CN107540813A - 烷氧基硅烷‑和脲基甲酸酯‑官能化的涂敷剂 - Google Patents
烷氧基硅烷‑和脲基甲酸酯‑官能化的涂敷剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107540813A CN107540813A CN201710492903.XA CN201710492903A CN107540813A CN 107540813 A CN107540813 A CN 107540813A CN 201710492903 A CN201710492903 A CN 201710492903A CN 107540813 A CN107540813 A CN 107540813A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- glycol
- acid ester
- alkoxysilane
- functionalized
- diisocyanate
- Prior art date
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- -1 alkoxy silane Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ureidocarboxylic acid Natural products NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 145
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical group CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- QQBWQAURZPGDOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexanoate;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CCCCCC(=O)OCC QQBWQAURZPGDOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)N=C=O NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Natural products OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical group [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-trimethylhexane Chemical class O=C=NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN=C=O ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004425 Makrolon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- VKLNMSFSTCXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound CCCCC(N=C=O)N=C=O VKLNMSFSTCXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RDFQSFOGKVZWKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)C(O)=O RDFQSFOGKVZWKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UPYSSRQCIUAPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium 1,2,3,4-tetraethylbenzene formate Chemical compound C(=O)[O-].[NH4+].C(C)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1)CC)CC)CC UPYSSRQCIUAPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- INSRQEMEVAMETL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)O INSRQEMEVAMETL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005621 tetraalkylammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,4,4-trimethylhexane Chemical class O=C=NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN=C=O QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004825 2,2-dimethylpropylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- GTZOYNFRVVHLDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)O GTZOYNFRVVHLDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940083957 1,2-butanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-[(2-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical class O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BXGYYDRIMBPOMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethoxy)ethoxymethanol Chemical compound OCOCCOCO BXGYYDRIMBPOMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpentane Chemical class CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- NAUBYZNGDGDCHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCC(C)C Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCC(C)C NAUBYZNGDGDCHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMUZQOKACOLCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1CO XMUZQOKACOLCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940106691 bisphenol a Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005082 etohexadiol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ARKBFSWVHXKMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilylmethanamine Chemical compound CO[Si](CN)(OC)OC ARKBFSWVHXKMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphine group Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH3] CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical class CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(benzenesulfonamido)ethylsulfanyl]-2,6-difluorophenoxy]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OCC(=O)N)=C(F)C=C1SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 101710130081 Aspergillopepsin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 102100031007 Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 7
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UCAHIIZBPCASHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1.N Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1.N UCAHIIZBPCASHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N trans-vaccenic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHAWHVVWUNNONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(methyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC DHAWHVVWUNNONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVOFCQBZXGLNAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(methyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC QVOFCQBZXGLNAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DXJLCRNXYNRGRA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(methyl)azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC DXJLCRNXYNRGRA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ROWWCTUMLAVVQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilylmethanamine Chemical compound CCO[Si](CN)(OCC)OCC ROWWCTUMLAVVQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRVPDGGTLNKOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M triethyl(methyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](C)(CC)CC GRVPDGGTLNKOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NIUZJTWSUGSWJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M triethyl(methyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(CC)CC NIUZJTWSUGSWJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNMJFQWRASXXMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(phenyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GNMJFQWRASXXMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及烷氧基硅烷‑和脲基甲酸酯‑官能化的涂敷剂,用于制备其的方法和其用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂,一种用于制备其的方法和其用途。
背景技术
数十年来聚氨酯已被证明为用于漆料、粘合剂、密封材料和塑料体系的高价值基本单元。在此额外的烷氧基硅烷基团主要通过形成硅氧烷和聚硅氧烷结构可起到重要作用,例如关于网络密度、耐化学品性和耐刻划性。
不仅具有烷氧基硅烷基团而且具有异氰酸酯基团的分子提供通过一种组分引入作为反应产物产生的官能团,硅氧烷和聚氨酯基团的可能性。这类物质早已例如以异氰酸根合烷基三烷氧基硅烷形式使用。
由异氰酸根合烷基三烷氧基硅烷和醇制备的烷氧基硅烷封端的聚氨酯也是已知的并且例如用于制备高度交联的硬涂敷剂(例如,EP 2676982 A1)。然而,EP 2676982 A1中所描述的含烷氧基硅烷的涂敷剂因其仅具有短适用期是不利的。
已知含脲基甲酸酯的粘合剂。还已知烷氧基硅烷官能化的脲基甲酸酯。在此需要区别下文阐明的各种类型,但所述类型既不在结构上也不在应用上对应于根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的粘合剂中所含的烷氧基硅烷-官能化的脲基甲酸酯。
例如,WO 2008/043722 A1中所描述的脲基甲酸酯III (1)通过使NCO封端的含脲基甲酸酯的聚氨酯I (1)与异氰酸酯反应性烷氧基硅烷II (1) (例如,氨基烷基三烷氧基硅烷)反应获得。因此,在此脲基甲酸酯基团处于聚氨酯链的中心,并且烷氧基硅烷官能经由在脲官能的范围内的末端异氰酸酯基团连接(结构III (1),等式1)。
(等式1)
DE 102005041953 A1描述了具有3000-20000 g/mol平均分子量的多元醇I (2)与过量异氰酸根合丙基三甲氧基硅烷II (2)的反应,以使得在聚氨酯形成III (2)之后形成每个脲基甲酸酯单元具有两个烷氧基硅烷官能的脲基甲酸酯IV (2)。
(等式2)
在DE 102005041954 A1中,将聚氨酯I (3)与异氰酸根合丙基三甲氧基硅烷II (3)掺合并且这样长时间加热直至形成脲基甲酸酯结构。在这种情况下,烷氧基硅烷基团添建至脲基甲酸酯基团III (3)的末端氮上(等式3)。
(等式3)
J. Kozakiewicz等人在Progress in Organic Coatings 72 (2011) 120-130中公布了异氰酸根合丙基三甲氧基硅烷I (4)与甲醇反应形成相应的氨基甲酸酯II (4)并且随后与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体III (4)反应。在由其产生的高粘性脲基甲酸酯IV (4)中,烷氧基硅烷官能挂在脲基甲酸酯基团的中央叔胺上(等式4)。
(等式4)
在所述应用中,脲基甲酸酯官能充当用作羟基官能化的聚酯多元醇的交联剂的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯三聚体的封闭剂。
即使在今天仍需要具有特定性质的新的含硅烷的涂敷剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供适合于开发高度交联、硬但仍柔性的涂层并且特征在于适用期延长的新的含硅烷的涂敷剂。
该目的通过根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂来实现。
意外地已发现,根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷官能化的含脲基甲酸酯的涂敷剂适合于用作漆料、粘合剂或密封材料。特别地,根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂可用于开发具有高柔性的高度交联、特别硬的涂层。另外,包含根据本发明的粘合剂组分a)(其为烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的氨基甲酸酯)的根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂特征在于长的适用期。
本发明涉及烷氧基硅烷-官能化和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂,其包含:
a)10-99重量%的作为粘合剂组分的至少一种下述的反应产物:
I.
A)至少一种、优选一种式1的含烷氧基硅烷基团的单氨基甲酸酯A)
Rn(OR1)3-nSi-R2-NH-(C=O)-OR3 式1
其中R、R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示具有1-8个碳原子的烃基,其中这些可为线性、支化或环状的,或者还可相互合并成环状,并且n表示0-2,
和
B)至少一种二异氰酸酯B),
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的A)与B)的摩尔比,
II.
