission speed v of the electric pulse of the similar rock-soil stratum counted by the experiment in the anchor rod or the anchor cable is adopted1。
And secondly, calculating the comprehensive relative dielectric constant epsilon of the geotechnical layers of the engineering field according to the geological survey data of the engineering field and the occupation ratio and the corresponding relative dielectric constant of each geotechnical layer, and adopting a formulaCalculating the transmission speed v1 of electric pulse in anchor rod or anchor cable, where c is 3.0X 108m/s。
The third method comprises the following steps: arranging anchor rods or anchor cables with known accurate length in an engineering field to form an electric signal transmission system, and measuring the known length L in engineering acceptance4The time difference delta t between the pulse reflection signal collected in the anchor rod or the anchor cable and the electric pulse signal emitted4From the known exact length by formula v1＝2L4/Δt4Back calculating the transmission speed v of the electric pulse signal in the anchor rod or anchor cable1。
Further, referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, in order to adapt to special situations such as large distance between the anchor rod and the anchor cable, short circuit of the metal part of the steel strand in the middle of the multi-bundle steel strand anchor cable, and the like, and improve the accuracy of the detection result, the detection method can be optimized, and the technical scheme can be adjusted under the same technical concept, and the specific method is as follows:
1. In the design scheme of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, a common two-core electric wire with the same length as the anchor rod or the anchor cable is tied on the surface of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, and the two-core electric wire is arranged in a drilled hole along with the anchor rod or the anchor cable and then is grouted for construction;
2. when detecting, the pulse signal generator 21 and the voltage signal collector 22 are connected to the two-core exposed end C of the two-core wire from the two-core wire exposed end to the electric signal transmission system formed by the two-core wireInputting an electric pulse signal, and collecting a pulse reflection signal at the exposed end C of the two-core wire; according to the formula L2＝V2Δt2/2 calculating the length L of the two-core wire2Wherein v is2For the transmission speed, Δ t, of electrical pulse signals in two-core wires2the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired; by detecting the length L of two-core wires2The length of the anchor rod or cable can be known.
the principle of obtaining the accurate length of the two-core wire is as follows: at present, the relative dielectric constant values of the insulating layers of the conventional two-core electric wire on the market are very close, even though the processing technology and the quality have great difference, the relative dielectric constant values of the insulating layers have no obvious difference, the transmission speed of the electric pulse wave in the conventional electric wire is more stable, and the value v is more stable2＝2×108m/s, the accurate length of the electric wire can be detected by adopting the technical method.
in addition, v can also be extracted on site by the following method2the value of (c):
a small amount of two-core wires are retained in the construction, and the length L is intercepted during the engineering acceptance detection3the two-core electric wire is used for inputting an electric pulse signal at one end of an electric signal transmission system formed by the two-core electric wire, and collecting a pulse reflection signal at the same end; according to formula V2＝2L3/Δt3Calculating the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal in the two-core wire, wherein at3the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired.
Further, the method for preventing the interference detection accuracy caused by the fact that the construction party intentionally lengthens the length of the two-core wire comprises the following steps:
Measuring length L of electric transmission system composed of anchor rod or anchor cable and two electric wires bound on it5and the measured length L of the two-core wire2Comparing and measuring the length L of the electric transmission system consisting of the anchor rod or the anchor cable and the two wires bound on the anchor rod or the anchor cable5The method comprises the following steps:
inputting electric pulse signals at the exposed end A of the anchor rod or the anchor cable and the exposed end C of the two-core electric wire bound on the surface of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, and collecting the pulsesa reflected signal; according to the formula L5＝V2Δt4/2 calculating the shorter length L of the anchor or anchor cable and the bundled two-core wire5Where Δ t is4The time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired.