以及随后
C)与至少一种二醇和/或多元醇C)反应,
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的反应产物I.的NCO-基团与二醇和/或多元醇II. C)的OH-基团的比例,
b)1-90重量%的至少另一种与a)不同的粘合剂组分,优选含羟基或含氨基的粘合剂组分,
c)0-50重量%的具有至少2、优选2.8至6的NCO官能度的至少一种芳族、脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,
d)0-5重量%的至少一种催化剂,
其中组分a)-d)合计100重量%,
e)任选的助剂和/或添加剂,
f)任选的溶剂。
根据本发明的脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂是包含至少反应产物的涂敷剂,所述反应产物是至少一种单氨基甲酸酯与至少一种二异氰酸酯的与二醇和/或多元醇反应的加合物。
如从至少一种单氨基甲酸酯与至少一种二异氰酸酯以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1的摩尔比的反应中可以看出,在步骤I.中生成的加合物是具有平均0.6-1.5个脲基甲酸酯单元的加合物,因为所述二异氰酸酯可被一个或两个单氨基甲酸酯部分或完全反应掉。然而,当根据本发明的加合物具有平均一个、优选一个脲基甲酸酯单元时是优选的。
然后,加合物与至少一种二醇和/或多元醇反应以使直到现在未反应的异氰酸酯基团反应。优选使就此仍具有一个游离异氰酸酯基团的单氨基甲酸酯和二异氰酸酯的1:1-加合物与至少一种二醇/多元醇反应。
当根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的氨基甲酸酯是来自单氨基甲酸酯和二异氰酸酯的加合物时是特别优选的,其随后与二醇/多元醇反应生成具有一个脲基甲酸酯-和一个氨基甲酸酯-单元的加合物。
在此特别地,“一种”单氨基甲酸酯、“一种”二异氰酸酯、“一种”二醇或“一种”多元醇分别应理解为实验式的各自的单氨基甲酸酯、二异氰酸酯、二醇或多元醇。
术语“粘合剂组分”可优选理解为粘合剂和交联剂,特别优选粘合剂。
本发明还涉及由以下组成的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂:
a)10-99重量%的作为粘合剂组分的至少一种下述的反应产物:
I.
A)至少一种、优选一种式1的含烷氧基硅烷基团的单氨基甲酸酯A)
Rn(OR1)3-nSi-R2-NH-(C=O)-OR3 式1
其中R、R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示具有1-8个碳原子的烃基,其中这些可为线性、支化或环状的,或者还可相互合并成环状,并且n表示0-2,
和
B)至少一种二异氰酸酯B),
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的A)与B)的摩尔比,
II.
以及随后
C)与至少一种二醇和/或多元醇C)反应,
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的反应产物I.的NCO基团与二醇和/或多元醇II. C)的OH基团的比例;
b)1-90重量%的至少另一种与a)不同的粘合剂组分,优选含羟基或含氨基粘合剂,
c)0-50重量%的具有至少2、优选2.8至6的NCO官能度的至少一种芳族、脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,
d)0-5重量%的至少一种催化剂,
其中组分a)-d)合计100重量%,
e)任选的助剂和/或添加剂,
f)任选的溶剂。
当R、R1、R2和R3同时或彼此独立地为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基时是优选的。
当n=0时是优选的。
当R1和R3同时或彼此独立地为甲基或乙基时是优选的。
R2优选为甲基或丙基。
优选n等于0、R1和R3同时或彼此独立地等于甲基或乙基并且R2同时或彼此独立地等于甲基或丙基的化合物。
优选地,R3=R1。
优选n等于0并且R2等于甲基或丙基、并且R1等于甲基或乙基并且R3=R1的化合物。
非常特别优选n等于0、R1和R3等于甲基并且R2等于丙基的化合物,N-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲基氨基甲酸酯。
根据本发明所用的二异氰酸酯B)可为任何芳族、脂族、脂环族和/或(环)脂族二异氰酸酯。在一个优选实施方案中,如本文所用的术语“(环)脂族二异氰酸酯”理解为在一个分子中同时存在键合至环的NCO基团和键合至脂族基团的NCO基团,如例如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的情况。在一个优选实施方案中,如本文所用的术语“脂环族二异氰酸酯”理解为仅具有直接键合至脂环族环的NCO基团的二异氰酸酯,例如二异氰酸根合二环己基甲烷(H12MDI)。
原则上所有已知的芳族化合物适合作为芳族二异氰酸酯B)。特别适合的是1,3-和1,4-苯二异氰酸酯,1,5-萘二异氰酸酯,2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,6-TDI),2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI),2,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4'-MDI),4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-MDI),单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和低聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(聚-MDI),苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(MXDI)和四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)的混合物。
适合用作二异氰酸酯B)的脂族二异氰酸酯包含具有优选3至16个碳原子、更优选4至12个碳原子的线性和/或支化亚烷基。合适的脂环族或(环)脂族二异氰酸酯包含具有优选4至18个碳原子、更优选6至15个碳原子的环亚烷基。合适的二异氰酸酯的实例包含环己烷二异氰酸酯,甲基环己烷二异氰酸酯,乙基环己烷二异氰酸酯,丙基环己烷二异氰酸酯,甲基二乙基环己烷二异氰酸酯,丙烷二异氰酸酯,丁烷二异氰酸酯,戊烷二异氰酸酯,己烷二异氰酸酯,庚烷二异氰酸酯,辛烷二异氰酸酯,壬烷二异氰酸酯,诸如4-异氰酸根合甲基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯(TIN),癸烷二-和三异氰酸酯,十一烷二-和三异氰酸酯,十二烷二-和三异氰酸酯。同样适合的是4-甲基-环己烷-1,3-二异氰酸酯,2-丁基-2-乙基五亚甲基-二异氰酸酯,3(4)-异氰酸根合甲基-1-甲基环己基异氰酸酯,2-异氰酸根合丙基环己基异氰酸酯,2,4'-亚甲基双(环己基)二异氰酸酯和/或1,4-二异氰酸根合-4-甲基戊烷。
优选的二异氰酸酯B)是异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI),2,2'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,2'-H12MDI),2,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4'-H12MDI),4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-H12MDI),2-甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯(MPDI),2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,2,4-TMDI),2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,4,4-TMDI),降莰烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI),亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI),甲苯胺二异氰酸酯(TDI),四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI),单独或以混合物形式。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,二异氰酸酯B)是IPDI和/或4,4'-H12MDI和/或HDI和/或2,2,4-TMDI和2,4,4-TMDI的混合物。
所用的二醇C)和多元醇C)是例如乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇,1,3-丙二醇,二乙二醇,二丙二醇,三乙二醇,四乙二醇,1,2-丁二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,3-丁基乙基丙二醇,1,3-甲基丙二醇,1,5-戊二醇,双-(1,4-羟甲基)环己烷(环己烷二甲醇),甘油,己二醇,新戊二醇,三羟甲基乙烷,三羟甲基丙烷,季戊四醇,双酚A,双酚B,双酚C,双酚F,降冰片烯二醇,1,4-苄基二甲醇,1,4-苄基二乙醇,2,4-二甲基-2-乙基己-1,3-二醇,1,4-丁二醇,2,3-丁二醇,二-β-羟乙基丁二醇,1,5-戊二醇,1,6-己二醇,1,8-辛二醇,癸二醇,十二烷二醇,新戊二醇,环己二醇,3(4),8(9)-双(羟甲基)-三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷(二甲醇(Dicidol)),2,2-双-(4-羟基环己基)丙烷,2,2-双-[4-(β-羟基乙氧基)-苯基]丙烷,2-甲基丙-1,3-二醇,2-甲基戊-1,5-二醇,2,2,4(2,4,4)-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,己-1,2,6-三醇,丁-1,2,4-三醇,2,2-二甲基丙-1,3-二醇,庚-1,7-二醇,十八碳烯-9,10-二醇-(1,12),硫二甘醇,十八烷-1,18-二醇,2,4-二甲基-2-丙基庚-1,3-二醇,三-(β-羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯,甘露醇,山梨醇,聚丙二醇,聚丁二醇,苯二甲醇或羟基特戊酸新戊二醇酯,单独或以混合物形式。
特别优选的二醇C)和多元醇C)是乙二醇,三乙二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,2-丙二醇,1,5-戊二醇,1,6-己二醇,环己烷二甲醇,癸二醇,十二烷-1,12-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,4,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,2-二甲基-丁-1,3-二醇,2-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,3-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基-戊-1,3-二醇,2-乙基己-1,3-二醇,2,2-二甲基己-1,3-二醇,3-甲基戊-1,5-二醇,2-甲基-戊-1,5-二醇,三羟甲基丙烷,2,2-二甲基丙-1,3-二醇(新戊二醇),羟基特戊酸新戊二醇酯和顺式/反式-1,4-环己二醇,单独或以混合物形式。
非常特别优选的二醇C)和多元醇C)是戊-1,5-二醇,己-1,6-二醇,十二烷-1,12-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,4,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,2-二甲基-丁-1,3-二醇,2-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,3-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基-戊-1,3-二醇,2-乙基己-1,3-二醇,2,2-二甲基己-1,3-二醇,3-甲基戊-1,5-二醇,2-甲基-戊-1,5-二醇,2,2-二甲基丙-1,3-二醇(新戊二醇)和顺式/反式-1,4-环己二醇,单独或以混合物形式。
作为组分C),优选使用具有20至500 mg KOH/g的OH数和250至6000 g/mol的平均摩尔质量的含羟基聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯和聚氨酯。在本发明的范围内特别优选使用具有50至250 mg KOH/g的OH数和500至6000 g/mol的平均分子量的含羟基聚酯或聚丙烯酸酯。羟基数(OH数,OHZ)根据DIN 53240-2测定。在该方法中样本在作为催化剂的4-二甲基氨基吡啶的存在下与乙酸酐反应,其中羟基被乙酰化。在此形成每个羟基一分子乙酸,而随后过量乙酸酐水解产生两分子乙酸。乙酸的消耗通过滴定分析从主值与并行进行的空白值之间的差来测定。分子量借助凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)来测定。样本的表征根据DIN55672-1在作为洗脱剂的四氢呋喃中进行。
可用作组分C)的含羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物可为具有例如WO 93/15849 (第8页第25行至第10页第5行)中所述的单体组成的树脂。在此通过按比例采用(甲基)丙烯酸作为单体所设定的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的酸值应为0至30,优选0至15 mg KOH/g。(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的数均摩尔质量(通过针对聚苯乙烯标准的凝胶渗透色谱法来测定)优选为2000至20 000 g/mol,玻璃化转变温度优选为-40℃至+60℃,并且通过按比例采用羟烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯所设定的根据本发明待使用的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的羟基含量优选为20至500 mg KOH/g,特别优选50至250 mg KOH/g。
根据本发明适合作为组分C)的聚酯多元醇是具有二羧酸和多元羧酸和二醇和多元醇的单体组成的树脂,诸如WO 93/15849中所描述的。还可用作聚酯多元醇的是已内酯在低分子量二醇和三醇上的加聚产物,诸如可以例如商品名CAPA® (Perstorp)购得的。通过计算测定的数均摩尔质量优选为500至5000 g/mol,特别优选800至3000 g/mol;平均官能度优选为2.0至4.0,优选2.0至3.5。
原则上还使用如在EP 140 186中所描述的那些作为根据本发明可用作组分C)的含氨基甲酸酯基团和含酯基团的多元醇。优选使用的是使用HDI、IPDI、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMDI)或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)制备的含氨基甲酸酯基团和含酯基团的多元醇。数均摩尔质量优选为500-5000 g/mol;平均官能度特别地在2.0-3.5的范围内。
含有其它官能团的二醇和多元醇适合作为组分C)。在此是熟悉的线性或支化的含羟基的聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚已内酯、聚醚、聚硫醚、聚酰胺酯、聚氨酯或聚缩醛。它们优选具有134至3500 g/mol的数均分子量。优选线性含羟基的聚酯-聚酯多元醇-或这类聚酯的混合物。它们例如通过二醇与多余量的二羧酸、相应二羧酸酐、低级醇的相应二羧酸酯、内酯或羟基羧酸的反应来制备。
适合用于制备聚酯多元醇的二醇除上述二醇以外还是2-甲基丙二醇、2,2-二甲基丙二醇、二乙二醇、十二烷-1,12-二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇和1,2-和1,4-环己二醇。
适合用于制备聚酯多元醇的二羧酸或衍生物可为天然脂族、脂环族、芳族和/或杂芳族的和任选例如被卤素原子取代的,和/或不饱和的。
优选的二羧酸或衍生物包括丁二酸,己二酸,辛二酸,壬二酸,癸二酸,2,2,4(2,4,4)-三甲基己二酸,邻苯二甲酸,邻苯二甲酸酐,间苯二甲酸,对苯二甲酸,对苯二甲酸二甲酯,四氢邻苯二甲酸,马来酸,马来酸酐和二聚脂肪酸。
合适的聚酯多元醇还是可以已知方式通过诸如ε-已内酯的内酯开环并且简单二醇作为起始分子制备的那些。