the detection step aims to prevent the false impression that the qualified anchor rod or anchor cable can occur only by detecting the two-core electric wire when the length of the two-core electric wire is intentionally lengthened on a construction side; meanwhile, the electric wire is tightly attached to the surface of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, so that the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal between the electric wire and the anchor rod is consistent with that between two cores of the electric wire, and the detected length of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is accurate.
the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a method for detecting the length electric pulse of a rock-soil anchor rod or an anchor cable is characterized in that: two metal anchor rods or metal anchor cables which are placed in the drilled holes and subjected to grouting construction form an electric signal transmission system, electric pulse signals are transmitted to the exposed ends of the two anchor rods or the metal anchor cables at the exposed ends, and pulse reflection signals are collected at the exposed ends of the anchor rods or the metal anchor cables at the same time; according to the formula L1＝V1Δt1And/2 calculating the length of the shorter of the two anchor rods or anchor cables, wherein v1 is the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal in the anchor rods or anchor cables, delta t1the time difference between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal is acquired; forming an electric signal transmission system by pairwise all adjacent anchor rods or anchor cables of the same engineering project, respectively detecting according to the detection method, and comprehensively detecting the lengths of all the anchor rods and the anchor cables for comparative analysis; the detection system used by the rock-soil anchor rod or anchor cable length electric pulse detection method comprises a detection device host (2); the detection device main body (2) includes:
The pulse signal source is used for generating an electric pulse signal required for detection;
The signal collector is used for collecting pulse reflection signals; the signal collector and the pulse signal source share a signal input/output interface;
The impedance matching circuit (23) is used for automatically matching the impedance between the signal input/output interface and the two anchor rods or the two anchor cables to be tested;
the display (24) is used for displaying the pulse reflection signal waveform collected by the signal collector and the setting parameters and the detection result of the detection device host (2);
The synchronous trigger circuit (25) is used for synchronizing the time of the pulse signal source and the signal collector, so that the pulse signal source emits an electric pulse signal and the signal collector is started at the same time;
and the microprocessor (26) is used for controlling the working state of the detection device host (2), extracting the pulse reflection signals and the arrival time, processing the collected pulse reflection signals and calculating the detection result.
2. The method for detecting the length of the rock-soil anchor rod or the anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the value taking method of v1 is selected from the following three methods:
the method comprises the following steps: the transmission speed of the electric pulse signals in the anchor rod or the anchor cable is calculated through experiments, and the speed is obtained through sampling and counting of the anchor rod or the anchor cable in similar rock-soil strata;
The second method comprises the following steps: according to geological survey data of the engineering field, calculating the comprehensive relative dielectric constant epsilon of the rock-soil layers of the engineering field according to the proportion of each rock-soil layer and the corresponding relative dielectric constant, and adopting a formulaCalculating the transmission speed v1 of the electric pulse in the anchor rod or the anchor cable, wherein c is 3.0 multiplied by 108 m/s;
The third method comprises the following steps: arranging anchor rods or anchor cables with known accurate length in an engineering field to form an electric signal transmission system, and measuring the time difference delta t between the pulse reflection signal and the transmitted electric pulse signal collected in the anchor rods or anchor cables with the known length L4 during engineering acceptance4From the known exact length by the formula v1＝2L4/Δt4And (3) reversely calculating the transmission speed v1 of the electric pulse signal in the anchor rod or the anchor cable.
3. The method for detecting the length of the rock-soil anchor rod or the anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detection device host (2) further comprises:
A memory (27) for storing the detection result and the operation parameter of the detection device host (2);
the keyboard (28) is used for setting the working parameters of the detection device host (2) and inputting the transmission speed of the electric pulse signal;
a USB interface (29) for importing the export detection result;
The detection system also comprises a power supply (3) for supplying electric energy to the detection device host (2) and a charging circuit (4) for charging the power supply (3);
The pulse signal source is a high-speed high-frequency pulse signal generator (21); the signal collector is a voltage signal collector (22) for high-speed sampling; the anchor cable is a single-bundle steel strand or a multi-bundle steel strand.
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