用于制备聚酯多元醇的二醇和二羧酸或其衍生物可以任何混合物形式使用。
将理解还可采用上述组分C)的混合物。
反应产物I.的NCO基团与二醇和/或多元醇II. C)的OH基团的比例从1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6,优选1.15:1至0.85:1变化,特别优选1:1。
根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的粘合剂组分a)的制备在两个步骤中实现。在步骤I.中单氨基甲酸酯A)与二异氰酸酯B)反应,由此产生反应产物I。随后进行步骤II.,其中反应产物I.与二醇和/或多元醇反应形成氨基甲酸酯官能。
一般而言,步骤I.和II.在不含溶剂下或使用非质子性溶剂下进行,其中反应可非连续或连续进行。步骤I.和II.的反应在例如搅拌槽、挤压机、静态混合器、捏合室的合适设备中进行。步骤I.和II.的反应可在室温下、即在15℃至40℃范围内、特别是15℃至25℃范围内的温度下进行。然而,优选使用在80℃至220℃范围内,特别是在80℃至120℃范围内的更高的温度。步骤I.和II.的反应伴随水的排除来进行。步骤I.和II.的反应优选在不含溶剂下进行。
为了加速步骤I.和II.的反应,有利地可使用氨基甲酸酯化学中已知的催化剂K),例如有机金属化合物,诸如含锡或锌的化合物,盐,例如氯化Zn(II),和/或碱。适合的例如是Sn-、Bi-、Zn-和其它金属的羧酸盐,例如二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸锡、乙基己酸锌(II)、新癸酸铋,叔胺,诸如像1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(DABCO),1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU),1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬-5-烯(DBN),三乙胺,脒和胍,以及季铵盐,优选四烷基铵盐,和/或季鏻盐。
也可以考虑乙酰丙酮金属盐作为催化剂K)。其实例是乙酰丙酮锌、乙酰丙酮锂、乙酰丙酮铁和乙酰丙酮锡,单独或以混合物形式。此外可以考虑乙酰丙酮季铵盐或乙酰丙酮季鏻盐作为催化剂。
对于步骤I.的反应而言,优选使用乙酰丙酮锌或乙基己酸锌。
步骤I.和II.中可采用的催化剂可为相同或不同的。
根据本发明的涂敷剂含有作为组分b)的至少一种另外的与a)不同的粘合剂组分。原则上所有本领域技术人员已知类型的粘合剂适合作为粘合剂,例如还有热塑性,即不可交联的粘合剂,所述粘合剂通常具有>10 000 g/mol的平均分子量。然而,优选的粘合剂是具有反应性官能团的那些,所述官能团具有酸性氢原子,例如羟基或伯胺或仲胺基。所述类型的合适粘合剂具有例如至少一个、但优选两个或更多个羟基。粘合剂的其它合适的官能团是例如烷氧基硅烷官能团。
作为具有官能团的粘合剂组分b),优选使用具有20至500 mg KOH/g的OH数和250至6000 g/mol的平均摩尔质量的含羟基的聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯和聚氨酯。在本发明的范围内特别优选具有50至250 mg KOH/g的OH数和500至6000 g/mol的平均分子量的含羟基的聚酯或聚丙烯酸酯用作粘合剂组分。羟基数(OH数,OHN)根据DIN 53240-2测定。在该方法中样本在作为催化剂的4-二甲基氨基吡啶的存在下与乙酸酐反应,其中羟基被乙酰化。在此形成每个羟基一分子乙酸,而随后过量乙酸酐水解产生两分子乙酸。乙酸的消耗通过滴定分析从主值与并行进行的空白值之间的差来测定。分子量借助凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)来测定。样本的表征根据DIN 55672-1在作为洗脱剂的四氢呋喃中进行。
可用作粘合剂组分b)的含羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物可为具有例如WO 93/15849 A1 (第8页第25行至第10页第5行)中所述的单体组成的树脂。在此通过按比例采用(甲基)丙烯酸作为单体所设定的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的酸值应为0至30,优选0至15 mgKOH/g。(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的数均摩尔质量(通过针对聚苯乙烯标准的凝胶渗透色谱法来测定)优选为2000至20 000 g/mol,玻璃化转变温度优选为-40℃至+60℃。通过按比例采用羟烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯所设定的根据本发明待使用的(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物的羟基含量优选为20至500 mg KOH/g,特别优选50至250 mg KOH/g。
根据本发明适合作为粘合剂组分b)的聚酯多元醇是具有二羧酸和多元羧酸和二醇和多元醇的单体组成的树脂,诸如WO 93/15849 A1中所描述的。还可用作聚酯多元醇的是已内酯在低分子量二醇和三醇上的加聚产物,诸如可以例如商品名CAPA® (Perstorp)购得的。通过计算测定的数均摩尔质量优选为500至5000 g/mol,特别优选800至3000 g/mol;平均官能度优选为2.0至4.0,优选2.0至3.5。
原则上还使用如在EP 140 186 A1中所描述的那些作为根据本发明可用作粘合剂组分b)的含氨基甲酸酯基团和含酯基团的多元醇。优选使用的是使用HDI、IPDI、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMDI)或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)制备的含氨基甲酸酯基团和含酯基团的多元醇。数均摩尔质量优选为500-5000 g/mol;平均官能度特别地在2.0-3.5的范围内。
三烷氧基硅烷官能性粘合剂也适合于用作组分b)。此类树脂可通过丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯单体与丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基官能性烷基三烷氧基硅烷衍生物(例如EvonikIndustries AG的Dynasylan MEMO)的共聚来获得,如例如WO 92/11328中所描述的。替代合成路径在于用异氰酸根合丙基三烷氧基硅烷的含羟基的聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯二醇或聚丙烯酸酯的衍生作用,如例如WO2008/131715的实施例3和4中所描述的。还可以考虑含氨基粘合剂,例如氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(例如Evonik Industries AG的Dynasylan AMMO),氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷,氨甲基三甲氧基硅烷或氨甲基三乙氧基硅烷。
将理解还可采用上述粘合剂组分b)的混合物。
特别优选的粘合剂组分b)是含羟基聚酯和聚丙烯酸酯,单独或以混合物形式。
根据本发明的粘合剂中粘合剂组分b)的份额优选为基于组分a)、b)和任选的c)和d)的总和计1至90重量%,优选20至60重量%。
组分c)
根据本发明所用的多异氰酸酯c)可由任何芳族、脂族、脂环族和/或(环)脂族多异氰酸酯组成。
原则上所有已知的芳族化合物适合作为芳族多异氰酸酯c)。特别适合的是1,3-和1,4-苯二异氰酸酯,1,5-萘二异氰酸酯,2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,6-TDI),2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(2,4-TDI),2,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4'-MDI),4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-MDI),单体二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和低聚二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(聚-MDI),苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(MXDI)和四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)的混合物。
用作交联剂组分c)的脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯c)包含至少一种具有至少2、优选2至6、更优选2.8至6、最优选2至4的NCO官能度的脂族和/或脂环族多异氰酸酯。本文所用的术语“NCO官能度”理解为相应分子,优选交联剂组分c)平均具有的反应性NCO取代基数。
根据本发明用作本发明组分c)的多异氰酸酯c)可为任何脂族、脂环族和/或(环)脂族二异氰酸酯。(环)脂族二异氰酸酯由本领域技术人员充分理解为同时环状和脂族键合的NCO基团,如例如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的情况。相反地,脂环族二异氰酸酯理解为具有仅直接键合至脂环族环的NCO基团的这种,例如H12MDI。
适合用作本发明组分c)的脂族多异氰酸酯包含具有优选3至16个碳原子、更优选4至12个碳原子的线性或支化亚烷基。合适的脂环族或(环)脂族多异氰酸酯c)包含具有优选4至18个碳原子、更优选6至15个碳原子的环亚烷基。合适的二异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯的实例包括环己烷二异氰酸酯,甲基环己烷二异氰酸酯,乙基环己烷二异氰酸酯,丙基环己烷二异氰酸酯,甲基二乙基环己烷二异氰酸酯,丙烷二异氰酸酯,丁烷二异氰酸酯,戊烷二异氰酸酯,己烷二异氰酸酯,庚烷二异氰酸酯,辛烷二异氰酸酯,壬烷二异氰酸酯,壬烷三异氰酸酯,诸如4-异氰酸根合甲基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯(TIN),癸烷二-和-三异氰酸酯,十一烷二-和-三异氰酸酯,十二烷二-和-三异氰酸酯。同样适合的是4-甲基-环己烷-1,3-二异氰酸酯,2-丁基-2-乙基五亚甲基-二异氰酸酯,3(4)-异氰酸根合甲基-1-甲基环己基异氰酸酯,2-异氰酸根合丙基环己基异氰酸酯,2,4'-亚甲基双(环己基)二异氰酸酯和/或1,4-二异氰酸根合-4-甲基戊烷。
用作本发明组分c)的多异氰酸酯优选选自异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI),2,2'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,2'-H12MDI),2,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4'-H12MDI),4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-H12MDI),2-甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯(MPDI),戊烷二异氰酸酯,2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,2,4-TMDI),2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,4,4-TMDI),降莰烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI),亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI),甲苯胺二异氰酸酯(TDI),四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI),苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(MXDI),单独或以混合物形式。
用作本发明组分c)的多异氰酸酯特别优选选自:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI),二异氰酸根合二环己基甲烷(H12MDI),2-甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯(MPDI),2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯/2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMDI),降莰烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI)。特别优选IPDI、HDI、TMDI和/或H12MDI,其中IPDI、H12MDI和/或HDI为最优选的多异氰酸酯。
还优选用作本发明组分c)的是可通过借助氨基甲酸酯-、脲基甲酸酯-、脲-、缩二脲-、异氰酸酯二聚体-、酰胺-、异氰脲酸酯-、碳化二亚胺-、脲酮亚胺-、噁二嗪三酮(Oxadiazintrion)-或亚氨基噁二嗪二酮-结构连接从所述二异氰酸酯或其混合物制备的多异氰酸酯。此类多异氰酸酯可商购获得。
特别优选作为本发明组分c)的是异氰脲酸酯,尤其是IPDI和/或HDI的异氰脲酸酯,例如VESTANAT HT 2500 L和VESTANAT T 1890。此类多异氰酸酯可额外任选地用二-或多官能性H-酸性组分,例如二-或多元醇和/或二-或聚胺链增长或支化。
特别优选用作本发明的组分c)的是通过蒸馏分离来除去残余单体以使得多异氰酸酯残余单体含量<0.5重量%的异氰脲酸酯。
上述二异氰酸酯和/或多异氰酸酯的任何混合物均可在本发明的范围内使用。
组分c)如果存在的话,以基于组分a)、b)、任选的c)和d)的总和计5至50重量%、优选15至40重量%存在于根据本发明的涂敷剂中。
在一个优选实施方案中,催化剂d)以基于组分a)、b)、任选的c)和d)的总和计0.1至最多5重量%、优选0.2至3重量%的量存在于根据本发明的涂敷剂中。
所使用的催化剂d)可为有机羧酸。合适的羧酸的实例尤其是水杨酸,苯甲酸,柠檬酸,邻苯二甲酸,对苯二甲酸,间苯二甲酸,十二烷酸,1,12-十二烷二酸和/或抗坏血酸。优选使用水杨酸、柠檬酸或苯甲酸,其中还可采用所述羧酸的混合物。
还可用作催化剂d)的是单独或以混合物形式的季铵盐,优选具有卤素、氢氧根、烷氧离子或有机或无机酸阴离子作为抗衡离子的四烷基铵盐和/或季鏻盐。这些的实例是:
四甲基甲酸铵,四甲基乙酸铵,四甲基丙酸铵,四甲基丁酸铵,四甲基苯甲酸铵,四乙基甲酸铵,四乙基乙酸铵,四乙基丙酸铵,四乙基丁酸铵,四乙基苯甲酸铵,四丙基甲酸铵,四丙基乙酸铵,四丙基丙酸铵,四丙基丁酸铵,四丙基苯甲酸铵,四丁基甲酸铵,四丁基乙酸铵,四丁基丙酸铵,四丁基丁酸铵和四丁基苯甲酸铵,和四丁基乙酸鏻,四丁基甲酸鏻和乙基三苯基乙酸鏻,四丁基鏻苯并三唑盐,四苯基鏻苯酚盐和三己基十四烷基癸酸鏻,甲基三丁基氢氧化铵,甲基三乙基氢氧化铵,四甲基氢氧化铵,四乙基氢氧化铵,四丙基氢氧化铵,四丁基氢氧化铵,四戊基氢氧化铵,四己基氢氧化铵,四辛基氢氧化铵,四癸基氢氧化铵,十四烷基三己基氢氧化铵,四(十八烷基)氢氧化铵,苄基三甲基氢氧化铵,苄基三乙基氢氧化铵,三甲基苯基氢氧化铵,三乙基甲基氢氧化铵,三甲基乙烯基氢氧化铵,甲基三丁基铵甲醇化物,甲基三乙基铵甲醇化物,四甲基铵甲醇化物,四乙基铵甲醇化物,四丙基铵甲醇化物,四丁基铵甲醇化物,四戊基铵甲醇化物,四己基铵甲醇化物,四辛基铵甲醇化物,四癸基铵甲醇化物,十四烷基三己基铵甲醇化物,四(十八烷基)铵甲醇化物,苄基三甲基铵甲醇化物,苄基三乙基铵甲醇化物,三甲基苯基铵甲醇化物,三乙基甲基铵甲醇化物,三甲基乙烯基铵甲醇化物,甲基三丁基铵乙醇化物,甲基三乙基铵乙醇化物,四甲基铵乙醇化物,四乙基铵乙醇化物,四丙基铵乙醇化物,四丁基铵乙醇化物,四戊基铵乙醇化物,四己基铵乙醇化物,四辛基铵乙醇化物,四癸基铵乙醇化物,十四烷基三己基铵乙醇化物,四(十八烷基)铵乙醇化物,苄基三甲基铵乙醇化物,苄基三乙基铵乙醇化物,三甲基苯基铵乙醇化物,三乙基甲基铵乙醇化物,三甲基乙烯基铵乙醇化物,甲基三丁基铵苄化物,甲基三乙基铵苄化物,四甲基铵苄化物,四乙基铵苄化物,四丙基铵苄化物,四丁基铵苄化物,四戊基铵苄化物,四己基铵苄化物,四辛基铵苄化物,四癸基铵苄化物,十四烷基三己基铵苄化物,四(十八烷基)铵苄化物,苄基三甲基铵苄化物,苄基三乙基铵苄化物,三甲基苯基铵苄化物,三乙基甲基铵苄化物,三甲基乙烯基铵苄化物,四甲基氟化铵,四乙基氟化铵,四丁基氟化铵,四辛基氟化铵,苄基三甲基氟化铵,四丁基氢氧化鏻,四丁基氟化鏻,四丁基氯化铵,四丁基溴化铵,四丁基碘化铵,四乙基氯化铵,四乙基溴化铵,四乙基碘化铵,四甲基氯化铵,四甲基溴化铵,四甲基碘化铵,苄基三甲基氯化铵,苄基三乙基氯化铵,苄基三丙基氯化铵,苄基三丁基氯化铵,甲基三丁基氯化铵,甲基三丙基氯化铵,甲基三乙基氯化铵,甲基三苯基氯化铵,苯基三甲基氯化铵,苄基三甲基溴化铵,苄基三乙基溴化铵,苄基三丙基溴化铵,苄基三丁基溴化铵,甲基三丁基溴化铵,甲基三丙基溴化铵,甲基三乙基溴化铵,甲基三苯基溴化铵,苯基三甲基溴化铵,苄基三甲基碘化铵,苄基三乙基碘化铵,苄基三丙基碘化铵,苄基三丁基碘化铵,甲基三丁基碘化铵,甲基三丙基碘化铵,甲基三乙基碘化铵,甲基三苯基碘化铵和苯基三甲基碘化铵,甲基三丁基氢氧化铵,甲基三乙基氢氧化铵,四甲基氢氧化铵,四乙基氢氧化铵,四丙基氢氧化铵,四丁基氢氧化铵,四戊基氢氧化铵,四己基氢氧化铵,四辛基氢氧化铵,四癸基氢氧化铵,十四烷基三己基氢氧化铵,四(十八烷基)氢氧化铵,苄基三甲基氢氧化铵,苄基三乙基氢氧化铵,三甲基苯基氢氧化铵,三乙基甲基氢氧化铵,三甲基乙烯基氢氧化铵,四甲基氟化铵,四乙基氟化铵,四丁基氟化铵,四辛基氟化铵和苄基三甲基氟化铵。这些催化剂可单独或以混合物形式添加。优选使用四乙基苯甲酸铵和四丁基氢氧化铵。
作为催化剂d),还可使用具有鳌合配体的金属络合物。鳌合配体是具有能够配位至金属原子或金属离子的至少两个官能团的有机化合物。可例如将铝-和锆-鳌合物,例如如美国专利4,772,672 A中所描述的用作催化剂。优选的金属鳌合物是基于锌、锂、锡、铝、锆、钛和/或硼的螯合物,例如乙基乙酰乙酸铝、乙基乙酰乙酸锆、乙酰丙酮锌、乙酰丙酮锂和乙酰丙酮锡,单独或以混合物形式。优选使用乙酰丙酮锌。
此外可以考虑季铵乙酰丙酮化物或季鏻乙酰丙酮化物作为催化剂d)。
此类催化剂的实例是四甲基铵乙酰丙酮化物,四乙基铵乙酰丙酮化物,四丙基铵乙酰丙酮化物,四丁基铵乙酰丙酮化物,苄基三甲基铵乙酰丙酮化物,苄基三乙基铵乙酰丙酮化物,四甲基鏻乙酰丙酮化物,四乙基鏻乙酰丙酮化物,四丙基鏻乙酰丙酮化物,四丁基鏻乙酰丙酮化物,苄基三甲基鏻乙酰丙酮化物,苄基三乙基鏻乙酰丙酮化物。特别优选使用四乙基铵乙酰丙酮化物和四丁基铵乙酰丙酮化物。将理解还可使用此类催化剂的混合物。
此外,铝-、锆-、钛-和/或硼-醇化物和/或它们的酯也适合作为催化剂d)。
还适合作为催化剂的是碱性物质,例如胍和脒和叔胺。这些的实例是四甲基胍,二氮杂二环十一碳烯(DBU),二氮杂二环壬烯(DBN),和二氮杂二环辛烷(DABCO)。
作为催化剂d),还可使用已证实其在PUR-技术领域内的价值的催化剂来催化氨基甲酸酯反应,例如有机Sn (IV)、Sn (II)、Zn和Bi化合物,或有机金属催化剂,例如二月桂酸二丁基锡,辛酸锡,乙基己酸锌,新癸酸铋,或叔胺,例如1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷。然而,根据本发明,用于氨基甲酸酯反应的此类催化剂仅与其它的本发明催化剂混合使用。优选使用乙基己酸锌。
作为催化剂d),还可使用含磷催化剂,优选含磷和氮的催化剂。还可在此使用两种或更多种不同催化剂的混合物。合适的含磷催化剂的实例是取代的亚磷酸二酯和二亚磷酸二酯,优选来自由非环状亚磷酸二酯、环状亚磷酸二酯、非环状二亚磷酸二酯和环状二亚磷酸二酯组成的组。此类催化剂描述于例如DE-A 102005045228中。
作为催化剂d),还可优选使用胺封闭的磷酸酯并且特别优选胺封闭的磷酸乙基己酯和胺封闭的磷酸苯酯。作为封闭磷酸酯所用的胺的实例可特别提及叔胺,例如三乙胺。特别优选使用在100℃至160℃的固化温度下具有良好的催化剂有效性的叔胺用于封闭磷酸酯。某些胺封闭的磷酸催化剂还是市售可得的(例如公司King Industries的Nacure类)。特别适合的催化剂的实例可提及基于胺封闭的磷酸部分酯,名称为Nacure 4167,来自公司King Industries。
还可用作催化剂d)的是非封闭或封闭形式的有机磺酸。原则上任何有机磺酸适合作为磺酸,优选对甲苯磺酸和十二烷基苯磺酸。对于用热、即高于100℃交联的涂敷体系而言,这些磺酸还可优选根据本发明以胺中和的形式来采用。还可根据本发明使用的是高于100℃才释放磺酸的潜在非离子型磺酸衍生物,诸如磺酸在含环氧组分上的加合物,如DE-OS 23 56768中所描述的。三氟甲磺酸(三氟甲磺酸(triflate))的盐也是合适的磺酸基催化剂。
优选采用选自四乙基苯甲酸铵、四丁基氢氧化铵、四乙基铵乙酰丙酮化物、四丁基铵乙酰丙酮化物、二月桂酸二丁基锡、乙酰丙酮锌、乙基己酸锌的催化剂d)。
根据本发明的涂敷剂中的催化剂d)可仅由上述替代物组成,但还可使用催化剂的任何混合物。
根据本发明的涂敷剂可额外地含有在漆料工艺中已知的助剂和/或添加剂e),诸如稳定剂、光稳定剂、催化剂、额外的交联剂、填充剂、颜料、流平剂或流变助剂,诸如所谓的“流挂控制剂”,微凝胶或热解法二氧化硅或者纳米颗粒,如例如EP 1204701 B1中所描述的,以典型的浓度。组分e)可额外地使用如在漆料化学内已知的额外的交联剂,例如以三聚氰胺树脂、苯并胍胺树脂、氨基甲酸酯官能性组分或封闭的多异氰酸酯的形式。需要时,还可将漆料工艺中惯用的无机或有机色料和/或效果颜料掺入根据本发明的涂敷剂的组分e)中。
在一个优选实施方案中,根据本发明的涂敷剂是无颜料体系,即,清漆体系。在这种情况下组分e)可优选以基于组分a)、b)、任选的c)和d)的总和计0.5至最多8重量%、还更优选1至6重量%的量被包括在根据本发明的涂敷剂中。
在另一个优选实施方案中,根据本发明的涂敷剂是有色涂敷体系。在这种情况下作为组分e)的颜料和填充剂可以基于组分a)、b)、任选的c)和d)的总和计10至200重量%的量被包括在根据本发明的涂敷剂中。
根据本发明的涂敷剂可进一步包含作为组分f)的有机溶剂。合适的溶剂是例如酮、醇、酯或芳烃。
组分f)优选以基于组分a)、b)、任选的c)和d)的总和计20至最多150重量%、还更优选30至60重量%的量被包括在根据本发明的涂敷剂中。
根据本发明的涂敷剂的制备通过混合上述组分进行。混合可借助本领域技术人员已知的混合器来进行,例如在搅拌容器、溶解器、珠磨机、辊式破碎基座等中非连续,或者例如使用静态混合器连续地进行。
本发明还涉及烷氧基硅烷官能化的含脲基甲酸酯的涂敷剂在漆料组合物和粘合剂组合物和密封材料组合物和金属涂敷组合物中的用途。
本发明还涉及烷氧基硅烷官能化的含脲基甲酸酯的涂敷剂在用于金属、玻璃、塑胶、木材、MDF (中密度纤维板)或皮革基材或其它耐热基材的涂敷组合物和漆料组合物中的用途。
本发明还涉及根据本发明的烷氧基硅烷官能化的含脲基甲酸酯的涂敷剂在用于金属、塑胶、玻璃、木材、MDF或皮革基材或其它耐热基材的粘合的粘合剂组合物中的用途。
本发明同样地涉及金属涂敷组合物,特别是用于汽车车身、摩托车和自行车、建筑部件和家用电器,木材涂敷组合物、MDF涂层、玻璃涂敷组合物、皮革涂敷组合物和塑料涂敷组合物。
通过以下非限制性实施例来进一步说明本发明,从所述实施例中可得出本发明的其它特征、实施方案、方面和优点。
实施例:
原料:
Vestanat®EP-UPMS:三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基甲基氨基甲酸酯(Evonik ResourceEfficiency GmbH)
Vestanat® IPDI:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH)
Vestanat® TMDI:2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,2,4-TMDI)和2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的混合物(Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH)
Vestanat® HT 2500/100:六亚甲基1,6-二异氰酸酯,均聚物(异氰脲酸酯型)(EvonikResource Efficiency GmbH)
Vestanat® EP Cat 11 B:丁醇中的四乙基苯甲酸铵(Evonik Resource EfficiencyGmbH)
Tegoglide® 410:基于聚醚硅氧烷共聚物的润滑剂和防粘连添加剂(EvonikResource Efficiency GmbH)
Vestanat® EP-M60:线性短链硅烷官能化交联剂(Evonik Resource EfficiencyGmbH)
Vestanat® EP-M95:支化短链硅烷官能化交联剂(Evonik Resource EfficiencyGmbH)
Vestanat® EP-M120:线性长链硅烷官能化交联剂(Evonik Resource EfficiencyGmbH)
Setalux® 1760 VB-64:聚丙烯酸酯多元醇,Nuplex Resins B.V.
Tinuvin® 292:位阻胺,光稳定剂;BASF SE
Tinuvin® 900:UV吸收剂;BASF SE
1.a)的制备
烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的氨基甲酸酯1
将36.9 g Vestanat® EP-UPMS、0.04 g乙基己酸锌(II)和34.7 g Vestanat® IPDI预置在具有回流冷凝器的三颈烧瓶中,用氮气保护并且伴随搅拌加热至100℃。在加热12小时之后,获得9.33%的NCO含量。将所得脲基甲酸酯冷却,用8.37 g戊二醇和0.01% DBTL掺合,并且在60-65℃下搅拌17 h直至达到<0.1%的NCO含量,其中在约3 h之后,添加20 g乙酸丁酯以降低粘度。如此获得的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的氨基甲酸酯1是具有3457 mPas粘度(23℃下)的透明液体。
烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的氨基甲酸酯2
将31.7 g Vestanat® EP-UPMS、0.04 g乙基己酸锌(II)和29.8 g Vestanat® IPDI预置在具有回流冷凝器的三颈烧瓶中,用氮气保护并且伴随搅拌加热至100℃。在加热6小时之后,获得9.12%的NCO含量。将所得脲基甲酸酯冷却,用13.5 g十二烷二醇和0.01% DBTL掺合,并且在60-65℃下搅拌几小时直至达到<0.1%的NCO含量,并且然后在仍热时,添加20g 1-MOP-乙酸酯以降低粘度。如此获得的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的氨基甲酸酯2是具有1902 mPas粘度(23℃下)的透明液体。
从烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂制备清漆
对于配制本发明的清漆和比较例,在加工之前立即将表1中表示的组合物的组分彼此混合。
测定为在23℃下DIN-4杯中流动时间的配制品的粘度大约为20秒。
表1:本发明的清漆和比较例的组成
表2中示出了组合物I-V的适用期。适用期按如下测定:
将用于测定的液体样本(至少70 ml)填入100 ml玻璃瓶中并且在垂直方向上配备有金属针;浸于样本中的针的末端悬挂有大约2 cm直径的圆形金属板。玻璃瓶配备有有孔盖,并且金属针被夹至胶凝时间仪器(Techne胶凝计时器)中。现在样本处于设定在室温(23℃)下的水槽(Lauda恒温器BK2型)中。样本中的金属针以恒定节奏上下振荡移动直至样本阻力大于胶凝时间仪器的力。在这种情况下,金属针卡住;样本“已胶凝”。金属针振荡移动开始与其结束之间的时间在胶凝仪器的显示器上给出。
表2:组合物I-V的适用期
从表2中示出的适用期中,可明确得出的是本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂I和II具有比比较例III-V显著更长的适用期。从现有技术(比较例III-V)不可期待的是,包含本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的氨基甲酸酯1-2的本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂I和II的适用期延长很多倍。
清漆的固化
为了测定机械参数,用120 μm刮刀将全部漆料涂敷于磷化钢板(Chemetall Gardobond26S/60/OC)上并且在160℃下固化22分钟。
表3:在160℃下固化(22 min)后本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂I-III的漆料性质
使用本发明的烷氧基硅烷-和脲基甲酸酯-官能化的涂敷剂I和II获得的涂层的漆料性质显示出相比于比较例III高的摆锤硬度,且同时具有格外高的柔性和良好MEK耐性。
Claims (26)
1.烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其包含:
a)10-99重量%的作为粘合剂组分的至少一种下述的反应产物:
I.
A)至少一种式1的含烷氧基硅烷基团的单氨基甲酸酯A)
Rn(OR1)3-nSi-R2-NH-(C=O)-OR3 式1
其中R、R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示具有1-8个碳原子的烃基,其中这些可为线性、支化或环状的,或者还可相互合并成环状,并且n表示0-2,
和
B)至少一种二异氰酸酯B),
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的A)与B)的摩尔比,
II.
以及随后
C)与至少一种二醇和/或多元醇C)反应,
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的反应产物I.的NCO-基团与二醇和/或多元醇II. C)的OH-基团的比例,
b)1-90重量%的至少另一种与a)不同的粘合剂组分,优选含羟基或含氨基的粘合剂组分,
c)0-50重量%的具有至少2、优选2.8至6的NCO官能度的至少一种芳族、脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,
d)0-5重量%的至少一种催化剂,
其中组分a)-d)合计100重量%,
e)任选的助剂和/或添加剂,
f)任选的溶剂。
2.烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其由以下组成的:
a)10-99重量%的作为粘合剂组分的至少一种下述的反应产物:
I.
A)至少一种式1的含烷氧基硅烷基团的单氨基甲酸酯A)
Rn(OR1)3-nSi-R2-NH-(C=O)-OR3 式1
其中R、R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示具有1-8个碳原子的烃基,其中这些可为线性、支化或环状的,或者还可相互合并成环状,并且n表示0-2,
和
B)至少一种二异氰酸酯B),
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的A)与B)的摩尔比,
II.
以及随后
C)与至少一种二醇和/或多元醇C)反应,
任选地在至少一种催化剂K)的存在下,
以1.0:1.5至1.0:0.6、优选1.15:1至0.85:1、特别优选1:1的反应产物I.的NCO基团与二醇和/或多元醇II. C)的OH基团的比例;
b)1-90重量%的至少另一种与a)不同的粘合剂组分,优选含羟基或含氨基的粘合剂组分,
c)0-50重量%的具有至少2、优选2.8至6的NCO官能度的至少一种芳族、脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,
d)0-5重量%的至少一种催化剂,
其中组分a)-d)合计100重量%,
e)任选的助剂和/或添加剂,
f)任选的溶剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,R、R1、R2和R3同时或彼此独立地为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基。
4.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,n等于0,R1和R3同时或彼此独立地等于甲基或乙基,并且R2同时或彼此独立地等于甲基或丙基。
5.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,n等于0并且R2等于甲基或丙基,并且R1等于甲基或乙基并且R3=R1。
6.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,n等于0,R1和R3等于甲基并且R2等于丙基。
7.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述二异氰酸酯B)选自异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI),2,2'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,2'-H12MDI),2,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4'-H12MDI),4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-H12MDI),2-甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯(MPDI),戊烷二异氰酸酯,2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,2,4-TMDI),2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,4,4-TMDI),降莰烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI),亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI),甲苯胺二异氰酸酯(TDI),四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI),苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(MXDI),单独或混合物。
8.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述二醇和/或多元醇C)选自乙二醇,1,2-丙二醇,1,3-丙二醇,二乙二醇,二丙二醇,三乙二醇,四乙二醇,1,2-丁二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,3-丁基乙基丙二醇,1,3-甲基丙二醇,1,5-戊二醇,双-(1,4-羟甲基)环己烷(环己烷二甲醇),甘油,己二醇,新戊二醇,三羟甲基乙烷,三羟甲基丙烷,季戊四醇,双酚A,双酚B,双酚C,双酚F,降冰片烯二醇,1,4-苄基二甲醇,1,4-苄基二乙醇,2,4-二甲基-2-乙基己-1,3-二醇,1,4-丁二醇,2,3-丁二醇,二-β-羟乙基丁二醇,1,5-戊二醇,1,6-己二醇,1,8-辛二醇,癸二醇,十二烷二醇,新戊二醇,环己二醇,3(4),8(9)-双(羟甲基)-三环[5.2.1.02,6]癸烷(二甲醇),2,2-双-(4-羟基环己基)丙烷,2,2-双-[4-(β-羟基乙氧基)-苯基]丙烷,2-甲基丙-1,3-二醇,2-甲基戊-1,5-二醇,2,2,4(2,4,4)-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,己-1,2,6-三醇,丁-1,2,4-三醇,三-(β-羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯,甘露醇,山梨醇,聚丙二醇,聚丁二醇,苯二甲醇或羟基特戊酸新戊二醇酯,单独或以混合物形式。
9.根据权利要求1-5所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述二醇和/或多元醇C)选自乙二醇,三乙二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,2-丙二醇,1,5-戊二醇,1,6-己二醇,环己烷二甲醇,癸二醇,十二烷-1,12-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,4,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,2-二甲基-丁-1,3-二醇,2-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,3-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基-戊-1,3-二醇,2-乙基己-1,3-二醇,2,2-二甲基己-1,3-二醇,3-甲基戊-1,5-二醇,2-甲基-戊-1,5-二醇,三羟甲基丙烷,2,2-二甲基丙-1,3-二醇(新戊二醇),羟基特戊酸新戊二醇酯和顺式/反式-1,4-环己二醇,单独或以混合物形式。
10.根据权利要求1-5所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述二醇和/或多元醇C)选自戊-1,5-二醇,己-1,6-二醇,十二烷-1,12-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,4,4-三甲基己-1,6-二醇,2,2-二甲基-丁-1,3-二醇,2-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,3-甲基-戊-2,4-二醇,2,2,4-三甲基-戊-1,3-二醇,2-乙基己-1,3-二醇,2,2-二甲基己-1,3-二醇,3-甲基戊-1,5-二醇,2-甲基-戊-1,5-二醇,2,2-二甲基丙-1,3-二醇(新戊二醇)和顺式/反式-1,4-环己二醇,单独或以混合物形式。
11.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述二醇和/或多元醇C)选自具有20至500 mg KOH/g的OH数和250至6000 g/mol的平均摩尔质量的含羟基聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯和聚氨酯,单独或以混合物形式。
12.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述二醇和/或多元醇C)选自具有50至250 mg KOH/g的OH数和500至6000 g/mol的平均分子量的含羟基聚酯或聚丙烯酸酯,单独或以混合物形式。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述催化剂K)选自:金属羧酸盐,叔胺,脒,胍,季铵盐,四烷基铵盐,季鏻盐,金属乙酰丙酮化物,季铵乙酰丙酮化物,季鏻乙酰丙酮化物,羧酸,铝-、锆-、钛-和/或硼-醇化物和/或它们的酯,含磷和含氮催化剂,磺酸,单独或以混合物形式。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述催化剂K)是乙酰丙酮锌和/或乙基己酸锌。
15.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,将含羟基和/或含氨基粘合剂用作粘合剂b)。
16.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂b)选自具有20至500 mg KOH/g的OH数和250至6000 g/mol的平均摩尔质量的含羟基聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、聚碳酸酯和聚氨酯,单独或以混合物形式。
17.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂b)选自具有50至250 mg KOH/g的OH数和500至6000 g/mol的平均分子量的含羟基聚酯或聚丙烯酸酯,单独或以混合物形式。
18.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂b)是异氰酸根合三烷氧基硅烷和单-或多价醇的至少一种加合物。
19.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,含有异氰酸根合丙基三烷氧基硅烷的含羟基聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯二醇或聚丙烯酸酯的至少一种衍生物,单独或以混合物形式作为粘合剂b)。
20.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述粘合剂b)是氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、氨甲基三甲氧基硅烷或氨甲基三乙氧基硅烷,单独或以混合物形式。
21.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,组分c)是选自以下的多异氰酸酯:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI),2,2'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,2'-H12MDI),2,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(2,4'-H12MDI),4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4'-H12MDI),2-甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯(MPDI),戊烷二异氰酸酯,2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,2,4-TMDI),2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,4,4-TMDI),降莰烷二异氰酸酯(NBDI),亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI),甲苯胺二异氰酸酯(TDI),四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI),苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(MXDI),单独地或以混合物形式。
22.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,组分c)是异氰脲酸酯,特别是来自IPDI和/或HDI的异氰脲酸酯。
23.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述催化剂d)选自:金属羧酸盐,叔胺,脒,胍,季铵盐,四烷基铵盐,季鏻盐,金属乙酰丙酮化物,季铵乙酰丙酮化物,季鏻乙酰丙酮化物,羧酸,铝-、锆-、钛-和/或硼-醇化物和/或它们的酯,含磷和含氮催化剂,磺酸,单独或以混合物形式。
24.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,所述催化剂d)选自四乙基苯甲酸铵,四丁基氢氧化铵,四乙基铵乙酰丙酮化物,四丁基铵乙酰丙酮化物,二月桂酸二丁基锡,乙酰丙酮锌,乙基己酸锌。
25.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化和脲基甲酸酯官能化的涂敷剂,其特征在于,将溶剂、稳定剂、光稳定剂、额外的交联剂、填充剂、颜料、流平剂或流变助剂单独或以混合物形式用作添加剂E)。
26.根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的烷氧基硅烷官能化的含脲基甲酸酯的涂敷剂在漆料组合物、粘合剂组合物、密封材料组合物和金属涂敷组合物中的用途。
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CN104583260A (zh) * | 2012-09-04 | 2015-04-29 | 拜耳材料科技股份有限公司 | 具有硫代氨基甲酸酯结构的硅烷官能的粘合剂 |
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EP3263619A1 (de) | 2018-01-03 |
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MX2017008542A (es) | 2018-09-10 |
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US20170369631A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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